বিষয়সমূহ

PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন

Active and Passive Voice

মোট প্রশ্ন১,২৭৭এই পাতা১০০প্রতি পাতা১০০
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Active and Passive Voice

PrepBank · পাতা ১০ / ১৩ · ৯০১১,০০০ / ১,২৭৭

৯০১.
The committee was considering several new proposals. (Make it passive)
  1. ক) Several new proposals were considered by the committee.
  2. খ) Several new proposals was considered by the committee.
  3. গ) Several new proposals were being considered by the committee.
  4. ঘ) The committee being considered several new proposals.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Several new proposals were being considered by the committee.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Several new proposals were being considered by the committee.
ব্যাখ্যা
- এ বাক্যটি Past Continuous tense এ আছে।
- এই sentence টির passive voice এর structure হবে: Sub + am/is/are/was/were + being + verb in past participle. 
- তাই এর সঠিক passive form হবে: Several new proposals were being considered by the committee. 

Source : Cliffs TOEFL.
৯০২.
Which is the correct passive form of
“They can finish the work today”?
  1. The work can be finished today.
  2. The work can finish today.
  3. Can be finished the work today.
  4. The work is can finished today.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work can be finished today.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work can be finished today.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Modal auxiliary যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice–এ রূপান্তর করার সময় নির্দিষ্ট নিয়ম অনুসরণ করতে হয়।
- Rule: Modal + base verb (Active)
→ Modal + be + past participle (Passive)

- এই বাক্যে—
- Active: They can finish the work today.
- Object (the work) → Passive–এর subject হয়েছে
- can অপরিবর্তিত আছে
- finish → be finished (past participle)

- অন্য অপশনগুলো ভুল কারণ—
- (খ) তে can finish → passive গঠন নয়।
- (গ) তে word order ভুল।
- (ঘ) modal + be + past participle নিয়ম মানা হয়নি।
- সুতরাং সঠিক Passive Voice হলো: The work can be finished today.

Bangla Meaning:
- কাজটি আজ শেষ করা যেতে পারে।

 - Rule Reminder:
- Active: Subject + modal + verb + object
- Passive: Object → Subject + modal + be + past participle (+ by + subject এর object রূপ, প্রয়োজনে)

৯০৩.
Atik has done the work carefully.
Make the given sentence passive.
  1. The work was done carefully by Atik.
  2. The work has done carefully by Atik.
  3. The work has been done carefully by Atik.
  4. The work been done carefully by Atik.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work has been done carefully by Atik.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work has been done carefully by Atik.
ব্যাখ্যা
Correct Answer: The work has been done carefully by Atik.

• Present Perfect Tense এর Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম-

- Object টি subject হয় +
- have been/ has been বসে+
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে+
- by বসে+ Subject এর objective form বসে।

যেমন-
Active: Atik has done the work carefully.
Passive: The work has been done carefully by Atik.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
৯০৪.
Change the voice : 'Do the sum'.
  1. ক) Let the sum be done.
  2. খ) The sum is done
  3. গ) The sum is done by you.
  4. ঘ) Let the sum be done by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Let the sum be done.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Let the sum be done.
ব্যাখ্যা
Imperative Sentence-কে Passive করার নিয়ম হল- Let+Obj+be+ Verb-এর past participle+ (by you)
Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Husssain
৯০৫.
I gave Inaaya a painting book. (Make it passive)
  1. A painting book was given to Inaaya by me.
  2. Inaaya was given a painting book by me.
  3. Inaaya was to given a painting book by me.
  4. Both A + B
সঠিক উত্তর:
Both A + B
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Both A + B
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:

• Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
• Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
• তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
• Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
• তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

• প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যে দুইটি object রয়েছে - Inaaya and a painting book.
- এর voice change দুইভাবে করা সম্ভব - 
- A painting book was given to Inaaya by me.
- Inaaya was given a painting book by me.

• Active voice এ double object থাকলে passive করার নিয়ম:
- দুটি object- এর যেকোনটি subject হিসেবে নেয়া হয় (ব্যক্তিবাচক object-টি পরিবর্তন করা ভালো)
- Tense এবং person-অনুসারে Auxiliary verb
- Verb-এর past participle
- অন্য object
- by
- active voice-এর subject-টি object হিসেবে লেখা হয়।
 
তাই সঠিক উত্তর: Both A + B.
৯০৬.
Change the voice: I am to make a design.
  1. A design has to be made by me.
  2. A design had to be made by me.
  3. A design was to be made by me.
  4. A design is to be made by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
A design is to be made by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A design is to be made by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
• Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
• Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
• তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
• Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
• তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

Active voice: I am to make a design.
Passive voice: A design is to be made by me.
৯০৭.
One should learn the principles. (Make it passive)
  1. The principles should be learn.
  2. The principles should learned by one's
  3. The principles should be learned by the one's.
  4. The principles should be learned.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The principles should be learned.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The principles should be learned.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active voice: One should learn the principles
Passive voice: The principles should be learned.

• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
1. প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে, অর্থাৎ, Active voice-এর object-কে passive voice-এর subject হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
2. Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।
3. should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

More Examples:
Active Voice: One should take care of one's health.
Passive Voice: Health should be taken care of.

Active: One should tell the truth.
Passive: Truth should be told.
৯০৮.
Change the voice: They told us a crazy story about UFOs.
  1. A crazy story about UFOs were told to us by them.
  2. We were being told a crazy story about UFOs by them.
  3. They were told a crazy story about UFOs to us.
  4. We were told a crazy story about UFOs by them.
সঠিক উত্তর:
We were told a crazy story about UFOs by them.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
We were told a crazy story about UFOs by them.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Double object যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম: 
1) দুটি object এর যেকোন একটিকে passive voice এর subject করতে হয় (তবে ব্যক্তিবাচক অর্থাৎ Indirect object- কে subject করাই শ্রেয়) + 
2) Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + 
3) প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে + 
4) প্রদত্ত বাকী object টি বসে + 
5) by বসে + 
6) প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject টি object রূপে বসে। 

Active: They told us a crazy story about UFOs.
Passive: We were told a crazy story about UFOs by them. 

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯০৯.
Change the voice: “We are helping the poor.”
  1. a) The poor is helped by us.
  2. b) The poor are helped by us.
  3. c) The poor are being helped by us.
  4. d) The poor is being helped by us.
সঠিক উত্তর:
c) The poor are being helped by us.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
c) The poor are being helped by us.
ব্যাখ্যা
Present Continuous Tense এর Passive voice এর Structure
Subject +am/is/are + being + verb এর Past Participle + by + object (active voiceএর subject)
আলোচ্য বাক্যে ‘The poor’ plural common noun হিসেবে গন্য হয়েছে।
তাই ‘The poor’এর পরে verb ‘is’ হয়নি ‘are’ হয়েছে
৯১০.
The correct passive form of 'I make him do the work every day.' is -
  1. The work has made to done by him every day by me.
  2. He was made to do the work every day by me. 
  3. He was made to do the work by me every day.
  4. None of these
সঠিক উত্তর:
None of these
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
None of these
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
-Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition (by, , at, to, in) বসে।

প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি Active voice এর বাক্যটি এবং Present Indefinite tense এ আছে।
- Present Indefinite tense এর Passive form কে active করার structure হলো:
- Object কে subject + auxiliary/ be verb + main verb এর base form + subject কে object.

• আবার, 
- Need, see, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold, watch প্রভৃতি verb গুলোর পর Active Voice-এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পরে to বসে।

- নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
• The correct passive form of 'I make him do the work every day.' is - He is made to do the work every day by me.
- যেহেতু অপশনে He is made to do the work every day by me - নেই, তাই সঠিক উত্তর হবে None of these.
৯১১.
A lion may be helped even by a little mouse.
  1. A little mouse may even help a lion.
  2. Even a little mouse may help a lion.
  3. A little mouse can even help a lion.
  4. Even a little mouse ought to help a lion.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Even a little mouse may help a lion.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Even a little mouse may help a lion.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Passive কে Active করতে হলে,
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি Active Voice এর subject হয় -
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb -
- Passive এর be Verb এর Form অনুযায়ী মূল Verb বসবে।
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর Object হয়ে Verb এর পরে বসবে।
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যাবে।
- অতিরিক্ত be verb (এখানে be) বাদ যাবে।

• নিয়মানুসারে -
- Passive Voice: A lion may be helped even by a little mouse.
- Active Voice: Even a little mouse may help a lion.
• Even যেহেতু a little mouse এর সাথে সম্পর্কিত, তাই এটা a little mouse এর আগে বসবে।
৯১২.
Change the voice: The basket contains freshly picked apples.
  1. Freshly picked apples are contained by the basket.
  2. Freshly picked apples are contained to the basket.
  3. Freshly picked apples are contained in the basket.
  4. Freshly picked apples are contained with the basket.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Freshly picked apples are contained in the basket.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Freshly picked apples are contained in the basket.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active: The basket contains freshly picked apples.
- Passive: Freshly picked apples are contained in the basket.

• কিছ কিছু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার ক্ষেত্রে এদের পূর্বে 'by' বসেনা।
- এ জাতীয় কিছু verb হচ্ছে - annoyed with, marvelled at, surprised at, seized with, contained in etc..

• The basket contains freshly picked apples.
- উল্লিখত বাক্যের object -freshly picked apples  বসেছে passive voice এ subject হিসেবে।
- যেহেতু বাক্যটি present indefinite tense এ গঠিত তাই মূল verb হিসেবে are বসেছে ।
- তারপর verb এর past participle form.
- এরপর in + Subject এর objective form.

• এ জাতীয় আরোও একটি উদাহরণ হচ্ছে -
- Active: Panic seized the writer.
- Passive: The writer was seized with panic.

• Active: The parcel contained important materials.
- Passive: Important materials were contained in the parcel

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain
৯১৩.
Change the voice:
Never ignore your responsibilities.
  1. Never let your responsibilities being ignored.
  2. Let never your responsibilities be ignored.
  3. Let not your responsibilities should be ignored.
  4. Let never your responsibilities ignored.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let never your responsibilities be ignored.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let never your responsibilities be ignored.
ব্যাখ্যা
- Active: Never ignore your responsibilities.
- Passive: Let never your responsibilities be ignored.

• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure: 
- প্রথমে Let Never বসে,
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল verb এর Past participle হয়।

• More examples:
- Active: Never compromise your values.
- Passive: Let never your values be compromised.
৯১৪.
She was treating the patients. (Make it Passive)
  1. ক) The patients was treating by her.
  2. খ) The patients was being treated by her.
  3. গ) The patients were treating by her.
  4. ঘ) The patients were being treated by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) The patients were being treated by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) The patients were being treated by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি past continuous tense এ আছে। 
- এই ধরণের বাক্যকে passive করার নিয়ম - 
- প্রথমে object টি subject হিসাবে বসে
- এরপর subject and tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে
- being বসে
- এরপর মূল verb এর past participle form
- subject টি object রূপে। 
সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - The patients were being treated by her.
৯১৫.
Identify the correct passive form:
Do not spill the milk.
  1. Let not the milk spilled.
  2. Let not the milk be spilled.
  3. Let not the milk to be spilled.
  4. The milk not be spelled.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the milk be spilled.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the milk be spilled.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive Voice করতে হলে – 
i) বাক্যের শুরুতে Let বসে। 
ii) Active Voice এ Do not থাকলে Passive Voice এ শুধু not বসে।
iii) Active Voice এর Object – Subject এর স্থানে বসে।
iv) be বসে।
v) মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

• Active: Do not close the door.
• Passive: Let not the door be closed.

Active: Do not spill the milk.
Passive: Let not the milk be spilled.

Options বিশ্লেষণ:

ক) Let not the milk spilled.
- “be” নেই, তাই ভুল।

গ) Let not the milk to be spilled.
- “to be” এখানে লাগবে না, শুধু be বসে।

ঘ) The milk not be spelled.
- “spelled” ভুলভাবে লেখা হয়েছে, তাছাড়া structure ভুল।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯১৬.
The doctor advised taking the medicine regularly. (Change the voice)
  1. The doctor advised the medicine should be taken regularly.
  2. The doctor advised that the medicine should be taken regularly.
  3. The doctor advised that the medicine should taken regularly.
  4. The doctor advised that the medicine have to be taken regularly.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The doctor advised that the medicine should be taken regularly.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The doctor advised that the medicine should be taken regularly.
ব্যাখ্যা
• advice/ insist/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসে, 
- gerund এর পরের object টি বসে, 
- should be বসে, 
- প্রদত্ত gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে তার past participle হয়।

Active: He suggested giving up smoking. 
Passive: He suggested that smoking should be given up.

Active: The doctor advised taking the medicine regularly.
Passive: The doctor advised that the medicine should be taken regularly.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.
৯১৭.
Who is assisting you? (Make it passive)
  1. Whom are you assisted by?
  2. By whom are you been assisted?
  3. By whom are you being assisted?
  4. Who are assisted by you?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom are you being assisted?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom are you being assisted?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active Voice: Who is assisting you?
• Passive Voice: By whom are you being assisted?

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative sentence -কে Passive Voice-এ রূপান্তর করার structure হলো:
- By whom + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + object এর subjective form + verb এর Past Participle + '?'. 
- অথবা Who + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + object এর subjective form + verb এর Past Participle + by + '?'.

Note: Auxiliary verb দুইটি হলে প্রথমটি subject -এর আগে এবং দ্বিতীয়টি subject -এর পরে বসে।

• যেমন:
- Active Voice: Who is assisting you?
- Passive Voice: By whom are you being assisted? অথবা Who is being assisted by you?

More Examples:
- Active Voice: Who is calling me?
- Passive Voice: By whom am I being called?
- Active Voice: Who is motivating me?
- Passive Voice: By whom am I being motivated?

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
৯১৮.
Habiganj grows tea. (Change the voice)
  1. ক) Tea is being grown in Habiganj.
  2. খ) Tea is grown to Habiganj.
  3. গ) Tea grows in Habiganj.
  4. ঘ) Tea is grown in Habiganj.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Tea is grown in Habiganj.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Tea is grown in Habiganj.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তর:
- Active Voice এর Subject, Passive Voice এর Verb এর Object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- Active Voice এর object, Passive Voice এর Verb এর Subject হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- Tense এবং mood অনুযায়ী be verb বসে। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- Object এর পূর্বে by (to/ with/at/in) Preposition বসে।

Example: 
Active: Habiganj grows tea.
Passive: Tea is grown in Habiganj.
৯১৯.
Do not play football at noon. (Change into passive)
  1. Let not football played at noon.
  2. Let never football be played at noon.
  3. Let not football be played at noon.
  4. Let no football be played at noon.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not football be played at noon.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not football be played at noon.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: Do not play football at noon.
Passive voice: Let not football be played at noon.

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

Other options:
ক) Let not football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে "be+ মূল Verb"-এর "Past Participle" বসে।

খ) Let never football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে "Let not" বসে।

ঘ) Let no football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে Let not বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯২০.
Choose the correct passive voice of:
"They made him finish the work."
  1. He was made finish the work by them.
  2. He was made to finish the work by them.
  3. He made to finish the work by them.
  4. He was making to finish the work by them.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was made to finish the work by them.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was made to finish the work by them.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Passive Form: "He was made to finish the work by them."

• Need, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold watch প্রভৃতি verb গুলোর পর Active voice to উহ্য থাকে। তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পরে to বসে। তবে let-এ verb টির পর Passive-এ to বক না।

Active: "They made him finish the work."
Passive: "He was made to finish the work by them."

• Other Options:
ক) He was made finish the work by them.
- In passive voice, after "made" we need "to" + base verb (infinitive).
- Here, "finish" should be "to finish".

গ) He made to finish the work by them.
- This has wrong word order and missing auxiliary "was".
- Also, "he" should not be the subject in passive here.

ঘ) He was making to finish the work by them.
- "was making" is incorrect tense and structure here.
- It also changes the meaning.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
৯২১.
Do not disturb the patient. (Passive) 
  1. Let not the patient disturbed. 
  2. Let the patient disturbed. 
  3. Let not the patient be disturbed. 
  4. Let be not the patient disturbed. 
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the patient be disturbed. 
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the patient be disturbed. 
ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct Answer: গ) Let not the patient be disturbed.

- Verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময় প্রথমে Let not বসাতে হয়।

• Imperative sentence এর Voice change এর নিয়ম:
- শুরুতে Let not বসে।
- Active voice এর object টি subject হয়।
- তারপর be বসে।
- মূল verb-এর past participle বসে।

Structure: Let not + Object-এর subject form + be + Past Participle

Active: Do not disturb the patient.
Passive: Let not the patient be disturbed.

Active: Do not waste time.
Passive: Let not time be wasted.

৯২২.
Not only the principal but also the students was laughing in the program. Which part has an error?
  1. Not only
  2. the principal
  3. but also the students
  4. was laughing
সঠিক উত্তর:
was laughing
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
was laughing
ব্যাখ্যা
- not only ... but also থাকলে but also এর পরের Noun/ pronoun (the students - plural) অনুযায়ী Verb বসবে।
পরের অংশ plural হওয়ায় এখানে was এর পরিবর্তে were বসবে।

এছাড়াও 
Neither ---- nor, either ----- or, not ---- but এগুলো দ্বারা দুটি Noun বা Pronoun যুক্ত হলে পরের subject অনুসারে Verb বসে।
যেমন-
- Neither Shahin nor Shafiq is qualified for the job.
- Either the manager or his assistants review the company's personnel needs.

• [Either/neither] + noun + [or/nor] + singular noun + singular verb.
- Neither the salesmen nor the marketing manager is in favor of the system.

• [Either/neither] + noun + [or/nor] + plural noun + plural verb.
- Neither John nor his friends are going to the beach today.

• Either ___ or, Neither ___ nor, Not only ____ but also এর সাথে দুটি Noun/ Pronoun এর মধ্যে একটি Singular ও একটি Plural হলে সাধারণত Singular টি আগে ও Plural টি পরে বসে এবং পরেরটি অনুসারেই Verb বসে।
৯২৩.
The correct sentence of the followings-
  1. A new cabinet has been sworn in Dhaka.
  2. A new cabinet has worn in Dhaka.
  3. A new cabinet has been sworn by in Dhaka.
  4. A new cabinet has sworn in Dhaka.
সঠিক উত্তর:
A new cabinet has been sworn in Dhaka.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A new cabinet has been sworn in Dhaka.
ব্যাখ্যা
Swear in (verb):
Meaning:- to induct into office by administration of an oath.
বাংলা অর্থ:- শপথ গ্রহণ করা।

- প্রশ্নের বাক্যটির সঠিক অর্থ ঢাকায় নতুন একটি মন্ত্রিপরিষদ শপথ নিয়েছে।
- লক্ষণীয়, আনুষ্ঠানিক শপথ নিজে নিজে গ্রহণ করা হয় না, অন্য আরেকজনের মাধ্যমে শপথ গ্রহণ করতে হয়।
- যেমন: প্রধানমন্ত্রী ও মন্ত্রিপরিষদের সদস্যদের রাষ্ট্রপতি শপথবাক্য পাঠ করান।

তাই এখানে বাক্যেটি active voice এ না হয়ে passive voice এ হবে।
সঠিক উত্তর - A new cabinet has been sworn in Dhaka.
৯২৪.
We selected him as the team leader. (passive)
  1. He is selected as the team leader by us.
  2. He was being selected as the team leader by us.
  3. The team leader was selected by us.
  4. He was selected as the team leader by us.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was selected as the team leader by us.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was selected as the team leader by us.
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct Passive form: ঘ) He was selected as the team leader by us.

• Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে  passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টির Subjective form +
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে +
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে +
- Factitive object টি বসে +
- by বসে +
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

• Factitive object: Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।
যেমন: We made him captain.

Source: Advanced Learner’s by Chowdhury and Hossain.
৯২৫.
Find the active form: Were you given any prize by them?
  1. Do any prize given to you by them?
  2. Did they give you any prize?
  3. Was you given any prize by them?
  4. Does any prize given to you by them?
সঠিক উত্তর:
Did they give you any prize?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Did they give you any prize?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Passive: Were you given any prize by them?
• Active: Did they give you any prize?

• Was/Were + object + past participle + by + subject? যুক্ত Passive voice -কে Active করার নিয়ম:
- Did + subject + verb (base form) + object?
- Passive Sentence টি Interrogative -এ আছে তাই Active Interrogative-ই রাখতে হবে।
- যেমন: Did they give you any prize?

• Other options:
ক) Do any prize given to you by them? → Incorrect (uses "do" with past participle "given").
গ) Was you given any prize by them? → Passive form repeated (incorrect subject-verb agreement: "was you").
ঘ) Does any prize given to you by them? → Grammatically wrong (mixes present tense "does" with past participle).
৯২৬.
'He made me drive his car' বাক্যটির Passive form হবে-
  1. ক) I am made to drive his car by him.
  2. খ) I was made driven his car to him.
  3. গ) I was made drive his car by him.
  4. ঘ) I was made to drive his car by him
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) I was made to drive his car by him
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) I was made to drive his car by him
ব্যাখ্যা
• 'He made me drive his car' বাক্যটির Passive form হবে - I was made to drive his car by him
- 'He made me drive his car.' এখানে ‘make’ verb এর পরে ‘to’ bare infinitive উহ্য আছে।
- কিন্তু Passive voice এ এটা bare infinitive থাকবেনা, to যুক্ত infinitive হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হবে।

তাই সঠিক voice change হলো - I was made to drive his car by him
৯২৭.
In each of the following questions, a sentence has been given in Active voice. Out of the four alternatives suggested select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Passive voice (Qs. 28-29).
The Pizza tastes incredible.
  1. The pizza is tastes incredible as it is tasted.
  2. The pizza is incredible when is tasted.
  3. The pizza is incredible as if tasted.
  4. The pizza is incredible if tasted.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The pizza is incredible if tasted.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The pizza is incredible if tasted.
ব্যাখ্যা
• সঠিক passive voice টি হবে - The pizza is incredible if tasted.

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি একটি Quasi-passive sentence.
- যে sentence গঠনে active কিন্তু অর্থে passive বা অন্যের দ্বারা সংঘটিত হয় এমন বোঝায়, তাকে Quasi-passive sentence বলে।
- এই ধরনের sentence কে কয়েকভাবে passive করা যায়।
যেমন: 
1. Active এর এর subject টিই passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + adjective টি বসে + If + মূল verb এর past participle.
Active: The Pizza tastes incredible.
Passive: The pizza is incredible if tasted.

2) Active voice এর subject টিই passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + adjective টি বসে + when/if + প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী it/they বসে + আবারো tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + মূল verb এর past participle. 
Active: The pizza tastes incredible.
Passive: The pizza is incredible when it is tasted.
অথবা, The pizza is incredible if it is tasted.

3) Active এর এর subject টিই passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb এর past participle +  adjective টি বসে।
Active: The pizza tastes incredible.
Passive: The pizza is tasted incredible.
৯২৮.
Choose the correct passive form of ''Which book do you want?''
  1. ক) Which book has wanted by you?
  2. খ) Which book is wanted by you?
  3. গ) Which book had wanted by you?
  4. ঘ) Which book was wanted by you?
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Which book is wanted by you?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Which book is wanted by you?
ব্যাখ্যা
কোনো interrogative sentence যদি What দিয়ে শুরু হয় তাহলে passive voice- এ রুপান্তর করার structure হবে : what +   be verb + verb এর past participle +  by + sub?.

সুতরাং, এর সঠিক passive form হবে - What was wanted by you?

তবে কোনো interrogative sentence যদি Which দিয়ে শুরু হয় তাহলে passive voice- এ রুপান্তর করার structure হবে : which + subject + be verb + verb এর past participle + object + ?.

যেমনঃ
Active voice : Which book do you want?
Passive voice : Which book is wanted by you?
৯২৯.
(Qs. 16-18): In each of the following questions, a sentence has been given in Active voice. Select the best one which expresses the same sentence in Passive voice.
Who taught him these skills?
  1. By who he was taught these skills?
  2. By whom was he taught these skills?
  3. Who was she taught these skills by?
  4. By whom was she taught these skills?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was he taught these skills?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was he taught these skills?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active: Who taught him these skills?
• Passive: By whom was he taught these skills?

• Who যুক্ত interrogative sentence - এর active voice - কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Who - এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমেই By whom বসবে।
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসবে।
- তারপর active voice- এর object টি passive voice - এর subject হবে।
- তারপর মূল verb - এর past participle বসবে + বাকি অংশ।
- Sentence টি interrogative sentence - এ-ই থাকবে, তাই শেষে interrogative চিহ্ন “?” বসবে।

• Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb + subject + V3 + ?

• Note: Auxiliary verb দুইটি হলে প্রথমটি subject-এর আগে এবং দ্বিতীয়টি subject-এর পরে বসে।

• More example:
- Active voice: Who did the sum?
- Passive voice: By whom was the sum done?

Source: A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
৯৩০.
Change the voice: "The novel was acclaimed as a masterpiece."
  1. We acclaimed the novel as masterpiece.
  2. The novel was acclaimed as a masterpiece.
  3. The novel was being acclaimed as a masterpiece.
  4. People acclaimed the novel as a masterpiece.
সঠিক উত্তর:
People acclaimed the novel as a masterpiece.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
People acclaimed the novel as a masterpiece.
ব্যাখ্যা
Passive Voice: The novel was acclaimed as a masterpiece.
Active Voice: People acclaimed the novel as a masterpiece.

• আমজনতার সাথে Related কাজ হলে Subject হিসেবে People বসাতে হবে।
→ প্রথমে People বসাতে হবে।
→ মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb 'was' বাদ যাবে।
→ মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb এর গঠন অনুযায়ী মূল Verb বসবে।
→  Subject টি Object হবে।
→ বাকি অংশ বসবে।

More Example:
Passive Voice: He was called wise.
Active Voice: People called him wise.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
৯৩১.
Change the voice:
Who was telling the story?
  1. To whom the story being told?
  2. Whom was telling the story?
  3. By whom was the story being told?
  4. By whom the story being told?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the story being told?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the story being told?
ব্যাখ্যা

→ প্রশ্নে প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি Active voice এ আছে। 

• Who-যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence-কে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- Who-এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে +
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে +
- Objectটি Subject হয় +
- অনেক সময় Tense অনুযায়ী, কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয় +
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle হয় +
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

Active: Who was telling the story?
Passive: By whom was the story being told? 

আরো কিছু উদাহরণ— 
Active: Who wrote this book?
Passive: By whom was this book written?

Active: Who is taking the photos?
Passive: By whom are the photos being taken?

Active: Who will help you with this project?
Passive: By whom will you be helped with this project?

৯৩২.
'They have played Cricket.' (make it passive)
  1. ক) Cricket have being played by them.
  2. খ) Cricket has been played by them.
  3. গ) Cricket had been playing by them.
  4. ঘ) Cricket had been played by them.
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Cricket has been played by them.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Cricket has been played by them.
ব্যাখ্যা
- উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের correct passive form হচ্ছে Cricket has been played by them.

• উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নটি Present perfect tense.
• Present perfect tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম -
- Object এর subject হবে + number ও person অনুসারে have been/ has been বসবে + verb এর past participle form হবে + by + subject এর object বসবে।
Example:
Active: They have played Cricket.
Passive: Cricket has been played by them.
৯৩৩.
The authority decided to close the factory. (Make it passive) 
  1. The factory was decided to close by the authority. 
  2. The factory should closed by the authority. 
  3. The authority decided the factory to be closed. 
  4. The authority decided that the factory should be closed. 
সঠিক উত্তর:
The authority decided that the factory should be closed. 
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The authority decided that the factory should be closed. 
ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: The authority decided to close the factory.
Passive Voice: The authority decided that the factory should be closed.

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- তারপর that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- তারপর  should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

৯৩৪.
His mind was filled with an obdurate pride. (Make it active)
  1. ক) Someone filled his mind with an obdurate pride.
  2. খ) An obdurate pride fill his mind.
  3. গ) An obdurate pride fills his mind.
  4. ঘ) An obdurate pride filled his mind.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) An obdurate pride filled his mind.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) An obdurate pride filled his mind.
ব্যাখ্যা
এখানে by এর পরিবর্তে with আছে। তাই এখানে an obdurate pride ই Active Voice এ Subject হবে।
৯৩৫.
What is the active form of: "The letter is being written by John."?
  1. John wrote the letter.
  2. John writes the letter.
  3. John is writing the letter.
  4. John has written the letter.
সঠিক উত্তর:
John is writing the letter.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
John is writing the letter.
ব্যাখ্যা
সঠিক উত্তর: গ) John is writing the letter.

- Passive: The letter is being written by John. (চিঠিটি জন দ্বারা লেখা হচ্ছে)

• Present Continuous Passive থেকে Active:
- Passive গঠন: Object + is/are + being + past participle + by + subject.
- Active গঠন: Subject + is/are + verb+ing + object

রূপান্তর প্রক্রিয়া:
- The letter (passive এর subject) → the letter (active এর object)
- by John (passive এর agent) → John (active এর subject)
- is being written (passive verb) → is writing (active verb)
Tense চিহ্নিত করা: "is being written" = Present Continuous Passive অতএব Active হবে = Present Continuous Active.

তাই নিয়ম অনুসারে Correct Answer: গ) John is writing the letter.

অন্যান্য অপশনের ব্যাখ্যা:
ক) John wrote the letter. - এটি Simple Past Tense কিন্তু original sentence Present Continuous.
খ) John writes the letter. এটি Simple Present Tense Original sentence continuous action দেখাচ্ছে।
ঘ) John has written the letter. এটি Present Perfect Tense, Original sentence এ এখনো কাজ চলমান।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.
৯৩৬.
The teacher will be teaching the students. (Make it passive.)
  1. The students will teach by the teacher.
  2. The students will being taught by the teacher.
  3. The students will be being taught by the teacher.
  4. The students will taught by the teacher.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The students will be being taught by the teacher.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The students will be being taught by the teacher.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Structure (Active Voice):
- Subject + shall/will + be + V1 + ing + Object.
- Example: She will be cooking rice.
• Structure (Passive Voice):
- Object (as new subject) + shall/will + be + being + V3 (past participle) + by + Agent (original subject).
- Example: Rice will be being cooked by her.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
৯৩৭.
Wash the clothes. [Passive]
  1. Let the clothes have been washed.
  2. Let the clothes being washed.
  3. Let the clothes to be washed.
  4. Let the clothes be washed.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let the clothes be washed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let the clothes be washed.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Imperative Sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে,
শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
i) প্রথমে Let বসে +
ii) Object টি Subject রূপে বসে +
iii) be বসে +
iv) Verb এর past participle বসে।

Active: Open the door in the living room.
Passive: Let the door in the living room be opened.

Active: Wash the clothes.
Passive: Let the clothes be washed.

৯৩৮.
Shut the door বাক্যটির passive voice কোনটি?
  1. ক) You should shut the door.
  2. খ) Let the door should be shut for me.
  3. গ) Let the door be shut for me.
  4. ঘ) Let the door shut for me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let the door be shut for me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let the door be shut for me.
ব্যাখ্যা

•Shut the door r = দরজাটি বন্ধ করো। 
বাক্যটি imperative sentence.

• যে Sentence দ্বারা কোন আদেশ, উপদেশ, নিষেধ, অনুরোধ ইত্যাদি বোঝায় তাকেই Imperative sentence বা অনুজ্ঞাসূচক বাক্য বলে। এই ধরনের বাক্যে Subject (you) গোপন থাকে। Imperative sentences express request, order, advice, command, and suggestion.

 Imperative Sentence এর Voice change করার ক্ষেত্রে-
1. Let নিতে হয় ।
2. Object নিতে হয় ।
3. Be নিতে হয় ।
4. মূল verb এর past participle নিতে হয় ।
• সে অনুসারে Let the door be shut for me. হবে। 
৯৩৯.
Transform the given sentence from active to passive voice: 'She is to attend the meeting.'
  1. She must be attend the meeting.
  2. The meeting is to be attended by her.
  3. The meeting is attended by her.
  4. Let the meeting is to be attended by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The meeting is to be attended by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The meeting is to be attended by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active voice: She is to attend the meeting.
Passive Voice: The meeting is to be attended by her. 
 
• am to/ is to/ are to/ have to / has to যুক্ত বাক্যকে Voice change করার নিয়ম: 
Active voice এ am to/ is to/ are to/ have to / has to ইত্যাদি থাকলে Passive Voice এ am to/ is to/ are to/ has to / have to এর পরে be বসে এবং be এর পরে মূল verb এর Past Participle form হবে।
যেমন, 
Active: I am to do it.
Passive: It is to be done by me.

Source: Live MCQ English Wizard, Saleh Ahmed, Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition.
৯৪০.
Let the girl sing a song. The correct active voice of this sentence is -
  1. ক) Let a song been sung by the girl.
  2. খ) Let a song be sang by the girl.
  3. গ) Let a song be sung by the girl.
  4. ঘ) Let a song being sung by the girl.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let a song be sung by the girl.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let a song be sung by the girl.
ব্যাখ্যা
- The correct Active voice of this sentence is - Let a song be sung by the girl.

• Let যুক্ত imperative বাক্যের passive গঠন -
Let + object টির subject হয় + be + v3 (past participle) + by + let পরবর্তী ব্যক্তিবাচক object.
Example:
Active: Let the girl sing a song.
Passive:  Let a song be sung by the girl.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury & Hussain.
৯৪১.
Change the following sentence into passive form: One should do one's duty.
  1. One's duty should be done.
  2. Duty should be done.
  3. Duty should be done by oneself.
  4. Duty be done by oneself.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Duty should be done.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Duty should be done.
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
• Active Voice এ Subject হিসেবে People ,one ইত্যাদি থাকলে Passive করার সময় People / one বাদ দিতে হয়।
- পাশাপাশি object অংশে one's + noun থাকলে passive থাকলে one's কে অ বাদ দিতে হয়। 

- নিয়মানুযায়ী,

Active: One should do one's duty.
Passive: Duty should be done.

আবার,
Active: One can achieve success by one’s sincere efforts.
Passive: Success can be achieved by sincere efforts.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
৯৪২.
The correct passive of ''Sheila was writing a letter'' is -
  1. A letter was written by Sheila
  2. A letter was being writing by Sheila
  3. A letter was being written by Sheila
  4. A letter was been written by sheila
সঠিক উত্তর:
A letter was being written by Sheila
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A letter was being written by Sheila
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Silia was writing a letter.
Passive Voice: A letter was being written by Silia.

• Past Continuous Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম: 
- Object টি subject হয়, 
- was being/were being বসে, 
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে, 
- by বসে, 
- Subject টির objective form বসে। 

• Structure: 
- Object টির subjective form + was being/were being + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject এর objective form.
৯৪৩.
The passive voice of: "Who is ringing me?"
  1. By whom am being I ringed?
  2. By whom am I being rung?
  3. By whom I am being rang?
  4. Who was being rung me?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom am I being rung?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom am I being rung?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice: Who is ringing me?
• Passive voice: By whom am I being rung?

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence -এর Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Who -এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- তারপর tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- Auxiliary Verb দুইটি হলে প্রথমটি subject -এর আগে এবং দ্বিতিয়টি subject -এর পরে বসে।
- Active voice -এর object টি passive voice -এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- মূল verb -এর past participle +(?) বসে।

• More examples:
- Active: Who gave you this book?
- Passive: By whom were you given this pen?

Source: A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
৯৪৪.
What has Suma prepared? [Passive]
  1. What was prepared by Suma?
  2. What had prepared by Suma?
  3. What has been prepared by Suma?
  4. What had been prepared by Suma?
সঠিক উত্তর:
What has been prepared by Suma?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
What has been prepared by Suma?
ব্যাখ্যা

• What যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:

- What প্রথমে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Subject টির objective form বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক (?) চিহ্ন বসে।

Active: What has Ripa done?
Passive: What has been done by Ripa?

Active: What has Suma prepared?
Passive: What has been prepared by Suma?

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৪৫.
The passive form of the sentence, "Who did the work?" is -
  1. Who was the work done?
  2. Whom had the work done by?
  3. By whom was the work done?
  4. By whom the work was done?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the work done?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the work done?
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: গ) By whom was the work done?

Interrogative এর Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
• Who - এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমেই By whom বসবে।
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসবে।
- তারপর active voice- এর object টি passive voice - এর subject হবে।
- তারপর মূল verb - এর past participle বসবে।
- Sentence টি interrogative sentence - এ-ই থাকবে, তাই শেষে interrogative চিহ্ন '?'  বসবে।

Passive voice structure (Interrogative):
- By whom + auxiliary verb (was) + subject (object of active) + past participle + ?

অন্য অপশনগুলো:
ক) By whom the work was done?
- Interrogative structure ভুল।
- Question form এ auxiliary verb আগে আসে।

খ) Whom had the work done by?
- ভুল tense এবং structure.

ঘ) Who was the work done? 
- অর্থ ও structure—দুটোই ভুল।
-"Who" ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে, কিন্তু passive voice-এ subject “by whom” হওয়া উচিত।
- "by" preposition নেই।

আরও কিছু উদাহরণ:
Active voice: Who did the sum?
Passive voice: By whom was the sum done?

Active: Who did the work?
Passive: By whom was the work done? 

Active: Who wrote this book?
Passive: By whom was this book written?

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৪৬.
The author dedicated his new book to his wife.
What is the passive voice form of the above sentence?
  1. His wife was dedicated the new book to by the author.
  2. The new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
  3. To his wife was dedicated the new book by the author.
  4. His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
সঠিক উত্তর:
His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
ব্যাখ্যা

Double object যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম: 
1) দুটি object এর যেকোন একটিকে passive voice এর subject করতে হয় (তবে ব্যক্তিবাচক অর্থাৎ Indirect object- কে subject করাই শ্রেয়) + 
2) Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + 
3) প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে + 
4) প্রদত্ত বাকী object টি বসে + 
5) by বসে + 
6) প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject টি object রূপে বসে।

Examples - 
Active: He won't give you any chance.
Passive: You won't be given any chance by him.

Active: The company offered the new employees excellent benefits.
Passive: Excellent benefits were offered to the new employees by the company.

Active: The jeweler promised the bride a beautiful ring.
Passive: A beautiful ring was promised to the bride by the jeweler.

So, the correct passive form - His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.

৯৪৭.
You should open the wine about five hours before you use it. (Passive)
  1. Wine should be opened about five hours before use.
  2. Wine should be opened by you five hours before use.
  3. Wine should be opened about five hours before it is used.
  4. Wine should be opened about five hours before you use it.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Wine should be opened about five hours before it is used.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Wine should be opened about five hours before it is used.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: You should open the wine about five hours before you use it.
Passive Voice: Wine should be opened about five hours before it is used. (অপশন 'গ')

• প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির দুইটি অংশ।
• 'before' conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত রয়েছে। দুইটি clause কেই আলাদা ভাবে passive voice- এ রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
• about five hours = object agent হিসেবে অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় বসেছে।

প্রথম অংশ:
→ Active Voice: You should open the wine.
→ Passive Voice: Wine should be opened.

দ্বিতীয় অংশ:
→ Active Voice: You use it.
→ Passive Voice: It is used.
৯৪৮.
Her decision shocked me. (Passive)
  1. I shocked at her decision.
  2. I was shocked with her decision.
  3. I had been shocked at her decision.
  4. I was shocked at her decision.
সঠিক উত্তর:
I was shocked at her decision.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
I was shocked at her decision.
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense- এ রয়েছে।

Past Indefinite Tense যুক্ত বাক্যকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
→ Active Voice এর object প্রথমে বসে।
→ Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb হয়।
→ মূল verb এর Past Participle form বসে।
→ by বসে।
→ এরপর Active Voice- এর subject + extension বসে।

→ সাধারণত Passive Voice এর Verb এর Past Participle এর পর by বসলেও  Active Voice- এ 'shock' verb হিসাবে থাকলে এবং verb টির পর বস্তু বুঝালে 'at' বসে।

Active Voice: Her decision shocked me.
Passive Voice: I was shocked at her decision.
৯৪৯.
'The glass must have been broken by Jony.' (Make it active)
  1. ক) Jony must have broken the glass.
  2. খ) The glass was broken by Jony.
  3. গ) Jony must have been broken by the glass.
  4. ঘ) Jony might have broken the glass.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Jony must have broken the glass.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Jony must have broken the glass.
ব্যাখ্যা

Passive structure যদি Subject + Modal auxiliary + have been + v3 + by + object হয় তাহলে active form হবে -
Subject (object থেকে আসা) + Modal auxiliary + have + v3 + object.
অতএব, প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির active form: Jony must have broken the glass.

৯৫০.
Who has painted this picture? (Make it passive)
  1. By whom has this picture being painted?
  2. By whom this picture has been painted?
  3. By whom has this picture be painted?
  4. By whom has this picture been painted?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom has this picture been painted?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom has this picture been painted?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়। 
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে  be/being/been বসাতে হয়। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে। 

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
Active Voice: Who has painted this picture?
Passive Voice: By whom has this picture been painted?

Example:
Active Voice: Who will clean the room?
Passive Voice: By whom will the room be cleaned?

Active Voice: Who teaches the children?
Passive Voice: By whom are the children taught?

Active Voice: Who is preparing the dinner?
Passive Voice: By whom is the dinner being prepared?
৯৫১.
You are requested to enter the house by this gate. (Make it active)
  1. May you enter the house by this gate.
  2. Kindly, enter the house by this gate.
  3. You must enter the house by this gate.
  4. You have to enter the house by this gate.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Kindly, enter the house by this gate.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Kindly, enter the house by this gate.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম: 
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি  Active Voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর base form হয়,
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর object হয়,
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যায়।

 • Passive voice এ “You are requested to” থাকলে active voice এ please/ kindlily ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - Kindly, enter the house by this gate.
৯৫২.
Change the voice of the following sentence:
Rupa had cooked biryani.
  1. Biryani could be been cooked by Rupa.
  2. Biryani have been cooked by Rupa.
  3. Biryani had been cooked by Rupa.
  4. Biryani was cooked by Rupa.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Biryani had been cooked by Rupa.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Biryani had been cooked by Rupa.
ব্যাখ্যা
সঠিক উত্তর গ) Biryani had been cooked by Rupa.

• Past Perfect Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরির্তন করার নিয়ম-
(a) Object টি Subject হয়+
(b) had been বসে+
(c) মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে+
(d) by বসে এবং Subject টির Objective form বসে।

Structure: Object টির Subjective form + had been +মূল Verb এর Past Participle + by + Subject টির Objective form.

Examples:
Active: I had written the letter.
Passive: The letter had been written by me.
Active: We had dug the canal.
Passive: The canal had been dug by us.

Source: Advanced Learner’s by Chowdhury and Hossain.
৯৫৩.
Change the voice: She has made us do the chores.
  1. We have been made to be done the chores by her.
  2. We have been made doing the chores by her.
  3. We have been made to do the chores by her.
  4. We have been made done the chores by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
We have been made to do the chores by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
We have been made to do the chores by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রশ্নোক্ত বাক্যটি Present perfect Tense এ আছে এবং এটি Causative verb made যোগে গঠিত।

• Make, need, dare, bare, hear, feel, know ইত্যাদি causative verb গুলোর পর active voice এ bare infinitive হয় অর্থাৎ to ঊহ্য থাকে। 
- কিন্তু passive- এ পরিবর্তন করবার সময় তাদের পর to বসাতে হয়। 

• Causative verb যুক্ত বাক্যটির passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- object কে  sub + auxiliary verb + causative verb - এর past participle form + to +  মুল verb + by + sub কে object.

• আবার, Present perfect Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম -
- Object টি subjective form + have been/ has been + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject এর objective form.

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, সঠিক উত্তর হবে - 
Active Voice: She has made us do the chores.
Passive Voice: We have been made to do the chores by her.
৯৫৪.
Change the voice: Do not underestimate your abilities.
  1. Let your abilities not been underestimated.
  2. Let not your abilities being underestimated.
  3. Let not your abilities underestimated.
  4. Let not your abilities be underestimated.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not your abilities be underestimated.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not your abilities be underestimated.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active Voice: Do not underestimate your abilities.
Passive Voice: Let not your abilities be underestimated.
৯৫৫.
Never reveal the secret. (Change the voice)
  1. Never let reveal the secret be.
  2. Let not the secret never be revealed.
  3. Let not the secret ever be revealed.
  4. Let never the secret revealed.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the secret ever be revealed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the secret ever be revealed.
ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Never reveal the secret.
- Passive: Let not the secret ever be revealed.
 
• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure: 
- প্রথমে Let Never/Let not বসে,
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে,
- be/ever be বসে,
- মূল verb এর Past participle হয়।

• Structure-1: Let not + Object + ever be + V3.
• Structure-2: Let never + Object + be + V3.

• More examples:
- Active: Never ignore your responsibilities.
- Passive: Let never your responsibilities be ignored.

৯৫৬.
The passive form of: Jannat is drawing on the wall.
  1. The wall is drawn on by Jannat.
  2. The wall is being drawn on by Jannat.
  3. The wall is being drawn by Jannat.
  4. The wall has been being drawn on by Jannat.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The wall is being drawn on by Jannat.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The wall is being drawn on by Jannat.
ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Jannat is drawing on the wall.
- Passive: The wall is being drawn on by Jannat.

• Assertive sentence -এর Active voice থেকে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Active voice -এর object Passive voice -এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- Passive voice -এ present continuous -এর auxiliary verb হিসেবে am/is/are being বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয় (verb -এর সাথে সংযুক্ত preposition টি বসে)।
-অর্থাৎ, verb টি যদি phrasal verb হয় তাহলে তার সাথে সংযুক্ত preposition সব সময় verb এর সাথে বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition হিসেবে সাধারণত by বসে।

৯৫৭.
Who inspired you to pursue a photography career? (Make it passive)
  1. Whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  2. By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  3. By whom you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  4. Who was inspired by you to pursue a photography career? 
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Who inspired you to pursue a photography career?
Passive Voice: By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 

- Active Voice-টি Past Indefinite Tense- এ আছে। এবং এটি Interrogative Sentence.

Who-যুক্ত Sentence-কে Interrogative করার নিয়ম:
- Who-এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে +
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে +
- Objectটি Subject হয় +
- অনেক সময় Tense অনুযায়ী, কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয় + 
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle হয় +
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
৯৫৮.
Kaiser Haque read the novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah. Turn the sentence into passive voice.
  1. The novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah was read by Kaiser Haque.
  2. The novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah is read by Kaiser Haque.
  3. The Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah was read the novel “Paradise” by Kaiser Haque.
  4. The Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah is read the novel “Paradise”by Kaiser Haque.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah was read by Kaiser Haque.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah was read by Kaiser Haque.
ব্যাখ্যা

প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি Past Simple Tense আছে এখানে verb টি past form এ আছে ৷ লক্ষনীয় read এর সাথে “s” যুক্ত হয়নি ৷ Simple Past Tense এর নিয়ম অনুযায়ী Passive Voice এ be verb হিসেবে was বসেছে ৷ আর main verb এর Past Participle হিসেবে read বসেছে ৷ এখানে আরো লক্ষণীয় যে, এই বাক্যের Subject হচ্ছে Kaiser Haque এবং object হচ্ছে the novel “Paradise” by the Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah ৷

৯৫৯.
Write your name on top of the paper. (Make it passive)
  1. Let your name is written on top of the paper.
  2. Let your name be written on top of the paper.
  3. Let your name being written on top of the paper.
  4. Let your name been written on top of the paper.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let your name be written on top of the paper.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let your name be written on top of the paper.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active: Write your name on top of the paper. (Make it passive)
- Passive: Let your name be written on top of the paper.

• Write your name on top of the paper.
- এক্ষেত্রে মূল বাক্যটিকে ধরতে হবে, 'Write your name', তারপর প্রথমে Let যোগ করতে হবে, 
- Object → Subject হবে 'your name'
- অতিরিক্ত একটি be verb হিসেবে be বসবে।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle - written বসবে।
- Extension হিসেবে - "on top of the paper" বসবে।
৯৬০.
Change the voice: 
We know that success depends on hard work.
  1. Success is known by us that depends on hard work.
  2. It is known to us that success depends on hard work.
  3. That success is known by us depends on hard work.
  4. We are known that success depends on hard work.
সঠিক উত্তর:
It is known to us that success depends on hard work.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
It is known to us that success depends on hard work.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct Answer: খ) It is known to us that success depends on hard work.

• Voice change of Complex Sentence

- Complex Sentence এর Voice পরিবর্তন করতে Principal ও Subordinate উভয় প্রকার Clause এরই পরিবর্তন করতে হয়।
- এরূপ ক্ষেত্রে কখনো কখনো Introductory 'It' ব্যবহার করতে হয়। যেমন:

- We know that Colombus discovered America.
- It is known to us that America was discovered by Colombus.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

৯৬১.
You are requested not to park in this area. (make it active)
  1. Stop parking in this area.
  2. Kindly not park in this area.
  3. Do not park in this area.
  4. Please do not park in this area.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Please do not park in this area.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Please do not park in this area.
ব্যাখ্যা
 • Passive voice এ “You are requested to” থাকলে active voice এ please/ kindly ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- সুতরাং, passive থেকে active করার সময় requested থাকলে তা বাদ যাবে এবং এর বদলে please/ kindly ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - Please do not park in this area.

• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম: 
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি  Active Voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর base form হয়,
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর object হয়,
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যায়।

৯৬২.
Who did you ultimately support? (Make it Passive)
  1. By whom were you ultimately supported?
  2. Who was ultimately supported by you?
  3. Who did ultimately be supported by you?
  4. By whom you were ultimately supported?
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who was ultimately supported by you?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who was ultimately supported by you?
ব্যাখ্যা
এখানে who হচ্ছে Object. 
বাক্যটির বাংলা অর্থ - তুমি পরিশেষে কাকে সমর্থন করেছিলে?
নিয়ম অনুযায়ী -
- Passive করলে who আবার Subject হয়ে বসবে।
- Auxiliary Verb হিসেবে did থাকলে Passive Voice এ তা বাদ পড়ে এবং এর জায়গায় was/ were বসে। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসবে। 
- by বসবে। 
- Subject – Object হয়ে বসে।

সুতরাং সঠিক উত্তরটি হয় - Who was ultimately supported by you?
৯৬৩.
The correct passive of 'Medha was writing a letter'.
  1. ক) A letter was written by Medha
  2. খ) A letter was being written by Medha
  3. গ) A letter was being writing by Medha
  4. ঘ) A letter was been written by Medha
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) A letter was being written by Medha
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) A letter was being written by Medha
ব্যাখ্যা
A letter [obj~ sub]‌‌‌ + was being written [ was+verb(ing) ~ was being+v3 ] +by Medha [ sub ~ by+object ].
৯৬৪.
Change the voice- 'Do not shut the door'.
  1. The door do not be shuted by you.
  2. The door do not be shut shut by you.
  3. Let not the door be shut.
  4. None
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the door be shut.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not the door be shut.
ব্যাখ্যা

Do not দিয়ে Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let not দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।

Active Voice: Do not shut the door.
Passive Voice: Let not the door be shut.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৬৫.
He had completed the work. (Passive)
  1. The work had completed by him.
  2. The work had been complete by him.
  3. The work had been completing by him.
  4. The work had been completed by him.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work had been completed by him.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The work had been completed by him.
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - ঘ) The work had been completed by him.

Past Perfect Tense-এর Active থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম
Active Voice-এর Object কে Passive Voice-এ Subject হিসেবে বসে।
এর পরে had been বসবে।
তারপর মূল verb-এর Past Participle হবে।
এরপর by বসে।
সবশেষে Active Voice-এর Subject কে Objective form-এ বসাতে হবে।

Structure (Passive Voice):
Object (Subjective form) + had been + Past Participle of Main Verb + by + Subject (Objective form)

Examples:
Active: I had written the letter.
Passive: The letter had been written by me.

Active: We had dug the canal.
Passive: The canal had been dug by us.

Other options

ক) The work had completed by him.
এখানে had completed passive ভুল ফর্ম; “been” প্রয়োজন। 

খ) The work had been complete by him.
এখানে complete adjective আকারে আছে; past participle (completed) প্রয়োজন। 

গ) The work had been completing by him.
এখানে completing continuous form, যা passive এ ব্যবহার হয় না।

৯৬৬.
Let it be done. (Make it active)
  1. Let me do it.
  2. It is done by me.
  3. Do it.
  4. Let it be done by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Do it.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Do it.
ব্যাখ্যা
• এ ধরনের imperative sentence কে active form এ রূপান্তরের ক্ষেত্রে -
- Let বাদ যাবে,
- be done এর active form হিসেবে do বসবে।
- এবং it - object হিসেবে বসবে।
- সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - Do it.

==================

• Verb দ্বারা আরম্ভ হওয়া imperative sentence কে passive voice করার নিয়ম হলো
- let + object + be + verb এর past participle বসে।
যেমন- 
- Active: Do it. 
- Passive: Let it be done.
৯৬৭.
Correct passive form of the sentence. ''The boy pleased us'' is-
  1. ক) We were pleased by the boy.
  2. খ) We were pleased with the boy.
  3. গ) We were pleased to the boy.
  4. ঘ) We were pleased at the boy.
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) We were pleased with the boy.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) We were pleased with the boy.
ব্যাখ্যা
Passive voice এ pleased শব্দটির সাথে preposition হিসেবে by না বসে with বসে।
তাই সঠিক উত্তর অপশন (খ)।
৯৬৮.
Collected honey is stored in the hive. (Make it active)
  1. The bee collected honey in the hive.
  2. The bee stores collected honey in the hive.
  3. The bees stores collected honey in the hive.
  4. Bees stores collected honey in the hive.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The bee stores collected honey in the hive.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The bee stores collected honey in the hive.
ব্যাখ্যা
• এখানে Subject নেই, তাই বাক্যের চাহিদা অনুযায়ী Subject আনা হয়েছে The bee. 

তাছাড়া,
জাতিবাচক Noun এর সঠিক রূপ হচ্ছে
(a + singular)
(the + singular)
a ও the ছাড়া শুধু plural.

আর Singular/ Plural অনুযায়ী Verb বসবে।
৯৬৯.
Identify the correct passive voice:
They have completed the task.
  1. The task completed.
  2. The task was completed.
  3. The task has been completed.
  4. The task is completed.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The task has been completed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The task has been completed.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct answer: The task has been completed.

- They have completed the task.
- মূল বাক্যটি present perfect tense (“They have completed”).
- Present perfect passive tense গঠন হয়: has/have + been + past participle.
- তাই “The task has been completed” সঠিক passive form.

Other options:
ক) ভুল, কারণ এটি শুধু past participle, tense প্রকাশ করে না।

খ) past simple passive,

 ঘ) present simple passive, কিন্তু এখানে context present perfect tense.

Source: A Passage To The English Language. S. M. Zakir Hussain.

৯৭০.
Change the voice: Whom are they talking with?
  1. Whom is talked to by them?
  2. Who is being talked to by them?
  3. By whom are they talked to?
  4. Who has been talked to by them?
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who is being talked to by them?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who is being talked to by them?
ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Whom are they talking with?
- Passive: Who is being talked to by them?

• Whom যুক্ত interrogative sentence -এর Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Whom-এর পরিবর্তে Who বসাতে হবে।
- বাক্যের Subject এবং Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- শেষে by যোগ করে Active Voice-এর Subject-এর Object Form যোগ করতে হবে।
- বাক্যটি Question Mark (?) দিয়ে শেষ করতে হবে।

• Structure:
- Who + auxiliary verb (tense অনুযায়ী) + verb-এর past participle + by + object + ?

• More Examples:
- Active: Whom are they looking for?
- Passive: Who is being talked to by them?

৯৭১.
Change the voice: The students were discussing the topic.
  1. The topic was discussed by the students.
  2. The topic were being discussed by the students.
  3. The topic was being discussed by the students.
  4. The topics were being discuss by the students.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The topic was being discussed by the students.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The topic was being discussed by the students.
ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: The students were discussing the topic.
- Passive: The topic was being discussed by the students.

• Past continuous tense (was/were) এর ক্ষেত্রে Active থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object → subject হয়।
- Subject ও tense অনুযায়ী was being/ were being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Subject → object হয়।

• More Examples:
- Active: They were flying kites.
- Passive: Kites were being flown by them.

৯৭২.
The Passive form of this sentence "I shall help you." is -
  1. You would be helped by me.
  2. You will be helped by me.
  3. I should helped you.
  4. You will have helped by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
You will be helped by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
You will be helped by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,

• Future indefinite tense জাতীয় বাক্যের passive from হবে:
- প্রথমে Object এর subjective form বসে।
- auxiliary verb (shall/will) বসে।
- be বসে।
- verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by/at/with বসে।
- Subject এর objective form বসে।

সেই অনুসারে সঠিক উত্তর - You will be helped by me.

More Example:
Active: I shall do the work.
Passive: The work will be done by me.
৯৭৩.
Change the voice: “English is spoken all over the world”
  1. All the English speak English all over the world.
  2. People speak English all over the world.
  3. English is spoken by the people all over the world.
  4. English is spoken by the English all over the world.
সঠিক উত্তর:
People speak English all over the world.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
People speak English all over the world.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Sentence- ক্রিয়ার কর্তা দেয়া না থাকলে Passive থেকে Active করার সময় একটি সুবিধাজনক কর্তা - যেমন: someone, somebody, people, the authority ইত্যাদি ধরে নিতে হয়।
- তাই কাজ অনুযায়ী Subject আনা হয়েছে people. আর এটা Plural হওয়ায় সে অনুযায়ী Verb বসবে।
- সে অনুসারে সঠিক উত্তর: People speak English all over the world.
৯৭৪.
The company was reviewing the policy. (Make it passive)
  1. The policy was reviewed by the company.
  2. The policy were being reviewed by the company.
  3. The policy was been reviewed by the company.
  4. The policy was being reviewed by the company.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The policy was being reviewed by the company.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The policy was being reviewed by the company.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active: The company was reviewing the policy.
Passive: The policy was being reviewed by the company.

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

• The company was reviewing the policy - বাক্যটি Past Continuous tense এ আছে।
- এই sentence টির passive voice এর structure হবে: Sub + am/is/are/was/were + being + verb in past participle. 
- তাই এর সঠিক passive form হবে: The policy was being reviewed by the company.
৯৭৫.
The best passive form of the sentence: 'We don't like idle people'-
  1. We are not liked by idle people
  2. Idle people are not liked by us
  3. Idle people are not of our liking
  4. Idle people are not like us
সঠিক উত্তর:
Idle people are not liked by us
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Idle people are not liked by us
ব্যাখ্যা
• উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি Present indefinite tense এ রয়েছে।
- Present indefinite tense যুক্ত negative বাক্যের Passive voice এর গঠন করার নিয়ম - 
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে।
- এরপর  subject ও tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
-  not + verb এর past participle form হয়।
- by + object.

• তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক Passive form টি হবে - Idle people are not liked by us.
৯৭৬.
'I have a cat'. Make it Passive.
  1. A cat is being had by me.
  2. A cat has been had by me.
  3. A cat have been had by me.
  4. A cat is had by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
A cat is had by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A cat is had by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• এই প্রশ্নটি ইংরেজি ভাষার passive voice সম্পর্কে। সাধারণত, active voice-এ কোনো বাক্যে কর্তা (subject) কাজটি করে এবং ক্রিয়া (verb) দ্বারা কর্ম (object) প্রভাবিত হয়। উদাহরণস্বরূপ: "I have a cat." এখানে "I" (কর্তা) কাজটি করছে এবং "a cat" (কর্ম) প্রভাবিত হচ্ছে।

- Passive voice-এ এই বাক্যটি এমনভাবে পরিবর্তিত হয় যে, কর্মটি (যেটি পূর্বে প্রভাবিত ছিল) এখন বাক্যের প্রধান অংশ হয় এবং কর্তা দ্বিতীয় স্থান পায়।

উদাহরণ:
- Active voice: "I have a cat."
- Passive voice: "A cat is had by me."
৯৭৭.
The active form of:
By whom was the window broken?
  1. By whom the window broken?
  2. Who had broken the window?
  3. Who broke the window?
  4. Who has broken the window?
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who broke the window?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Who broke the window?
ব্যাখ্যা
- Passive: By whom was the window broken?
- Active: Who broke the window?

• By whom যুক্ত Passive Voice-কে Active Voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject হিসেবে Who বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
- Passive Voice -এর Subject - Object হয়ে বসবে।

• More examples:
- Passive: By whom was this picture painted?
- Active: Who painted this picture?

- Passive: By whom was the decision made?
- Active: Who made the decision?
৯৭৮.
The task has been completed by him. (Active)
  1. He has completed the task.
  2. He completed the task.
  3. He has complete the task.
  4. He has been completed the task.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He has completed the task.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He has completed the task.
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ Passive Voice কে Active Voice করতে হলে সাধারণত ৫টি কাজ করতে হয়।
1. Object → Subject হবে আর Subject Object হবে।
২. মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb ছাড়া যদি অন্য কোন Auxiliary Verb থাকে, তাহলে সেটা বসবে ।
৩. মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb বাদ যাবে।
৪. মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb এর গঠন অনুযায়ী মূল Verb বসবে।
৫. একটি Preposition (by / to / with/ at/ in) বাদ যাবে।

Passive: The task has been completed by him.
Active: He has completed the task.
৯৭৯.
Choose the correct passive form of:
My son bought a new Motor Bike.
  1. ক) My son did buy a new motor bike.
  2. খ) A new motor bike had been bought by my son.
  3. গ) A new motor bike been bought by my son.
  4. ঘ) A new motor bike was bought by my son.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) A new motor bike was bought by my son.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) A new motor bike was bought by my son.
ব্যাখ্যা
Past indefinite tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
Object টি subjective form + was/were + মূল verb এর past participle + by/to/with/in etc + subject এর objective form.
So, Active Voice: My son bought a new Motor Bike.
Passive Voice: A new motor bike was bought by my son.
৯৮০.
Tell her to wait here. (make it passive)
  1. ক) Let her told to wait here.
  2. খ) Let her be told to waiting here.
  3. গ) Let her be told to wait here.
  4. ঘ) Let her being told to wait here.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let her be told to wait here.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Let her be told to wait here.
ব্যাখ্যা
- প্রদত্ত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর হচ্ছে Let her be told to wait here.

• Active থেকে passive করার structure:
- Let + subject + be + v3 (past participle)
Example:
- Active: Tell her to wait here.
- Passive: Let her be told to wait here.

Source: SSC Programme, Open University.
৯৮১.
She played on the flute. Passive form is —
  1. The flute was played by her.
  2. The flute was played on by her.
  3. The flute was played to her.
  4. The flute was being played by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The flute was played on by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The flute was played on by her.
ব্যাখ্যা

→[45 BCS Preliminary]

• Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে এবং মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in বসে।

• Past Indefinite Tense এর active voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় was/were + verb এর Past Participle বসে। 
- তাই was/were + verb এর Past Participle যুক্ত Passive Voice এর Active Voice Past Indefinite Tense এ হবে। 

•  মূল বাক্য past indefinite এবং বাক্যটির object 'The flute'.
- Passive voice করার ক্ষেত্রে 'The flute'- বাক্যের শুরুতে আসবে এবং এর পরে Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb 'was' বসবে।
- Auxiliary verb- এর পরে মূল verb এর Past Participle 'played' এবং এর সাথে 'on' বসবে।
- বাক্যটির Subject 'She' Passive voice- এ তা Object রূপে her হিসেবে বসবে।
- 'Her'- এর পূর্বে 'by' বসবে।

Active: She played on the flute.
Passive: The flute was played on by her.

৯৮২.
Choose the correct passive form of the sentence 'He will help me.'
  1. ক) I shall be helped by him.
  2. খ) I shall be being helped by him.
  3. গ) I have been helped by him.
  4. ঘ) I shall have been helped by him.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) I shall be helped by him.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) I shall be helped by him.
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির সঠিক passive form হবে - I shall be helped by him.

• Future Indefinite tense এর Active voice থেকে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Active voice এর object টির subject রুপে বসবে।
- will be / shall be বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।
- by বসবে।
- subject টির objective form বসবে।

Structure: object টির subject রুপ + will be / shall be + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject টির objective form হবে।


Source: Advanced Learner's HSC by Chowdhury & Hossain.
৯৮৩.
Who wrote this novel? (Make it passive)
  1. By whom is this novel written?
  2. By whom was this novel written? 
  3.  By whom has this novel been written?
  4. By whom has this novel wrote? 
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was this novel written? 
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was this novel written? 
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct Answer: খ) By whom was this novel written?

Active: Who wrote this novel?
Passive: By whom was this novel written?

- প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি "Past Indefinite Tense" এর হওয়ায় এখানে was এর পর মূল Verb এর Past Participle হয়েছে।

• Who দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া interrogative sentence কে passive করতে হলে:
- Who এর স্থানে By whom বসে।
- এরপর বাক্যটির tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary/ be verb/model verb বসে।
- তারপর subject বসে।
- Model verb এর ক্ষেত্রে Model verb + Subject+ be + মূল Verb এর Past participle বসে।
- এবং অন্যক্ষেত্রে Auxiliary verb +Subject+ মূল Verb এর Past participle বসে।
- এবং সবশেষে object বসবে।
- Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb/modal verb + Subject + verb এর past participle রূপ + object.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৮৪.
"Who put the cup here"? The correct passive voice of this sentence is-
  1. By whom the cup was putted here?
  2. By whom was the cup was putted here?
  3. By whom the cup was put here?
  4. By whom was the cup put here?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the cup put here?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom was the cup put here?
ব্যাখ্যা
• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, প্রদত্ত প্রশ্নের সঠিক - By whom was the cup put here?

• Who যুক্ত Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময় -
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে।
- Object টির Subject রূপ বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

• যেমন who did this এর passive voice হবে By whom was this done?
- তেমনি ভাবে, Who planted this tree here? এর passive voice হবে - By whom was the cup put here??
৯৮৫.
Change the voice.'They greet me cheerfully every morning'.
  1. ক) Every morning I was greeted cheerfully.
  2. খ) I am greeted cheerfully by them every morning.
  3. গ) I am being greeted cheerfully by them every morning.
  4. ঘ) Cheerfully greeting is done by them every morning.
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) I am greeted cheerfully by them every morning.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) I am greeted cheerfully by them every morning.
ব্যাখ্যা

প্রদত্ত sentence টি Present Indefinite tense এ আছে।
Present Indefinite Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
Object টি subject হয় + am/is/are বসে + মূল verb এর past participle বসে + by বসে + subject টির objective form বসে।

Active: They greet me cheerfully every morning.
Passive: I am greeted cheerfully by them every morning.

Source: Advanced Learner’s English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৮৬.
Change the voice of the following sentence -
She is reading a novel.
  1. A novel was read by her.
  2. A novel is read by her.
  3. A novel is being read by her.
  4. A novel has been read by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
A novel is being read by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A novel is being read by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
• The correct Passive voice is “A novel is being read by her.”

• The sentence “She is reading a novel” এই বাক্যটি Present Continuous Tense-এ আছে।
- Passive Voice-এ এই গঠন অনুসরণ করা হয়: Object + is/am/are + being + past participle + by + subject.
- এখানে ‘a novel’ একবচন, তাই ‘is being’ ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে।
- Read’ এর past participle আবার ‘read’ -ই, তবে উচ্চারণ ভিন্ন।
- তাই সঠিক Passive Voice হলো: “A novel is being read by her.”

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.
৯৮৭.
The passive voice of: "Who is knocking at the door?"
  1. By whom the door being knocked at?
  2. By whom is the door being knocked at?
  3. Who is at the door being knocked?
  4. To whom is the door being knocked by?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom is the door being knocked at?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom is the door being knocked at?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice: Who is knocking at the door?
• Passive voice: By whom is the door being knocked at?

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence -এর Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Who -এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- তারপর tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- Auxiliary Verb দুইটি হলে প্রথমটি subject -এর আগে এবং দ্বিতিয়টি subject -এর পরে বসে।
- Active voice -এর object টি passive voice -এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- মূল verb -এর past participle + verb -এর সাথে সংযুক্ত preposition + (?) বসে।

• More examples:
- Active: Who is calling me?
- Passive: By whom am I being called?

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
৯৮৮.
Find out the correct passive form of the sentence 'We have played football.'
  1. ক) Football has been played by us.
  2. খ) Football had played by us.
  3. গ) Football have been playing by us.
  4. ঘ) Football has played by us.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Football has been played by us.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Football has been played by us.
ব্যাখ্যা
- উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের correct passive form হচ্ছে Football has been played by us.

• উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নটি Present perfect tense.
Present perfect tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম -
Object এর subject হবে + number ও person অনুসারে have been/ has been বসবে + verb এর past participle form হবে + by + subject এর object বসবে।
Example:
Active: We have played football.
Passive: Football has been played by us.
৯৮৯.
Don't skip dinner. (Make it passive)
  1. Let not dinner being skipped.
  2. Let not dinner be skiped.
  3. Let not dinner be skipped.
  4. Let not dinner skipped.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not dinner be skipped.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let not dinner be skipped.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Don't skip dinner.
Passive Voice: Let not dinner be skipped.

• Imperative Sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে, শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
i) প্রথমে Let বসে +
ii) Object টি Subject রূপে বসে +
iii) be বসে + (Negative Sentence হলে 'be' এর পূর্বে not বসে)
iv) Verb এর past participle বসে।
৯৯০.
Choose the correct passive form of:
They rely on honesty in their business.
  1. Honesty relied on in their business.
  2. Honesty be relied in their business.
  3. Honesty should be relied in their business.
  4. Honesty is relied on in their business.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Honesty is relied on in their business.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Honesty is relied on in their business.
ব্যাখ্যা
- Active: They rely on honesty in their business.
- Passive: Honesty is relied on in their business.

• Assertaive sentence -এর Active voice থেকে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Active voice -এর object Passive voice -এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয় (verb -এর সাথে যুক্ত preposition টি বসে)।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition হিসেবে সাধারণত by বসে।
- তবে context অনুযায়ী by + objective form (by+them) উহ্যও রাখা যায়।
- বাকি অংশ বসে।

• More examples:
- Active: They insist on honesty in the workplace.
- Passive: Honesty is insisted on in the workplace.
৯৯১.
Change the voice: “She has made the cake.”
  1. The cake is being made by her.
  2. The cake had made by her.
  3. The cake has being made by her.
  4. The cake has been made by her.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The cake has been made by her.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The cake has been made by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active voice: She has made the cake.
Passive voice: The cake has been made by her.

- “She has made the cake.” - এই বাক্যটি present perfect tense এবং assertive sentence -এ আছে।
- Present perfect tense - এ থাকা assertive sentence -এর active voice - কে passive voice করার নিয়ম হলো -

•Active voice- এর object হবে passive voice - এর subject.
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসবে এবং মূল verb - এর past participle বসবে।
- তারপর preposition (by, with, to, at, in etc. বসবে)।
- এরপর active voice- এর subject টি passive voice - এর object হবে; (objective ফর্ম বসবে)।
- এখানে preposition - by যোগে active voice- এর subject ‘she’ - এর objective ফর্ম her বসেছে।

•তাই নিয়ম অনুসারে সঠিক passive form হবে - The cake has been made by her.

- Source: A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
৯৯২.
Finish your homework on time. (Make it passive)
  1. Let your homework to be finished on time.
  2. You should finished your homework on time.
  3. Let your homework be finished on time.
  4. You should finish your homework on time.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let your homework be finished on time.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let your homework be finished on time.
ব্যাখ্যা
• শুধু মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া  Imperative sentence কে Active voice থেকে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসবে।
- Active voice এর object টির subject রুপে বসবে।
- be বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

Structure: Let + object টির subject হয় + be + মূল verb এর past participle.

Active: Finish your homework on time
Passive: Let your homework be finished on time.
৯৯৩.
Change the voice: We saw him cross the street.
  1. He was seen cross the street by us.
  2. He was seen to be cross the street by us.
  3. He was seen to cross the street by us.
  4. He was seen crossed the street by us.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was seen to cross the street by us.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was seen to cross the street by us.
ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: We saw him cross the street.
- Passive: He was seen to cross the street by us.

• Need, bid, dare, let, make, know, see, hear, feel, watch, behold, ইত্যাদি verb গুলোর পর Active voice এর ‘to’ উহ্য থাকে। 
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পর 'to' বসে।

• নিয়মানুযায়ী,
- Object -কে Subject করতে হবে।
-  Tense ও subject অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb (was) বসে।
- তারপর মূল Verb -এর Past Participle বসবে।
- তারপর Active voice -এ  উহ্য থাকা to বসবে।
- তারপর বাকি অংশ বসবে।
- শেষে by + Active voice -এর Subject টি Object হবে।

More examples:
- Active: Our parents made us study hard.
- Passive: We were made to study hard by our parents.

- Active: She felt the ground shake beneath her feet.
- Passive: The ground was felt to shake beneath her feet by her.

৯৯৪.
Change the voice: I gave Rima a pen.
  1. A pen was given Rima by me.
  2. A pen was given to Rima by me.
  3. Rima is given a pen by me.
  4. A pen was to given Rima by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
A pen was given to Rima by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A pen was given to Rima by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
‎♦ Voice 

• Double object যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম: 
- দুটি object এর যেকোন একটিকে passive voice এর subject করতে হয় 
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে  
- প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে 
- ব্যক্তিবাচক pronoun হলে তার আগে to বসাতে হবে।
- প্রদত্ত বাকী object টি বসে 
- by বসে 
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject টি object রূপে বসে।

Active: I gave Rima a pen.
Passive: A pen was given to Rima by me.
or 
Rima was given a pen by me.
৯৯৫.
We elected him captain. [Passive]
  1. He elected captain. 
  2. He was elected captain to us. 
  3. He was elected captain by us. 
  4. He was elected captain on us. 
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was elected captain by us. 
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was elected captain by us. 
ব্যাখ্যা

• Factitive object, Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।
যেমন: We made him captain.

Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টি Subject +
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে +
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে +
- Factitive object টি বসে +
- by বসে +
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

Active: We elected him captain.
Passive: He was elected captain by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English grammar and composition by Chowdhury & Hussain.

৯৯৬.
Change into indirect speech: ‘Are you alone, my son?’ asked a soft voice close behind me
  1. ক) What I was doing there alone was asked by a soft voice.
  2. খ) A soft voice told me as his son and asked whether I was alone.
  3. গ) A soft voice from my behind asked me if I was alone.
  4. ঘ) Addressing me as his son, a soft voice asked if I was alone.
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Addressing me as his son, a soft voice asked if I was alone.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Addressing me as his son, a soft voice asked if I was alone.
ব্যাখ্যা

Direct speech এ My son দ্বারা সম্বোধন করা বোঝানোর কারণে Addressing me as his son ব্যবহৃত হবে ।

৯৯৭.
Who has completed the assignment? (passive)
  1. By whom has the assignment been completed?
  2. By whom has the assignment being completed?
  3. By whom has the assignment be completed?
  4. By whom has the assignment to be completd?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom has the assignment been completed?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom has the assignment been completed?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়। 
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে  be/being/been বসাতে হয়। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে। 

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
Active Voice: Who has answered the question?
Passive Voice: By whom has the question been answered?

Active Voice: Who has completed the assignment?
Passive Voice: By whom has the assignment been completed?
৯৯৮.
Do not shut the door. (Do Passive)
  1. ক) Let not the door will be shut.
  2. খ) Let not the door be shut.
  3. গ) Let the door be shut.
  4. ঘ) Let not the door had been shut.
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Let not the door be shut.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Let not the door be shut.
ব্যাখ্যা
- উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের Correct Passive Voice হচ্ছে Let not the door be shut..

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Let not + object এর subject + be + verb এর past participle form.
Example:
Active: Do not shut the door.
Passive: Let not the door be shut.

Active: Do not close the door.
Passive: Let not the door be closed.
৯৯৯.
Their comment offended me deeply. (Make it passive)
  1. I was offended deeply to their comment.
  2. I was offended deeply of their comment.
  3. I was offended deeply by their comment.
  4. I was offended deeply at their comment.
সঠিক উত্তর:
I was offended deeply by their comment.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
I was offended deeply by their comment.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active: Their comment offended me deeply.
Passive: I was offended deeply by their comment.

• Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয়
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb
- মূল verb এর past participle
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to ,in) বসে
১,০০০.
'My watch has been lost'. Change the sentence into active.
  1. ক) Someone lost my watch.
  2. খ) My watch has lost.
  3. গ) I have lost my watch.
  4. ঘ) I have lost my watch by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) I have lost my watch.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) I have lost my watch.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম: 
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি  Active Voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর base form হয়,
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর object হয়,
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যায়।

• প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যে এখানে Subject নেই, যেহেতু পরবর্তীতে my watch  আছে তাই এখানে Subject – I হবে।
- অতএব, প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির active form: I have lost my watch.