৪০১.
MW of Albumin
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
69000
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
69000
PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন
Physiology
Physiology
PrepBank · পাতা ৫ / ৯ · ৪০১–৫০০ / ৮৮৮
ক
৪০২.
Maturation of the erythroblast involves except:
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Decreased condensation and finally pyknosis of the nucleus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Decreased condensation and finally pyknosis of the nucleus
ব্যাখ্যা
Increased condensation and finally pyknosis of the nucleus
৪০৩.
Lysis of blood clots by;
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Plasmin
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Plasmin
৪০৪.
Non-chromosomal DNA found in-
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mitochondria
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mitochondria
৪০৫.
Which organelle is important in specialized cellular signalling?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Mitochondria
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Mitochondria
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
Cells contain a variety of organelles that perform specialized cell functions. The nucleus is an organelle that contains DNA and is the site of gene transcription. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus are important in protein processing and the targeting of proteins to correct compartments within the cell. Lysosomes and peroxisomes are membranebound organelles that contribute to protein and lipid processing. Mitochondria are organelles that allow for oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and also are important in specialized cellular signaling.
Cells contain a variety of organelles that perform specialized cell functions. The nucleus is an organelle that contains DNA and is the site of gene transcription. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus are important in protein processing and the targeting of proteins to correct compartments within the cell. Lysosomes and peroxisomes are membranebound organelles that contribute to protein and lipid processing. Mitochondria are organelles that allow for oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells and also are important in specialized cellular signaling.
৪০৬.
Factors increase prolactin secretion?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Estrogen
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Estrogen
৪০৭.
Which stimulates secretion of uterine milk?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Progesterone
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Progesterone
৪০৮.
The decrease in O2 affinity of hemoglobin when the pH of blood falls is called the
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Bohr Effect
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Bohr Effect
ব্যাখ্যা
[Ganong 24th p-643]
৪০৯.
Accessory digestive organs excludes
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mouth
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mouth
ব্যাখ্যা
Accessory digestive organs are those which help primary digestive organs in the process of digestion. Accessory digestive organs are:
• Teeth
• Tongue
• Salivary glands
• Exocrine part of pancreas
• Liver
• Gallbladder
৪১০.
Nerve cells in the anterior gray columns
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Multipolar
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Multipolar
ব্যাখ্যা
Nerve cells in the anterior gray columns
• Large & multipolar and Axons pass out in the anterior nerve roots as a-efferents
• Smaller nerve cells are multipolar and Axons pass out in anterior roots as y- efferents
• Large & multipolar and Axons pass out in the anterior nerve roots as a-efferents
• Smaller nerve cells are multipolar and Axons pass out in anterior roots as y- efferents
৪১১.
Bifid broad P wave indicates hypertrophy of
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Left atrium
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Left atrium
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
'P' wave may become tall peaked or broad and bifid (notched)
Tall, peaked: right atrial hypertrophy
Bifid broad: left atrial hypertrophy
৪১২.
Manifestations of shock includes all of the following except?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Decrease in respiratory rate
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Decrease in respiratory rate
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
Manifestations of shock
• Decrease in cardiac output
• Low blood pressure
• Rapid thready pulse
• Pale and cold skin
• Increase in respiratory rate
• Restless or lethargy
৪১৩.
Urine volume can be as low as ... L/day in a dehydrated person?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
0.5
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
0.5
ব্যাখ্যা
306
Urine volume can be as low as 0.5 L/day in a dehydrated person or as high as 20 L/day in a person who has been drinking tremendous amounts of water.
৪১৪.
At a normal heart rate, the duration(second) of ventricular systole is
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) 0.3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) 0.3
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
At a normal heart rate the duration of systole and diastole are:
Atrial systole: 0.1 second
Atrial diastole: 0.7 second
Ventricular systole: 0.3 second
Ventricular diastole: 0.5 second
৪১৫.
RBCs
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Disk shaped
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Disk shaped
৪১৬.
Receptor for pain
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Free nerve endings
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Free nerve endings
৪১৭.
New olfactory area
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Orbitofrontal Cortex
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Orbitofrontal Cortex
৪১৮.
Vasogenic shock excludes
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Surgical shock
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Surgical shock
৪১৯.
Effect of exercise on cardiac output excludes
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Decrease venous return and thus stroke volume
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Decrease venous return and thus stroke volume
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
Effect of exercise on cardiac output
Exercise increase cardiac output and it is proportionate exercise intensity. The responses to exercise are:
• Positive chronotropism (i.e. increase heart rate)
• Positive inotropism (i.e. increase myocardial contractility)
• Increase venous return and thus stroke volume
• Decrease in total peripheral resistance
৪২০.
Which of the following hormone is called “Stress Hormone”?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Cortisol
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Cortisol
ব্যাখ্যা
Cortisol is stress hormone
৪২১.
Ghrelin is released by the
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Stomach
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Stomach
ব্যাখ্যা
Ghrelin is released by the stomach.
৪২২.
A 32-year-old builder presents in accident and emergency in a distressed state. He reports suffering from chest pain for the last 2 weeks, the pain is sharp and only occurs when he moves heavy objects. He has a family history of cardiovascular disease and is worried about a heart attack. His blood gas findings are as follows: pH = 7.47; PCO2 = 3.3; PO2 = 15.3; bicarbonate = 17.53. The most likely diagnosis is:
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Acute respiratory alkalosis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Acute respiratory alkalosis
ব্যাখ্যা
The history in this case suggests the patient's chest pain is due to muscular injury rather than anything more sinister. The patient's anxiety about cardiovascular morbidity has ultimately resulted in hyperventilation causing an acute respiratory alkalosis . Acid base abnormalities can be solved by either considering the Henderson-Hasselbach equation (CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → H+ + HCO3-), whereby change in the product(s) on one side of the equation is balanced by a shift in equilibrium. For example, in this case the patient's hyperventilation causes a reduction in CO2, in order to increase the CO₂ the equilibrium shifts towards CO₂ + H₂O which causes a reduction in H+ (alkalosis) and HCO3-. This process occurs in respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation (C). If the patient had a true cardiac arrest it would cause a surge in lactic acidosis hence H+ concentration increases causing a metabolic acidosis (B). In order to balance this change, the equilibrium shifts away from H+ and causes increased CO2 production which can manifest as an increased respiratory rate, otherwise called 'metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation' (D). In a respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation (A) scenario, a patient may have a respiratory abnormality such as chronic hypoventilation. The accumulation of CO2 which leads to increased H+ is compensated for by bicarbonate which is subsequently reduced. In more chronic conditions, the bicarbonate becomes elevated.
৪২৩.
Vit-k dependent blood clotting factors exclude:
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Fibrinogen
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Fibrinogen
ব্যাখ্যা
Vit-k dependent blood clotting factors
1. Factor ll(prothrombin)
2. Factor Vll
3. Factor IX
4. Factor X
1. Factor ll(prothrombin)
2. Factor Vll
3. Factor IX
4. Factor X
৪২৪.
The second heart sound is caused by
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves.
৪২৫.
Causes of eosinophilia:
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Malaria
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Malaria
৪২৬.
In clonus which of the following motor activity is increased?
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
gamma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
gamma
৪২৭.
Types of RNA excludes:
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
n RNA
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
n RNA
ব্যাখ্যা
RNA three types
Messenger RNA , Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA
Messenger RNA , Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA
৪২৮.
At high altitude there is increase in
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Plasma HCO3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Plasma HCO3
৪২৯.
Highest oxygen consumption per 100 gm tissue
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Heart
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Heart
৪৩০.
Incorrect about serum
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Contains fibrinogen
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Contains fibrinogen
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
Serum contains no fibrinogen
Serum contains no fibrinogen
৪৩১.
Root value of knee jerk
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) L2-L4
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) L2-L4
৪৩২.
Hormone act by cGMP mechanism
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ANP
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ANP
৪৩৩.
Normal quiet breathing is accomplished almost entirely by movement of the
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Diaphragm
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Diaphragm
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 491
৪৩৪.
Contraction of medial rectus helps in accommodation of eye by
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Convergence of eyeball
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Convergence of eyeball
৪৩৫.
Cell membrane is semipermeable because of having
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Protein
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Protein
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
The cell and the intracellular organelles are surrounded by semipermeable membranes. Biological membranes have a lipid bilayer core that is populated by structural and functional proteins. These proteins contribute greatly to the semipermeable properties of biological membrane.
The cell and the intracellular organelles are surrounded by semipermeable membranes. Biological membranes have a lipid bilayer core that is populated by structural and functional proteins. These proteins contribute greatly to the semipermeable properties of biological membrane.
৪৩৬.
Which is nuclear maturation defect anemia?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Refractory anemia
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Refractory anemia
৪৩৭.
Which promotes development of female breast & secretion of milk?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Prolactin
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Prolactin
৪৩৮.
Dandy walker malforamtion is associated with
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
4th ventricle
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
4th ventricle
৪৩৯.
Clinical safe range of pH is
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
7.3-7.5
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
7.3-7.5
ব্যাখ্যা
Clinical safe range of pH is 7.3-7.5
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P:342
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P:342
৪৪০.
Slow fibre has
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
More mitochondria
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
More mitochondria
ব্যাখ্যা
Fast Fibers (Type II, White Muscle)
The following are characteristics of fast fibers:
1. Fast fibers are large for great strength of contraction.
2. Fast fibers have an extensive sarcoplasmic reticulum for rapid release of calcium ions to initiate con- traction.
3. Large amounts of glycolytic enzymes are present in fast fibers for rapid release of energy by the glycolytic process.
4. Fast fibers have a less extensive blood supply than slow fibers because oxidative metabolism is of sec- ondary importance.
5. Fast fibers have fewer mitochondria than slow fibers, also because oxidative metabolism is secondary.
A deficit of red myoglobin in fast muscle gives it the name white muscle.
The following are characteristics of fast fibers:
1. Fast fibers are large for great strength of contraction.
2. Fast fibers have an extensive sarcoplasmic reticulum for rapid release of calcium ions to initiate con- traction.
3. Large amounts of glycolytic enzymes are present in fast fibers for rapid release of energy by the glycolytic process.
4. Fast fibers have a less extensive blood supply than slow fibers because oxidative metabolism is of sec- ondary importance.
5. Fast fibers have fewer mitochondria than slow fibers, also because oxidative metabolism is secondary.
A deficit of red myoglobin in fast muscle gives it the name white muscle.
৪৪১.
During normal quiet respiration---------------------of the total energy expended by the body is required for pulmonary ventilation.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
only 3% to 5%
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
only 3% to 5%
ব্যাখ্যা
Energy Required for Respiration.
During normal quiet respiration, only 3% to 5% of the total energy expended by the body is required for pulmonary ventilation. However, during heavy exercise, the amount of energy required can increase as much as 50-fold, especially if the person has any degree of increased airway resistance or decreased pulmo- nary compliance. Therefore, one of the major limitations on the intensity of exercise that can be performed is the person's ability to provide enough muscle energy for the respiratory process alone.
During normal quiet respiration, only 3% to 5% of the total energy expended by the body is required for pulmonary ventilation. However, during heavy exercise, the amount of energy required can increase as much as 50-fold, especially if the person has any degree of increased airway resistance or decreased pulmo- nary compliance. Therefore, one of the major limitations on the intensity of exercise that can be performed is the person's ability to provide enough muscle energy for the respiratory process alone.
৪৪২.
Excess Catecholamine causes-
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Phaeochromocytoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Phaeochromocytoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Phaeochromocytoma is a catecholamine secreting tumor.
৪৪৩.
Multiple myeloma is associated with
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
All
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
All
৪৪৪.
Ep is used in
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
All
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
All
ব্যাখ্যা
Erythropoietin is produced by interstitial cells in the peritubular capillary bed of the kidneys and by perivenous hepatocytes in the liver. It is also produced in the brain, where it exerts a protective effect against excitotoxic damage triggered by hypoxia; and in the uterus and oviducts, where it is induced by estrogen and appears to mediate estrogen-dependent angiogenesis.
The gene for the hormone has been cloned, and recombinant erythropoietin produced in animal cells is available for clinical use as epoetin alfa.
The recombinant erythropoietin is of value in the treatment of the anemia associated with kidney failure; 90% of the patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis are anemic as a result of erythropoietin deficiency. Erythropoietin is also used to stimulate red cell production in individuals who are banking a supply of their own blood in preparation for autologous transfusions during elective surgery (see Chapter 31).
The gene for the hormone has been cloned, and recombinant erythropoietin produced in animal cells is available for clinical use as epoetin alfa.
The recombinant erythropoietin is of value in the treatment of the anemia associated with kidney failure; 90% of the patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis are anemic as a result of erythropoietin deficiency. Erythropoietin is also used to stimulate red cell production in individuals who are banking a supply of their own blood in preparation for autologous transfusions during elective surgery (see Chapter 31).
৪৪৫.
Cell membrane is semipermeable because of having
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Protein
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Protein
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
The cell and the intracellular organelles are surrounded by semipermeable membranes. Biological membranes have a lipid bilayer core that is populated by structural and functional proteins. These proteins contribute greatly to the semipermeable properties of biological membrane.
The cell and the intracellular organelles are surrounded by semipermeable membranes. Biological membranes have a lipid bilayer core that is populated by structural and functional proteins. These proteins contribute greatly to the semipermeable properties of biological membrane.
৪৪৬.
Hematopoietic function of cortisol is to increase count of
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
erythrocyte
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
erythrocyte
ব্যাখ্যা
Hematopoietic function of cortisol
· BEL ↓ (basophil, Eosinophil, Lymphocyte)
· PEN ↑ (Platelet, erythrocyte, neutrophil)
· BEL ↓ (basophil, Eosinophil, Lymphocyte)
· PEN ↑ (Platelet, erythrocyte, neutrophil)
৪৪৭.
Which cell of the pancreas secrets amylin
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Beta
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Beta
৪৪৮.
Stimuli that inhibit gastrin secretion
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Somatostatin
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Somatostatin
ব্যাখ্যা
Somatostatin inhibits gastrin secretion.
৪৪৯.
Which of the following is the site of Na+–bile acid cotransport?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Ileum
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Ileum
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation-
★Bile salts are recirculated to the liver in the enterohepatic circulation via a Na+–bile acid cotransporter located in the ileum of the small intestine.
Reference-BRS physiology/6th/P-212/Fig-6.12
★Bile salts are recirculated to the liver in the enterohepatic circulation via a Na+–bile acid cotransporter located in the ileum of the small intestine.
Reference-BRS physiology/6th/P-212/Fig-6.12
৪৫০.
Pathological causes of sinus bradycardia exclude
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Pregnancy
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Pregnancy
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
Pathological causes of sinus bradycardia
• Hypothermia
• Hypothyroidism
• Myocardial infraction
• Raised intracranial pressure
• Cholestatic jaundice
• Drugs (beta-blockers, digoxin, antiarrhythmic drugs)
৪৫১.
A raised blood pH & Bicarbonate level is consistent with-?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Persistant vomiting of gastric content
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Persistant vomiting of gastric content
ব্যাখ্যা
Metabolic effects of prolonged vomiting are-
-Metabolic alkalosis
-Hypovolemia leading to lactic acidosis
-Hypokalemia
-Hypochloremia
-Paradoxical aciduria
-Compensatory hypoventilation
৪৫২.
Following which is most important control system under negative feedback mechanism-?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Blood pressure control system
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Blood pressure control system
ব্যাখ্যা
Blood pressure regulation is the most important Which is regulated by negative feedback mechanism.
৪৫৩.
A 56-year-old man, diagnosed with emphysema, presents with a one-month history of jaundice and ascites. Your registrar suspects that this patient may have liver disease secondary to a₁-antitrypsin deficiency. Select the most likely mode of inheritance from the list below:
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Autosomal recessive
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Autosomal recessive
ব্যাখ্যা
a₁-antitrypsin deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder (C), which results from single amino acid substitutions at positions 264 and 342 on chromosome 14. ₁-antitrypsin is a serine protease, synthesized in the liver, required in controlling inflammatory cascades. The lack of this serine protease results in emphysema (75 per cent), chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, asthma, pancreatitis, gallstones, Wegener's granulomatosis.
Patients with liver disease secondary to d₁-antitrypsin deficiency usually present with dyspnoea (from emphysema), liver cirrhosis, cholestatic jaundice. Investigations include: serum a₁-antitrypsin levels, liver biopsy, genetic phenotyping and DNA analysis at prenatal diagnosis. Management involves quitting smoking, augmentation therapy with α₁-antitrypsin pooled from human plasma and liver transplantation is the treatment of choice in decompensated cirrhosis.
Patients with liver disease secondary to d₁-antitrypsin deficiency usually present with dyspnoea (from emphysema), liver cirrhosis, cholestatic jaundice. Investigations include: serum a₁-antitrypsin levels, liver biopsy, genetic phenotyping and DNA analysis at prenatal diagnosis. Management involves quitting smoking, augmentation therapy with α₁-antitrypsin pooled from human plasma and liver transplantation is the treatment of choice in decompensated cirrhosis.
৪৫৪.
Erythropoietin is secreted by-?
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Cells in the peritubular capillary bed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Cells in the peritubular capillary bed.
ব্যাখ্যা
Erythropoietin is produced by interstitial cells in the peritubular capillary bed of the kidneys and by perivenous hepatocytes in the liver.
৪৫৫.
Fructose as a component of semen if derived from secretion of
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Seminal vesicle
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Seminal vesicle
৪৫৬.
Not correct about Graves’ disease
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Corneal xerosis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Corneal xerosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Graves’ disease
Definition: It is an autoimmune disease in which circulating antibodies are formed against the TSH receptor and activates the thyroid gland hyperactive, resulting in development of goiter and hypersecretion of T3 & T4
More common in women
Clinical features:
1. Goiter with bruit
2. Exophthalmos-protrusion of the eye ball (it is the hallmark of Graves' disease)
3. Retraction of upper eye lid, lid lag
4. Corneal ulceration
5. Diplopia
6. Ophthalmoplegia
7. Papilledema
8. Loss of visual acuity
9. Vitiligo
10. Digital clubbing
11. Pretibial myxedema
Definition: It is an autoimmune disease in which circulating antibodies are formed against the TSH receptor and activates the thyroid gland hyperactive, resulting in development of goiter and hypersecretion of T3 & T4
More common in women
Clinical features:
1. Goiter with bruit
2. Exophthalmos-protrusion of the eye ball (it is the hallmark of Graves' disease)
3. Retraction of upper eye lid, lid lag
4. Corneal ulceration
5. Diplopia
6. Ophthalmoplegia
7. Papilledema
8. Loss of visual acuity
9. Vitiligo
10. Digital clubbing
11. Pretibial myxedema
৪৫৭.
A 58-year-old man has made an excellent functional recovery after an anterior MI. He is entirely asymptomatic and there is no abnormality on physical examination. His blood pressure is 134/78 mmHg and he is undertaking a cardiac rehabilitation programme. Which of the following would you not recommend as part of his secondary prevention planning?
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Omega-3 fatty acids
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Omega-3 fatty acids
ব্যাখ্যা
There is strong clinical trial evidence for the other four classes of drugs (A-D), although it is not clear how long the duration of therapy should be in each case. This benefit is applicable to normotensive patients with 'normal' LDL levels, although what constitutes normal in this case is controversial. Targets are likely to be reduced in the near future. One clinical trial did appear to shown additional benefit for the omega-3 fatty acids this was in a population where few were receiving statins. Subsequent data have not supported their routine use.
৪৫৮.
TCA cycle is inhibited by
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Citrate
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Citrate
ব্যাখ্যা
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P: 152
TCA cycle
Inhibition- ATP, NADH, Citratrate
Stimulation- ADP, NAD,Insulin
TCA cycle
Inhibition- ATP, NADH, Citratrate
Stimulation- ADP, NAD,Insulin
৪৫৯.
Fluid output through sweat (ml) in normal condition?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) 100
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) 100
৪৬০.
Inhibitory neurotransmitter
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) GABA
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) GABA
৪৬১.
Can be measured by spirometry
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Vital capacity
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Vital capacity
ব্যাখ্যা
Volume, which cannot be measured by spirometry, is the residual volume. Capacities, which include residual volume also cannot be measured. Capacities that include residual volume are functional residual capacity and total lung capacity.
৪৬২.
Longest Part of Nephron
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
PCT
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
PCT
৪৬৩.
Thyroglobulin precursor is secreted from
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Golgi apparatus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Golgi apparatus
৪৬৪.
RV=?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
1200 ml
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
1200 ml
ব্যাখ্যা
Guyton 13th-501-502
৪৬৫.
Total lung capacity (ml) in women
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
4200
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
4200
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 495
৪৬৬.
The ultimate goal of respiration is to maintain proper concentrations of the following in the tissues except?
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
HCO3-
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
HCO3-
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 533
৪৬৭.
Complete hemolysis of RBC occur at.. .% NaCl solution
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
0.33
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
0.33
৪৬৮.
Which is not a Nonspecific laboratory findings associated with hyperthyroidism.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Increased ALT
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Increased ALT
ব্যাখ্যা
Nonspecific laboratory findings associated with hypothyroidism.
Ø Increased serum total cholesterol and LDL-C
Ø Increased TAG (Triacyl glycerol)
Ø Hyponatremia (due to free water retention)
Ø Increased CPK (due to myopathy)
Ø Increased serum total cholesterol and LDL-C
Ø Increased TAG (Triacyl glycerol)
Ø Hyponatremia (due to free water retention)
Ø Increased CPK (due to myopathy)
৪৬৯.
Synthesis of Hb starts from
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Proerythroblast
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Proerythroblast
৪৭০.
How to perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Plasma glucose is measured before and 2 hrs after a 75 g oral glucose drink
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Plasma glucose is measured before and 2 hrs after a 75 g oral glucose drink
ব্যাখ্যা
How to perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Preparation before the test
· Unrestricted carbohydrate diet for 3 days
· Fasted overnight for at least 8 hrs
· Rest for 30 mins
· Remain seated for the duration of the test, with no smoking
Preparation before the test
· Unrestricted carbohydrate diet for 3 days
· Fasted overnight for at least 8 hrs
· Rest for 30 mins
· Remain seated for the duration of the test, with no smoking
৪৭১.
Neuromodulator of basal ganglia
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Ach
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Ach
৪৭২.
Factors that shift 02-Hb dissociation curve to left
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Increased pH
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Increased pH
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 526
৪৭৩.
When RBC is into Hypertonic Solution following shape is found
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Crenation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Crenation
৪৭৪.
A raised blood pH & Bicarbonate level is consistent with-?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Persistent vomiting of gastric content
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Persistent vomiting of gastric content
ব্যাখ্যা
Metabolic effects of prolonged vomiting are-
-Metabolic alkalosis
-Hypovolemia leading to lactic acidosis
-Hypokalemia
-Hypochloremia
-Paradoxical aciduria
-Compensatory hypoventilation
৪৭৫.
The Permissive action of cortisol is on-
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Glucagon
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Glucagon
ব্যাখ্যা
The Permissive action of cortisol is on glucagon
৪৭৬.
Standard scale to measure Plasma Bicarbonate Conc
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Temp 37 C
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Temp 37 C
ব্যাখ্যা
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P: 352
৪৭৭.
Maximum CO2 is transported as
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) HCO3-
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) HCO3-
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 528
৪৭৮.
Lesion of left optic nerve results in
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Total blindness of left eye
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Total blindness of left eye
৪৭৯.
Specific gravity of urine is low in
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
DI
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
DI
ব্যাখ্যা
Specific gravity of urine is the measure of dissolved solutes (particles) in urine. It is low in diabetes insipidus and high in diabetes mellitus, acute renal failure and excess medications.
৪৮০.
Autoregulation range of RBF is
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
80-180 mmHg
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
80-180 mmHg
৪৮১.
Which of the following does not support accommodation reflex?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Relaxation of the ciliary muscle
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Relaxation of the ciliary muscle
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Accommodation is a reflex action. When a person looks at a near object after seeing a far object, three adjustments are made in the eyeballs:
1. Convergence of the eyeballs due to contraction of the medial recti
2. Constriction of the pupil due to the contraction of constrictor pupillae of iris
3. Increase in the anterior curvature of the lens due to contraction of the ciliary muscle.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 997)
1. Convergence of the eyeballs due to contraction of the medial recti
2. Constriction of the pupil due to the contraction of constrictor pupillae of iris
3. Increase in the anterior curvature of the lens due to contraction of the ciliary muscle.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 997)
৪৮২.
Which acts as final common path of cerebellar cortex?
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Purkinje cell
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Purkinje cell
ব্যাখ্যা
Explantion : Purkinje cells are termed as ‘final common path’ of cerebellar cortex. It is because the impulses from different parts of cerebellar cortex are transmitted to other parts of brain only through Purkinje cells.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 866)
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 866)
৪৮৩.
Which lens is used in myopia?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Biconcave
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Biconcave
৪৮৪.
Port Wine birthmark is present in
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Weber Syndrome
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Weber Syndrome
৪৮৫.
Which of the following hormone is called “Life Saving Hormone”?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Aldosterone
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Aldosterone
ব্যাখ্যা
Aldosterone is life saving hormone
৪৮৬.
Sky rise of ESR is found in
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Giant cell arteritis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Giant cell arteritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
ESR>100 is regarded as sky rise. It occurs in
• Multiple myeloma
• Giant cell arteritis
• Severe infections
• Malignancy
৪৮৭.
Which one is reduced in anaemic hypoxia?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) O2 carrying capacity
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) O2 carrying capacity
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation:
৪৮৮.
Lifespan of RBCs:
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
120 days
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
120 days
৪৮৯.
The most active adrenal androgen is
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Dehydroepiandrosterone
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Dehydroepiandrosterone
ব্যাখ্যা
Androgens secreted by adrenal cortex:
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Androstenedione
Testosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone is the most active adrenal androgen.
৪৯০.
Highest Energy Expenditure During Different Types of Activity for a 70-Kilogram Person Form of Activity Calories per Hour
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Walking up stairs rapidly
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Walking up stairs rapidly
৪৯১.
Accessory digestive organs exclude
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Pharynx
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Pharynx
ব্যাখ্যা
Accessory digestive organs are those which help primary digestive organs in the process of digestion. Accessory digestive organs are:
• Teeth
• Tongue
• Salivary glands
• Exocrine part of pancreas
• Liver
• Gallbladder
৪৯২.
In smooth muscle calcium released by the smooth ER initiates contraction by binding to what protein?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Calmodulin
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Calmodulin
ব্যাখ্যা
[Ganong 24th p-115]
৪৯৩.
What is the resting membrane potential of a nerve fibre?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) -70 mV
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) -70 mV
ব্যাখ্যা
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Table- 136.1)
Explanation : RMP of a nerve fibre is -70 mV, Firing level of a nerve fibre is -55 mv, End of depolarization of the nerve fibre is at +35 mV.
৪৯৪.
FRC in women
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
1800
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
1800
৪৯৫.
Severe Hypotonicity of ECF compared to ICF may lead to-?
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Cerebral oedema
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) Cerebral oedema
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference-Davidson/23rd/P-435/Fig-16.6
৪৯৬.
Regarding inhibin which is not suited
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
They are formed from two polypeptide subunits
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
They are formed from two polypeptide subunits
৪৯৭.
Which of the followings is false regarding accommodation reflex?
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Increases spherical aberrations
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Increases spherical aberrations
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : In addition to increase in anterior curvature of the lens, two more adjustments are made in the eyeball during accommodation for near vision.
1. Convergence of both eyeballs: It is necessary to bring the retinal images on to the corresponding points
2. Constriction of pupil: It is necessary to:
i. Increase the visual acuity by reducing lateral chromatic and spherical aberrations
ii. Reduce the quantity of light entering eye
iii. Increase the depth of focus through more central part of lens as its convexity is increased.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 996)
1. Convergence of both eyeballs: It is necessary to bring the retinal images on to the corresponding points
2. Constriction of pupil: It is necessary to:
i. Increase the visual acuity by reducing lateral chromatic and spherical aberrations
ii. Reduce the quantity of light entering eye
iii. Increase the depth of focus through more central part of lens as its convexity is increased.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 996)
৪৯৮.
Co factor of carboxy peptidase
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Zn
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Zn
৪৯৯.
Calculate HCO3 space in a 70 kg man when HCO3 conc 24 mmol/l
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
32
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
32
ব্যাখ্যা
HCO3 space= (0.36+ 2.44/HCO3 conc) * BW
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P:352
ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P:352
৫০০.
Which is not a protopathic sensation?
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Kinesthetic sensation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Kinesthetic sensation
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Pressure sensation,pain sensation,temparature sensation with wider range (below 25 degree celcius & above 40 degree celcius) are protopathic sensation. Epicritic sensations are: i. Fine touch or tactile sensation, ii. Tactile localization, iii. Tactile discrimination, iv. Temperature sensation with finer range between 25°C and 40°C.Visceral,vibratory & kinesthetic sensations are deep sensations.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Figure- 144.1)
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Figure- 144.1)