Active and Passive Voice

PrepBank · পাতা ৩ / ১৩ · ২০১–৩০০ / ১,২৭৭

২০১.

"It was decided by him to sell the house." (Make it active)

ক
He has decided to sell the house.
খ
He decided to sell the house.
গ
He decided it to sell the house.
ঘ
It was decided to sell the house.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

He decided to sell the house.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

He decided to sell the house.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice: He decided to sell the house.
• Passive voice: It was decided by him to sell the house.

• "Agree/be anxious/arrange/determine/be determined/decide/demand" + infinitive + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:

Active voice: Subject + (agree + ........ decide/demand) + infinitive + object

উল্লেখ্য,
Agree, decide ইত্যাদি + infinitive এর passive voice টি শুরুতে it বসিয়েও করা যায়।

• নিয়মানুযায়ী Correct Answer: He decided to sell the house.

২০২.

Who opened the door?- এর পরিবর্তিত voice হচ্ছে-

ক
ক) By whom was the door be opened?
খ
খ) By whom was the door opened?
গ
গ) By whom is he door opened?
ঘ
ঘ) By whom has the door opened?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom was the door opened?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom was the door opened?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Who যুক্ত sentence এর passive voice করার structure-
By whom + auxiliary verb + subject + verb এর past participle form + বাকী অংশ (যদি থাকে)।

২০৩.

People say that honesty is the best policy. (Passive)

ক
It is said honesty that is the best policy.
খ
It is said that it is honesty is the best policy.
গ
It is said that honesty is the best policy.
ঘ
It is said by people honesty that is the best policy.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

It is said that honesty is the best policy.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

It is said that honesty is the best policy.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Compound Sentence এবং Complex Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এর উভয় clause-কে একই voice-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
- Active Voice People say দিয়ে শুরু হলে passive voice It is said দিয়ে শুরু করা হয়।

• Active voice এ people + stative verb (know, think, understand, know, find, say, etc) + that + clause থাকলে, passive করার নিয়ম হচ্ছে -
- It is /was (tense অনুযায়ী) + said + that + বাকি clause (যা আছে তাই) টি।

যেমন:
• Active: People say that teamwork makes the dream work.
• Passive: It is said that teamwork makes the dream work.

• Active: People say that failure is a stepping stone to success.
• Passive: It is said that failure is a stepping stone to success.

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: People say that honesty is the best policy.
Passive: It is said that honesty is the best policy.

other options,
ক) It is said honesty that is the best policy
- বাক্যটি ব্যাকরণগতভাবে ভুল, কারণ "honesty that is" গঠনটি সঠিক নয়।

খ) It is said that it is honesty is the best policy
- এটি ভুল, কারণ "it is honesty is" অপ্রয়োজনীয় পুনরাবৃত্তি এবং ব্যাকরণগতভাবে অশুদ্ধ।

ঘ) It is said by people honesty that is the best policy
- বাক্যটি অশুদ্ধ, কারণ "honesty that is the best policy" অংশটি ভুলভাবে সাজানো হয়েছে।

২০৪.

Find out the active form of the sentence: "By whom can our nation be maintained?"

ক
Our nation has been maintained by who?
খ
Who can maintain our nation?
গ
Who maintains our nation?
ঘ
Who will maintain our nation?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who can maintain our nation?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who can maintain our nation?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: By whom can our nation be maintained?
Passive Voice: Who can maintain our nation?

Passive Voice এ By whom থাকলে Active Voice করতে হলে –
- Subject হিসেবে Who বসে।
- কোনো Modal Auxiliary থাকলে তা who এর পরে বসবে। (এখানে, can বসেছে)
- 'be' বাদ যাবে।
- বাদ যাওয়া 'be verb' যে form এ ছিল, মূল Verb- ঐ form এ বসবে।
- এখানে be verb – Base Form এ ছিল, তাই মূল verb ও base form এ বসবে (এখানে, maintain বসেছে)।
- Passive Voice এর Subject - Object হয়ে বসবে।

More examples:
Active Voice: By whom was this masterpiece painted?
Passive Voice: Who painted this masterpiece?

Active Voice: By whom were these policies implemented?
Passive Voice: Who implemented these policies?

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain.

২০৫.

The correct passive form of the sentence 'They laugh at us' is -

ক
ক) We are laughed at them
খ
খ) We are laughed at with them
গ
গ) We are laughed by them
ঘ
ঘ) We are laughed at by them

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

ঘ) We are laughed at by them

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

ঘ) We are laughed at by them

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice এর sentence এ কোনো Group verb থাকলে Voice change করবার সময়
Group verb এর preposition টি verb এর পর বসে এবং এরপর by বসে।
সুতরাং নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - we are laughed at by them.

২০৬.

Who parked the car here? Make it passive.

ক
ক) By whom had the car been parked here?
খ
খ) By whom was the car parked here?
গ
গ) The car was parked here by whom?
ঘ
ঘ) By whom the car was parked here?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom was the car parked here?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom was the car parked here?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Who দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া interrogative sentence কে passive করতে হলে -
- Who এর স্থানে By whom বসে।
- এরপর বাক্যটির tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary/ be verb,
- তারপর subject এবং
- verb এর past participle form
- এবং সবশেষে object বসবে।
Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb + Subject + verb এর past participle রূপ + object.

সুতরাং নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - By whom was the car parked here?

২০৭.

Let them sing the national anthem. (Make it passive)

ক
Let the national anthem sung by them.
খ
Let the national anthem to be sung by them.
গ
Let the national anthem be sung by them.
ঘ
Let the national anthem being sung by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the national anthem be sung by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the national anthem be sung by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Let them sing the national anthem.
- Passive: Let the national anthem be sung by them.

• Let + ব্যক্তিবাচক object যুক্ত Imperative sentence -এর Active voice কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসে।
- বস্তুবাচক Object বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by + ব্যক্তিবাচক object বসে।

• More examples:
- Active: Let him complete the work.
- Passive: Let the work be completed by him.

২০৮.

I am playing chess. (make it passive)

ক
Chess is playing by me
খ
Chess is played by me
গ
Chess is being played by me.
ঘ
Chess is been played by me

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Chess is being played by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Chess is being played by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Present continuous tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-

Structure:
Object এর subject + am being/is being/are being + verb এর past participle form + by + subject এর object.

Active: I am playing football.
Passive: football is being played by me.
Active: He is eating rice.
Passive: Rice is being eaten by him.

২০৯.

Who will have cleaned the room? (Make it passive)

ক
By whom will the room have been cleaned?
খ
By whom will the room have cleaned?
গ
By whom will the room been cleaned?
ঘ
By whom the room will be cleaned?

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

By whom will the room have been cleaned?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

By whom will the room have been cleaned?

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়।
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয়।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

• Active voice টি Future perfect tense এ আছে।
- Future Perfect Tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice করার জন্য structure:
- Sub + shall/will + have + been + V3.

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: Who will have cleaned the room?
Passive: By whom will the room have been cleaned?

More Example:
Active: Who will help you?
Passive: By whom will you be helped?

Active: Who is helping her?
Passive: By whom is she being helped?

Active: Who has broken the glasses?
Passive: By whom have the glasses been broken?

২১০.

I know her. (Make it passive)

ক
I was known to her.
খ
She known to me.
গ
She is known to me.
ঘ
She was known to me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

She is known to me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

She is known to me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Present indefinite tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subjective form +
- am/is/are +
- মূল verb এর past participle +
- by/to/with/in etc +
- Subject এর objective form.
- known এর পর সবসময় to বসে; by/in/with হয় না।

• Active voice: I know her.
• Passive Voice: She is known to me.

২১১.

Choose the passive form of the sentence:
'The team completed the project ahead of schedule.'

ক
The project was ahead of schedule by the team.
খ
The project had completed ahead of schedule by the team.
গ
The project was completed ahead of schedule by the team.
ঘ
The team had completed the project ahead of schedule.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The project was completed ahead of schedule by the team.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The project was completed ahead of schedule by the team.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subject form +
- was/were +
- মূল verb এর past participle +
- by +
- subject টির objective form বসে।

Active: The team completed the project ahead of schedule.
Passive: The project was completed ahead of schedule by the team.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২১২.

The passive form of: Where did you buy this book?

ক
Where this book bought by you?
খ
Where was this book bought by you?
গ
Where that book bought by you?
ঘ
By whom was this book bought?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Where was this book bought by you?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Where was this book bought by you?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Where did you buy this book?
- Passive: Where was this book bought by you?

• Where, When, Why, How যুক্ত sentence কে Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Passive voice এ Where, When, How দিয়ে sentence শুরু হবে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে (modal verb -এর থাকলে be বসে)।
- Active voice এর subject, passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by + Active voice এর subject passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

More examples:
- Active voice: Where did you find him?
- Passive voice: Where was he found by you?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২১৩.

Who was wanted by you? (Make it active)

ক
By whom do you want?
খ
By whom did you want?
গ
Whom did you want?
ঘ
Who do you want?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Whom did you want?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Whom did you want?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive: Who was wanted by you?
Active: Whom did you want?

• প্রশ্নে Who হচ্ছে Passive Voice এর Subject অর্থাৎ অর্থগত দিক দিয়ে এটা Object.
- তাই Active Voice এ এটা Object হিসেবেই বসবে।
- Who এর Objective form হচ্ছে ২টি : who (কাকে/ কাদেরকে) এবং whom (কাকে/ কাদেরকে).

• আর Past Indefinite Tense প্রশ্নবোধক বা না-বোধক হলে Active Voice এ Subject এর পূর্বে Did যোগ করতে হয়।
- এই ধরণের voice পরিবর্তনে অনেকের বিভ্রান্তির সৃষ্টি হয়, কারণ তারা জানেন Voice Change করতে হলে who থাকলে সব সময় by whom বসাতে হয়।
- মনে রাখতে হবে, Who যদি Active Voice এ অর্থগতভাবে কর্তা হয়, তাহলেই কেবল Passive Voice এ by whom বসাতে হয়।

২১৪.

Do not meddle in troubles.
(Make it Passive.)

ক
Let troubles be meddled in.
খ
Let not troubles be meddled in.
গ
Let do troubles be meddled.
ঘ
Let not troubles be meddle.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not troubles be meddled in.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not troubles be meddled in.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct Answer: Let not troubles be meddled in.

Do not দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তর করায় নিয়ম-
- প্রথমে Let not বসে+
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে +
- be বসে+
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- verb -এর সাথে সংযুক্ত preposition টি বসে।

যেমন:
Active: Do not meddle in troubles.
Passive:- Let not troubles be meddled in.

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২১৫.

Change the Voice.
The boy laughed at the old man. (Passive)

ক
The old man was laughed by the boy.
খ
The old man was being laughed at by the boy.
গ
The old man laughed at by the boy.
ঘ
The old man was laughed at by the boy.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The old man was laughed at by the boy.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The old man was laughed at by the boy.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Intransitive verb যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- সাধারনত Intransitive verb এর passive voice হয় না।
- তবে Intransitive verb এর পরে preposition যুক্ত হয়ে যদি group verb গঠন করে এবং তা Intransitive verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় তাহলে –
- Structure: Object টি subject রূপে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + verb এর past participle form + প্রদত্ত preposition + by + subject টি object হিসেবে বসে।
- Active: The boy laughed at the old man.
- Passive: The old man was laughed at by the boy.
- এ বাক্যে Object হচ্ছে - The old man এবং এটি হবে এখন - subject
- যেহেতু বাক্যটি past indifinite tense এ রয়েছে, তাই সে অনুযায়ী auxiliary Verb বসেছে - was.
- verb - laugh এর past participle form হচ্ছে - laughed.
- এরপর বসবে প্রদত্ত preposition - at.
- by + Subject - এর objective form.

• এ জাতীয় আরোও একটি উদাহরণ হচ্ছে -
- Active: The truck run over the boy.
- Passive: The boy was run over by the truck.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain

২১৬.

Who is playing the piano? (Make it passive)

ক
By whom the piano is being played?
খ
By whom is the piano been played?
গ
By whom is the piano being played?
ঘ
By whom be the piano being played?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom is the piano being played?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom is the piano being played?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত interrogative কে active to passive,
- Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পর be/being/been বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

Structure: By whom + Tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + Object টি Subject হয় + মূল verb এর past participle +

- সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে - By whom is the piano being played?

২১৭.

Do not disturb me while I am preparing my project report. (Make it passive)

ক
ক) I should not have been disturbed while I was preparing my project report.
খ
খ) Let me not being disturbed while I am preparing my project report.
গ
গ) I am not to be disturb while I prepare my project report.
ঘ
ঘ) I should not be disturbed while I am preparing my project report.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

ঘ) I should not be disturbed while I am preparing my project report.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

ঘ) I should not be disturbed while I am preparing my project report.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

- বাক্যের প্রথম অংশ, অর্থাৎ Do not disturb me is a command.
- The subject will be 'I' in the passive voice and we will use the past participle form of the verb i.e disturbed.
- This part of the sentence is in the present tense so the passive form will be in the past tense and use 'should'.
- The second part of the sentence will be written as it is in the passive voice.

So, the correct answer is: I should not be disturbed while I am preparing my project report.

২১৮.

We decided to cancel the meeting. (Passive)

ক
We decided that the meeting should habe cancelled.
খ
We decided that the meeting should cancelled.
গ
We decided that the meeting should be cancelled.
ঘ
We decided that the meeting should to be cancelled.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

We decided that the meeting should be cancelled.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

We decided that the meeting should be cancelled.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Active: They agreed to sign the contract.
Passive: They agreed that the contract should be signed.

Active: We decided to cancel the meeting.
Passive: We decided that the meeting should be cancelled.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২১৯.

"Whom did they call?" [Make it Passive Voice]

ক
Who was called by they?
খ
Who is called by them?
গ
Who was called by them?
ঘ
Who has been called by them?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Who was called by them?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Who was called by them?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

→ Answer: Who was called by them?

Active Voice: Whom did they call?
Passive Voice: Who was called by them?

• কোনো interrogative sentence যদি Whom দিয়ে শুরু হয়, সেটিকে Passive Voice-এ রূপান্তর করার সময়:
- Whom-এর পরিবর্তে Who বসাতে হবে।
- বাক্যের Subject এবং Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- শেষে by যোগ করে Active Voice-এর Subject-এর Object Form যোগ করতে হবে।
- বাক্যটি Question Mark (?) দিয়ে শেষ করতে হবে।

→ Structure: Who + auxiliary verb (tense অনুযায়ী) + verb-এর past participle + by + object.

→ সুতরাং Transformation Rule অনুসারে সঠিক Passive Voice হবে: Who was called by them?

Examples:
Active Voice: Whom do you admire?
Passive Voice: Who is admired by you?

২২০.

She made me wash the car. (Passive)

ক
I had been made to wash the car by her.
খ
I was made to wash the car by her.
গ
I was made wash the car by her.
ঘ
I was being made to wash the car by her.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

I was made to wash the car by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

I was made to wash the car by her.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Need, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold, watch ইত্যাদি verb গুলোর পর Active voice এর 'to' উহ্য থাকে।
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পর 'to' বসে।

• নিয়মানুযায়ী,
- Object -কে Subject করতে হবে।
- Tense ও subject অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb (was) বসে।
- তারপর মূল Verb -এর Past Participle বসবে।
- তারপর Active voice -এ উহ্য থাকা to বসবে।
- তারপর বাকি অংশ বসবে।
- শেষে by + Active voice -এর Subject টি Object হবে।

Active: She made me wash the car.
- এখানে Active voice এ 'made' থাকায় passive করার সময় 'to' বসবে।
Passive: I was made to wash the car by her.

Active: She made me clean the room.
Passive: I was made to clean the room by her.

- এখানে Active voice এ 'made' থাকায় passive করার সময় 'to' বসবে।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition

২২১.

The active form of 'The door should be kept shut' is:

ক
Shut the door.
খ
Let us shut the door.
গ
Let the door be shut.
ঘ
You should shut the door.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

You should shut the door.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

You should shut the door.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

♦ Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,

এ জাতীয় Passive voice কে active করার ক্ষেত্রে,

- প্রথমে You বসাতে হবে।
- তারপর Modal auxiliary Should বসে।
- main verb shut বসে।
- Passive voice এর subject হবে Active voice এর object.

Correct answer: You should shut the door.

Other options,
• Shut the door.
- প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি "The door should be kept shut" দ্বারা advice বোঝানো হচ্ছে। আর "Shut the door" দ্বারা command বোঝাচ্ছে।
- দুটি ভিন্ন তাই এটি ভুল।

• Let us shut the door.
- প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি দ্বারা advice বোঝানো হচ্ছে। আর "Let us shut the door" দ্বারা একটি action বোঝানো হচ্ছে যা speaker ও listener একত্রে করবে।
- It's not as close in meaning to the original.

• Let the door be shut.
- প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি "The door should be kept shut" দ্বারা advice বোঝানো হচ্ছে। আর "Shut the door" দ্বারা command বোঝাচ্ছে।
- দুটি ভিন্ন তাই এটি ভুল।

২২২.

Please send me the document. (Make it passive)

ক
You are requesting to send me the document.
খ
You are requested to send me the document.
গ
You were requested to send me the document.
ঘ
None of these.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

You are requested to send me the document.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

You are requested to send me the document.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active Voice: Please send me the document.
Passive Voice: You are requested to send me the document.

• 'Please' যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
→ active voice এর শুরুতে Please থাকলে passive voice- এ "you are requested to" বসেছে।
→ active voice টি present- এ রয়েছে তাই passive voice "present tense"- এ হয়েছে।
→ requested to- এর পরে verb- এর base form বসেছে।

• Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
→ Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive Voice এর subject হয়।
→ Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
→ মূল verb এর past participle + active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

২২৩.

Change the voice : She teaches me Spanish.

ক
I am taught Spanish by her.
খ
She is learnt Spanish by me.
গ
I am being taught Spanish by her.
ঘ
Spanish is taught her by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I am taught Spanish by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I am taught Spanish by her.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

ব্যাখ্যা:
বাক্যটিতে দুটি object আছে। Spanish (বস্তুবাচক অর্থাৎ direct object)এবং me (প্রাণীবাচক অর্থাৎ indirect object)। এই বাক্যটিকে আমরা প্রথমে I (indirect object)-কে Subject ধরে Passive voice করতে পারি।
অর্থাৎ, Indirect object + be + Verb-এর past particple+ Direct Object+ by+ Active Voice-এর Subject-কে object-এ রূপান্তর ।

২২৪.

You should check your answer. (Make it passive)

ক
Answer should be checked.
খ
Your answer should have checked.
গ
Your answer should check by you.
ঘ
Your answer should be checked.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Your answer should be checked.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Your answer should be checked.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: You should check your answer.
- Passive: Your answer should be checked.

• May, might, can, could, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, used to, ইত্যাদি modal auxiliary যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার সময়-
- Active এর object, subject হিসাবে বসে।
- তারপর modal auxiliary টি বসে।
- এর পরে be বসে।
- তার পরেই মূল verb টির Past Participle বসে।
- by + active এর subject object হিসাবে বসে।

• More examples:
- Active voice: You must shut these doors.
- Passive voice: These doors must be shut.

২২৫.

My father let me go. (change into passive voice)

ক
I have been let go by my father.
খ
I was let to go by my father.
গ
I was being let go by my father.
ঘ
I was let go by my father.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was let go by my father.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was let go by my father.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: My father let me go.
Passive: I was let go by my father.
- এখানে 'let' verb-টি এখানে Past Indefinite Tense-এ আছে, কারণ 'father' 3rd person singular number হওয়া সত্ত্বেও 'lets' বসে নি। - তাই সাহায্যকারী verb হিসেবে 'was' বসবে।

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, know, Heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২২৬.

They never gave a thought to probable future problems when the plans _______ five years ago.

ক
to be laid down
খ
have laid down
গ
were being laid down
ঘ
have been laid down

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

were being laid down

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

were being laid down

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• বাক্যটিতে অতীতের একটি নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে ("five years ago") চলমান একটি কাজের কথা বলা হয়েছে তাই এখানে passive form-এ past continuous tense প্রয়োজন।
- "were being laid down" হলো passive form-এ past continuous tense-এর সঠিক রূপ, যা ঐ সময়ে চলমান কাজ বোঝায়।

সঠিক উত্তর: গ) were being laid down.

Complete sentence: They never gave a thought to probable future problems when the plans were being laid down five years ago.

বাংলা: পাঁচ বছর আগে যখন পরিকল্পনাগুলো তৈরি করা হচ্ছিল, তখন তারা সম্ভাব্য ভবিষ্যৎ সমস্যাগুলোর কথা একবারও ভাবেনি।

২২৭.

Which of the following is an example of passive and past indefinite?

ক
ক) Floods destroy crops
খ
খ) I was invited in the program.
গ
গ) She heard the news.
ঘ
ঘ) Result will be published today.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) I was invited in the program.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) I was invited in the program.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Floods destroy crops = active/present indefinite
I was invited in the program = passive/past indefinite
She heard the news = active/past indefinite
Result will be published today = Passive/Future indefinite
এই ধরণের প্রশ্নের উত্তরে ভাল করার জন্য tense এর active এবং passive এর গঠণগুলো মুখস্ত করে নেওয়া উচিত।
উৎসঃ A passage to the English Language- S.M. Jakir Hussain

২২৮.

Change the voice: 'Honey tastes sweet.'

ক
Honey is sweet when it is tastes.
খ
Honey is tasty when it is sweet.
গ
Honey is tasted sweet.
ঘ
Honey is sweet when it is tested.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Honey is tasted sweet.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Honey is tasted sweet.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি একটি Quasi-passive sentence.
- যে sentence গঠনে active কিন্তু অর্থে passive বা অন্যের দ্বারা সংঘটিত হয় এমন বোঝায়, তাকে Quasi-passive sentence বলে।
- এই ধরনের sentence কে দুই ভাবে passive করা যায়। যেমন:

1) Active voice এর subject টিই passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + adjective টি বসে + when + প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী if/they বসে + আবারো tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + মূল verb এর past participle.
Active: Honey tastes sweet.
Passive: Honey is sweet when it is tasted.

2) Active এর এর subject টিই passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb এর past participle + adjective টি বসে।
Active: Honey tastes sweet.
Passive: Honey is tasted sweet.

২২৯.

The correct passive form of "They were watching a movie." is -

ক
A movie is being watched by them.
খ
A movie watched by them.
গ
A movie was being watched by them.
ঘ
A movie was been watched by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A movie was being watched by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A movie was being watched by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Continuous Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subjective form + was being/were being + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject এর objective form.

সুতরাং,
Active Voice: They were watching a movie.
Passive Voice: A movie was being watched by them.

২৩০.

The government determined to prohibit plastic bags. (Make it passive)

ক
Plastic bags should prohibited by the government.
খ
Plastic bags were determine to prohibit by the government.
গ
The government determined that Plastic bags has to be prohibited.
ঘ
The government determined that Plastic bags should be prohibited.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The government determined that Plastic bags should be prohibited.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The government determined that Plastic bags should be prohibited.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: The government determined that Plastic bags should be prohibited.

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- তারপর that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- তারপর should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৩১.

Change the voice: I am to make a presentation.

ক
A presentation has to be made by me.
খ
A presentation had to be made by me.
গ
A presentation is to be made by me.
ঘ
A presentation was to be made by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A presentation is to be made by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A presentation is to be made by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

♦ Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:

• Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
• Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
• তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
• Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
• তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

Active voice: I am to make a presentation.
Passive voice: A presentation is to be made by me.

২৩২.

Choose the right passive voice.
'Whom did she accuse?'

ক
Who had been accused by her?
খ
Who was accused by her?
গ
Who was being accused by her?
ঘ
Who has been accused by her?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who was accused by her?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who was accused by her?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Whom যুক্ত বাক্যের active voice এর structure: Who + auxiliary verb + V3 + by + obj form of the sub.
সুতরাং সঠিক উত্তর হচ্ছে - Who was accused by her?
Whom did you invite? (Active Voice)
-Who was invited by you? (Passive Voice)

২৩৩.

The news shocked him. এর passive form হবে-

ক
He was shocked by the news.
খ
He was shocked to the news.
গ
He is shocked to hear the news.
ঘ
He was shocked at the news.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was shocked at the news.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was shocked at the news.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• বাক্যটি past indefinite tense এ আছে।

• Past Indefinite Tense-এর ক্ষেত্রে active to passive Voice Change -এর নিয়ম -
- object টির subject form + was/were + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject টির objective form বসে।

• অনেক ক্ষেত্রে active voice এর subject কে passive voice এ object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য preposition বসে। যেমন : to, at, on, with ইত্যাদি।
- প্রদত্ত sentence এর verb হচ্ছে 'shock'. Shock এর পর preposition হিসেবে 'at' ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Active Voice: The news shocked him.
Passive Voice: He was shocked at the news.

Source: Advancer Learner's HSC Communicative English by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৩৪.

'Nobody believes a liar.' the correct passive form of the above sentence is:

ক
ক) A liar is never believed by anyone
খ
খ) A liar should not be believed by anybody
গ
গ) A liar is not believed by anybody
ঘ
ঘ) A liar is believed by nobody

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) A liar is not believed by anybody

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) A liar is not believed by anybody

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Nobody যুক্ত বাক্যকে passive করার নিয়মঃ Obj কে sub + be verb + not + V3 + by + anybody। সুতরাং, সঠিক passive বাক্য হলো - A liar is not believed by anybody

২৩৫.

Change into Passive Voice.
He increased his pace as the sunset approached.

ক
His pace is increased by him as the sunset approached.
খ
His pace was increased by him as the sunset approached.
গ
His pace has increased by him as the sunset approached.
ঘ
His pace has been increased by him as the sunset approached.
ঙ
His pace had been increased by him as the sunset approached.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

His pace was increased by him as the sunset approached.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

His pace was increased by him as the sunset approached.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

The given sentence is in active voice, as the subject is performing the action.
The tense of the sentence is Simple past, which follows-
Active – S + V2 + O
Passive – O + was/were + V3 + by + S.
The passive form of the given sentence is correct in option B.

২৩৬.

'I have to do it' -এর passive form ___

ক
ক) It has to be done by me.
খ
খ) It is to be done by me.
গ
গ) Let it be done by me.
ঘ
ঘ) It has to be done to me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) It has to be done by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) It has to be done by me.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Have to / has to ব্যবহৃত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তনের ক্ষেত্রে,
- Active voice এর object টি subject হবে +
- have to/ has to +
- be +
- Verb এর Past Participle form +
- by +
- Subject এর object form বসবে।

Active: I have to do it.
Passive: It has to be done by me.

২৩৭.

It is called pleasure seekers’ paradise. (Make it active)

ক
ক) Pleasure seekers’ paradise call it.
খ
খ) It calls pleasure seekers’ paradise.
গ
গ) People call it pleasure seekers’ paradise.
ঘ
ঘ) Pleasure seekers call it paradise.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) People call it pleasure seekers’ paradise.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) People call it pleasure seekers’ paradise.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Sentence- ক্রিয়ার কর্তা দেয়া না থাকলে Passive থেকে Active করার সময় একটি সুবিধাজনক কর্তা যেমনঃ someone, somebody, people, the authority ইত্যাদি ধরে নিতে হয়।
এখানে শুধু Pleasure seeker-রা বলে না, সাধারণভাবে সকল মানুষই বলে, তাই এখানে Subject হিসেবে People যোগ করতে হবে।
প্রদত্ত বাক্যের সঠিক active form হচ্ছে -
People call it pleasure seekers’ paradise.

২৩৮.

Roni’s work pleased me. (Passive)

ক
I was pleased with Roni’s work.
খ
I was pleased by Roni’s work.
গ
We were pleased by Roni’s work.
ঘ
Roni’s work was pleased by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I was pleased with Roni’s work.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I was pleased with Roni’s work.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

Pleased এর পর preposition হিসেবে with বসে।

২৩৯.

Change the voice: Water was irrigated.

ক
Someone's irrigated water.
খ
Farmers irrigated water.
গ
It was water that was irrigated.
ঘ
Water was being irrigated by someone.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Farmers irrigated water.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Farmers irrigated water.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকে এবং verb টি যদি পেশা বা নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর সাথে Related কাজ হয় তাহলে ঐ পেশাজীবী বা ঐ নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর নাম Subject হিসেবে বসাতে হবে।
যেমন:
• Water was irrigated.
=> Farmers irrigated water.

• Other examples:
• He was born in 1960.
- His mother bore him in 1960.
• Rome was not built in a day.
- The Romans did not build Rome in a day.

২৪০.

Select the correct passive voice of "He did for me the unnecessary things."-

ক
ক) The unnecessary things were done for me by him.
খ
খ) The unnecessary things was done by him for me.
গ
গ) The unnecessary things had been done for me by him.
ঘ
ঘ) The unnecessary things had to be done for me by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The unnecessary things were done for me by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The unnecessary things were done for me by him.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Voice পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম অনুযায়ী,
- প্রথমে object টি subject হিসাবে বসবে
- Tense এবং person-অনুসারে Auxiliary verb
- Verb-এর past participle
- অন্য object
- by
- active voice-এর subject-টি object হিসেবে লেখা হয়।
- তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - The unnecessary things were done for me by him.

২৪১.

They are going to build a new school in our town.

ক
A new school has been built in our town by them.
খ
A new school is going to build in our town.
গ
A new school is going to be built in our town by them.
ঘ
A new school was going to be built in our town by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A new school is going to be built in our town by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A new school is going to be built in our town by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice: They are going to build a new school in our town.
• Passive voice: A new school is going to be built in our town by them.

• Going to যুক্ত বাক্যের passive করার সময় going to -এর কোনো পরিবর্তন হয় না।
• Structure:
- Active: Subject + be verb + going to + present form of the verb + object.
- Passive: Object + be verb +going to + be + verb -এর past participle + subject.

• More examples:
- Active: The company is going to introduce a new product.
- Passive: A new product is going to be introduced by the company.

Source:
1. A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
2. Applied English Grammar And Composition by P.C. Das.

২৪২.

II. In each of the following questions, a sentence has been given in Active voice. Out of the four alternatives suggested select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Passive voice (Qs. 31-32).
Who taught her such things?

ক
Who was she taught such things by?
খ
She was taught such things by who?
গ
By whom she was taught such things?
ঘ
By whom was she taught such things?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom was she taught such things?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom was she taught such things?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Who যুক্ত sentence কে passive করার structure:
- By whom +
- auxiliary verb +
- subject +
- verb এর past participle form +
- extension (যদি থাকে).

Active: Who taught her such things?
Passive: By whom was she taught such things?

২৪৩.

"Who answered the phone?" (Make it passive)

ক
By whom the phone is answered?
খ
Who was answered the phone?
গ
By whom was the phone answered?
ঘ
whom was the phone answered?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom was the phone answered?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom was the phone answered?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• সঠিক passive voice টি হবে - By whom was the phone answered?

- Who answered the phone? - এটি একটি interrogative sentence.

• Who যুক্ত interrogative sentence - এর active voice - কে passive voice করার নিয়ম হলো:
- Who -এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমেই By whom বসবে।
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসবে।
- তারপর active voice- এর object টি passive voice - এর subject হবে।
- তারপর মূল verb - এর past participle বসবে।
- Sentence টি interrogative sentence - এ-ই থাকবে, তাই শেষে interrogative চিহ্ন “?” বসবে।

• Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb + subject + v₃ + ? / Who + auxiliary verb + subject + v₃+ by + ?

• Active voice: Who answered the phone?
• Passive voice: By whom was the phone answered?

Source: A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

২৪৪.

Choose the correct passive form of this sentence: The manager urged the supervisor to reduce the rates.

ক
ক) The manager urge the supervisor to be reduced
খ
খ) The manager urged and the rates reduced.
গ
গ) The supervisor was urged to reduce the rates
ঘ
ঘ) The rates were reduced by the manager.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) The supervisor was urged to reduce the rates

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) The supervisor was urged to reduce the rates

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Advise/beg/order/recommend/urge + indirect object + infinitve + direct object + যুক্ত Active voice কে passive voice-এ রূপান্তরের নিয়মঃ
indirect object-টি subject হয়। + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb-এর past participle বসে + infinitive থেকে শেষ পর্যন্ত বসে।

২৪৫.

Identify the correct passive voice sentence.

ক
The book write by him.
খ
The book is wrote by him.
গ
The book is written by him.
ঘ
The book was writing by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The book is written by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The book is written by him.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

সঠিক উত্তর: গ) The book is written by him.

• প্রশ্নে Passive Voice সম্পর্কিত সঠিক বাক্য চাওয়া হয়েছে।
- Passive Voice-এর সঠিক গঠন: Object + Auxiliary Verb (be) + V3 (Past Participle) + by + Subject.
- Passive Voice-এ সর্বদা Verb-এর Past Participle (V3) ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- write → wrote → written (V3)

• Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb (be) পরিবর্তন হয়:
- Present Simple: is/am/are + V3
- Past Simple: was/were + V3
- Future Simple: will be + V3

Active: He writes the book.
Passive: The book is written by him.

অন্যান্য অপশনগুলোর ভুল:
ক) The book write by him. “write” → এটি base form (V1), কিন্তু passive voice-এ V3 (written) প্রয়োজন।
খ) The book is wrote by him. “wrote” → এটি past tense form (V2), কিন্তু passive voice-এ V3 লাগে।
ঘ) The book was writing by him. “was writing” → এটি past continuous (active) এর গঠন, কিন্তু passive voice হিসেবে was being written হলে সঠিক হতো।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition—HSC Second Paper by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৬.

People always admire great leaders. (Make it passive)

ক
Great leaders are always being admired.
খ
Great leaders are always admired by the people.
গ
Great leaders are always admired.
ঘ
Great leaders will always be admired by people.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Great leaders are always admired.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Great leaders are always admired.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: People always admire great leaders.
Passive: Great leaders are always admired.

• Active voice কে Passive Voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object টি Passive Voice এর Subject হয়।
- Active Voice এর মূল Verb এর form অনুযায়ী অতিরিক্ত ‘be’ Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past Participle form বসে।
- Active Voice এর subject টি Passive Voice এর Object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) বসে।

• তবে, Active Voice এর Subject People হলে, তা Passive Voice এর Object হিসেবে না লিখলেও চলে।

২৪৭.

Who is the lead singer of the band Coldplay? (Make it passive)

ক
ক) By whom the band Coldplay is being leaded?
খ
খ) By whom is the band Coldplay led?
গ
গ) By whom is the band Coldplay leaded?
ঘ
ঘ) By whom the band Coldplay is led?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom is the band Coldplay led?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) By whom is the band Coldplay led?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
- Structure: Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + object এর subject + verb এর past participle form + ?.
- সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হচ্ছে - By whom is the band Coldplay led?

২৪৮.

The container contains fresh products. (Make it passive)

ক
Fresh products contained the container.
খ
Fresh products are contained in the container.
গ
Fresh products contains to the container.
ঘ
Fresh products contained in the container.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Fresh products are contained in the container.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Fresh products are contained in the container.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active: The container contains fresh products.
- Passive: Fresh products are contained in the container.

• কিছ কিছু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার ক্ষেত্রে এদের পূর্বে 'by' বসেনা।
- এ জাতীয় কিছু verb হচ্ছে - annoyed with, marvelled at, surprised at, seized with, contained in etc.

• The container contains fresh products.
- উল্লিখত বাক্যের object - products বসেছে passive voice এ subject হিসেবে।
- যেহেতু বাক্যটি present indefinite tense এ গঠিত তাই মূল verb হিসেবে are বসেছে ।
- তারপর verb এর past participle form.
- এরপর in + Subject এর objective form.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৯.

What is the active voice of ‘You are requested to give me a cup of tea.’

ক
ক) Give me a cup of tea.
খ
খ) Let me give you a cup of tea.
গ
গ) Please give me a cup of tea.
ঘ
ঘ) None.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) Please give me a cup of tea.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) Please give me a cup of tea.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive voice এর শুরুতে You are requested to থাকলে active voice এ you are requested to উঠে যায়
এবং transitive verb এর ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে please/kindly বসে।

২৫০.

I saw the girl carrying a bouquet. (Make it passive)

ক
A bouquet was carrying by the girl by me.
খ
The girl seen to carry a bouquet by me.
গ
The girl was seen to be carry a bouquet by me.
ঘ
The girl was seen carrying a bouquet by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The girl was seen carrying a bouquet by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The girl was seen carrying a bouquet by me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Active Voice: I saw the girl carrying a bouquet.
- Passive Voice: The girl was seen by me carrying a bouquet.

• Object + present participle যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তনের সময়-
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb-এর past participle বসে।
- present participle যুক্ত অংশটি বসে।
- by বসে + Subject টির objective form বসে।

অর্থাৎ,
- Present participle থেকে বাক্যের বাকি অংশ অপরিবর্তিত থাকে।
- এক্ষেত্রে শুধু present participle এর পূর্ববর্তী বাক্যাংশের passive form হয়ে থাকে।

More examples:
- Active Voice: I saw him leaving the venue.
- Passive Voice: He was seen leaving the venue by me.

২৫১.

One should follow the traffic rules. (Make it passive)

ক
The rules should be followed by the one's.
খ
The traffic rules should be followed.
গ
The traffic rules should followed.
ঘ
The traffic rules should be following by one.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The traffic rules should be followed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The traffic rules should be followed.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: One should follow the traffic rules.
Passive voice: The traffic rules should be followed.

• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
1. প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে, অর্থাৎ, Active voice-এর object-কে passive voice-এর subject হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
2. Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।
3. should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

More Examples:
Active Voice: One should take care of one's health.
Passive Voice: Health should be taken care of.

Active: One should tell the truth.
Passive: Truth should be told.

২৫২.

She made me laugh uncontrollably. (Make it passive)

ক
I was made to laugh uncontrollably by her.
খ
I was made laughing uncontrollably for her.
গ
I was made to laugh uncontrollably with her.
ঘ
I was made laugh uncontrollably to her.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I was made to laugh uncontrollably by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

I was made to laugh uncontrollably by her.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, need, dare, bare, hear, feel, know ইত্যাদি causative verb গুলোর পর active voice এ bare infinitive হয় অর্থাৎ to ঊহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু passive- এ পরিবর্তন করবার সময় তাদের পর to বসাতে হয়।

• Causative verb যুক্ত বাক্যটির passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- object কে sub + auxiliary verb + causative verb - এর past participle form + to + মুল verb + by + sub কে object.

Active Voice: She made me laugh uncontrollably.
Passive Voice: I was made to laugh uncontrollably by her.

২৫৩.

Nobody trusts a turncoat. (Make it passive)

ক
A turncoat should not be trusted.
খ
Everybody hates a turncoat.
গ
A turncoat is not trusted by anybody.
ঘ
A turncoat is trusted.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A turncoat is not trusted by anybody.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A turncoat is not trusted by anybody.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Nobody trusts a turncoat.
Passive Voice: A turncoat is not trusted by anybody.

• Active থেকে Passive করতে হলে,
- Active Voice এর Subject – Passive Voice- এ Object হয়।
- Active Voice এর Object – Passive Voice এ- Subject হয়।
- অতিরিক্ত be verb বসে এবং মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- Object এর আগে by বসে।

More Example:
Active Voice: No one believes a deceiver.
Passive Voice: A deceiver is not believed by anyone.

২৫৪.

Change the voice: The house is building.

ক
The house is building by someone.
খ
The house has been built.
গ
The house is being built.
ঘ
The house has been built by someone.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The house is being built.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The house is being built.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• 'The house is building’ এর passive form হচ্ছে - The house is being built.
- এটি একটি Quasi-Passive বাক্য।
- Quasi-Passive (কর্মকর্তৃবাচ্য) গঠনগত দিক হতে active বুঝালেও অর্থের দিক হতে passive হয়।

• Quasi-Passive জাতীয় বাক্যের Active হতে Passive করার নিয়ম -
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এ বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
Example:
- The book is being printed.
- The drums are being beaten.

২৫৫.

The active form of: You are requested to give me a cup of coffee.

ক
Please give me a cup of coffee.
খ
Give me a cup of coffee.
গ
Kindly let you give me a cup of coffee.
ঘ
Let me give you a cup of coffee.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Please give me a cup of coffee.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Please give me a cup of coffee.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

- Passive voice: You are requested to give me a cup of coffee.
- Active voice: Please give me a cup of coffee.

• Passive voice এর শুরুতে You are requested to থাকলে active voice এ you are requested to উঠে যায়।
- Transitive verb এর ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে please/kindly বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb থেকে শেষ পর্যন্ত বসে।

More examples:
- Passive: You are requested to maintain silence.
- Active: Please maintain silence.

- Passive: You are requested to submit the form today.
- Active: Please submit the form today.

২৫৬.

An affluent person may be helped even by a beggar. (Make it Active)

ক
ক) A beggar may even help an affluent person.
খ
খ) Even a beggar may help An affluent person.
গ
গ) A beggar can even help An affluent person.
ঘ
ঘ) Even a beggar ought to help An affluent person.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) Even a beggar may help An affluent person.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

খ) Even a beggar may help An affluent person.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive কে Active করতে হলে,
1. Object এর পূর্বের Preposition বাদ যাবে।
2. Object - Subject হয়ে বসবে।
3. Subject - Object হয়ে Verb এর পরে বসবে।
4. অতিরিক্ত be verb (এখানে be) বাদ যাবে। Passive এর be Verb এর Form অনুযায়ী মূল Verb বসবে।

# Even যেহেতু a beggar এর সাথে সম্পর্কিত, তাই এটা a beggar এর আগে বসবে।

২৫৭.

The teacher suggested visiting the museum. (Change it into passive voice)

ক
The teacher suggested the museum should be visited.
খ
The teacher suggested that the museum should be visited.
গ
The teacher suggested that the museum must be visited.
ঘ
The teacher suggested that the museum have to visited.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The teacher suggested that the museum should be visited.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The teacher suggested that the museum should be visited.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active: The teacher suggested visiting the museum.
• Passive: The teacher suggested that the museum should be visited.

• advice/ insist/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করতে হলে:
- প্রদত্ত active voice -এর subject ও verb অপরিবর্তিত থাকে,
- Conjunction হিসেবে that বসে,
- Gerund এর পরের object টি বসে,
- should be বসে,
- প্রদত্ত gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে তার V₃ হয়।

• Structure: (Sub + verb অপরিবর্তিত) + that + object + should be + V₃ of gerund.

• More example:
- Active: He suggested giving up smoking.
- Passive: He suggested that smoking should be given up.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.

২৫৮.

They congratulated each other. (Make it passive)

ক
Each of them was congratulated by other.
খ
Each other was congratulated by them.
গ
Each of them was congratulated by the other.
ঘ
They were congratulated by each other.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

They were congratulated by each other.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

They were congratulated by each other.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Reciprocal pronoun (each other, one another) যুক্ত active voice কে passive এ পরিণত করার সময় -

- Pronoun গুলো কখনোই subject হিসেবে বসবে না।

- অর্থাৎ, এদের subject এবং object এর স্থান অপরিবর্তিত থাকে।

- tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + main verb এর past participle form বসে।

• Active structure: Subject + verb +reciprocal object.

• Passive: Subject অপরিবর্তিত + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + main verb এর past participle form + reciprocal pronoun.

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, সঠিক উত্তর - They were congratulated by each other.

২৫৯.

I had done my homework (Make it Passive)

ক
My homework was done by me.
খ
My homework had done by me.
গ
My homework had been done by me.
ঘ
My homework done by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

My homework had been done by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

My homework had been done by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer: My homework had been done by me.

Past Perfect Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরির্তন করার নিয়ম:
(i) Object টি Subject হয়+
(ii) had been বসে+
(iii) মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে+
(iv) by বসে+) Subject টির Objective form বসে।

Structure:- Object টির Subjective form + had been +মূল Verb এর Past Participle + by +Subject টির Objective form

Active: I had done my homework.
Passive: My homework had been done by me.

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৬০.

Change the voice:
The children greet the monk cheerfully every morning.

ক
The monk are greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.
খ
The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.
গ
The monk is greeted by cheerfully the children every morning.
ঘ
The monk greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.
ঙ
The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children every morning.
ব্যাখ্যা:
(Active Voice): "The children greet the monk cheerfully every morning."
Passive Voice-এর নিয়ম:
- Object (the monk) টি Subject হয়। Verb (greet) পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "is greeted" (একবচন Subject-এর জন্য)।
- Subject (the children) পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "by the children" হয়।
- Adverb (cheerfully) পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Verb-এর পরে বসে।

সঠিক Passive Voice গঠন:
- "The monk is greeted cheerfully by the children every morning."

অন্য অপশনগুলোে:
ক) "are greeted" এটি ভুল (monk একবচন, তাই "is" হবে)।
গ) "by cheerfully the children" এখানে Adverb-এর ভুল অবস্থান।
ঘ) "greeted"এখানে "is" অনুপস্থিত।
ঙ) "every morning" বাদ পড়েছে (অসম্পূর্ণ অর্থ)।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৬১.

Don't waste your resources. (Make it passive)

ক
Let your resources not to be waste.
খ
Let not your resources be wasted.
গ
Let your resources to be not wasted.
ঘ
Let your resources not to waste.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not your resources be wasted.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not your resources be wasted.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Don't waste your resources.
Passive Voice: Let not your resources be wasted.

• Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে শুধু মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময় -
- প্রথমে Let not বসবে।
- Active voice এর object টির subject রূপে বসবে।
- be বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

- Structure: Let not + object টির subject হয় + be + মূল verb এর past participle.

২৬২.

She blamed herself. (Passive)

ক
She was blamed by herself.
খ
She blamed by herself.
গ
Herself was blamed by her.
ঘ
She was blamed herself.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

She was blamed by herself.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

She was blamed by herself.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct Answer: ক) She was blamed by herself.

- Reflexive object হলো: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
- Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময়-
- Active voice-এর subject অপরিবর্তিত থাকে এবং Passive voice-এর subject হয়।
- tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb-এর past participle বসে।
- তারপর by + reflexive object বসে।

Active: She blamed herself.
Passive: She was blamed by herself.

Other Options:
খ) She blamed by herself.
- Auxiliary verb নেই, তাই ভুল।

গ) Herself was blamed by her.
- Reflexive object subject হিসেবে বসতে পারে না।

ঘ) She was blamed herself.
- Reflexive object ব্যবহারের আগে by বসতে হয়।

২৬৩.

By whom ______?

ক
ক) was the glass broken
খ
খ) the glass was broken
গ
গ) did the glass break
ঘ
ঘ) was the glass break

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) was the glass broken

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) was the glass broken

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

Structure:
By whom + Auxiliary verb + Subject + past participle form of verb.
যেমন
- By whom was this done?
- By whom was this tree planted here?
- By whom was the glass broken?

২৬৪.

The manager agreed to extend the deadline. (passive)

ক
The manager agreed that the deadline should be extended.
খ
The manager agreed that the deadline has to be extended.
গ
The manager agreed that the deadline to be extended.
ঘ
The manager agreed that the deadline being extended.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The manager agreed that the deadline should be extended.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The manager agreed that the deadline should be extended.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Active: Proma decided to sell the house.
Passive: Proma decided that the house should be sold.

Active: The manager agreed to extend the deadline.
Passive: The manager agreed that the deadline should be extended.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৫.

The board agreed to approve the proposal. (Passive)

ক
The board agreed to the proposal should be approved.
খ
The board agreed that the proposal to be approved.
গ
The board agreed that the proposal should be approved.
ঘ
The board agreed that the proposal is to approved.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The board agreed that the proposal should be approved.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The board agreed that the proposal should be approved.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Active: Proma decided to sell the house.
Passive: Proma decided that the house should be sold.

Active: The board agreed to approve the proposal.
Passive: The board agreed that the proposal should be approved.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৬.

which one is the correct passive form of 'People call the lion the king of beasts'.

ক
The lion is called the king of beasts by people.
খ
The lion is called the king of beasts.
গ
The lion is called by the people the king of beasts.
ঘ
Lion is the king of the beasts

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The lion is called the king of beasts.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The lion is called the king of beasts.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: People call the lion the king of beasts.
Passive: The lion is called the king of beasts.

Rules:
- Fist object কে Subject ধরে নিতে হবে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়। কিন্তু Subject হিসেবে people থাকলে passive করার সময় people কে বাদ দিতে হবে।

More example:
Active: People called him wise Solomon.
Passive: He was called wise Solomon.

২৬৭.

Change the voice: A song was sung by Atif.

ক
Atif sung a song.
খ
Atif was sang a song.
গ
Atif had sung a song.
ঘ
Atif sang a song.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Atif sang a song.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Atif sang a song.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি Active Voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে,
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর object হয়,
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যায়।

• Past Indefinite Tense এর active voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় was/were + verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- তাই was/were + verb এর Past Participle যুক্ত Passive Voice এর Active Voice Past Indefinite Tense এ হবে।
- নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে - Atif sang a song.

২৬৮.

My sister had baked a cake for my birthday. (Make it passive)

ক
A cake had baked by my sister for my birthday.
খ
A cake had been baked by my sister for my birthday.
গ
My sister had been baked a cake for my birthday.
ঘ
A cake was been baked by my sister for my birthday.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A cake had been baked by my sister for my birthday.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A cake had been baked by my sister for my birthday.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Perfect Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subjective form +
- had been +
- মূল verb এর past participle +
- by +
- subject এর objective form.

Examples:
Active: My sister had baked a cake for my birthday.
Passive: A cake had been baked by my sister for my birthday.

Active: The painter had painted the mural by the time the exhibition opened.
Passive: The mural had been painted by the painter by the time the exhibition opened.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৯.

Which one is the correct passive form of the sentence 'Let Rahim tell the truth'.

ক
ক) Let the truth is told by Rahim.
খ
খ) Let the truth be told by him.
গ
গ) Let the truth be told by Rahim.
ঘ
ঘ) Let Rahim the truth be told.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) Let the truth be told by Rahim.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) Let the truth be told by Rahim.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 'Let Rahim tell the truth।'
Answer: Let the truth be told by Rahim.

• Let যুক্ত imperative বাক্যেকে passive এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম -
- প্রথমে Let বসে
- এরপর object বসে
- be বসে
- মূল verb এর past participle form + by
- let পরবর্তী ব্যক্তিবাচক object.

- তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - Let the truth be told by Rahim.

২৭০.

Has anybody answered your question? (Passive)

ক
Your question has been answered?
খ
Anybody has answered your question?
গ
Have you answered your question?
ঘ
Has your question been answered?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Has your question been answered?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Has your question been answered?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Has anybody answered your question?
Passive Voice: Has your question been answered? (অপশন 'ঘ')

• Interrogative sentence + present perfect tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম -
→ প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি interrogative sentence- এ রয়েছে।
→ interrogative sentence কে assertive sentence- এ রূপান্তরিত করে এরপর ওই assertive sentence- এর voice change করে তাকে পুনরায় interrogative- এ পরিবর্তন করলে আমরা passive voice (উত্তর) পেতে পারি।

• interrogative sentence → assertive sentence → passive voice → interrogative sentence
→ Interrogative sentence = Has anybody answered your question?
→ Assertive sentence = Anybody has answered your question.
→ Passive voice = Your question has been answered by anybody.
→ Interrogative sentence = Has your question been answered? (by anybody ঊহ্য রয়েছে)

২৭১.

Give me a pen. (make it passive)

ক
Let the pen be given by me.
খ
Let the pen been given to me.
গ
Let the pen been given by me.
ঘ
Let the pen be given to me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the pen be given to me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the pen be given to me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Give me a pen.
• Passive voice: Let the pen be given to me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭২.

One should protect the environment. (Make it passive)

ক
The environment should be protected by one's.
খ
The environment should be protected.
গ
The environment should be protected by one.
ঘ
The environment should protected.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The environment should be protected.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The environment should be protected.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: One should protect the environment.
Passive Voice: The environment should be protected.

Active voice: One should follow the traffic rules.
Passive voice: The traffic rules should be followed.

• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
1. প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে, অর্থাৎ, Active voice-এর object-কে passive voice-এর subject হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
2. Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।
3. should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

More Examples:
Active Voice: One should keep promises.
Passive Voice: Promises should be kept.

Active Voice: One should always speak the truth.
Passive Voice: The truth should always be spoken.

২৭৩.

The passive form of the sentence 'Fortune favors the brave' is -

ক
The brave is favored by fortune
খ
The brave were favored by fortune
গ
The brave are favored by fortune
ঘ
The brave was favored by fortune

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The brave are favored by fortune

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The brave are favored by fortune

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

যেহেতু প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি Present Indefinite Tense এ আছে,

- তাই Passive voice এ auxiliary verb হিসেবে am/is/are বসবে।

- যেহেতু The brave (সাহসীরা) Plural noun, তাই এটি auxiliary verb হিসেবে are কে সাথে নিবে।

সুতরাং, সঠিক Passive voice form হচ্ছে- The brave are favored by fortune.

২৭৪.

'You should keep your promise.' বাক্যটির passive form হবে __

ক
ক) Your promise should be kept by you
খ
খ) Your promise is to be kept by you
গ
গ) Your promise should keep by you
ঘ
ঘ) Your promise should kept by you

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) Your promise should be kept by you

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) Your promise should be kept by you

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,
- প্রথমে Active voice এর object টির subject রূপে বসবে।
- should be
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

• Structure: প্রথমে object টির subject রূপ হবে + should be + মূল verb এর past participle.
- সেই অনুসারে, সঠিক উত্তর, Your promise should be kept.

২৭৫.

His performance pleases us. ( Make it passive)

ক
We are pleased by his performance.
খ
We are pleased with his performance.
গ
We are pleased at his performance.
ঘ
We are pleased from his performance.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

We are pleased at his performance.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

We are pleased at his performance.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয় + Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + মূল verb এর past participle + Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to,in) বসে।

• ব্যক্তির ক্ষেত্রে with বসে আর ব্যক্তির কাজ বা বস্তুর উপরে সন্তুষ্টি বোঝাতে at বসে।
- যেহেতু প্রশ্নে ব্যক্তির কাজের উপর সন্তুষ্টি বোঝানো হয়েছে তাই pleased at বসবে।

• Active Voice: His performance pleases us.
- Passive voice: We are pleased at his performance.

২৭৬.

“A man is known by the company he keeps.” The correct active voice of this sentence is-

ক
The company he keeps knows a man.
খ
A man knows the company he keeps.
গ
People know a man by the company he keeps.
ঘ
The company knows a man as he keeps.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

People know a man by the company he keeps.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

People know a man by the company he keeps.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

আলোচ্য Passive voiceএর বাক্যে Active voice এর subjectটি উহ্য আছে (the company he keeps প্রকৃতপক্ষে know ক্রিয়ার কর্তা নয়)।
তাই active voice এ subject কল্পনা করে নিতে হবে এবং সেটি People হওয়াই যথাযথ।

২৭৭.

He teaches us grammar. (Do Passive)

ক
ক) We are taught grammar by him.
খ
খ) Grammar will be taught to us by him.
গ
গ) We were teached grammar by him.
ঘ
ঘ) Grammar was taught to us by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) We are taught grammar by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) We are taught grammar by him.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

- উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের Passive Voice হচ্ছে We are taught grammar by him.

• Present simple tense কে Active থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম-
Structure: Active voice এর object হবে Subject + subject অনুসারে (is /am /are) বসবে + verb in past participle form+ Others.

Example:
Active: He teaches us grammar.
Passive: We are taught grammar by him.

২৭৮.

Our principal embodies all the good qualities. (Passive)

ক
All the good qualities are being embodied in our principal.
খ
All the good qualities is embodied to our principal.
গ
All the good qualities are embodied by our principal.
ঘ
All the good qualities are embodied in our principal.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

All the good qualities are embodied in our principal.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

All the good qualities are embodied in our principal.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Active: Our principal embodies all the good qualities.
- Passive: All the good qualities are embodied in our principal.

• Present indefinite tense - এর assertive sentence -এর active voice -কে passive voice -করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়ে যায়।
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb (am/is/are) বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- তারপর preposition (by, with, to, at, in etc. বসবে)।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়ে যায়।

• সাধারণত, আমরা জানি passive voice এ obj এর পূর্বে preposition হিসেবে by বসে।
- তবে কিছু verb আছে যেগুলোর পরে passive এ in বসে।
- যেমন: Embody, Contain, Include, ইত্যাদি।

Source:
1. A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
2. Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.

২৭৯.

We knew the answer to the question. (Make it passive)

ক
The answer of the question was known to us.
খ
The answer to the question was known to us.
গ
The answer of the question was known by us.
ঘ
The answer to the question was known by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The answer to the question was known to us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The answer to the question was known to us.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object প্রথমে বসে +
- was/were +
- মূল verb এর past participle form +
- by +
- subject টির objective form বসে +
- extension.

• অনেক ক্ষেত্রে active voice এর subject কে passive voice এ object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য preposition বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with ইত্যাদি।
- প্রদত্ত sentence এর verb হচ্ছে 'know'. Know এর পর preposition হিসেবে 'to' ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Active: We knew the answer to the question.
Passive: The answer to the question was known to us.

২৮০.

“They elected her captain''. বাক্যের পরিবর্তিত voice form হচ্ছে-

ক
ক) She has been elected captain by them.
খ
খ) She elected captain by them.
গ
গ) She was elected captain by them.
ঘ
ঘ) She is elected captain by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) She was elected captain by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) She was elected captain by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Factive object যুক্ত past indefinite tense এর structure:
Pronominal obj কে Sub + was/were + V3 + factitive obj + by + sub কে obj.
সুতরাং প্রদত্ত বাক্যের Passive: She was elected captain by them.

২৮১.

Who has written Songs of Offerings? (Make it passive)

ক
By whom Songs of Offerings has written?
খ
Songs of Offerings has written by whom?
গ
Whom has written by Songs of Offerings?
ঘ
Who has Songs of Offerings been written by?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Who has Songs of Offerings been written by?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Who has Songs of Offerings been written by?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে passive voice এর শুরুতে By whom বসে।
- তারপর একটি auxiliary verb তারপর sentence এর subject বসে; auxiliary verb টি subject এর number ও person অনুযায়ী হয়।

• তবে আরেকটি নিয়মানুযায়ী,
- প্রথমে By who না বসিয়ে পরেও বসানো যায়।
- আর এ ক্ষেত্রে whom না বসিয়ে who দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু এবং by দিয়ে বাক্য শেষ হয়।

• আলোচ্য বাক্যের passive voice এ ‘Songs of offerings’ subject টি singular হওয়ায় auxiliary verb ‘has’ হবে।
- Correct Passive form: Who has Songs of Offerings been written by?
- অন্য নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - By whom has Songs of Offerings written?

২৮২.

I gave Runa a phone. (Make it passive)

ক
I was given a phone by Runa.
খ
Runa was given a phone by me.
গ
A phone is given to Runa by me.
ঘ
A phone was given me by Runa.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Runa was given a phone by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Runa was given a phone by me.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Double object যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
1) দুটি object এর যেকোন একটিকে passive voice এর subject করতে হয় (তবে ব্যক্তিবাচক অর্থাৎ Indirect object- কে subject করাই শ্রেয়) +
2) Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে +
3) প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে +
4) প্রদত্ত বাকী object টি বসে +
5) by বসে +
6) প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject টি object রূপে বসে।

Active: I gave Runa a phone.
Passive: Runa was given a phone by me.

২৮৩.

Identify the correct passive form from the following sentences.

ক
Light filled the room.
খ
The room was filled with light.
গ
The room was filled by light.
ঘ
The room is filling with light.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The room was filled with light.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The room was filled with light.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Subject কে object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য preposition যেমন: to, at, on, with ইত্যাদি ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- নীচের উদাহরণ গুলি খেয়াল করি -

- I was annoyed with him.
- I was surprised at his behavior.
- The writer was seized with panic.

Source: Advanced learner’s Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮৪.

The man_____ for murder tonight.

ক
ক) was hanged
খ
খ) was hung
গ
গ) is being hanged
ঘ
ঘ) is hanged

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) is being hanged

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

গ) is being hanged

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

প্রদত্ত শূন্যস্থান পূরণের জন্য সর্বাধিক ‍উপযুক্ত অপশন হলো - is being hanged.

- পুরো বাক্যটি যে অর্থ প্রদান করছে তা হল- মানুষটিকে তার সংঘটিত অপরাধের জন্য আজ রাতে ফাঁসি দেয়া হচ্ছে।
- এটি passive form এ আছে এবং present continuous এর অর্থ দিচ্ছে।
- সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে- The man is being hanged for murder tonight."

এছাড়া,
- বাকী অপশন গুলো অর্থের সাথে সঙ্গতিপূর্ণ নয় এবং grammatically incorrect.

২৮৫.

Don’t disturb the children. [passive]

ক
Let not the children to be disturbed.
খ
Let not the children be disturbed.
গ
Let not the children being disturbed.
ঘ
Let not the children been disturbed.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not the children be disturbed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not the children be disturbed.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Imperative Sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Objectটি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

- Active Voice: Don’t forget your classwork.
- Passive Voice: Let not your classwork be forgotten.

Active: Don’t disturb the children.
Passive: Let not the children be disturbed.

২৮৬.

Identify the correct indirect speech. He said, "How breathtaking the fireworks display was!"

ক
He exclaimed that the fireworks display was very breathtaking.
খ
He exclaimed that the fireworks display had been very breathtaking.
গ
He exclaimed with joy that the fireworks display was very breathtaking.
ঘ
He exclaimed with joy that the fireworks display were very breathtaking.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

He exclaimed that the fireworks display had been very breathtaking.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

He exclaimed that the fireworks display had been very breathtaking.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Direct Speech: He said, "How breathtaking the fireworks display was!"
Indirect Speech: He exclaimed that the fireworks display had been very breathtaking.

• Exclamatory Sentence- এ ক্ষেত্রে Narration এর নিয়মানুযায়ী,
→ Direct speech এ reporting verb (said) past tense এ থাকায়, Indirect speech এ reporting verb 'exclaimed' হবে।
→ direct speech এ 'was' থাকায় reported speech- এ 'had been' হবে।
→ exclamatory sentence এ how থাকলে assertive sentence এ very বসে।

২৮৭.

Who offered you the task? (Make it passive)

ক
The task was offered to you by whom?
খ
By whom was the task offered to you?
গ
Who was the task offered by?
ঘ
To whom was the task offered by you?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom was the task offered to you?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom was the task offered to you?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Who offered you the task?
Passive Voice: By whom was the task offered to you?

• Who যুক্ত interrogative sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom +
- Auxiliary verb +
- object টির Subject +
- মূল verb এর past participle +
- by/ to/with +
- Subject এর Object +
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন।

২৮৮.

They have started the meeting. (Make it passive)

ক
ক) The meeting has been started by them.
খ
খ) The meeting is being started by them.
গ
গ) The meeting have been started by them.
ঘ
ঘ) The meeting has started by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The meeting has been started by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The meeting has been started by them.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত active বাক্য Present perfect Tense এ রয়েছে।

• Present perfect Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subjective form
- have been/ has been
- মূল verb এর past participle
- by + subject এর objective form.

• নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - The meeting has been started by them.

২৮৯.

Change the voice of the following sentence.
A new project will be started by them in the coming month.

ক
A new project will be being started by them in the coming month.
খ
A new project will have started by them in the coming month.
গ
They will start a new project in the coming month.
ঘ
They will start a new project in the next month.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

They will start a new project in the coming month.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

They will start a new project in the coming month.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active থেকে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তর করার প্রক্রিয়া:
a) Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়ে যায়।
b) Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject এ রুপান্তর হয়।
c) মূল verb এর past participle হয় এবং subject ও tense অনুসারে auxiliary verb/be verb হয়।

• Passive voice এ Future Tense এর নিয়মসমূহ:
Future Indefinite Tense = Sub + shall/will + be + V₃.
Future Continuous Tense = Sub + shall/will + be + being + V₃.
Future Perfect Tense = Sub + shall/will + have + been + V₃.

• প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি Passive Voice এ Future Indefinite Tense এ আছে।
- তাই Active Voice এ Future Indefinite Tense এ হবে।

অতএব, সঠিক উত্তর - They will start a new project in the coming month.

২৯০.

'It must have been broken by her.' (Make it active)

ক
ক) She must have broken it
খ
খ) It was broken by her
গ
গ) She must have been broken by it
ঘ
ঘ) She might have broken it

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) She must have broken it

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) She must have broken it

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive structure যদি Subject + Modal auxiliary + have been + v3 + by + object হয় তাহলে active form হবে Subject (object থেকে আসা) + Modal auxiliary + have + v3 + object.
অতএব, প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির active form: She must have broken it.

২৯১.

Fire burnt the ship. (Make it passive)

ক
ক) The ship was burnt.
খ
খ) The ship was burnt by fire
গ
গ) The ship was burnt with fire.
ঘ
ঘ) The ship was burnt to fire.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The ship was burnt.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) The ship was burnt.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• সঠিক উত্তর হবে - The ship was burnt.
- Active voice এ যদি subject হিসেবে people, one, someone, somebody, fire ইত্যাদি থাকে, তাহলে passive করার সময় তাদেরকে by সহ লেখা হয় না।

২৯২.

In each of the following questions, a sentence has been given in Active voice. Out of the four alternatives suggested select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Passive voice (Qs.13-15).
They confirmed that they attended the meeting.

ক
The meeting was attended by them was confirmed by them.
খ
It was confirmed by them that they attended the meeting.
গ
It was confirmed by them that the meeting was attended by them.
ঘ
The meeting was attended by them that was confirmed by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

It was confirmed by them that the meeting was attended by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

It was confirmed by them that the meeting was attended by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Complex এবং compound sentence-যুক্ত Active voice-কে passive-এ পরিণত করার সময় উভয় clause-এর voice পরিবর্তন করা হয়।

- এরূপ ক্ষেত্রে কখনো কখনো introductory 'It' ব্যবহার করতে হয় এবং If যুক্ত clause that দ্বারা অন্য clause টির সাথে যুক্ত হয়।

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি একটি complex sentence.

- তাই এর passive করবার ক্ষেত্রে উভয় clause-এর voice পরিবর্তন করতে হবে।
- কিন্তু clause গুলো স্থান পরিবর্তন করবে না।

• আবার, বাক্যের দুইটি clause ই Past indefinite tense রয়েছে।

- এক্ষেত্রে উভয় clause past indefinite tense এর নিয়ম অনুযাইয়ী পরিবর্তিত হবে।

- Past indefinite tense কে passive voice করতে হলে sub + was/were + মূল verb এর past participle ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• নিয়মানুযায়ী,

Active: They confirmed that they attended the meeting.

Passive: It was confirmed by them that the meeting was attended by them.

Source: Applied English Grammar and Composition by P. C. Das.

২৯৩.

Change the voice.
We shall be taking tea.

ক
Tea shall be taken by us.
খ
We shall be taken tea.
গ
Tea will be taken us.
ঘ
Tea will be being taken by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Tea will be being taken by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Tea will be being taken by us.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Future continuous tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
• Structure:
- Object এর subjective form + shall be being/will be being + verb এর past participle form + by + subject এর objective form.
- Active: We shall be taking tea.
- Passive: Tea will be being taken by us.
- এ বাক্যে Object হচ্ছে - tea এবং এটি হবে এখন - subject
- যেহেতু বাক্যটি Future continuous tense এ রয়েছে, তাই সে অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসেছে - shall be being/will be being.
- মূল verb - take এর past participle form হচ্ছে - taken.
- এরপর বসবে by + Subject - We এর objective form- us.

• এ জাতীয় আরোও একটি উদাহরণ হচ্ছে -
- Active: They will be playing football.
- Passive: Football will be being played by them.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain

২৯৪.

The artist painted a beautiful landscape. (Make it passive)

ক
A beautiful landscape was be painted by the artist.
খ
A beautiful landscape was being painted by the artist.
গ
A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.
ঘ
A beautiful landscape painted by the artist.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:

- Object টির subject form +

- was/were +

- মূল verb এর past participle +

- by +

- subject টির objective form বসে।

Active Voice: The artist painted a beautiful landscape.

Passive Voice: A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

২৯৫.

Transform the sentence into passive voice:
'He begged to stay a little longer.'

ক
He begged that a little longer may be stayed.
খ
He begged that a little longer is being stayed.
গ
He begged that a little longer should be stayed.
ঘ
He begged that a little longer to be stayed.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

He begged that a little longer should be stayed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

He begged that a little longer should be stayed.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active Voice: He begged to stay a little longer.
• Passive Voice: He begged that a little longer should be stayed. (গ)

• Agree/ beg/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Active: Sompa decided to sell the house.
Passive: Sompa decided that the house should be sold.

Active: He refused to accept the offer.
Passive: He refused that the offer should be accepted.

২৯৬.

Change the voice:
What did he write?

ক
What was written by he?
খ
What was written by him?
গ
What were written by him?
ঘ
What written by him was?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

What was written by him?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

What was written by him?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct Answer: খ) What was written by him?

- What did he write?
- Active Voice-এ What থাকলে passive voice-এ 'what' হবে।
- Tense অনুসারে Auxiliary Verb বসিয়ে Passive Voice হবে।
- শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন হবে।
- What was written by him?

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

২৯৭.

Which of the following is the correct passive form of the following sentence: They let us go.

ক
ক) We were let go by them.
খ
খ) We were being let go by them.
গ
গ) We had been let go by them.
ঘ
ঘ) We are let go by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) We were let go by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

ক) We were let go by them.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, see, feel, let, know, heed, bid, dare, watch etc. verb গুলোর Active voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু passive করার সময় তাদের পরে to বসে

- তবে let verb টির পর Active ও passive উভয় ক্ষেত্রেই to বসে না।
Example:
Active: They let us go.
Passive: We were let go by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৯৮.

The correct passive form of ''The stories read well'' is-

ক
The stories are well when when they are read.
খ
The story is well when its read.
গ
The story is well when they are read.
ঘ
The stories are well when they are read.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The stories are well when they are read.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The stories are well when they are read.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

ব্যাখ্যা:
quasi-passive Verb বলতে এমন কিছু verb বুঝায় যেগুলো half active এবং half passive। Sell, build, smell, taste হল খুবই প্রচলিত কিছু quasi-passive Verb। কিন্তু এছাড়াও কিছু verb quasi-passive sense প্রকাশ করতে পারে।
যেমন, এই বাক্যটির অর্থ হল: গল্পগুলো পড়তে ভাল লাগে। অর্থাৎ, এই বাক্যটিতে কোন কর্তা পাচ্ছি না আমরা। গল্পটি পড়তে কার ভাল লাগে সে কথা বলা নেই। তাই, এটি passive অর্থ প্রকাশ করে।
quasi-passive verb দুই ধরণের হতে পারে। উপরের বাক্যটিতে well হল complement। Complement-বিশিষ্ট quasi-passive verb কোন বাক্যে থাকলে তাকে passive করতে হলে এই structure অণুসরণ করতে হয়:
passive: S+ be-verb + complement +when (if)+it/they+be verb+Verb-এর past participle।

২৯৯.

He made Rina write the essay. (Change the voice.)

ক
Rina had been made to write the essay by him.
খ
Rina was made to write the essay by him.
গ
Rina was made write the essay by him.
ঘ
Rina was being made to write the essay by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Rina was made to write the essay by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Rina was made to write the essay by him.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: He made Rina write the essay.
- এখানে Active voice এ 'made' থাকায় passive করার সময় 'to' বসবে।
Passive: Rina was made to write the essay by him.

৩০০.

Submit your task. (Change the voice.)

ক
Let your task had been submitted.
খ
Let your task be submit.
গ
Let your task be submitted.
ঘ
Let your task had submitted.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let your task be submitted.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let your task be submitted.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Imperative Sentence - এ প্রদত্ত active voice কে passive voice - এ পরিবর্তন করতে হলে -
- প্রথম let বসে
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- be বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।

Active Voice: Submit your task.
Passive Voice: Let your task be submitted.