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Pulmonary Diseases

মোট প্রশ্ন২৫এই পাতা২৫প্রতি পাতা১০০
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Pulmonary Diseases

PrepBank · পাতা ১ / ১ · ১–২৫ / ২৫

১.
Most common cause of bronchiactesis
  1. ক
    ক) Cystic fibrosis
  2. খ
    খ) Tuberculosis
  3. গ
    গ) Supporative pneumonia
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Bronchial tumor
ব্যাখ্যা
TB is most common cause of Bronchiectasis
২.
Obstructive airway disease -
  1. ক
    Asthma
  2. খ
    Pneumonia
  3. গ
    ARDS
  4. ঘ
    Interstitial lung disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Obstructive pulmonary disease -
Asthma
COPD
৩.
Causes of chronic type-2 respiratory failure excludes
  1. ক
    ক) COPD
  2. খ
    খ) Sleep apnoea
  3. গ
    গ) Lobar collapse
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Myopathies
ব্যাখ্যা
Type-1 respiratory failure occurs in lobar collapse
৪.
Which of the following is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?
  1. ক
    ক) Squamous carcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Small cell carcinoma
  3. গ
    গ) Adenocarcinoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Large cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Adenocarcinoma is the most common cancers in non-smokers.
৫.
Stages of lobar pneumonia excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Congestion
  2. খ
    খ) Red hepatisation
  3. গ
    গ) Blue hepatisation
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Resolution
ব্যাখ্যা
• In lobar pneumonia, four stages of the inflammatory response have classically been described: congestion, red hepatization, gray hepatization, and resolution.
৬.
Which lung cancer is common in women?
  1. ক
    ক) Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. গ
    গ) Small cell carcinoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Large cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer; in women and nonsmokers, adenocarcinomas are the most common cancers.
৭.
Type 2 respiratory failure is clinically present as -
  1. ক
    Hypoxia
  2. খ
    Hypoxia and hypercapnia
  3. গ
    Foreign body
  4. ঘ
    Pulmonary fibrosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Clinical features of type 2 respiratory failure :
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Airway obsteuction
Cor pulmonale
Signs of precipitating factors
৮.
Which is not the cause of bronchiectasis -
  1. ক
    Congenital cystic fibrosis
  2. খ
    Infections
  3. গ
    Bronchial obstruction
  4. ঘ
    Long standing asthma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of bronchiactasis :
Congenital or hereditary conditions
Infections
Bronchial obstruction
Rheumatoid arthritis,SLE,Inflammatory bowel disease,COPD,Post transplantation
৯.
Causes of chronic type-2 respiratory failure excludes
  1. ক
    ক) COPD
  2. খ
    খ) Sleep apnoea
  3. গ
    গ) Lobar collapse
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Myopathies
ব্যাখ্যা
Type-1 respiratory failure occurs in lobar collapse
১০.
Signs of consolidation -
  1. ক
    Excessive chest expansion
  2. খ
    Purcussion note : Hyperresonant
  3. গ
    Bronchial breadth sound
  4. ঘ
    Decreased vocal resonance
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Signs of consolidation -
Inspection - Increased respiratory rate
Palpation- Reduced chest expansion,increased vocal fremitus
Percussion - Dull over affected area
Auscultation - Bronchial bredth sound,Increased vocal resonance 
১১.
Which type of emphysema is seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency
  1. ক
    ক) Centriacinar
  2. খ
    খ) Panacinar
  3. গ
    গ) Distal acinar
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Irregular
ব্যাখ্যা

 Emphysema is a chronic obstructive airway disease characterized by permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles.
 It is a component of along with chronic bronchitis.
 Subtypes include centriacinar (most common, smoking related), panacinar (seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency), distal acinar and irregular.

১২.
Pneumothorax is characterized by -
  1. ক
    Bronchial breath sound
  2. খ
    Reduced breath sound
  3. গ
    Hyper - resonant breath sound
  4. ঘ
    Ronchi
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Pneumothorax -
Inspection - Restricted chest movement
Palpation - Trachea and apex beat shifted to opposite side
Percussion - Resonant percussion note
Auscultation - 
Breath sound absent
No added sound
১৩.
Which is not emergency condition -
  1. ক
    DKA
  2. খ
    Tension pneumothorax
  3. গ
    Chronic bronchitis
  4. ঘ
    Acute severe asthma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Respiratory emergency -
Tension pneumothorax
Acute severe bronchial asthma
Acutr exacervation of COPD

Endocrine emergency :
DKA
Hypoglycemia
Thyrotoxic coma
১৪.
Acute type-1 respiratory failure occurs in which of the following condition?
  1. ক
    ক) Pneumonia
  2. খ
    খ) COPD
  3. গ
    গ) Lung fibrosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Right-to-left shunts
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Acute type-1 respiratory failure occurs in pneumonia, chronic type-1 respiratory failure occurs in COPD, lung fibrosis, rt to left shunt.
১৫.
Bronchiectasis usually affects which of the following area of the lung?
  1. ক
    ক) Left Upper lobe
  2. খ
    খ) Right middle lobe
  3. গ
    গ) Left lower lobe
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Right & left lower lobe
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Bronchiectasis usually affects the lower lobes bilaterally
১৬.
Which of the following are the key inflammatory cells in B. asthma?
  1. ক
    ক) Neutrophils
  2. খ
    খ) Lymphocyte
  3. গ
    গ) Eosinophils
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Basophils
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Eosinophils are key inflammatory cells found in almost all subtypes of asthma
১৭.
Bronchiectasis usually affects
  1. ক
    ক) Upper lobe unilaterally
  2. খ
    খ) Upper lobe bilaterally
  3. গ
    গ) Lower lobe bilaterally
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lower lobe unilaterally
ব্যাখ্যা
• Bronchiectasis is a disorder in which destruction of smooth muscle and elastic tissue by chronic necrotizing infections leads to permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles
• Bronchiectasis usually affects the lower lobes bilaterally
• The airways are dilated, sometimes up to four times normal size.
১৮.
Most important risk factor for chronic bronchitis
  1. ক
    ক) Smoking
  2. খ
    খ) Genetic predisposition
  3. গ
    গ) Air pollutant
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Atopy
ব্যাখ্যা
Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor; air pollutants also contribute.
১৯.
Most common complications of pneumonia -
  1. ক
    Bronchial asthma
  2. খ
    Para -pneumonic effusion
  3. গ
    Hepatitis
  4. ঘ
    Pulmonary embolism
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Complications of pneumonia-
Para- pneumonic effusion ( most common)
Empyema
Lung abscess
Lober collapse
Hepatitis,pericarditis
DVT
ARDS
Pneumothorax
২০.
Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least …consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years?
  1. ক
    ক) 1
  2. খ
    খ) 2
  3. গ
    গ) 3
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 4
ব্যাখ্যা
Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
২১.
Features of consolidation -
  1. ক
    Crepitation
  2. খ
    Diminised breath sound
  3. গ
    Diminished vocal resonance
  4. ঘ
    Mediastinal shifting
ব্যাখ্যা
Features of consolidation -
Crepitation
Bronchial breath sound
২২.
Asthma -
  1. ক
    Acute airway disorder
  2. খ
    Episodic bronchoconstriction
  3. গ
    Episodes mostly in evening
  4. ঘ
    Type III hypersensitivity
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the conducting airways,usually caused by immunological reaction,is marked by episodic bronchoconstriction. 
Menifested by recurrent episodes of wheezing,breathlessness,chest tightness,Cough
২৩.
Persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years
  1. ক
    ক) COPD
  2. খ
    খ) Chronic bronchitis
  3. গ
    গ) Emphysema
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Bronchiectasis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
২৪.
Most common type of bronchogenic carcinoma in smoker male -
  1. ক
    Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. গ
    Small cell carcinoma
  4. ঘ
    Large cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Most common bronchogenic carcinoma :
Male - Squamous cell carcinoma
Female - Adenocarcinoma
২৫.
Causes of haemoptysis -
  1. ক
    Bronchial asthma
  2. খ
    Sarcoidosis
  3. গ
    Bronciactasis
  4. ঘ
    Chronic bronchitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Common cause of haemoptysis -
Tuberculosis
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Lung abscess
Bronchiactasis
Pulmonary embolism
LVF
MS
Bleeding disorder