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Pulmonary Diseases

মোট প্রশ্ন২৫এই পাতা২৫প্রতি পাতা১০০
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Pulmonary Diseases

PrepBank · পাতা / · ২৫ / ২৫

.
Most common cause of bronchiactesis
  1. ক) Cystic fibrosis
  2. খ) Tuberculosis
  3. গ) Supporative pneumonia
  4. ঘ) Bronchial tumor
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Tuberculosis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Tuberculosis
ব্যাখ্যা
TB is most common cause of Bronchiectasis
.
Obstructive airway disease -
  1. Asthma
  2. Pneumonia
  3. ARDS
  4. Interstitial lung disease
সঠিক উত্তর:
Asthma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Asthma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Obstructive pulmonary disease -
Asthma
COPD
.
Causes of chronic type-2 respiratory failure excludes
  1. ক) COPD
  2. খ) Sleep apnoea
  3. গ) Lobar collapse
  4. ঘ) Myopathies
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lobar collapse
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lobar collapse
ব্যাখ্যা
Type-1 respiratory failure occurs in lobar collapse
.
Which of the following is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?
  1. ক) Squamous carcinoma
  2. খ) Small cell carcinoma
  3. গ) Adenocarcinoma
  4. ঘ) Large cell carcinoma
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Adenocarcinoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Adenocarcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Adenocarcinoma is the most common cancers in non-smokers.
.
Stages of lobar pneumonia excludes
  1. ক) Congestion
  2. খ) Red hepatisation
  3. গ) Blue hepatisation
  4. ঘ) Resolution
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Blue hepatisation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Blue hepatisation
ব্যাখ্যা
• In lobar pneumonia, four stages of the inflammatory response have classically been described: congestion, red hepatization, gray hepatization, and resolution.
.
Which lung cancer is common in women?
  1. ক) Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ) Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. গ) Small cell carcinoma
  4. ঘ) Large cell carcinoma
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Adenocarcinoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Adenocarcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer; in women and nonsmokers, adenocarcinomas are the most common cancers.
.
Type 2 respiratory failure is clinically present as -
  1. Hypoxia
  2. Hypoxia and hypercapnia
  3. Foreign body
  4. Pulmonary fibrosis
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypoxia and hypercapnia
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypoxia and hypercapnia
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Clinical features of type 2 respiratory failure :
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Airway obsteuction
Cor pulmonale
Signs of precipitating factors
.
Which is not the cause of bronchiectasis -
  1. Congenital cystic fibrosis
  2. Infections
  3. Bronchial obstruction
  4. Long standing asthma
সঠিক উত্তর:
Long standing asthma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Long standing asthma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of bronchiactasis :
Congenital or hereditary conditions
Infections
Bronchial obstruction
Rheumatoid arthritis,SLE,Inflammatory bowel disease,COPD,Post transplantation
.
Causes of chronic type-2 respiratory failure excludes
  1. ক) COPD
  2. খ) Sleep apnoea
  3. গ) Lobar collapse
  4. ঘ) Myopathies
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lobar collapse
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lobar collapse
ব্যাখ্যা
Type-1 respiratory failure occurs in lobar collapse
১০.
Signs of consolidation -
  1. Excessive chest expansion
  2. Purcussion note : Hyperresonant
  3. Bronchial breadth sound
  4. Decreased vocal resonance
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bronchial breadth sound
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bronchial breadth sound
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Signs of consolidation -
Inspection - Increased respiratory rate
Palpation- Reduced chest expansion,increased vocal fremitus
Percussion - Dull over affected area
Auscultation - Bronchial bredth sound,Increased vocal resonance 
১১.
Which type of emphysema is seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency
  1. ক) Centriacinar
  2. খ) Panacinar
  3. গ) Distal acinar
  4. ঘ) Irregular
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Panacinar
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Panacinar
ব্যাখ্যা

 Emphysema is a chronic obstructive airway disease characterized by permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles.
 It is a component of along with chronic bronchitis.
 Subtypes include centriacinar (most common, smoking related), panacinar (seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency), distal acinar and irregular.

১২.
Pneumothorax is characterized by -
  1. Bronchial breath sound
  2. Reduced breath sound
  3. Hyper - resonant breath sound
  4. Ronchi
সঠিক উত্তর:
Reduced breath sound
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Reduced breath sound
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Pneumothorax -
Inspection - Restricted chest movement
Palpation - Trachea and apex beat shifted to opposite side
Percussion - Resonant percussion note
Auscultation - 
Breath sound absent
No added sound
১৩.
Which is not emergency condition -
  1. DKA
  2. Tension pneumothorax
  3. Chronic bronchitis
  4. Acute severe asthma
সঠিক উত্তর:
Chronic bronchitis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Chronic bronchitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Respiratory emergency -
Tension pneumothorax
Acute severe bronchial asthma
Acutr exacervation of COPD

Endocrine emergency :
DKA
Hypoglycemia
Thyrotoxic coma
১৪.
Acute type-1 respiratory failure occurs in which of the following condition?
  1. ক) Pneumonia
  2. খ) COPD
  3. গ) Lung fibrosis
  4. ঘ) Right-to-left shunts
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Pneumonia
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Pneumonia
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Acute type-1 respiratory failure occurs in pneumonia, chronic type-1 respiratory failure occurs in COPD, lung fibrosis, rt to left shunt.
১৫.
Bronchiectasis usually affects which of the following area of the lung?
  1. ক) Left Upper lobe
  2. খ) Right middle lobe
  3. গ) Left lower lobe
  4. ঘ) Right & left lower lobe
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Right & left lower lobe
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Right & left lower lobe
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Bronchiectasis usually affects the lower lobes bilaterally
১৬.
Which of the following are the key inflammatory cells in B. asthma?
  1. ক) Neutrophils
  2. খ) Lymphocyte
  3. গ) Eosinophils
  4. ঘ) Basophils
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Eosinophils
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Eosinophils
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Eosinophils are key inflammatory cells found in almost all subtypes of asthma
১৭.
Bronchiectasis usually affects
  1. ক) Upper lobe unilaterally
  2. খ) Upper lobe bilaterally
  3. গ) Lower lobe bilaterally
  4. ঘ) Lower lobe unilaterally
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lower lobe bilaterally
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Lower lobe bilaterally
ব্যাখ্যা
• Bronchiectasis is a disorder in which destruction of smooth muscle and elastic tissue by chronic necrotizing infections leads to permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles
• Bronchiectasis usually affects the lower lobes bilaterally
• The airways are dilated, sometimes up to four times normal size.
১৮.
Most important risk factor for chronic bronchitis
  1. ক) Smoking
  2. খ) Genetic predisposition
  3. গ) Air pollutant
  4. ঘ) Atopy
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Smoking
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Smoking
ব্যাখ্যা
Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor; air pollutants also contribute.
১৯.
Most common complications of pneumonia -
  1. Bronchial asthma
  2. Para -pneumonic effusion
  3. Hepatitis
  4. Pulmonary embolism
সঠিক উত্তর:
Para -pneumonic effusion
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Para -pneumonic effusion
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Complications of pneumonia-
Para- pneumonic effusion ( most common)
Empyema
Lung abscess
Lober collapse
Hepatitis,pericarditis
DVT
ARDS
Pneumothorax
২০.
Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least …consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years?
  1. ক) 1
  2. খ) 2
  3. গ) 3
  4. ঘ) 4
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) 3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) 3
ব্যাখ্যা
Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
২১.
Features of consolidation -
  1. Crepitation
  2. Diminised breath sound
  3. Diminished vocal resonance
  4. Mediastinal shifting
সঠিক উত্তর:
Crepitation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Crepitation
ব্যাখ্যা
Features of consolidation -
Crepitation
Bronchial breath sound
২২.
Asthma -
  1. Acute airway disorder
  2. Episodic bronchoconstriction
  3. Episodes mostly in evening
  4. Type III hypersensitivity
সঠিক উত্তর:
Episodic bronchoconstriction
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Episodic bronchoconstriction
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the conducting airways,usually caused by immunological reaction,is marked by episodic bronchoconstriction. 
Menifested by recurrent episodes of wheezing,breathlessness,chest tightness,Cough
২৩.
Persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years
  1. ক) COPD
  2. খ) Chronic bronchitis
  3. গ) Emphysema
  4. ঘ) Bronchiectasis
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Chronic bronchitis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Chronic bronchitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
২৪.
Most common type of bronchogenic carcinoma in smoker male -
  1. Adenocarcinoma
  2. Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. Small cell carcinoma
  4. Large cell carcinoma
সঠিক উত্তর:
Squamous cell carcinoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Squamous cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Most common bronchogenic carcinoma :
Male - Squamous cell carcinoma
Female - Adenocarcinoma
২৫.
Causes of haemoptysis -
  1. Bronchial asthma
  2. Sarcoidosis
  3. Bronciactasis
  4. Chronic bronchitis
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bronciactasis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bronciactasis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Common cause of haemoptysis -
Tuberculosis
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Lung abscess
Bronchiactasis
Pulmonary embolism
LVF
MS
Bleeding disorder