Explanation : Examples of illnesses resulting from type IV hypersensitivity reactions include contact dermatitis drug hypersensitivity GVHD Tuberculin test Lepromin test Tumor immunity Type I DM Hashimoto thyroiditis Erythema multiforme
২.
Most common form of graft rejection
ক
ক) Acute humoral rejection
খ
খ) Hyperacute rejection
গ
গ) Acute cellular rejection
ঘ
ঘ) Chronic allograft failure
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd, Page:- 89
৩.
Which of the following is pathognomonic for acute rheumatic fever?
ক
ক) Carditis
খ
খ) Erythema
গ
গ) Aschoff nodules
ঘ
ঘ) Polyarthritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Aschoff nodule is Pathognomonic for acute rheumatic fever
৪.
Which is the most common form of graft rejection?
ক
ক) Hyperacute rejection
খ
খ) Acute cellular rejection
গ
গ) Acute vascular rejection
ঘ
ঘ) Chronic allograft rejection
ব্যাখ্যা
Acute cellular rejection is the most common form of graft rejection
৫.
Transient suppression of delayed hypersensitivity occurs in
ক
ক) AIDS
খ
খ) Measles
গ
গ) Mumps
ঘ
ঘ) Polio
৬.
Hypersensitivity in TB
ক
ক) Type-1
খ
খ) Type-2
গ
গ) Type-3
ঘ
ঘ) Type-4
ব্যাখ্যা
Infection typically leads to the development of delayed hypersensitivity to M. tuberculosis antigens, which can be detected by the tuberculin (PPD, or Mantoux) skin test.
৭.
A positive tuberculin test signifies which type of immunity?
ক
ক) T-cell mediated
খ
খ) B-cell mediated
গ
গ) Complement mediated
ঘ
ঘ) Phaogocyte mediated
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: A positive tuberculin test signifies T-cell–mediated immunity to mycobacterial antigens but does not differentiate between infection and active disease.
৮.
Immune complex mediated hypersensitivity
ক
ক) Allergic disease
খ
খ) Goodpasture’s disease
গ
গ) SLE
ঘ
ঘ) Type 1 diabetes
ব্যাখ্যা
SLE is Immune complex mediated hypersensitivity
৯.
Clinical menifestation of anaphylaxis except ( type I hypersensitivity) -
ক
Bradycardia
খ
Btonchospasm
গ
Hypotension
ঘ
Urticaria
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation - Symptoms Skin reactions, including hives and itching and flushed or pale skin. Low blood pressure (hypotension) Constriction of the airways and a swollen tongue or throat, which can cause wheezing and trouble breathing. A weak and rapid pulse. Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Dizziness or fainting.
১০.
Minor manifestation of rheumatic fever
ক
ক) Carditis
খ
খ) Arthalgia
গ
গ) Chorea
ঘ
ঘ) Erythema marginatum
ব্যাখ্যা
Others are major criteria
১১.
Mechanism of hyperacute transplant rejection -
ক
CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte
খ
Preformed antibody
গ
T and B lymphocyte
ঘ
Cytokine related
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Hyperacute rejection: Occurs within minutes to hours Due to preformed antibody and complement activation (type II hypersensitivity)
১২.
Immune mediated disease caused by S. pyogenes
ক
ক) Impetigo
খ
খ) Scarlet fever
গ
গ) Toxic shock
ঘ
ঘ) Rheumatic fever
১৩.
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction occurs in tuberculosis?
ক
ক) I
খ
খ) II
গ
গ) III
ঘ
ঘ) IV
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Delayed type of hypesensitivity.
১৪.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with which type of hypersensitivity?
ক
ক) Type-I
খ
খ) Type-II
গ
গ) Type-III
ঘ
ঘ) Type-IV
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with type-IV hypersensitivity
১৫.
Type of hypersensitivity in SLE
ক
ক) 1
খ
খ) 2
গ
গ) 3
ঘ
ঘ) 4
ব্যাখ্যা
- The fundamental defect in SLE is a failure of the mechanisms that maintain self-tolerance. - Most of the systemic lesions are caused by immune complexes (type III hypersensitivity).
১৬.
Chronic rheumatic heart disease is usually affecting which of the following heart valve?
ক
ক) Aortic
খ
খ) Pulmonary
গ
গ) Mitral
ঘ
ঘ) Tricuspid
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Chronic rheumatic heart disease most commonly affects the mitral valve and is responsible for 99% of acquired mitral stenosis
১৭.
Major criteria of rheumatic fever -
ক
Fever
খ
Arthalgia
গ
Chorea
ঘ
Raised ESR
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Major criteria of rheumatic fever : Carditis Polyarthritis( migratory) Chorea Erythema marginatum Subcutaneous nodules Minor criteria : Fever Arthalgia Previous rheumatic fever Raised ESR Leucocytosis First degree AV block
১৮.
A positive tuberculin test signifies ... mediated immunity to mycobacterial antigen
ক
ক) T-cell
খ
খ) B-cell
গ
গ) NK cell
ঘ
ঘ) AP cell
ব্যাখ্যা
A positive tuberculin test signifies T-cell–mediated immunity to mycobacterial antigens but does not differentiate between infection and active disease.
১৯.
False-negative reactions in MT may occur in all of the following except
ক
ক) Sarcoidosis
খ
খ) Malnutrition
গ
গ) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
ঘ
ঘ) Immunosuppression
ব্যাখ্যা
False-negative reactions may occur in the setting of certain viral infections, sarcoidosis, malnutrition, Hodgkin lymphoma, immunosuppression,
২০.
The mantoux test -
ক
Is positive in all patient with tuberculosis
খ
Involves injecting PPD intradermally
গ
Is more sensitive than light microscopy
ঘ
Become postive within 1 week of acquiring tuberculosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation - The Mantoux test or Mendel–Mantoux test or PPD test for purified protein derivative, is a tool for screening for tuberculosis (TB) and for tuberculosis diagnosis. Not specific Many false positive/ negetive results Is not diagnostic of tuberculosis Positive 4-6 weeks after infection of tuberculosis.
২১.
Key inflammatory cell in asthma
ক
ক) Neutrophil
খ
খ) Eosinophil
গ
গ) Basophil
ঘ
ঘ) Macrophage
ব্যাখ্যা
• Asthma is characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction caused by airway hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. • Atopic asthma is caused by a TH2 and IgE-mediated immunologic reaction to environmental allergens • Eosinophils are key inflammatory cells found in almost all subtypes of asthma
২২.
Which of the following immunoglobulin is greatly associated with B.asthma?