৪০ দিনে ৪৭তম বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি - Archived

Hyperbole:
- (অতিরঞ্জন বা অতিশয়োক্তি)
- An exaggerated statement or an extreme overstatement. Generally it is used for emphasis or comic effect.
- কোন ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে তার বাস্তব অবস্থানের চেয়ে বাড়িয়ে বলা। যেমন আমরা প্রায়ই এরকম বলে থাকি। 
- I have told you a million times not to disturb me.     
- Example: Ten thousand saw I at a glance. ( Wordsworth: Daffodils)

Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr. M Mofizar Rahman

Ballad: (লোকগাঁথা)
- A narrative poem that tells a story through dialogue and action.
- এই কবিতাগুলোতে ধর্ম, রাজনীতি, বিভিন্ন সামাজিক প্রসঙ্গ স্থান পায়।
- মূলত গ্রামীন জীবনের বিভিন্ন বিষয় উঠে আসে এই কবিতাগুলোতে। আনন্দ বেদনার সংমিশ্রনে কাহিনী বর্ণনা করা হয়। 
- The Rime of the ancient Mariner is an example of Ballad. 

Source: Live MCQ upcoming content 

"Cowards die many times before death
The valiant never taste of death but once"

This is an excerpt from Shakespeare's play: Julias Caeser . This saying was told by Caeser to his wife Calpurnia.

Sonnet and Shakespeare:
- A sonnet is a 14-line poem that rhymes in a particular pattern.
- In Shakespeare's sonnets, the rhyme pattern is abab cdcd efef gg, with the final couplet used to summarize the previous 12 lines or present a surprise ending.
- The rhythmic pattern of the sonnets is the iambic pentameter. An iamb is a metrical foot consisting of one stressed syllable and one unstressed syllable — as in dah-DUM, dah-DUM dah-DUM dah-DUM dah-DUM.
- Shakespeare uses five of these in each line, which makes it a pentameter. 
- Before Shakespeare's death in 1616 the sonnet was no longer fashionable.
- Shakespeare Wrote almost 154 Sonnets. 

Source: Cliffsnotes.com 

Sir Thomas Wyatt:
- He was an English Poet who introduced the Italian sonnet and terza rima verse form and the French rondeau into English literature.
- Born: 1503
- Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder was an accomplished diplomat as well.
Famous Poems:
- The flee from me. 
- What no, perdie.
- Lux, My Fair Falcon.

On the other hand, 
- Thomas Kyd is considered to be the father of the English revenge play. 
- Thomas Gray is called the Graveyard poet. 
- William Shakespeare's much of writings were composed in the form of sonnet. 

Source: Britannica.com 

Personification: 
- 'Personification' is a figure of speech.
- 'Personification' gives human qualities to non living things or ideas.

For example:
- The wind howled in the night.
- My alarm clock yells at me to get out of bed every morning. 

On the other hand:
- Simile: refers to the meaning: a figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often introduced by like or as (as in cheeks like roses)
- Metaphor: a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (as in drowning in money)
- Hyperbole: extravagant exaggeration

Source: Britannica.com and Merriam-Webster dictionary