১.
The portal vein does not receive venous blood from-
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Circulatory System
Circulatory System
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২.
The circle of Willis does not receive contribution from-
৩.
Which is not a tributary of the azygos vein?
ব্যাখ্যা
Tributaries of azygos vein:
1. Right superior intercostal vein (formed by union of the 2nd, 3rd 4th posterior intercostal veins)
2. 5th-11th right posterior intercostal veins
3. Hemiazygos vein (at the level of lower border of T 8
4. Accessory hemiazygos vein (at the level of upper border of T 8
5. Right bronchial vein
6. Several oesophageal mediastinal, pericardial veins
7. Formative tributaries: Right subcostal & right ascending lumbar vein
1. Right superior intercostal vein (formed by union of the 2nd, 3rd 4th posterior intercostal veins)
2. 5th-11th right posterior intercostal veins
3. Hemiazygos vein (at the level of lower border of T 8
4. Accessory hemiazygos vein (at the level of upper border of T 8
5. Right bronchial vein
6. Several oesophageal mediastinal, pericardial veins
7. Formative tributaries: Right subcostal & right ascending lumbar vein
৪.
Which is a branch of the basilar artery?
৫.
Which description is true of continuous capillaries?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Junqueira’s Basic Histology; 14th Edition; Page-236
৬.
The right coronary artery arises from-
৭.
The RCA branches into the following except
ব্যাখ্যা
The RCA branches into the following.
• Sinoatrial (SA) nodal artery
• Conus branch
• Right marginal artery
• AV nodal artery
• Posterior IV artery
• Septal branches
৮.
The septomarginal trabecula in the heart contains-
৯.
The foramen spinosum in the middle cranial fossa transmits-
১০.
Continuation of abdominal aorta
ব্যাখ্যা
An unpaired median sacral artery arises posteriorly at the level of L4 to supply the coccyx, lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum.
১১.
Which is a ventral branch of the abdominal aorta?
১২.
Right border is mainly formed by
১৩.
When the body is at rest what the % blood passes through pulmonary circulation is?
ব্যাখ্যা
When the body is at rest, approximately 70% of the blood moves through the systemic circulation, about 18% through the pulmonary circulation, and 12% through the heart.
১৪.
In coarctation of the aorta, the narrowing is always distal to the-
ব্যাখ্যা
১৫.
True end artery
ব্যাখ্যা
Central artery of the retina is a true end artery
১৬.
Which is a branch of the external carotid artery?
১৭.
Which vessels are the major determinant of the systemic blood pressure?
১৮.
Which conduit is most commonly used in CABG surgery?
১৯.
The umbilical vein persists as-
ব্যাখ্যা
*** The median umbilical ligament is a remnant of the urachus.
২০.
Which is a content of both posterior and middle mediastinum?
২১.
Uterine artery is a branch of which artery?
ব্যাখ্যা
The arterial supply of the uterus is from the uterine arteries, which arise from the internal iliac artery. There is a potential collateral supply from the ovarian arteries.
২২.
The most common type of cardiac septal defect is :
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Membrenous type VSD . Although the most common atrial septal defect is the secondum type ASD, the overall most common cardiac septal defect is the Membrenous type VSD.
২৩.
Largest vein of the heart-
ব্যাখ্যা
Coronary Sinus is the largest vein of the heart
২৪.
Which marks the junction between the trabeculated part and smooth part of the right atrium?
ব্যাখ্যা
Crista terminalis (an internal muscular ridge 3- to 6-mm thick), which marks the junction between the trabeculated part and smooth part of the right atrium
২৫.
What is the name given to the remnant of the opening in the foetal heart that allowed the foetal lungs to be bypassed?
ব্যাখ্যা
The fossa ovalis is the slight depression that remains when the foramen ovale closes.
২৬.
Which forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently?
ব্যাখ্যা
The fibrous skeleton is a dense framework of collagen within the heart that keeps the orifices of the atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valve patent, provides an attachment site of the valve leaflets and cusps, serves as the origin and insertion sites of cardiac myocytes, and forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently.
২৭.
Conducting system of the heart is made up of-
ব্যাখ্যা
The conducting system is made up of specialized myocardium (not nervous tissue)
Its fibres are finer than other myocardial fibres and are completely cross striated
Parts:
1. Sinoatrial node (SA node)
2. Atrioventricular node (AV node)
3. Atrioventricular bundle (of His)
4. Right and left branches of AV bundle
5. Sub endocardial Purkinje fibres
Blood supply:
Whole of conducting system except left branch of AV bundle is supplied by right coronary artery. In 40% cases, left coronary artery supplies SA node.
Its fibres are finer than other myocardial fibres and are completely cross striated
Parts:
1. Sinoatrial node (SA node)
2. Atrioventricular node (AV node)
3. Atrioventricular bundle (of His)
4. Right and left branches of AV bundle
5. Sub endocardial Purkinje fibres
Blood supply:
Whole of conducting system except left branch of AV bundle is supplied by right coronary artery. In 40% cases, left coronary artery supplies SA node.
২৮.
Type of vena caval opening -
ব্যাখ্যা
The inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm at the vena caval foramen. This aperture is located in the central tendon at the level of T8
২৯.
Principal artery of Rectum—
ব্যাখ্যা
Superior rectal artery is the principal artery of rectum.
৩০.
Arteriole and precapillary sphincter are
ব্যাখ্যা
Arteriole and precapillary sphincter are Resistance vessels
৩১.
Features of arteries
৩২.
After birth, closure occurs first in the-
৩৩.
Which of the followings is not a branch of the external carotid artery?
ব্যাখ্যা
৩৪.
The tonsil derives it main arterial supply from-
৩৫.
Walls of vessel consist of-
ব্যাখ্যা
Walls of vessel consist of all of the three tunics.
৩৬.
The ovarian vein on the left side drains into-
৩৭.
Which is a cyanotic heart disease?
৩৮.
In chest X-ray, the left border of the cardiac shadow is formed by all, except-
৩৯.
Main branches of celiac trunk excludes
ব্যাখ্যা
The celiac trunk branches into the following.
a. Left gastric artery
b. Splenic artery
c. Common hepatic artery
৪০.
Vasa vasorum serve a function analogous to that of which of the following?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Junqueira’s Basic Histology; 14th Edition; Page-236
৪১.
Which is not true regarding the right ventricle of the heart?
৪২.
The capillaries are-
ব্যাখ্যা
The capillaries are exchange vessel
৪৩.
Which forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently?
ব্যাখ্যা
The fibrous skeleton is a dense framework of collagen within the heart that keeps the orifices of the atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valve patent, provides an attachment site of the valve leaflets and cusps, serves as the origin and insertion sites of cardiac myocytes, and forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently.
৪৪.
In the fetal circulation, which vessel has the highest oxygen saturation?
৪৫.
Which is the artery of cerebral hemorrhage?
ব্যাখ্যা
[Ref. Vishram Sinmgh Clinical Neuroanatomy]
৪৬.
The inferior vena cava is formed at right side of the body of -
ব্যাখ্যা
The inferior vena cava is formed at right side of the body of Vertebra L5
৪৭.
Midgut is supplied by
৪৮.
Which vein is preferred for hemodialysis?
৪৯.
The left coronary artery supplies-
৫০.
Not supplied by inferior mesenteric artery
৫১.
Location of fenestrated capillaries
৫২.
In the heart-
৫৩.
Posterior part of the atriventricular groove contains the-
৫৪.
Right atrioventricular valve is known as the
ব্যাখ্যা
Right atrioventricular valve is known as the Tricuspid valve
৫৫.
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery is a branch of-
৫৬.
Which is not true regarding fetal circulation?
৫৭.
The atrioventricular node is located in the-
ব্যাখ্যা
♣ The AV node is situated in the lower and dorsal part of the atrial septum just above the opening of the coronary sinus (within the Koch’s triangle)
♣ The SA node is situated in the wall of the right atrium in the upper part of sulcus terminalis just below the opening of superior vena cava
♣ The SA node is situated in the wall of the right atrium in the upper part of sulcus terminalis just below the opening of superior vena cava
৫৮.
Which is the artery of cerebral hemorrhage?
ব্যাখ্যা
The larger lateral striate branch of middle cerebral artery is called ‘Charcot’s artery of cerebral haemorrhage.
It supplies the posterior limb of the internal capsule which transmits corticospinal (pyramidal tract) fibres for the upper limb, lower limb and trunk. Hemorrhagic stroke at this region results in contralateral spastic hemiparesis.
It supplies the posterior limb of the internal capsule which transmits corticospinal (pyramidal tract) fibres for the upper limb, lower limb and trunk. Hemorrhagic stroke at this region results in contralateral spastic hemiparesis.
৫৯.
Left bronchial veins drain into the
ব্যাখ্যা
The bronchial veins carry deoxygenated blood from the bronchial arteries that supply large bronchi. Right bronchial veins drain into the azygos vein. Left bronchial veins drain into the accessory hemiazygos vein.
৬০.
The origin of the external carotid artery lies at the level of-
৬১.
Branches of internal carotid artery-
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation-
Branches of internal carotid artery-
OPCAM
O-ophthalmic artery
P-Posterior communicating artery
C-choroidal artery
A-anterior cerebral artery
M-middle cerebral artery
৬২.
Lateral medullary syndrome results from occlusion of-
৬৩.
Each of the following vessels empties into the coronary sinus except the :
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref: medical examination review anatomy P:41)
৬৪.
The left coronary artery bifurcates into the circumflex branch & the :
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref: medical examination review anatomy P:43)
৬৫.
Which of the following sites of primary cancer is most likely to give rise to metastases in the lung by venous spread?
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref: medical examination review anatomy P:51)
৬৬.
Abdominal aorta begins at the level of
ব্যাখ্যা
The abdominal aorta is a continuation of the thoracic aorta beginning at the level of the T12 vertebrae. It is approximately 13cm long and ends at the level of the L4 vertebra.
৬৭.
Foregut is supplied by
৬৮.
Which is not true regarding the right ventricle?
ব্যাখ্যা
[Ref. BD Chaurasia Vol.1]
৬৯.
Features of veins excludes
৭০.
What tissue is directly associated with and extends into the heart valves?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Junqueira’s Basic Histology; 14th Edition; Page-236
৭১.
The inferior mesenteric vein is a usual tributary of-
ব্যাখ্যা
The inferior mesenteric vein usually drains into the splenic vein.
৭২.
The fetal umbilical vein persists as-
৭৩.
Each of the following arteries is a direct or indirect branch of the internal iliac artery except the :
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref:medical examination review anatomy P:52)
৭৪.
Base of the heart is formed by
ব্যাখ্যা
Base of the heart is formed by The two atria
৭৫.
Circle of Willis is formed by following except-
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference-BD Chourasia’s/7th/vol-4/p-173
৭৬.
The conducting system of the heart is made up of-
৭৭.
The RCA branches into the following except
ব্যাখ্যা
The RCA branches into the following.
• Sinoatrial (SA) nodal artery
• Conus branch
• Right marginal artery
• AV nodal artery
• Posterior IV artery
• Septal branches
৭৮.
The carotid sheath is pierced by-
ব্যাখ্যা
৭৯.
Each of the following is related to the right ventricle except the :
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref: medical examination review anatomy P:42)
৮০.
The circle of Willis does not receive contribution from-
ব্যাখ্যা
[Ref. Snell's Cilinical Neuroanatomy]
৮১.
In which organs would be found continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoid capillaries, respectively?
ব্যাখ্যা
The blood supply to the brain has continuous capillaries (in the blood-brain barrier), the SI has fenestrated capillaries (to facilitate absorption of digestion products), the liver has sinusoids.
৮২.
The coronary sinus does not drain the-
৮৩.
Which forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently?
ব্যাখ্যা
The fibrous skeleton is a dense framework of collagen within the heart that keeps the orifices of the atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valve patent, provides an attachment site of the valve leaflets and cusps, serves as the origin and insertion sites of cardiac myocytes, and forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently.
৮৪.
Lateral surface of cerebrum is mainly supplied by
৮৫.
Which is not a branch of the internal carotid artery?
৮৬.
During light microscopic examination of a tissue, you note a vessel that has no smooth muscle but a large amount of connective tissue at its periphery. Which of the following vessels are you examining?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Junqueira’s Basic Histology; 14th Edition; Page-236
৮৭.
What causes venous blood to return to the heart?
ব্যাখ্যা
Valves prevent blood in veins from flowing away from the heart, while contracting skeletal muscle compresses the veins and this pushes blood through them towards the heart (as the valves prevent blood from being pushed in the other direction.
৮৮.
The SA node of the heart is located at-
৮৯.
Which vein drain into portal system—
ব্যাখ্যা
Superior rectal vein drains into portal system.
৯০.
Which is the main source of arterial supply to the breast?
৯১.
Capillaries only have
ব্যাখ্যা
Capillaries have only an endothelium, with no subendothelial layer or other tunics.
৯২.
Coarctation of the aorta is associated with-
৯৩.
Vessel carry blood away from the heart to the organs and tissues is called-
ব্যাখ্যা
Vessel carry blood away from the heart to the organs and tissues is called artery
৯৪.
The superior mesenteric artery supplies each of the following except the :
ব্যাখ্যা
(Ref: medical examination review anatomy P:52)
৯৫.
Appendicular artery is a branch of
ব্যাখ্যা
Appendicular artery is the branch of ileocolic artery.
৯৬.
Lateral medullary syndrome results from occlusion of-
৯৭.
The dominance of a coronary artery is determined by-
৯৮.
Epicardium is another name of-
ব্যাখ্যা
Epicardium is another name of Visceral pericardium
৯৯.
The superolateral surface of the cerebrum is supplied mainly by the-
১০০.
What is the main function of mitral valve?
ব্যাখ্যা
During ventricular systole, blood should flow through the aortic valve into the aorta and not back into the left atrium. The mitral valve prevents blood going back into the left atrium.