লগ ইননিবন্ধন
বিষয়সমূহ

PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন

Pathology

মোট প্রশ্ন৬৭০এই পাতা৬৮প্রতি পাতা১০০
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Pathology

PrepBank · পাতা ৭ / ৭ · ৬০১–৬৬৮ / ৬৭০

৬০১.
Hypertrophy + Hyperplasia simultaneously occurs in following organ except-
  1. ক
    ক) Thyroid
  2. খ
    খ) Breast
  3. গ
    গ) Penis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Prostate
ব্যাখ্যা
Hypertrophy + Hyperplasia simultaneously occurs in five organs; Thyroid, Breast, Kidney, Uterus Prostate
৬০২.
Recurrent hematuria is a most frequent clinical presentation of
  1. ক
    ক) Posts infectious Glomerulodisease
  2. খ
    খ) Goodpasture syndrome
  3. গ
    গ) Minimal change disease
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) IgA nephropathy
৬০৩.
Congenital infection is produced by following parasites:
  1. ক
    ক) E. Vermicularis
  2. খ
    খ) B. coli
  3. গ
    গ) Toxoplasma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) D. latum
ব্যাখ্যা
Toxoplasma is a part of TORCH infection
৬০৪.
False-negative reactions in MT may occur in all of the following except
  1. ক
    ক) Sarcoidosis
  2. খ
    খ) Malnutrition
  3. গ
    গ) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Immunosuppression
ব্যাখ্যা
False-negative reactions may occur in the setting of certain viral infections, sarcoidosis, malnutrition, Hodgkin lymphoma, immunosuppression,
৬০৫.
Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of
  1. ক
    ক) Thyroid
  2. খ
    খ) Placenta
  3. গ
    গ) Salivary gland
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Liver
৬০৬.
Which defective virus causes hepatitis?
  1. ক
    ক) Hepatitis A
  2. খ
    খ) Hepatitis B
  3. গ
    গ) Hepatitis C
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Hepatitis D
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Hepatitis D is a defective virus.
৬০৭.
Virchow triad include-
  1. ক
    ক) Endothelial injury
  2. খ
    খ) Abnormal blood flow
  3. গ
    গ) Hypercoagulability of the blood
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) All of above
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 123]
৬০৮.
Asthma -
  1. ক
    Acute airway disorder
  2. খ
    Episodic bronchoconstriction
  3. গ
    Episodes mostly in evening
  4. ঘ
    Type III hypersensitivity
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the conducting airways,usually caused by immunological reaction,is marked by episodic bronchoconstriction. 
Menifested by recurrent episodes of wheezing,breathlessness,chest tightness,Cough
৬০৯.
Which metabolite of arachidonic acid vasodialator?
  1. ক
    ক) Prostacyclin
  2. খ
    খ) TXA2
  3. গ
    গ) HETE
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Leukotriens B4
৬১০.
Activation of complement can be induced by -
  1. ক
    ক) IgD
  2. খ
    খ) IgM
  3. গ
    গ) IgA
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) IgE
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Lange microbiology/14th/P-542
৬১১.
Hepatic angiosarcoma is related to following environmental carcinogens -
  1. ক
    Arsenic
  2. খ
    Asbestos
  3. গ
    Benzene
  4. ঘ
    Vinyl chloride
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Arsenic - Lung carcinoma,Squamous cell carcinoma,Basal cell carcinoma
Asbestos - lung carcinoma,Esophageal carcinoma,Gastric carcinoma
Benzene - Acute myeloid leukemia
Vinyl chloride - Hepatic angiosarcoma
৬১২.
Persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years
  1. ক
    ক) COPD
  2. খ
    খ) Chronic bronchitis
  3. গ
    গ) Emphysema
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Bronchiectasis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
৬১৩.
Alarming feature of IBS -
  1. ক
    20-30 years onset
  2. খ
    Weight gain
  3. গ
    Rectal bleeding
  4. ঘ
    Assiciated menopausal transition
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Alarming features of IBS -
Age >50 years,Male gender
Wright loss
Nocturnal symptoms 
Family history of colon carcinoma
Anaemia
Rectal bleeding
৬১৪.
Most common type of bronchogenic carcinoma in smoker male -
  1. ক
    Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. গ
    Small cell carcinoma
  4. ঘ
    Large cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Most common bronchogenic carcinoma :
Male - Squamous cell carcinoma
Female - Adenocarcinoma
৬১৫.
Rheumatic heart disease most commonly affects
  1. ক
    ক) Mitral valve
  2. খ
    খ) Tricuspid valve
  3. গ
    গ) Aortic valve
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Pulmonary valve
ব্যাখ্যা
• It most commonly affects the mitral valve and is responsible for 99% of acquired mitral stenosis
৬১৬.
Spores germinate in reheated rice
  1. ক
    ক) B. anthracis
  2. খ
    খ) B. cereus
  3. গ
    গ) C. botulinum
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) C. tetani
৬১৭.
‘Malar rash’ is a characteristic feature of which of the following?
  1. ক
    ক) SLE
  2. খ
    খ) RA
  3. গ
    গ) systemic sclerosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Osteoarthritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Malar rash of systemic lupus erythematosus, sparing the nasolabial folds. The rash is notably similar to rosacea
৬১৮.
Features of edward syndrome -
  1. ক
    Umbilical hernia
  2. খ
    Cleft lip and palate
  3. গ
    Renal malformation
  4. ঘ
    Gap between first and second toes
৬১৯.
Metaplasia from squamous to columnar type may also occur in
  1. ক
    ক) Barrett oesophagus
  2. খ
    খ) Apthous ulcer
  3. গ
    গ) MALToma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Oesophageal varices
ব্যাখ্যা

• Metaplasia from squamous to columnar type may also occur, as in Barrett oesophagus
• Connective tissue metaplasia is the formation of cartilage, bone, or adipose tissue (mesenchymal tissues) in tissues that normally do not contain these elements

৬২০.
Which of the following is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease?
  1. ক
    ক) NSAID’s
  2. খ
    খ) H.pylori infection
  3. গ
    গ) Smoking
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Alcohol
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Nearly all peptic ulcers are associated with H. pylori infection, NSAIDs or cigarette smoking. Among them H. pylori infection is most common
৬২১.
Fibre optic instrument is best sterilized by
  1. ক
    ক) 70% ethanol
  2. খ
    খ) γ glutaraldehyde
  3. গ
    গ) Lysol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Phenol
ব্যাখ্যা
Fibre optic instrument is best sterilized by γ glutaraldehyde
৬২২.
Free radical activity is checked by
  1. ক
    ক) NADPH oxidase
  2. খ
    খ) Cytochrome oxidase
  3. গ
    গ) Catalase
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Antitrypsin
ব্যাখ্যা
Free radical activity is checked by catalase
৬২৩.
The mantoux test -
  1. ক
    Is positive in all patient with tuberculosis
  2. খ
    Involves injecting PPD intradermally
  3. গ
    Is more sensitive than light microscopy
  4. ঘ
    Become postive within 1 week of acquiring tuberculosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
The Mantoux test or Mendel–Mantoux test or PPD test for purified protein derivative, is a tool for screening for tuberculosis (TB) and for tuberculosis diagnosis. 
Not specific
Many false positive/ negetive results
Is not diagnostic of tuberculosis
Positive 4-6 weeks after infection of tuberculosis.
৬২৪.
Parasite that causes diarrhoea is:
  1. ক
    ক) N.fowleri
  2. খ
    খ) Acanthamoeba
  3. গ
    গ) Balantidium coli
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Loa loa
ব্যাখ্যা
coli causes diarrhoea
৬২৫.
Features not associated with diabetic ketoacidosis -
  1. ক
    Sweating
  2. খ
    Dehydration
  3. গ
    Acidotic breathing
  4. ঘ
    Hyperkalemia
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Diabetic ketoacidosis presents as -
excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, weakness or fatigue, shortness of breath, fruity-scented breath, and confusion.
৬২৬.
Toxin produced by S.aureus -
  1. ক
    Toxic shock syndrome toxin
  2. খ
    Erythrogenic toxin
  3. গ
    Dermoneurotoxin
  4. ঘ
    Endotoxin
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Toxin production by S.aureus -
Enterotoxin
Toxic shock syndrome toxin
Exfoliatin
Leukocidins
৬২৭.
IV solutions are sterilized by
  1. ক
    ক) Autoclaving
  2. খ
    খ) Chlorhexidine
  3. গ
    গ) Filtration
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Iodophor
৬২৮.
Most common cause of liver cirrhosis -
  1. ক
    Chronic viral hepatitis
  2. খ
    Drugs
  3. গ
    Autoimmune
  4. ঘ
    Idiopathic
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of cirrhosis of liver -
Chronic viral hepatitis ( B or C) (Most common) 
Alcohol
NAFLD
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Harmochromatosis
Wilson disease
Drugs
Idiopathic
৬২৯.
Central tolerance of the immune system takes place in -
  1. ক
    ক) Bone marrow
  2. খ
    খ) Lymph nodes
  3. গ
    গ) Spleen
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Tonsils
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Lange microbiology/14th/P-568
৬৩০.
Morphologic feature of apoptosis -
  1. ক
    Phagocytosis
  2. খ
    Chromatin swelling
  3. গ
    Membrane damage
  4. ঘ
    Cell swelling
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Morphology of apoptotic cell -
Cell shrinkage
Chromatin condensation
Formation of cytoplasmic blebs and apoptotic body
Phagocytosis 
৬৩১.
Necroptosis occurs in-
  1. ক
    ক) Steatohepatitis
  2. খ
    খ) Acute pancreatitis
  3. গ
    গ) Reperfusion injury
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) All of above
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 59]
৬৩২.
Spores germinate in reheated rice
  1. ক
    ক) B. anthracis
  2. খ
    খ) B. cereus
  3. গ
    গ) C. botulinum
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) C. tetani
৬৩৩.
Most common tumor of the salivary gland
  1. ক
    ক) Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Pleomorphic adenoma
  3. গ
    গ) Warthin tumour
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Pleomorphic adenoma:
Benign tumor composed of stromal (e.g., cartilage) and epithelial tissue; most common tumor of the salivary gland. Usually arises in parotid; presents as a mobile, painless, circumscribed mass at the angle of the jaw
৬৩৪.
Not a Pathognomonic feature of VT
  1. ক
    ক) Extreme LAD
  2. খ
    খ) Capture beats
  3. গ
    গ) Fusion beats
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Atrioventricular dissociation
ব্যাখ্যা
Others are Pathognomonic
৬৩৫.
A patient came to you with features of impaired wound healing. The patient is undernourished. Which vitamins may be may be related with this-
  1. ক
    ক) Vit A, VitB1,Vit D
  2. খ
    খ) Vit A, Vit C, VitD
  3. গ
    গ) Vit C, VitD
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Vit B12, Vit C, Vit D
ব্যাখ্যা
Vit A essential for epithelialization, Vit C essential for collagen synthesise , VitD easential for bone formation
৬৩৬.
Cause of redness in acute inflammation is-
  1. ক
    ক) Vasoconstriction
  2. খ
    খ) Stasis
  3. গ
    গ) Increased vascular permeability
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Increase in blood flow
ব্যাখ্যা
Cause of redness in acute inflammation is increase in blood flow
৬৩৭.
Typical feature of nephrotic syndrome -
  1. ক
    Genetalized oedema
  2. খ
    Bilateral renal angle painting
  3. গ
    Hypertension
  4. ঘ
    Polyuria
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Typical feature of nephrotic syndrome -
Generilized oedema
Pitting oedema
Blood pressure : Normal
Proteinuria : 3+/4+ 
৬৩৮.
The principal sites of tissue reaction in Ascariasis
  1. ক
    ক) Intestine
  2. খ
    খ) Lung
  3. গ
    গ) Liver
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Brain
ব্যাখ্যা
The principal sites of tissue reaction is the lungs
৬৩৯.
Key inflammatory cell in asthma
  1. ক
    ক) Neutrophil
  2. খ
    খ) Eosinophil
  3. গ
    গ) Basophil
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Macrophage
ব্যাখ্যা
• Asthma is characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction caused by airway hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli.
• Atopic asthma is caused by a TH2 and IgE-mediated immunologic reaction to environmental allergens
• Eosinophils are key inflammatory cells found in almost all subtypes of asthma
৬৪০.
DMRD in rheumatoid arthritis are -
  1. ক
    Infliximab
  2. খ
    Sulfasalazine
  3. গ
    Indomethacin
  4. ঘ
    Ketorolac
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
DMRD used in rheumatoid arthritis -
Meyhotrexate
Sulfasalazine
Hydtoxychloroquine
Leflunomide
৬৪১.
Cause of peripheral neuropathy -
  1. ক
    Leprosy
  2. খ
    Cephalosporin
  3. গ
    Osteoarthritis
  4. ঘ
    Stroke
৬৪২.
Bloody diarrhoea is not present in -
  1. ক
    Giardiasis
  2. খ
    Entamoeba histolytica
  3. গ
    Shigellosis
  4. ঘ
    Inflammatory bowel disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of bloody diarrhoea -

Hemorrhoids
IBD
Anal fissure
Colorectal cancer
Diverticulitis
Colon polyps
Angiodysplasia
Colititis
Gastroenteritis
Infections ( Entamoeba histolytica, E.coli,Shigella, Camphylobacter) 
Dysentery
Medications
Unsafe water 
Esophageal problems
৬৪৩.
Bacterial zoonotic diseases -
  1. ক
    ক) Shigellosis
  2. খ
    খ) Typhoid fever
  3. গ
    গ) Cholera
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Plague
ব্যাখ্যা
Bacterial zoonotic diseases Plague
৬৪৪.
The process of coating a particle to target it for ingestion is called
  1. ক
    ক) Phagocytosis
  2. খ
    খ) Chemotaxis
  3. গ
    গ) Opsonization
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Margination
ব্যাখ্যা
The process of coating a particle to target it for ingestion is called opsonization
৬৪৫.
Formation of endothelial gap in venules in acute inflammation is caused by -
  1. ক
    Substance P
  2. খ
    Prostaglandin
  3. গ
    IL-8
  4. ঘ
    Chemokines
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Contraction of endothelial cells resulting in opening of interendothelial gaps is the most common mechanism of vascular leakage. It is elicited by histamine, bradykinin, leukotrienes, and other chemical mediators. 
৬৪৬.
The following mediators increase capillary permeability except -
  1. ক
    PDGF
  2. খ
    Leucotriene
  3. গ
    Angiotensin
  4. ঘ
    Aldosterone
৬৪৭.
Causes of haemoptysis -
  1. ক
    Bronchial asthma
  2. খ
    Sarcoidosis
  3. গ
    Bronciactasis
  4. ঘ
    Chronic bronchitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Common cause of haemoptysis -
Tuberculosis
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Lung abscess
Bronchiactasis
Pulmonary embolism
LVF
MS
Bleeding disorder
৬৪৮.
Which of the following types of necrosis is most characteristic of abscess formation?
  1. ক
    ক) Coagulative
  2. খ
    খ) Enzymatic
  3. গ
    গ) Fibrinoid
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Liquefactive
ব্যাখ্যা
Liquefactive necrosis occure in Pyogenic bacterial infection, brain hypoxia.
৬৪৯.
Site of moist gangrene -
  1. ক
    Limb
  2. খ
    Intestine
  3. গ
    Tight plaster in hand
  4. ঘ
    Scalp
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Sites of moist gangrene -
Intestine is the commonest sites
Mouth
Pressure area
Vulva
Scrotum
Anterior abdominal wall
Thigh
৬৫০.
Karyotype of sex chromosomal aneuploidy -
  1. ক
    47,XX+21
  2. খ
    47,XY+ 21
  3. গ
    45,XO
  4. ঘ
    47,XY+ 18
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Sex chromosomal aneuploidy :
Turners syndrome : 45,XO
Klinfelters syndrome : 47,XXY
Super female : 47,XXX
৬৫১.
Von Willebrand factor is synthesised by
  1. ক
    ক) Plasma cell
  2. খ
    খ) Endothelial cells
  3. গ
    গ) Subendothelial collagen
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Platelets
ব্যাখ্যা
Von Willebrand factor is synthesised by endothelial cells
৬৫২.
Procarcinogens excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Benzanthene
  2. খ
    খ) Cycasin
  3. গ
    গ) Clorambucil
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Benzidine
ব্যাখ্যা
Ref. Robbins 9th p323, T-7.10
৬৫৩.
Hepatitis B related infection -
  1. ক
    ssRNA
  2. খ
    Flaviviridae
  3. গ
    Parenteral, sexual contact
  4. ঘ
    Frequency of chronic liver disease >80%
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Hepatitis B related infection :
Partially dsDNA
Hepadna virus
Route of transmission  : Parenteral, sexual contact,Perinatal
Frequency of chronic liver disease : 5-10%
৬৫৪.
Most common cause of hematemesis -
  1. ক
    Laceration
  2. খ
    Esophageal perforation
  3. গ
    Varices
  4. ঘ
    Barrett esophagus
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Esophageal causes of hematemesis -
Laceration( Mallory weiss syndrome) 
Esophageal perforation
Varices ( cirrhosis)  most common
Chemical esophagitis
Esophageal ulcer
৬৫৫.
Which of the following parasite man acts as both definitive and intermediate host?
  1. ক
    ক) Plasmodium.
  2. খ
    খ) Leishmania.
  3. গ
    গ) W. bancrofti
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) T. Solium
ব্যাখ্যা
Man acts as both definitive and intermediate host in T. solium
৬৫৬.
Most frequent presentation of extra-pulmonary TB
  1. ক
    ক) Paraneoplastic syndrome
  2. খ
    খ) Vasculitis
  3. গ
    গ) Lymphadenitis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sacroilitis
ব্যাখ্যা
• Lymphadenitis is the most frequent presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, usually occurring in the cervical region (“scrofula”).
৬৫৭.
Which one is not a cause of primary glomerular nephrotic syndrome-
  1. ক
    ক) Membranous glomerulopathy
  2. খ
    খ) Minimal change disease
  3. গ
    গ) Membranous segmental glomerulosclerosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Membrano-proliferative Glomerulonephritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Membranous segmental glomerulosclerosis is not a primary nephrotic syndrome
৬৫৮.
Which of the following immunoglobulin is greatly associated with B.asthma?
  1. ক
    ক) IgA
  2. খ
    খ) IgE
  3. গ
    গ) IgG
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) IgM
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: IgE is associated with B.asthma.
৬৫৯.
Wilms tumour is a malignant tumour of
  1. ক
    ক) Thyroid
  2. খ
    খ) Kidney
  3. গ
    গ) Placenta
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Liver
৬৬০.
Factor associated with peptic ulcer disease -
  1. ক
    Smoking
  2. খ
    Gastroesophageal reflux
  3. গ
    Tape worm infection
  4. ঘ
    Progesterone only pill
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Factors associated with PUD -
H.pylori
OCP
Smoking
Alcohol
Drugs - NSAID
Psychological
৬৬১.
Pentamer immunoglobulin -
  1. ক
    IgG
  2. খ
    IgM
  3. গ
    IgA
  4. ঘ
    IgE
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
IgM is the only immunoglobulin can become monomer or pentamer.
৬৬২.
Dominant leukocyte in pus is
  1. ক
    ক) Basophil
  2. খ
    খ) Neutrophil
  3. গ
    গ) Eosinophil
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Monocyte
ব্যাখ্যা
Dominant leukocyte in pus is neutrophil
৬৬৩.
Which is not the cause of microcytic hypochromic anaemia -
  1. ক
    Iron deficiency anaemia
  2. খ
    Thalassemia
  3. গ
    Sideroblastic anaemia
  4. ঘ
    Haemolytic anemia
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of mirocytic hypochromic anaemia :
Iron deficiency anaemia 
Thalassemia
Sideroblastic anaemia
Anaemia of chronic disease.
৬৬৪.
Which is the most common congenital heart malformation -
  1. ক
    VSD
  2. খ
    ASD
  3. গ
    PDA
  4. ঘ
    Truncus arteriosus
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Frequencies -
VSD - 42%
ASD - 10%
৬৬৫.
Mechanism of immune deficiency in malnutrition
  1. ক
    ক) Transient suppression of delayed hypersensitivity
  2. খ
    খ) Killing of helper T cell
  3. গ
    গ) Reduce synthesis of IgG
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Suppression of antibody response to new antigen
৬৬৬.
CBC finding of Kala-azar is
  1. ক
    ক) Neutrophiliia
  2. খ
    খ) Eosinophilia
  3. গ
    গ) monocytosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lymphocytosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Pancytopenia is the dominant feature, with granulocytopenia and monocytosis
৬৬৭.
Reactive oxygen species is a mediator of
  1. ক
    ক) Tissue damage
  2. খ
    খ) Pain
  3. গ
    গ) Fever
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Chemotaxis
৬৬৮.
Arachidonic acid derived mediators are called
  1. ক
    ক) Eicosanoids
  2. খ
    খ) Opsonin
  3. গ
    গ) Anaphylotoxinh
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Complements
ব্যাখ্যা
Arachidonic acid derived mediators are called eicosanoids