৩০১.
Which one remains positive for life in syphilis?
PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন
Pathology
Pathology
PrepBank · পাতা ৪ / ৭ · ৩০১–৪০০ / ৬৭০
৩০২.
You are asked to review a 65-year-old lady’s legs preoperatively. You diagnose cellulitis. What is the most common causative organism?
ব্যাখ্যা
Cellulitis is spreading infection & caused by S. Pyogens. Hyaluronidase is the spreading factor.
৩০৩.
Neuronal tumor of CNS-
ব্যাখ্যা
gangliocytoma is a neuronal tumour of CNS
৩০৪.
Not true about necrosis
৩০৫.
Ultrastructural change in reversible cell injury -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
The ultrastructural changes of reversible cell injury, visible by
electron microscopy, include the following:
1. Plasma membrane alterations, such as blebbing, blunting, and loss of microvilli
2. Mitochondrial changes, including swelling and the appearance of small amorphous densities
3. Accumulation of “myelin figures” in the cytosol composed of phospholipids derived from damaged cellular membranes
4. Dilation of the ER, with detachment of polysomes 5. Nuclear alterations, with disaggregation of granular and fibrilar elements.
The ultrastructural changes of reversible cell injury, visible by
electron microscopy, include the following:
1. Plasma membrane alterations, such as blebbing, blunting, and loss of microvilli
2. Mitochondrial changes, including swelling and the appearance of small amorphous densities
3. Accumulation of “myelin figures” in the cytosol composed of phospholipids derived from damaged cellular membranes
4. Dilation of the ER, with detachment of polysomes 5. Nuclear alterations, with disaggregation of granular and fibrilar elements.
৩০৬.
Degenerative disease affecting cerebral cortex-
ব্যাখ্যা
Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disease affecting cerebral cortex
৩০৭.
Listeria causes more significant infection in all of the following except
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Listeria causes more significant invasive infection , especially in pregnant women, older adults ( over 55 years ) and the immunocompromised.
৩০৮.
CA 19-9 is related to carcinoma of
৩০৯.
Thick or Thin film are used in diagnosis of:
ব্যাখ্যা
• Diagnosis rests on microscopic examination of blood, using both thick and thin Giemsa-stained smears.
• The thick smear is used to screen for the presence of organisms, and the thin smear is used for species identification.
• The thick smear is used to screen for the presence of organisms, and the thin smear is used for species identification.
৩১০.
Which of the following is the most common cause of acute community-acquired pneumonia?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Streptococcus pneumoniae or pneumococcus is the most common cause of acute community-acquired pneumonia.
৩১১.
Mediators of pain-
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 90]
৩১২.
Hypertrophy usually occurs in
ব্যাখ্যা
Hypertrophy usually occurs in non-dividing cell
৩১৩.
Cysts found in stool are following:
ব্যাখ্যা
Cyst of E. Histolytica is found in stool
৩১৪.
Disease that allows “selective” loss of albumin is?
ব্যাখ্যা
“Selective” loss of albumin is seen in minimal change disease. Diabetes & FSGS lead to “nonselective” loss of all plasma proteins. Hypertension, CRF cause increased tubular protein loss.
৩১৫.
Ventilator associated pneumonia is caused by
৩১৬.
Metabolic cause of coma/ unconsciousness -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Common metabolic causes of coma :
Hypoglycemia
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyponatremia
Uremic coma
Hepatic encephalopathy
Common metabolic causes of coma :
Hypoglycemia
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyponatremia
Uremic coma
Hepatic encephalopathy
৩১৭.
Chagas' disease is caused due to following parasite:
ব্যাখ্যা
Chagas disease is caused by T. cruzi
৩১৮.
Ancylostomiasis is caused by which of the following?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Ancylostomiasis is caused by Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus
৩১৯.
Clinical menifestation of anaphylaxis except ( type I hypersensitivity) -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Symptoms
Skin reactions, including hives and itching and flushed or pale skin.
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Constriction of the airways and a swollen tongue or throat, which can cause wheezing and trouble breathing.
A weak and rapid pulse.
Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.
Dizziness or fainting.
Symptoms
Skin reactions, including hives and itching and flushed or pale skin.
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Constriction of the airways and a swollen tongue or throat, which can cause wheezing and trouble breathing.
A weak and rapid pulse.
Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.
Dizziness or fainting.
৩২০.
Pott disease indicates involvement of
ব্যাখ্যা
• When the vertebrae are affected, the disease is referred to as Pott disease.
৩২১.
Which virus commonly causes viral hepatitis?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E), Cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, Herpes simplex and Yellow fever virus causes viral hepatitis.
৩২২.
Signs of consolidation -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Signs of consolidation -
Inspection - Increased respiratory rate
Palpation- Reduced chest expansion,increased vocal fremitus
Percussion - Dull over affected area
Auscultation - Bronchial bredth sound,Increased vocal resonance
Signs of consolidation -
Inspection - Increased respiratory rate
Palpation- Reduced chest expansion,increased vocal fremitus
Percussion - Dull over affected area
Auscultation - Bronchial bredth sound,Increased vocal resonance
৩২৩.
Normal Flora of vagina maintained by
ব্যাখ্যা
Normal Flora of vagina maintained by Oestrogen
৩২৪.
In which of the following species of plasmodium inefection, fever comes in every alternate days?
৩২৫.
Ischemia reperfusion injury causes cell injury by -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Ischemia reperfusion injury causes cell injury by :
Reactive oxygen species
IgM complement
Intracellular calcium deposition
Cytokine
Ischemia reperfusion injury causes cell injury by :
Reactive oxygen species
IgM complement
Intracellular calcium deposition
Cytokine
৩২৬.
Minor manifestation of rheumatic fever
ব্যাখ্যা
Others are major criteria
৩২৭.
Dystrophic calcification occurs in
ব্যাখ্যা
Dystrophic calcification occurs in tuberculous lymphnode
৩২৮.
Source of serotonin in acute inflammation -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Source of serotonin in acute inflammation -
Platelet
Neuroendocrine cell
Source of serotonin in acute inflammation -
Platelet
Neuroendocrine cell
৩২৯.
Lung cancers particularly related to paraneoplastic syndrome
ব্যাখ্যা
Lung cancers, particularly small cell lung carcinomas, can cause paraneoplastic syndromes.
৩৩০.
Most common type of joint disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative joint disease, is characterized by degeneration of cartilage that results in structural and functional failure of synovial joints. It is the most common type of joint disease.
৩৩১.
Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by
৩৩২.
Which is not a components of Virchow's triad -
৩৩৩.
superoxide is inactivated by
৩৩৪.
Guillain Barre syndrome -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Guillain Barre syndrome ( Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)
Causing ascending paralysis
Disease of perpheral nervous system.
Guillain Barre syndrome ( Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)
Causing ascending paralysis
Disease of perpheral nervous system.
৩৩৫.
HBsAb is positive at
৩৩৬.
Which of the following is called “cardiac asthma”?
ব্যাখ্যা
PND is also called cardiac asthma. During night, with recumbency, total blood volume is increased due to fluid mobilization from edematous areas leading to pulmonary congestion.
৩৩৭.
Oncogenic microbes excludes
ব্যাখ্যা
• HTLV-1: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
• HPV: benign warts, cervical cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer
• EBV: Burkitt lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas in patients with T-cell immunosuppression
• Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: hepatocellular carcinomas
• H. pylori: gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma
৩৩৮.
Secondary TB classically involves
ব্যাখ্যা
• Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis classically involves the apex of the upper lobes of one or both lungs.
৩৩৯.
Most frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in children-
ব্যাখ্যা
Minimal change disease is most frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
৩৪০.
Coombs test is used for detecting -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Direct coombs test - Haemolytic autoantibody
Indirect coombs test -
Rh antibody.
Direct coombs test - Haemolytic autoantibody
Indirect coombs test -
Rh antibody.
৩৪১.
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is caused by-
ব্যাখ্যা
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is caused by Cl. Difficile
৩৪২.
Which free radical acts close to the site of production?
৩৪৩.
Radiographic abnormalities of Rheumatoid arthritis is
ব্যাখ্যা
Radiographic abnormalities of Rheumatoid arthritis are:
Periarticular osteoporosis
Marginal joint erosions
Joint subluxation
Joint space narrowing
৩৪৪.
Predominant acute inflammatory cell in first 24 hours is
ব্যাখ্যা
Predominant acute inflammatory cell in first 24 hours is neutrophil
৩৪৫.
Guardian of the Genome
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 293]
৩৪৬.
Which of the following parasites enters into the body through skin?
ব্যাখ্যা
A.Duodenale enters through skin penetration
৩৪৭.
Cause of noncaseating granuloma -
৩৪৮.
Childhood tumor occurs in cerebellum -
ব্যাখ্যা
Medulloblastoma is childhood tumour in cerebellam
৩৪৯.
Causes of physiological giant cell except -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Physiological giant cell -
Osteoclast
Megakaryocytes
Syncytiotrophoblast of placenta
Pathological giant cell-
Anaplastic tumors
Hodgkin's disease
Choriocarcinoma
Poorly differentiated astrocytoma
Primary billiary cirrhosis
Giant cell of herpes simplex virus
Physiological giant cell -
Osteoclast
Megakaryocytes
Syncytiotrophoblast of placenta
Pathological giant cell-
Anaplastic tumors
Hodgkin's disease
Choriocarcinoma
Poorly differentiated astrocytoma
Primary billiary cirrhosis
Giant cell of herpes simplex virus
৩৫০.
Fibrinoid necrosis is seen in
ব্যাখ্যা
Fibrinoid necrosis is seen in SLE
৩৫১.
Which is the critical mediator that enables macrophages to contain the M. tuberculosis infection?
ব্যাখ্যা
IFN-γ is the critical mediator that enables macrophages to contain the M. tuberculosis infection.
৩৫২.
Organism produces flaccid paralysis-
ব্যাখ্যা
Botulinum toxin block the release of acetylcholine & produces descending weakness & paralysis.
৩৫৩.
Hypertensive heart disease is usually affecting which of the following heart chamber?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Hypertensive heart disease can affect either the left ventricle or the right ventricle; the latter is called cor pulmonale
৩৫৪.
Bone forming benign tumor -
৩৫৫.
Autophagy is related to
৩৫৬.
T. solium is more dangerous than T. saginata because
ব্যাখ্যা
T. solium can affects CNS
৩৫৭.
Consequence of large emboli -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Most pulmonary emboli (60% to 80%) are clinically silent because they are small. With time they become organized and are incorporated into the vascular wall; in some cases organization of the thromboembolus leaves behind a delicate, bridging fibrous web.
• Sudden death, acute right heart failure (cor pulmonale), or cardiovascular collapse occurs when emboli obstruct 60% or more of the pulmonary circulation( Large emboli).
• Embolic obstruction of medium-sized arteries with subsequent vascular rupture can result in pulmonary hemorrhage but usually does not cause pulmonary infarction.
• Embolic obstruction of small end-arteriolar pulmonary branches often does produce hemorrhage or infarction.
• Multiple emboli over time may cause pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure.
Most pulmonary emboli (60% to 80%) are clinically silent because they are small. With time they become organized and are incorporated into the vascular wall; in some cases organization of the thromboembolus leaves behind a delicate, bridging fibrous web.
• Sudden death, acute right heart failure (cor pulmonale), or cardiovascular collapse occurs when emboli obstruct 60% or more of the pulmonary circulation( Large emboli).
• Embolic obstruction of medium-sized arteries with subsequent vascular rupture can result in pulmonary hemorrhage but usually does not cause pulmonary infarction.
• Embolic obstruction of small end-arteriolar pulmonary branches often does produce hemorrhage or infarction.
• Multiple emboli over time may cause pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure.
৩৫৮.
Clinical features of Achalasia excludes
ব্যাখ্যা
Clinical features of Achalasia:
• Dysphagia for solids and liquids
• Putrid breath
• High LES pressure on esophageal manometry
• 'Bird-beak' sign on barium swallow study
• Increased risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
৩৫৯.
Which type of emphysema is seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency
ব্যাখ্যা
Emphysema is a chronic obstructive airway disease characterized by permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles.
It is a component of along with chronic bronchitis.
Subtypes include centriacinar (most common, smoking related), panacinar (seen in α1-antitrypsin deficiency), distal acinar and irregular.
৩৬০.
Cell number is increased in
ব্যাখ্যা
• Hyperplasia is defined as an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue in response to a stimulus.
• Hyperplasia is the result of growth factor-driven proliferation of mature cells and, in some cases, by increased output of new cells from tissue stem cells.
• Physiological hyperplasia occurs in – breast during puberty, liver after hepatectomy
• Pathological hyperplasia occurs in – BPH, wart & endometrial tumour
৩৬১.
Mediator of passive immunity
৩৬২.
MALT lymphoma is associated with
৩৬৩.
Not true about M. tuberculosis
৩৬৪.
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in:
ব্যাখ্যা
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in bone marrow aspirate
৩৬৫.
Extrapyramidal lesion is menifested by -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Features of extrapyramidal lesion -
Corea
Athetosis
Hemibellismus
Bradykinesia
Features of extrapyramidal lesion -
Corea
Athetosis
Hemibellismus
Bradykinesia
৩৬৬.
Following parasite affect eye is:
ব্যাখ্যা
Loa loa affects eye
৩৬৭.
Necroptosis false statement -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Necroptosis -is a hybrid that shares aspects of both necrosis and apoptosis. Morphologically, and to some extent biochemically, it resembles necrosis, as both are characterized by loss of ATP, swelling of the cell and organelles, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of lysosomal enzymes, and ultimately rupture of the plasma membrane.
Mechanistically, it is triggered by signal transduction pathways that culminate in cell death, a feature similar to apoptosis. Because of these overlapping features, necroptosis is sometimes called programmed necrosis to distinguish it from forms of necrosis driven passively by toxic or ischemic injury to the cell.
Can occur both physiology and pathological condition.
Necroptosis -is a hybrid that shares aspects of both necrosis and apoptosis. Morphologically, and to some extent biochemically, it resembles necrosis, as both are characterized by loss of ATP, swelling of the cell and organelles, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of lysosomal enzymes, and ultimately rupture of the plasma membrane.
Mechanistically, it is triggered by signal transduction pathways that culminate in cell death, a feature similar to apoptosis. Because of these overlapping features, necroptosis is sometimes called programmed necrosis to distinguish it from forms of necrosis driven passively by toxic or ischemic injury to the cell.
Can occur both physiology and pathological condition.
৩৬৮.
Which of the following is pathognomonic hallmark of gout?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Tophi in various sites are the pathognomonic hallmark of gout
৩৬৯.
Which is not the feature of tetralogy of fallot -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
The 4 cardinal features of TOF -
1. VSD
2.Obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract
3.An aorta that overrides the VSD
4.Right ventricular hypertrophy
The 4 cardinal features of TOF -
1. VSD
2.Obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract
3.An aorta that overrides the VSD
4.Right ventricular hypertrophy
৩৭০.
Which is not the cause of portal hypertension -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of portal hypertension :
Obstructive thtombosis of portal vein
Cirrhosis
Nodular hyperplasia of liver
Massive fatty change
Diffuse granulomatous disease
Right sided heart failure
Causes of portal hypertension :
Obstructive thtombosis of portal vein
Cirrhosis
Nodular hyperplasia of liver
Massive fatty change
Diffuse granulomatous disease
Right sided heart failure
৩৭১.
Morphologic alterations in reversible cell injury excludes
৩৭২.
Osteoblastic metastasis occurs in -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of -
Osteoblastic metastasis following carcinoma :
Prostate
Breast ( Mixed)
Osteolytic metastasis following carcinoma :
Kidney
Thyroid
Lung
Breast
Causes of -
Osteoblastic metastasis following carcinoma :
Prostate
Breast ( Mixed)
Osteolytic metastasis following carcinoma :
Kidney
Thyroid
Lung
Breast
৩৭৩.
Exuberant scars that recur after excision are called
ব্যাখ্যা
Exuberant scars that recur after excision are called desmoids
৩৭৪.
Which of the following causes radio-opaque renal stone?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Uric acid stone is radio opaque
৩৭৫.
Location of class I MHC -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Class I - Present in all nucleated cell and platelet
Class II - Present in antigen presenting cell ( Macrophage,B- cell,Dendritic cell)
Class III - Remains free in plasma.
Class I - Present in all nucleated cell and platelet
Class II - Present in antigen presenting cell ( Macrophage,B- cell,Dendritic cell)
Class III - Remains free in plasma.
৩৭৬.
Most common cause of thrombosis is
ব্যাখ্যা
Most common cause of thrombosis is endothelial injury
৩৭৭.
Antigen testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid is most useful in the diagnosis of
ব্যাখ্যা
Antigen testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid is most useful in the diagnosis of cryptococcosis.
৩৭৮.
Mycobacterium leprae has tropism for
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : M. Leprae has tropism for Schwann cells & skin macrophages.
৩৭৯.
Example of superantigen -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Superantigen -
Enterotoxin of staphylococcus
Toxic shock syndrome toxin of s.aureus
All toxin of steptococcus
Enterotoxin of bacillus
Enterotoxin of clostridium.
Superantigen -
Enterotoxin of staphylococcus
Toxic shock syndrome toxin of s.aureus
All toxin of steptococcus
Enterotoxin of bacillus
Enterotoxin of clostridium.
৩৮০.
Listeria monocytogenes most frequently causes which of the following infections?
ব্যাখ্যা
Listeria monocytogenes most frequently causes Meningitis
৩৮১.
Pneumothorax is characterized by -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Pneumothorax -
Inspection - Restricted chest movement
Palpation - Trachea and apex beat shifted to opposite side
Percussion - Resonant percussion note
Auscultation -
Breath sound absent
No added sound
Pneumothorax -
Inspection - Restricted chest movement
Palpation - Trachea and apex beat shifted to opposite side
Percussion - Resonant percussion note
Auscultation -
Breath sound absent
No added sound
৩৮২.
Characteristic of kala-azar
ব্যাখ্যা
In kala-azar
Symptoms begin with intermittent fever, weakness, and weight loss.
Massive enlargement of the spleen is characteristic.
Hyperpigmentation of the skin is seen in light-skinned patients (kala-azar means black sickness).
৩৮৩.
Common carcinoma occurs in gall bladder-
ব্যাখ্যা
Adenocarcinoma is common carcinoma of gallbladder
৩৮৪.
Ground itch is associated with-
ব্যাখ্যা
Ancylostoma duodenale larva causes ground itch.
৩৮৫.
Source of free radicals -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
• The reduction-oxidation reactions that occur during normal metabolic processes.
• Absorption of radiant energy (e.g., ultraviolet light, x-rays).
• Rapid bursts of ROS are produced in activated leukocytes during inflammation.
•. Defects in leukocytic
superoxide production lead to chronic granulomatous disease.
• Enzymatic metabolism of exogenous chemicals or drugs can generate free radicals
• Transition metals such as iron and copper donate or accept free electrons during intracellular reactions and catalyze free radical formation
• The reduction-oxidation reactions that occur during normal metabolic processes.
• Absorption of radiant energy (e.g., ultraviolet light, x-rays).
• Rapid bursts of ROS are produced in activated leukocytes during inflammation.
•. Defects in leukocytic
superoxide production lead to chronic granulomatous disease.
• Enzymatic metabolism of exogenous chemicals or drugs can generate free radicals
• Transition metals such as iron and copper donate or accept free electrons during intracellular reactions and catalyze free radical formation
৩৮৬.
Most common cause of UTI -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Organism causes UTI :
E.coli (most common)
Proteus
Staphylococcus saphrophyticus ( Young women)
Staph.epidermidis
Enterococcus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Organism causes UTI :
E.coli (most common)
Proteus
Staphylococcus saphrophyticus ( Young women)
Staph.epidermidis
Enterococcus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
৩৮৭.
Both ESR & CRP raised in which of the following condition?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: In Pregnancy, old age and multiple myeloma, isolated elevation of ESR not CRP.
৩৮৮.
Following which is oncogenic RNA virus -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Oncogenic RNA Viruses:
1. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
– Causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
2. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
– Associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer).
Oncogenic RNA Viruses:
1. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
– Causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
2. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
– Associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer).
৩৮৯.
Which chemical structure is septic shock inducer?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: LPS &teichoic acid are septic shock inducer.
৩৯০.
Local factors that influence tissue repair
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 71]
৩৯১.
Atypical organisms excludes
ব্যাখ্যা
• The term atypical organisms is used for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetii, and viruses (influenza viruses types A and B, human metapneumovirus)
৩৯২.
Which one is better tolerated in giardiasis?
ব্যাখ্যা
• The treatment of choice is either tinidazole or metronidazole.
• Tinidazole is better tolerated.
• Tinidazole is better tolerated.
৩৯৩.
Examples of disease have multifactorial inheritence -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Multifactorial ( polygenic) inheritance disorders -
Cleft lip and or palate
Congenital dialocation of hip
Congenital heart defects
Gout
Hypertension
Diabetes
Neural tube defects
Multifactorial ( polygenic) inheritance disorders -
Cleft lip and or palate
Congenital dialocation of hip
Congenital heart defects
Gout
Hypertension
Diabetes
Neural tube defects
৩৯৪.
Most common differential diagnosis of acute upper abdominal pain -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Common D/D in acute upper abdominal pain :
Peptic ulcer disease ( most common)
Acute pancreatitis
Acute cholecystitis
Acute inferior MI
Diabetic ketoacidosis .
Common D/D in acute upper abdominal pain :
Peptic ulcer disease ( most common)
Acute pancreatitis
Acute cholecystitis
Acute inferior MI
Diabetic ketoacidosis .
৩৯৫.
Mechanism of hyperacute transplant rejection -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Hyperacute rejection:
Occurs within minutes to hours
Due to preformed antibody and complement activation (type II hypersensitivity)
Hyperacute rejection:
Occurs within minutes to hours
Due to preformed antibody and complement activation (type II hypersensitivity)
৩৯৬.
Most gastric adenocarcinoma involves
ব্যাখ্যা
• Most gastric adenocarcinomas involve the gastric antrum; the lesser curvature is involved more often than the greater curvature.
৩৯৭.
Exudative ascities seen in -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Causes of transudative oedema :
Protein energy malnutrition
Liver cirrhosis
Malnutrition
Protein losing gastroenteropathy
Causes of exudative ascities :
Heart failure
Cirrhosis
Portal vein thrombosis
Tuberculosis
Peritoneal tumor.
Causes of transudative oedema :
Protein energy malnutrition
Liver cirrhosis
Malnutrition
Protein losing gastroenteropathy
Causes of exudative ascities :
Heart failure
Cirrhosis
Portal vein thrombosis
Tuberculosis
Peritoneal tumor.
৩৯৮.
N. gonorrhoeae causes all of the following except
৩৯৯.
CA 15-3 is related to carcinoma of
৪০০.
Borrelia burgdorferi causes