লগ ইননিবন্ধন
বিষয়সমূহ

PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন

Compound Sentence

মোট প্রশ্ন৩৭৭এই পাতা১০০প্রতি পাতা১০০
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Compound Sentence

PrepBank · পাতা ৩ / ৪ · ২০১–৩০০ / ৩৭৭

২০১.
The girl who is meritorious can make a good result. (Simple)
  1. ক
    The girl is meritorious and she can make a good result.
  2. খ
    A meritorious girl can make a good result.
  3. গ
    The girl can make a good result if she is meritorious.
  4. ঘ
    The girl makes a good result because she is meritorious.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
A meritorious girl can make a good result.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
A meritorious girl can make a good result.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - খ) A meritorious girl can make a good result.

• Subject + relative pronoun (who/which / that) + adjective যুক্ত complex sentence কে simple sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
(i) প্রথমে the-এর পরিবর্তে a / an বসে +
(ii) relative pronoun এর পরের adjective টি বসে +
(ii) প্রদত্ত subject টি বসে +
(iv) প্রদত্ত sentence-এর adjective-এর পরের অংশটি বসে।

Example:
Complex: The girl who is meritorious can make a good result.
Simple: A meritorious girl can make a good result.

More example:
Complex: The boy who is industrious can shine in life.
Simple: An industrious boy can shine in life.
ব্যাখ্যা: নিয়ম অনুযায়ী article an বসেছে প্রদত্ত adjective industrious বসেছে+ subject boy বসেছে + can থেকে life পর্যন্ত বসেছে।

Other options:
ক) The girl is meritorious and she can make a good result.
- এটি একটি compound sentence।

- দুটি independent clause:
The girl is meritorious.
She can make a good result.
and দ্বারা যুক্ত হওয়াতে এটি compound sentence।
- তাই এটি simple sentence নয়।

গ) The girl can make a good result if she is meritorious.
- এটি একটি complex sentence।

- “if she is meritorious” → conditional clause (subordinate)
- এটি simple sentence নয়।

 ঘ) The girl makes a good result because she is meritorious.
- এটি একটি complex sentence।
- “because she is meritorious” → cause clause (subordinate clause)
- simple sentence নয়।

Source: Advance Learner’s English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২০২.
They worked overtime to save money for a vacation. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    They worked overtime and so to save money for a vacation.
  2. খ
    They wanted to save money for a vacation and so therefore they worked overtime.
  3. গ
    They worked overtime and so therefore to save money for a vacation.
  4. ঘ
    They wanted to save money for a vacation and therefore they worked overtime.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
They wanted to save money for a vacation and therefore they worked overtime.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
They wanted to save money for a vacation and therefore they worked overtime.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করতে তিনটি কাজ করতে হয় -
- যথা-
(1) Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
(2) ‘want to’ অতিরিক্ত যোগ হবে।
(3) ‘and so/ and therefore’ Conjunction যোগ হবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে - They wanted to save money for a vacation and therefore they worked overtime.

• Compound sentence-এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়।
- অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি coordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
২০৩.
Without reading hard, you cannot pass. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) Read hard but you cannot pass.
  2. খ
    খ) Read hard and you cannot pass.
  3. গ
    গ) Read hard or you will not pass.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Read hard lest you cannot pass.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Read hard or you will not pass.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Read hard or you will not pass.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
সঠিক উত্তরটি হচ্ছে - Read hard or you will not pass. 
- Without reading hard, you cannot pass এটি একটি Simple sentence. 
- Simple sentence যদি without + verb(ing) দ্বারা শুরু হয়, এ ধরনের sentence কে Compound করার নিয়ম : Without বাদ যাবে + দুটি clause-এর মাঝে or/otherwise বসবে এবং শেষের clause-টি future tense-এ হবে। 

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
২০৪.
Though the team played well, they lost the game. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    The team played well but lost the game.
  2. খ
    The team played well and lost the game.
  3. গ
    The team played well or lost the game.
  4. ঘ
    The team played well so lost the game.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
The team played well but lost the game.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
The team played well but lost the game.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: The team played well but lost the game.

• Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Though/ although উঠে যায়।
- ১ম Clause টি বসে।
- মাঝে But বসে।
- ২য় Clause টি বসে।

Other options:
খ) The team played well and lost the game.
- ভুল, কারণ Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের ক্ষেত্রে দুটি clause এর মাঝে Conjunction 'but' বসে।

গ) The team played well or lost the game.
- ভুল, কারণ Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের ক্ষেত্রে দুটি clause এর মাঝে Conjunction 'but' বসে।

ঘ) The team played well so lost the game.
-  ভুল, কারণ Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের ক্ষেত্রে দুটি clause এর মাঝে Conjunction 'but' বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২০৫.
Which of the following sentences is a compound sentence?
  1. ক
    ক) Work hard to prosper in life.
  2. খ
    খ) I saw him who was going to market
  3. গ
    গ) He was very weak and could not walk.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Without working hard, you cannot succeed.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) He was very weak and could not walk.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) He was very weak and could not walk.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Compound sentence-এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়।
- অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি co-ordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
২০৬.
“Follow my instructions, otherwise you may fall in danger” – What type of sentence is this?
  1. ক
    ক) Conditional
  2. খ
    খ) simple
  3. গ
    গ) compound
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) complex
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) compound
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) compound
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
যে বাক্যে ২টি Clause থাকে এবং এগুলো Co-ordinate Conjunction (এখানে otherwise) দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকে, তাকে Compound Sentence বলে।
২০৭.
In spite of his illness he sat for the exam. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) He was ill so he sit for the exam.
  2. খ
    খ) He was ill but he sat for the exam.
  3. গ
    গ) He was very ill as well as he sat for the exam.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He was ill, he sat for the exam.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was ill but he sat for the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was ill but he sat for the exam.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রদত্ত প্রশ্নের Compound sentence হচ্ছে He was ill but he sat for the exam.

• যদি simple sentence এ 'in spite of' থাকে তবে compound sentence এ conjunction 'but' দিয়ে ভিন্ন clause দুটো যুক্ত করতে হয়।
Example:
Simple: In spite of his poverty the postman never shirks his duty.
Compound: The postman is poor, but he never shirks his duty.

Simple: In spite of his illness he sat for the exam.
Compound: He was ill, but he sat for the exam.
২০৮.
Change to compound sentence:
If it rains, we will cancel the trip.
  1. ক
    It rains and we will cancel the trip.
  2. খ
    It rains but we will cancel the trip.
  3. গ
    It rains or we will cancel the trip.
  4. ঘ
    It rains, so we will cancel the trip.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
It rains, so we will cancel the trip.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
It rains, so we will cancel the trip.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা

- Correct answer: It rains, so we will cancel the trip.

- If it rains, we will cancel the trip.
- মূল বাক্যটি একটি শর্তসাপেক্ষ বাক্য, যেখানে “If” দিয়ে দুটি clause যুক্ত।
- এটি একটি Complex sentence কারণ একটির ওপর অন্যটির শর্ত নির্ভরশীল।
- Compound sentence দুটি স্বাধীন clause থাকতে হয় এবং coordinating conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত করতে হয়।
- অপশন ঘ-তে “so” ব্যবহার হয়েছে, যা কারণ ও ফলাফল বোঝায় এবং দুটি স্বাধীন clause যুক্ত করেছে।
- It rains, so we will cancel the trip.
- তাই অপশন ঘ সঠিক কারণ এটি মূল অর্থ বজায় রেখে কম্পাউন্ড বাক্য তৈরি করেছে।

Other options:
ক) It rains and we will cancel the trip.
- “and” যুক্তি বা পরস্পরের সাথে যুক্ত দুই তথ্যের জন্য ব্যবহার হয়। কিন্তু এখানে বৃষ্টির কারণে ট্রিপ বাতিল হবে, তাই “and” অর্থ ঠিক বোঝায় না।

খ) It rains but we will cancel the trip.
- “but” বিরোধ বা বিপরীত তথ্যের জন্য। কিন্তু বৃষ্টি আর ট্রিপ বাতিল হওয়া পরস্পরের বিপরীত নয়, তাই “but” ভুল।

গ) It rains or we will cancel the trip.
- “or” বিকল্প বা দ্বৈত সিদ্ধান্তের জন্য। এখানে দুইটি ঘটনা বিকল্প নয়, তাই “or” ভুল।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

২০৯.
Change the sentence into the Compound sentence:
The old man is too weak to lift the box.
  1. ক
    The old man was so weak and cannot lift the box.
  2. খ
    The old man is very weak and cannot lift the box.
  3. গ
    The old man is very weak and could not lift the box.
  4. ঘ
    The old man is very weak so that he cannot lift the box.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
The old man is very weak and cannot lift the box.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
The old man is very weak and cannot lift the box.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
→Correct Answer: খ) The old man is very weak and cannot lift the box.

 Simple sentence থেকে compound sentence করার নিয়ম:
Too + to যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তর করতে:
- Too এর পরিবর্তে very বসাতে হয়।
- to এর পরিবর্তে and বসাতে হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী cannot/could not বসাতে হয়।
- বাক্যের to এর পরের অংশ ঠিক থাকে।

• প্রদত্ত sentence টি Simple Sentence: "The old man is too weak to lift the box."
Compound Sentence: The old man is very weak and cannot lift the box.

Example:
Simple Sentence: The boy is too tired to run.
Compound Sentence: The boy is very tired and cannot run.
Simple sentence: The little girl is too weak to walk.
Compound sentence: The little girl is very weak and cannot walk.
২১০.
Though the exam was tough, he passed with good marks. (Compound)
  1. ক
    The exam was tough, yet he passed with a good marks.
  2. খ
    The exam was tough, but he passed with good marks.
  3. গ
    The exam was tough, and he passed with good marks.
  4. ঘ
    The exam was tough, but yet he passed with good marks.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
The exam was tough, but he passed with good marks.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
The exam was tough, but he passed with good marks.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
Complex: Though the exam was tough, he passed with good marks.
Compound: The exam was tough, but he passed with good marks.

• Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম: 
- Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করতে but/yet coordinate marker ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- অর্থাৎ দুইটা sentence- এর অর্থ যদি পরস্পর বিপরীত হয় তাহলে but/yet দ্বারা compound sentence করতে হয়।

উদাহরণ:
Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
Compound: He is poor but honest.

Complex: Though he was a rich man, he led a simple life.
Compound: He was a rich man yet he led a simple life.

বিকল্পগুলোর বিশ্লেষণ:
ক) The exam was tough, yet he passed with a good marks.
→ "Yet" এখানে ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে, তবে "a good marks" ব্যাকরণগতভাবে ভুল (সঠিক হবে "good marks")।

গ) The exam was tough, and he passed with good marks.
→ "And" যোগ করা ভুল, কারণ এখানে contrasting idea (বিপরীত ধারণা) আছে, যা "but" বা "yet" দ্বারা ভালোভাবে বোঝানো যায়।

ঘ) The exam was tough, but yet he passed with good marks.
→ "But yet" একসঙ্গে ব্যবহার করা ভুল, কারণ "but" এবং "yet" একই ধরনের অর্থ বহন করে।
২১১.
Though she was tired, she continued working late into the night. (compound sentence)
  1. ক
    She was tired and continued working late into the night.
  2. খ
    She was tired but continued working late into the night.
  3. গ
    She was tired so continued working late into the night.
  4. ঘ
    She was tired and then continued working late into the night.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She was tired but continued working late into the night.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She was tired but continued working late into the night.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

• Though/although উঠে যায়,
- ১ম clause টি বসে,
- but বসে,
- ২য় clause বসে।

Complex: Though he tried to pray, he could not get rid of the curse.
Compound: He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.

Complex: Though she was tired, she continued working late into the night.
Compound: She was tired but continued working late into the night.

Source: Advanced Learners by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২১২.
‘Mr. Islam kept his promise.’ Turn the sentence into a compound sentence.
  1. ক
    As Mr. Islam made a promise, she kept it.
  2. খ
    Mr. Islam made a promise so that he could keep it.
  3. গ
    Mr. Islam not only made a promise but also kept it.
  4. ঘ
    Mr. Islam made a promise to keep.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mr. Islam not only made a promise but also kept it.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Mr. Islam not only made a promise but also kept it.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
Simple Sentence or Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করতে প্রয়োজন অনুযায়ী not only,but also, and, but, or ইত্যাদি Conjunction দুটো Independent Clause কে যুক্ত করতে ব্যবহৃত হয় ৷
উল্লেখ্য, As/ so that যুক্ত বাক্য দুটি Complex Sentence ৷
আর শেষ option টি একটি Simple Sentence, কেননা এখানে একটি মাত্র Subject এবং একটি মাত্র Finite Verb রয়েছে ৷
২১৩.
Though he tried to pray, he could not get rid of the curse. (Compound)
  1. ক
    He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.
  2. খ
    He tried to pray and could not get rid of the curse.
  3. গ
    He tried to pray so could not get rid of the curse.
  4. ঘ
    He tried to pray and than could not get rid of the curse.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

• Though/although উঠে যায়,
- ১ম clause টি বসে,
- but বসে,
- ২য় clause বসে।

Complex: Though he tried to pray, he could not get rid of the curse.
Compound: He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.

Source: Advanced Learners by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২১৪.
What is the compound form of the sentence - 'She kept her promise'?
  1. ক
    ক) She made a promise to keep
  2. খ
    খ) She made a promise so that she keep it.
  3. গ
    গ) She not only made a promise but also kept it.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) As she made a promise, she kept it.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) She not only made a promise but also kept it.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) She not only made a promise but also kept it.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
Compound sentence-এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়। অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততােধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে। এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, or else, both -- and, either --- or, neither ---- nor, not only ---- but also ইত্যাদি co-ordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
২১৫.
We bought some new books to practice more. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) We bought some new books in order that we could practice more.
  2. খ
    খ) We bought some new books so that the books can increase our practice.
  3. গ
    গ) We bought some new books and they can practice more.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) We wanted to practice more and therefore we bought some new books.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) We wanted to practice more and therefore we bought some new books.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) We wanted to practice more and therefore we bought some new books.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound sentence এ and so/ and therefore বসাতে হয়।
- এক্ষেত্রে Clause গুলো উল্টে যাবে এবং প্রথম Clause এ ‘want to’ যোগ হবে।
- সে অনুসারে প্রদত্ত বাক্যের সঠিক compound form হবে: We wanted to practice more and therefore we bought some new books.
২১৬.
Find the correct compound sentence.
  1. ক
    ক) I offended him because I did this.
  2. খ
    খ) He kept the promise be had made.
  3. গ
    গ) I did this and so offered him.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He kept his promise.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) I did this and so offered him.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) I did this and so offered him.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
- যদি কোন sentence এ একাধিক principal clause and, but, or, yer, and, so, therefore ইত্যাদি Co-ordinating Conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়, তাকে Compound Sentence বলে।

যেমন:
- I did this and so offered him.
- He is rich, but he is honest.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain
২১৭.
Identify the compound sentence.
  1. ক
    The house that has a red roof is mine.
  2. খ
    After finishing his homework, Tom played video games with his cousins
  3. গ
    The movie was really interesting, but it was quite long.
  4. ঘ
    The sun shines brightly in the sky.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The movie was really interesting, but it was quite long.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The movie was really interesting, but it was quite long.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct answer: The movie was really interesting, but it was quite long.

• Compound sentence:
- এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়।
- অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি coordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
-যেমন:
- The team practiced hard, yet they lost the match.

• অন্যদিকে,
• Simple sentence:
- A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause that expresses a complete thought.
- একটি simple sentence এ শুধুমাত্র একটি clause থাকে অর্থাৎ একটি subject এবং একটি finite verb থাকে,
- যেমন:
- In her paintings, the artist captures the resilience of the human spirit.
- The sun shines brightly in the sky.

• Complex sentence:
- যে sentence এ একটি Principal clause এবং এক বা একাধিক Subordinate clause থাকে, তাকে Complex sentence বলে।
- Complex sentence এর subordinate clause এর শুরুতে সাধারণত if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, who, which, where, how, before, after, whether, while বসে।
যেমন:
- The house that has a red roof is mine.
- After finishing his homework, Tom played video games with his cousins.
- Even though she was tired, she stayed up late to finish her project.

২১৮.
Learn English and get a good job. It is a/an -
  1. ক
    ক) Complex sentence
  2. খ
    খ) Simple sentence
  3. গ
    গ) Compound sentence
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Exclamatory sentence
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Compound sentence
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Compound sentence
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

Compound Sentence: যদি কোন Sentence এ একাধিক Principal clause and, but, or, yet, and so, therefore ইত্যাদি Co-ordinating Conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত হয় তাকে Compound Sentence বলে।
যেমন-
- Learn English and get a good job.
- He is rich but he is honest.

২১৯.
She was weeping as she lost her new phone. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) She lost her new phone so she was weeping.
  2. খ
    খ) She lost her new phone so that she was weeping.
  3. গ
    গ) She was weeping because she lost her new phone.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) She lost her new phone and so was weeping.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) She lost her new phone and so was weeping.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) She lost her new phone and so was weeping.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Compound Sentence এ কাজের ধারাবাহিকতা অনুযায়ী Clause গুলো বসে।
-  Complex Sentence এ ‍as/since/because থাকলে এবং এর দ্বারা কারণ বুঝালে Compound Sentence এ ‍and/ and so বসে। 
- as/since/ because ইত্যাদি থাকলে মাঝখানে and বসে।
- Subject একই হলে ২য় Clause এ Subject প্রয়োজন নেই।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - She lost her new phone and was weeping.
২২০.
Though she studied hard, she failed the exam. (make it compound)
  1. ক
    She studied hard or she failed the exam.
  2. খ
    She studied hard and she failed the exam.
  3. গ
    She studied hard but she failed the exam.
  4. ঘ
    She studied hard so she failed the exam.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She studied hard but she failed the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She studied hard but she failed the exam.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Though/ although উঠে যায়।
- ১ম Clause টি বসে।
- But বসে।
- ২য় Clause টি বসে।

• Complex Sentence: Though she studied hard, she failed the exam.
• Compound Sentence: She studied hard but she failed the exam.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২২১.
Though she is young, she is very wise. [Compound]
  1. ক
    She is young, but she is very wise.
  2. খ
    She is young, and she is very wise.
  3. গ
    She is young, but so she is very wise.
  4. ঘ
    She is young, so she is very wise.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She is young, but she is very wise.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She is young, but she is very wise.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা

• Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Though/ although উঠে যায়।
- ১ম Clause টি বসে।
- But বসে।
- ২য় Clause টি বসে।

• Complex Sentence: Though the boy ran fast, he could not win the race.
• Compound Sentence: The boy ran fast but he could not win the race.

Complex: Though she is young, she is very wise.
Compound: She is young, but she is very wise.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২২২.
Though she is underprivileged, she is truthful. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    She is underprivileged but she truthful.
  2. খ
    She is underprivileged and truthful.
  3. গ
    She is underprivileged but truthful.
  4. ঘ
    She is underprivileged also truthful.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She is underprivileged but truthful.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She is underprivileged but truthful.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

• Complex: Though she is underprivileged, she is truthful. 
• Compound: She is underprivileged but truthful.

• Complex to compound sentence:

• Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করতে,
- but/yet ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- অর্থাৎ দুইটা sentence- এর অর্থ যদি পরস্পর বিপরীত হয় তাহলে but/yet দ্বারা compound sentence করতে হয়।

- তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - She is underprivileged but truthful.

২২৩.
I will kill you if you don't speak the truth. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) Speak the truth, then I will not kill you.
  2. খ
    খ) I will kill you, if you don't speak the truth.
  3. গ
    গ) I will kill you, if you speak the truth.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Speak the truth or I will kill you.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Speak the truth or I will kill you.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Speak the truth or I will kill you.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
If যুক্ত অংশটি যদি negative হয়, তবে compound sentence টি তে 'or' conjunction যুক্ত হবে।
তাই, সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে - Speak the truth or I will kill you.
২২৪.
Rahi has an unyielding ambition to excel in international art competitions. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    Rahi has an unyielding ambition that she would excel in international art competitions.
  2. খ
    Rahi has an unyielding ambition therefore to excel in international art competitions.
  3. গ
    Rahi has an unyielding ambition so is to excel in international art competitions.
  4. ঘ
    Rahi has an unyielding ambition and it is to excel in international art competitions.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Rahi has an unyielding ambition and it is to excel in international art competitions.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Rahi has an unyielding ambition and it is to excel in international art competitions.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• to + verb যদি Object/ Object সদৃশ হয়, তাহলে Compound করার সময় ‍and it is /and it was + to + verb বসে।
- Object সদৃশ বলতে বুঝায়, Noun/ Adjective এর  অন্তর্নিহিত Verb এর Object হওয়া।
- to + verb যদি পূর্বের Verb এর  Object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে to + Verb দিয়ে সার্বিকভাবে যা বুঝাচ্ছে এ রকম একটা Object ব্যবহার করে এর পর and it is/was + to + Verb বসবে। 

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যে, To + Verb টিambition - Noun এর অন্তর্নিহিত Verb এর Object সদৃশ হয়েছে।
- সে কী আকাঙ্ক্ষা করে – প্রশ্ন করলে উত্তর পাওয়া যায় – সে ইন্টারন্যাশনাল 
আর্ট কম্পিটিশনে শ্রেষ্ঠতা অর্জন এর আশা করে।
• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, সঠিক উত্তর - Rahi has an unyielding ambition and it is to excel in international art competitions.
২২৫.
He earned popularity by helping the common people. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    He earned popularity and he helped the common people.
  2. খ
    He earned popularity because he helped the common people.
  3. গ
    He helped the common people and earned popularity.
  4. ঘ
    Help the poor and he earned popularity.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
He helped the common people and earned popularity.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
He helped the common people and earned popularity.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
সে দরিদ্রদের সাহায্য করার দ্বারা জনপ্রিয়তা অর্জন করেছিল।
আগে সাহায্য পরে জনপ্রিয়তা- Compound Sentence- এ কাজের এ ধারাবাহিকতা রক্ষা করতে হয়। তাই সঠিক উত্তর (গ)।
২২৬.
Having finished her activities, she went for a walk. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    She had finished her activities and so she had gone for a walk.
  2. খ
    She had finished her activities so that she went for a walk.
  3. গ
    If she had finished her activities, she would have gone for a walk.
  4. ঘ
    She had finished her activities and went for a walk.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had finished her activities and went for a walk.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had finished her activities and went for a walk.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
Simple Sentence: Having finished her activities, she went for a walk.
Compound Sentence: She had finished her activities and went for a walk.

• প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি simple sentence- এ রয়েছে।
• Perfect Participle যুক্ত Simple sentence কে Compound sentence এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম: Subject + Perfect Participle এর  Past Perfect form + and + বাকি অংশ বসে। 

More Example:
- Simple Sentence: Having forgotten him, I went out.
- Compound Sentence: I had forgotten him and went out.
২২৭.
He left early to catch the train. (Compound)
  1. ক
    He wanted to catch the train and therefore so he left early.
  2. খ
    He wanted to catch the train so he left early.
  3. গ
    He wanted to catch the train and so therefore he left early.
  4. ঘ
    He wanted to catch the train and so he left early.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
He wanted to catch the train and so he left early.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
He wanted to catch the train and so he left early.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করতে তিনটি কাজ করতে হয় -
- যথা-
(1) Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
(2) ‘want to’ অতিরিক্ত যোগ হবে।
(3) ‘and so/ therefore’ Conjunction যোগ হবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে -
Simple: He left early to catch the train.
Compound: He wanted to catch the train and so he left early.
২২৮.
People pollute water by throwing waste into it. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) People pollute water and throw waste into it.
  2. খ
    খ) People pollute water as they throw waste into it.
  3. গ
    গ) People throw waste into it and pollute water.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) People throw waste into water and pollute it.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) People throw waste into water and pollute it.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) People throw waste into water and pollute it.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
Compound Sentence এ কাজের ধারাবাহিকতা অনুযায়ী Clause গুলো বসাতে হয়।
এখানে মানুষ আবর্জনা পানিতে ফেলে আগে, আর এর ফলে পানি দূষিত হয় পরে। তাই প্রথমে আমাদের বসাতে হবে, People throw waste into water (আর এক্ষেত্রে water বসাতে হবে it এর পরিবর্তে, কারণ Pronoun সব সময় Noun এর পরে বসে) এবং পরে বসাতে হবে and pollute it.
২২৯.
Find out the complex sentence below.
  1. ক
    He acted on my advice.
  2. খ
    The circumstances were too complex for them to cope with.
  3. গ
    She was not so young as I expected.
  4. ঘ
    He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She was not so young as I expected.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She was not so young as I expected.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Complex sentence: 
- যে sentence এ একটি Principal clause এবং এক বা একাধিক Subordinate clause থাকে, তাকে Complex sentence বলে। 
- Complex sentence এর subordinate clause এর শুরুতে সাধারণত if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, who, which, where, how, before, after, whether, while বসে।
সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী - She was not so young as I expected - এই বাক্যটি হচ্ছে - Complex sentence.
- It consists of an independent clause, "She was not so clever," and a dependent clause, "as I expected," which functions as an adverbial clause modifying the independent clause.

• অন্য অপশন গুলো মধ্যে - 
ক) He acted on my advice এবং খ) The circumstances were too complex for them to cope with. হচ্ছে simple sentence.
- A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause that expresses a complete thought.
- একটি simple sentence এ শুধুমাত্র একটি clause থাকে অর্থাৎ একটি subject এবং একটি finite verb থাকে।

ঘ)  He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard - হচ্ছে compound sentence.
- Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
 -এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি coordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
২৩০.
Though he is allergic to nuts, he ate the dessert. (compound)
  1. ক
    He is allergic to nuts, but ate the dessert.
  2. খ
    He is allergic to nuts, and ate the dessert.
  3. গ
    He is allergic to nuts, so ate the dessert.
  4. ঘ
    He is allergic to nuts, and then ate the dessert.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He is allergic to nuts, but ate the dessert.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He is allergic to nuts, but ate the dessert.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

• Though/although উঠে যায়,
- ১ম clause টি বসে,
- but বসে,
- ২য় clause বসে।

Complex: Though he tried to pray, he could not get rid of the curse.
Compound: He tried to pray but could not get rid of the curse.

Complex: Though he is allergic to nuts, he ate the dessert.
Compound: He is allergic to nuts, but ate the dessert.

Source: Advanced Learners by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৩১.
The compound from of 'I went there to ask for help'-
  1. ক
    ক) I went there and asking for a help
  2. খ
    খ) I went there so that I can ask for help
  3. গ
    গ) I went there for asking a help
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) I went there and asked for help
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) I went there and asked for help
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) I went there and asked for help
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা

যখন কোনো Sentence এ একাধিক Principal clause যেমন and, but, or, yet, therefore ইত্যাদি Co-ordinating Conjuction দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়, তাকে Compound sentence বলে।
I went there to ask for help.
এই বাক্যের compound করতে হলে and ব্যবহার করতে হবে কারণ এখানে একটি কাজ বা লক্ষ্যে আরেকটি কাজ করা হয়েছে বুঝাচ্ছে। 
যেমন: She fell downstairs and broke her leg.
- Ifty finally turned around and confronted the man.
তাই সঠিক উত্তর হবে ঘ 

২৩২.
If you speak the truth, I will let him go. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) Speaking the truth and I will let him go.
  2. খ
    খ) He speak the truth and I leave him.
  3. গ
    গ) Speak the truth but I will let him go.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Speak the truth and I will let him go.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Speak the truth and I will let him go.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Speak the truth and I will let him go.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা

এ ধরনের Complex sentence কে compound এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হলে if, which ইত্যাদি তুলে দিয়ে and, but, yet ইত্যাদি conjunction যুক্ত করতে হয় এবং এতে একাধিক clause থাকে।
তাই সঠিক expression - Speak the truth and I will let him go.

২৩৩.
Work hard or regret it later. (Make it simple)
  1. ক
    By working hard, you will regret it later.
  2. খ
    Without not working hard, you will regret it later.
  3. গ
    Without working hard, you will not regret it later.
  4. ঘ
    Without working hard, you will regret it later.
  5. ঙ
    Working hard, you will regret it later.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Without working hard, you will regret it later.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Without working hard, you will regret it later.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Simple Sentence: Work hard or regret it later.
- Compound Sentence: Without working hard, you will regret it later.

• Or যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে Simple করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Without বসে + প্রথম বাক্যের মূল verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয় + verb এর পরের অংশ বসে (যদি থাকে) + or এর পরিবর্তে (,) বসে + দ্বিতীয় বাক্য/বাক্যাংশ বসে। 
- এখানে দ্বিতীয় বাক্যে শুধু "regret it later" আছে বিধায় এটি future tense এ হবে। 

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৩৪.
You must work hard in order to succeed. (Compound)
  1. ক
    Work hard and succeeding.
  2. খ
    Work hard or you succeed.
  3. গ
    Work hard and you will succeed
  4. ঘ
    If you work hard, you succeed.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Work hard and you will succeed
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Work hard and you will succeed
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

The Correct sentence is - গ) Work hard and you will succeed
- এটি একটি compound sentence।
- এখানে দুটি স্বাধীন clause রয়েছে: "Work hard" এবং "you will succeed," যা "and" দিয়ে যুক্ত।
- এটি মূল বাক্যের অর্থ (কঠোর পরিশ্রম করলে সফল হবে) সঠিকভাবে প্রকাশ করে।

Simple Sentence থেকে Compound Sentence রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
যদি Simple Sentence-এ to + verb (যেমন: to succeed, to pass, to win ইত্যাদি) কোনো উদ্দেশ্য প্রকাশ করে, অথবা যদি in order to ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে নিম্নলিখিত নিয়ম অনুসরণ করতে হবে:
1. to + verb থাকলে, "to" বাদ দিতে হবে এবং বাক্যের পূর্বের অংশকে Imperative Sentence (আদেশমূলক বাক্য) হিসেবে রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
2. এরপর "and (you will)" বসিয়ে বাক্যের দ্বিতীয় অংশটি যুক্ত করতে হবে।
3. in order to + verb থাকলে, “in order to”-র জায়গায় “and (you will)” বসাতে হবে।

Example:
Simple: Do it in order to get money.
Compound: Do it and (you will) get money.

Simple: You must work hard in order to succeed.
Compound: Work hard and you will succeed.

Simple: Study hard in order to pass the exam.
Compound: Study hard and (you will) pass the exam.
​
Other options
ক) Work hard and succeeding:
"Succeeding" একটি gerund, যা একটি স্বাধীন clause নয়।
তাই এটি compound sentence নয়।

খ) Work hard or you succeed
"Or" conjunction ব্যবহার অর্থ পরিবর্তন করে এবং মূল বাক্যের উদ্দেশ্য (কঠোর পরিশ্রমের ফলে সাফল্য) প্রকাশ করে না।
এছাড়া "you succeed" present tense-এ, যা মূল বাক্যের "will succeed" (future) এর সাথে সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ নয়।

ঘ) If you work hard, you succeed
এটি একটি complex sentence, কারণ "If you work hard" একটি dependent clause।
প্রশ্নে compound sentence চাওয়া হয়েছে, তাই এটি ভুল।

​Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৩৫.
The compound form of:
Having finished his homework, he went out to play.
  1. ক
    He had finished his homework and went out to play.
  2. খ
    He had finished his homework and after went out to play.
  3. গ
    He finished his homework after went out to play.
  4. ঘ
    He had finished his homework so that he went out to play.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He had finished his homework and went out to play.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
He had finished his homework and went out to play.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
- Simple: Having finished his homework, he went out to play.
- Compound: He had finished his homework and went out to play.

• Perfect Participle যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject বসে,
- Perfect Participle এর past perfect form বসে,
- and বসে,
- বাকী অংশ বসে।

• More examples:
- Simple: Having locked the door, she left for work.
- Compound: She had locked the door and left for work.

- Simple: Having completed the project, we submitted it.
- Compound: We had completed the project and submitted it.
২৩৬.
Make it compound:
You must work hard for success.
  1. ক
    Work hard for the success.
  2. খ
    lWork hard to success.
  3. গ
    Work hard and you will succeed.
  4. ঘ
    Work hard for success.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Work hard and you will succeed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Work hard and you will succeed.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
Compound sentence এর দুইটি clause কে and, but, or, yet ইত্যাদি conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত করতে হয়।
অপশনগুলোতে শুধু (গ) তে conjunction ‘and’ রয়েছে, তাই এটিই সঠিক উত্তর।
২৩৭.
Without studying hard, you will not graduate. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    Study hard or so you will not graduate.
  2. খ
    Study hard or you will not graduate.
  3. গ
    Study hard yet so you will not graduate.
  4. ঘ
    Study hard and you will not graduate.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Study hard or you will not graduate.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Study hard or you will not graduate.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple to compound: 
• Simple Sentence এ without থাকলে Compound করার সময়: 
- Without বাদ যাবে 
- প্রথম clause টির imperetive sentence হিসেবে বসবে অর্থাৎ 'Study hard'
- দুটি clause-এর মাঝে or/otherwise বসবে এবং
- শেষের clause-টি বসবে। 

Simple: Without studying hard, you will not graduate.
Compound: Study hard or you will not graduate.
২৩৮.
‘Move and die’. This is a –
  1. ক
    a) Complex sentence
  2. খ
    b) Compound sentence
  3. গ
    c) Imperative sentence
  4. ঘ
    d) Simple sentence
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
b) Compound sentence
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
b) Compound sentence
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Compound Sentence is a sentence that connects two independent clauses, typically with a coordinating conjunction like ‘and, or, but’.
- আলোচ্য বাক্যে ‘Move’ এবং ‘Die’ imperative mood এর দুইটি clause যা and দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়েছে।‘ অতএব, এটি একটি Compound sentence।
২৩৯.
Hearing the news, she started crying. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    She heard the news yet she started crying.
  2. খ
    She heard the news and started crying.
  3. গ
    She started crying provided she heard the news.
  4. ঘ
    She heard the news and started weeping.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She heard the news and started crying.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She heard the news and started crying.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple to Compound: 
Simple Sentence এর প্রথমে Verb+ing+.... থাকলে, 
- তাকে Compound করতে হলে ঐ অংশটুকু একটি clause- এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হয়। 
- এজন্য ঐ অংশকে Noun phrase + verb + object/extension আকারে লিখতে হয় এবং clause দুটিকে 'and' দ্বারা যুক্ত করতে হয়। 
- এখানে Noun phrase হলো Simple sentence এর পরবর্তী অংশের Noun phrase এবং Verb এর tense হবে Simple sentence এর verb এর tense এর অনুরূপ। 
- Hearing the news এই অংশটুকুর Noun phrase হবে: She heard the news.
 
তাই সঠিক উত্তরটি হচ্ছে: She heard the news and started crying. 
 
Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
২৪০.
The weather being cold, we cannot go out. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    As The weather is cold and we cannot go out.
  2. খ
    As The weather is cold we cannot go out.
  3. গ
    The weather is cold and we cannot go out.
  4. ঘ
    The weather is cold yet we go out.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The weather is cold and we cannot go out.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The weather is cold and we cannot go out.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

• Being যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম: 
- Being এর বাকি অংশোটি যে tense এ আছে Being- কেও সেই একই tense গঠন করতে হবে। 
- Sentence দুটির মাঝে 'and' বসে। 

Simple: The weather being cold, we cannot go out. 
Compound: The weather is cold and we cannot go out.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain. 

২৪১.
The compound form of:
If you don’t apologize, we won’t forgive you.
  1. ক
    Unless you apologize and we won’t forgive you.
  2. খ
    Apologize or otherwise we won’t forgive you.
  3. গ
    Unless you don’t apologize or we won’t forgive you.
  4. ঘ
    Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Complex: If you don’t apologize, we won’t forgive you.
- Compound: Apologize or we won’t forgive you.

• Complex Sentence-এর একটি clause যদি if you দ্বারা গঠিত হয় বা if clause হয় তাহলে নিম্নরূপে তাকে compound-এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হয়:
i) Complex sentence-টি affirmative বা হ্যাঁ-বোধক হয় তাহলে if you তুলে দিয়ে verb-এর পরে and বসাতে হয়।
ii) Complex sentence-টি negative বা না-বোধক হয় তাহলে if you do not তুলে দিয়ে verb-এর শেষে or বসাতে হয়।
iii) If যুক্ত Clause- Affirmative বা Negative যাই হোক না কেন, If যুক্ত Clause টি Affirmative Imperative হয়ে বসে।

• More examples:
- Complex: If you don't confirm your attendance, they will cancel the event. 
- Compound: Confirm your attendance or they will cancel the event

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
২৪২.
Besides going to the book fair, I bought a number of books. (Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) I not only went to the book fair but also bought a number of books.
  2. খ
    খ) I went to the book fair and bought a number of books.
  3. গ
    গ) Going to the book fair, I bought a number of books.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) I bought a number of books when I went to the book fair.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) I not only went to the book fair but also bought a number of books.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) I not only went to the book fair but also bought a number of books.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ “besides + verb + ing থাকলে compound sentence এ “not only..….but also” structure ব্যবহার করে compound sentence টি গঠন করতে হয়।
- সুতরাং সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে - I not only went to the book fair but also bought a number of books.
২৪৩.
Though he was young, he was wise beyond his years. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    He was young and he was wise beyond his years.
  2. খ
    He was young yet he was wise beyond his years.
  3. গ
    Being young he was wise beyond his years.
  4. ঘ
    As he was young, he was wise beyond his years.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He was young yet he was wise beyond his years.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He was young yet he was wise beyond his years.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম: 
- দুটি sentence এর মাঝে but/yet "coordinate marker" ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- অর্থাৎ, দুইটা sentence- এর অর্থ যদি পরস্পর বিপরীত হয় তাহলে but/yet দ্বারা compound sentence করতে হয়।
 
Examples: 
Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
Compound: He is poor but honest.

Complex: Though he was young, he was wise beyond his years. 
Compound: He was young yet he was wise beyond his years.
২৪৪.
My mother bought a fish that was big. (Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) My mother bought a fish which was big.
  2. খ
    খ) My mother had bought a fish and it was big.
  3. গ
    গ) My mother bought a fish and it was big.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) My mother bought a fish but it was big.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) My mother bought a fish and it was big.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) My mother bought a fish and it was big.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

Relative pronoun যুক্ত Complex sentence কে compound করার নিয়মঃ
Relative Pronoun টির জায়গায় and বসে এবং প্রথম sentence এর object টি Subject হিসাবে বসে। আর সব ঠিক থাকে।
Complex: My mother bought a fish that was big.
Compound: My mother bought a fish and it was big.

২৪৫.
A compound sentence must have ____ principal clause.
  1. ক
    ক) More than one
  2. খ
    খ) Three
  3. গ
    গ) Four
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) None
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) More than one
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) More than one
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
Compound sentence-এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়। অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততােধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে। এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, or else, both -- and, either --- or, neither ---- nor, not only ---- but also ইত্যাদি co-ordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
২৪৬.
Despite her dedication, she couldn't pass the exam. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    She was dedicated yet she couldn't pass the exam.
  2. খ
    She was dedicated notwithstanding she couldn't pass the exam.
  3. গ
    She was dedicated though she couldn't pass the exam.
  4. ঘ
    She was dedicated despite she couldn't pass the exam.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She was dedicated yet she couldn't pass the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She was dedicated yet she couldn't pass the exam.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• In spite of/ despite/ notwithstanding এর পরিবর্তে Compound Sentence এ but/ yet বসে।
i) Despite/ in spite of/ notwithstanding যুক্ত Phrase টাকে Clause বানিয়ে বাক্যের শুরুতে বসাতে হবে।
- এ Clause টা বসানোর সময় অন্য Clause টার Tense কে অনুসরণ করতে হবে।
- অন্য Clause টা Past Tense হলে এটাও Past Tense হবে। 
ii) মাঝখানে Conjunction- but/yet বসবে। 
iii) অন্য Clause টা বসবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর, She was dedicated yet she couldn't pass the exam.
২৪৭.
It was too dark to see anything. [Compound]
  1. ক
    It was very dark and we can not see anything.
  2. খ
    It was very dark and we can't see anything.
  3. গ
    It was very dark and we could not see anything.
  4. ঘ
    It was very dark and to see anything.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
It was very dark and we could not see anything.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
It was very dark and we could not see anything.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple to Compound:

• Simple sentence এ too + adjective + to + verb থাকলে Compound এ too এর স্থলে very এবং that এর স্থলে and বসে।

Simple sentence: Sabbir was too weak to walk.
Compound sentence: Sabbir was very weak and could not walk.

Simple Sentence: It was too dark to see anything.
Compound Sentence: It was very dark and we could not see anything.
২৪৮.
He is poor but he is honest. (Complex)
  1. ক
    ক) Though he is poor, he is honest
  2. খ
    খ) He is poor and honest
  3. গ
    গ) As he is poor, he is honest
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Since he is poor, he is honest
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Though he is poor, he is honest
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) Though he is poor, he is honest
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি একটি compound sentence.
- Compound sentence এ but থাকলে Complex sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে Though/ Although ব্যবহৃত হয়.

• Complex sentence: 
- যে sentence এ একটি Principal clause এবং এক বা একাধিক Subordinate clause থাকে, তাকে Complex sentence বলে। 
- Complex sentence এর subordinate clause এর শুরুতে সাধারণত if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, who, which, where, how, before, after, whether, while বসে।

সুতরাং নিয়মানুযায়ী - 
Compound sentence: He is poor but he is honest
Complex Sentence: Though he is poor, he is honest.
২৪৯.
In spite of his working hard, he did not pass the exam. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) He work hard and he did pass the exam.
  2. খ
    খ) He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.
  3. গ
    গ) He worked hard so he did not pass the exam.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He worked hard because he did not pass the exam.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
- উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের Compound sentence হচ্ছে He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.

• Simple sentence এ 'in spite of' থাকলে compound sentence এ conjunction 'but' দিয়ে ভিন্ন দুটি clause যুক্ত করতে হয়।

Simple: In spite of his working hard, he did not pass the exam.
Compound: He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.

Simple: In spite of his being poor, he is honest.
Compound: He is poor but he is honest.
২৫০.
Though it was raining, they decided to go for a walk. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    It was raining but they decided to go a walk.
  2. খ
    When it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
  3. গ
    It was raining but they decided to go for a walk.
  4. ঘ
    Because it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
It was raining but they decided to go for a walk.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
It was raining but they decided to go for a walk.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Complex: Though it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
• Compound: It was raining but they decided to go for a walk.

• Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম: 
- Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করতে but/yet coordinate marker ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- অর্থাৎ দুইটা sentence- এর অর্থ যদি পরস্পর বিপরীত হয় তাহলে but/yet দ্বারা compound sentence করতে হয়।

More Examples:
- Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
- Compound: He is poor but honest.
২৫১.
Notwithstanding being a rich man, he treats everyone with generosity and compassion. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    He is a rich man and he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
  2. খ
    He is a rich man yet he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
  3. গ
    He is a rich man and so he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
  4. ঘ
    He is a rich man yet so he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He is a rich man yet he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He is a rich man yet he treats everyone with generosity and compassion.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Notwithstanding = সত্ত্বেও
- In spite of/ despite/ notwithstanding এর পরিবর্তে Compound Sentence এ but/ yet বসে।
- প্রথমে subject + verb বসে,
- but/yet  বসে।
- দুইটি clause এর subject একই হলে দ্বিতীয় clause টিতে subject বসাতে হয় না।

• অন্যভাবে বলা যায়, 
i) Despite/ in spite of/ notwithstanding যুক্ত Phrase টাকে Clause বানিয়ে বাক্যের শুরুতে বসাতে হবে।
- এ Clause টা বসানোর সময় অন্য Clause টার Tense কে অনুসরণ করতে হবে।
- অন্য Clause টা Past Tense হলে এটাও Past Tense হবে। 
ii) মাঝখানে Conjunction- but/yet বসবে। 
iii) অন্য Clause টা বসবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, He is a rich man yet he treats everyone with generosity and compassion. - সঠিক উত্তর।
২৫২.
You cannot cut a good figure in the exam if you do not utilize time properly. (make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) Don’t utilize time properly and you cannot cut a good figure in the exam.
  2. খ
    খ) Don’t utilize time properly but you cannot cut a good figure in the exam.
  3. গ
    গ) Utilize time properly or you cannot cut a good a figure in the exam.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) You cannot cut a good figure in the exam without utilizing time properly.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Utilize time properly or you cannot cut a good a figure in the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Utilize time properly or you cannot cut a good a figure in the exam.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
If যুক্ত Sentence কে Compound করতে হলে, প্রথমে If যুক্ত Clause কে Imperative Sentence এর Structure এ বসাতে হবে।
If clause – Affirmative হলে মাঝখানে and আর If clause – negative হলে মাঝখানে or বসবে।
তারপরে অন্য Clause টি যেভাবে আছে সেভাবে বসবে।
২৫৩.
She studies in order to get a scholarship. (compound)
  1. ক
    She studies and get a scholarship.
  2. খ
    Study and she gets a scholarship.
  3. গ
    She studies and she will get a scholarship.
  4. ঘ
    She studied and she get a scholarship.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She studies and she will get a scholarship.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She studies and she will get a scholarship.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - গ) She studies and she will get a scholarship.d and you will succeed.

• Simple থেকে compound করার ক্ষেত্রে, 
Simple Sentence-এ যদি to + verb (যেমন: to succeed, to pass, to win ইত্যাদি) কোনো উদ্দেশ্য (purpose) প্রকাশ করে, অথবা যদি in order to ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে এই বাক্যটিকে Compound Sentence-এ রূপান্তর করার সময় নিচের নিয়ম অনুসরণ করতে হয়:
- Simple Sentence-এ - in order to + verb থাকলে, "to" বাদ দিতে হবে এবং বাক্যটির পূর্বের অংশটিকে Imperative Sentence (আদেশমূলক বাক্য) হিসেবে রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
- এরপর "and (you will)" বসিয়ে বাক্যের দ্বিতীয় অংশটি যুক্ত করতে হবে।

• Examples:
Simple: Do it in order to get money.
Compound: Do it and (you will) get money.

Simple: Study hard in order to pass the exam.
Compound: Study hard and (you will) pass the exam.

Simple: You must work hard in order to succeed.
Compound: Work hard and you will succeed.

Other options:
ক) She studies and get a scholarship.
- “get” verb ফর্ম ভুল।
- তাই grammatical ভুল।

খ) Study and she gets a scholarship.
- “Study” imperative রূপ, যা বাক্যের প্রথম অংশের অর্থের সাথে মানানসই নয়।
- বাক্য অসম্পূর্ণ বা অর্থবোধক নয়।

ঘ) She studied and she get a scholarship.
- “get” verb ফর্ম ভুল।
- “she” তে “get” নয়, “gets” হবে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৫৪.
Having written the letter, she posted it. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    She had written the letter after posted it.
  2. খ
    She had written the letter and then posted it.
  3. গ
    She wrote the letter so that she posted it.
  4. ঘ
    She had written the letter and posted it.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had written the letter and posted it.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had written the letter and posted it.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Simple: Having written the letter, she posted it.
- Compound: She wrote the letter and posted it.

• Perfect Participle যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject বসে,
- Perfect Participle এর past Perfect form বসে,
- and বসে,
- বাকী অংশ বসে।

• More examples:
- Simple: Having locked the door, she left for work.
- Compound: She had locked the door and left for work.

- Simple: Having forgotten him, I went out.
- Compound: I had forgotten him and went out.
২৫৫.
Transform the following complex sentence into a compound sentence:
Although the task was difficult, he completed it on time.
  1. ক
    The task was difficult, but he completed it on time.
  2. খ
    The task was difficult, so he completed it on time.
  3. গ
    The task was difficult, and he completed it on time.
  4. ঘ
    The task was difficult, therefore he completed it on time.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
The task was difficult, but he completed it on time.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
The task was difficult, but he completed it on time.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
Answer: (ক) The task was difficult, but he completed it on time.

→ Complex sentence-এ একটি subordinate clause এবং একটি main clause থাকে। "Although" (যদিও) দিয়ে বিপরীত সম্পর্ক বোঝানো হয়। Compound sentence-এ দুটি independent clause যুক্ত করা হয়, যেখানে contrasting relationship থাকে। তাই দুই clause-এর মাঝে "but" বা "yet" যুক্ত হয়।

→ অর্থাৎ যদি Complex Sentence-টি "though" বা "although" দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তাহলে Compound Sentence-এ রূপান্তর করার সময়:
- "Though" বা "Although" বাদ যাবে।
- দুই clause-এর মাঝে "but" বা "yet" যুক্ত হবে।
- Main clause অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।

→ Subordinate Clause (অধীন clause): Although the task was difficult. Main Clause (প্রধান clause): he completed it on time.
→ Transformation Rule অনুসারে Complex: Although the task was difficult, he completed it on time.
Compound: The task was difficult, but he completed it on time.
Compound: The task was difficult, yet he completed it on time.

Other Options:
খ) The task was difficult, so he completed it on time.
"So" ব্যবহার করা ভুল, কারণ এটি কারণ ও ফলাফল বোঝায়, বিপরীত ধারণা নয়।

গ) The task was difficult, and he completed it on time.
"And" ব্যবহার করা ভুল, কারণ এটি শুধু দুটি clause যুক্ত করে, বিপরীত ধারণা প্রকাশ করে না।

ঘ) The task was difficult, therefore he completed it on time.
"Therefore" ব্যবহার করা ভুল, কারণ এটি কারণ ও ফলাফল বোঝায়, বিপরীত ধারণা নয়।
২৫৬.
If you don’t apologize, we won’t forgive you. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    Unless you don’t apologize or we won’t forgive you.
  2. খ
    Unless you apologize and we won’t forgive you.
  3. গ
    Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
  4. ঘ
    Apologize or otherwise we won’t forgive you.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Apologize or we won’t forgive you.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

- Complex: If you don’t apologize, we won’t forgive you.
- Compound: Apologize or we won’t forgive you.

• Complex Sentence-এর একটি clause যদি if you দ্বারা গঠিত হয় বা if clause হয় তাহলে নিম্নরূপে তাকে compound-এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হয়:
- Complex sentence-টি affirmative বা হ্যাঁ-বোধক হয় তাহলে if you তুলে দিয়ে verb-এর পরে and বসাতে হয়।
- Complex sentence-টি negative বা না-বোধক হয় তাহলে if you do not তুলে দিয়ে verb-এর শেষে or বসাতে হয়।
- If যুক্ত Clause- Affirmative বা Negative যাই হোক না কেন, If যুক্ত Clause টি Affirmative Imperative হয়ে বসে।

 More examples:
- Complex: If you don't confirm your attendance, they will cancel the event. 
- Compound: Confirm your attendance or they will cancel the event

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

২৫৭.
Change to compound: "Unless you work hard, you will fail."
  1. ক
    Work hard and you will fail.
  2. খ
    Work hard or you will fail.
  3. গ
    You will fail because you work hard.
  4. ঘ
    You work hard so you fail.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Work hard or you will fail.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Work hard or you will fail.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: খ) Work hard or you will fail.

- মূল বাক্য Unless you work hard, you will fail একটি complex sentence যেখানে "Unless" শর্ত প্রকাশ করছে (if…not).
- Compound sentence করতে হলে দুটি independent clause coordinating conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত করতে হবে।
- খ অপশনে Work hard এবং you will fail — দুটোই স্বাধীন clause এবং "or" দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়ে শর্তের বিপরীত অর্থ প্রকাশ করছে।
- এখানে "or" দিয়ে বোঝানো হয়েছে—কাজ না করলে ব্যর্থতা আসবেই।
- তাই খ অপশনটি অর্থ ও structure উভয় দিক থেকে সঠিক compound transformation.

Other options:
ক) Work hard and you will fail. 
- "and" দ্বারা অর্থ উল্টো হয়ে গেছে , এতে বোঝাচ্ছে কাজ করলেও ব্যর্থ হবে, যা মূল অর্থের বিপরীত।

গ) You will fail because you work hard. 
- এটি complex sentence, compound নয়; উপরন্তু কারণও মূল বাক্যের বিপরীত হয়ে গেছে।

ঘ) You work hard so you fail. 
- "so" দিয়ে কারণ-ফল বোঝানো হয়েছে, কিন্তু অর্থ উল্টো হয়ে গেছে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৫৮.
Being late, she missed the bus. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    She was late yet missed the bus. 
  2. খ
    She was being late so she missed the bus. 
  3. গ
    She was late, and she missed the bus.
  4. ঘ
    Because she was late so that she missed the bus.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She was late, and she missed the bus.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She was late, and she missed the bus.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Simple: Being late, she missed the bus.
- Compound: She was late, and she missed the bus.

• Simple Sentence থেকে Compound Sentence:
- যদি Simple sentence-এ Present Participle Phrase (Verb + ing) ব্যবহার করে কারণ (Reason) বোঝানো হয়, তাহলে Compound sentence-এ রূপান্তর করার সময়
- Present Participle Phrase (Verb + ing)-কে Independent Clause-এ রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
- দুটি Independent Clause যুক্ত করতে and বা so ব্যবহার করতে হবে।

- অর্থাৎ যদি Simple Sentence-এ কোনো ব্যক্তির কাজ করার কারণ এবং তার ফলাফল উল্লেখ থাকে, তবে Compound Sentence-এ প্রথমে কারণ উল্লেখ করা হয় এবং তারপর ফলাফল-কে conjunction "and" দিয়ে যুক্ত করা হয়।

- সুতরাং Transformation Rule অনুসারে সঠিক Compound Sentence টি হবে: She was late, and she missed the bus. 

• More examples:
- Simple: Feeling tired, he went to bed early.
- Compound: He was feeling tired, so he went to bed early.
২৫৯.
Change the following sentence into a compound sentence:
As the sun began to set, the temperature dropped significantly.
  1. ক
    The sun began to set, the temperature dropped significantly.
  2. খ
    The temperature dropped significantly when the sun began to set.
  3. গ
    The sun began to set and the temperature dropped significantly.
  4. ঘ
    The sun begin to set, and as a result, the temperature dropped significantly.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The sun began to set and the temperature dropped significantly.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The sun began to set and the temperature dropped significantly.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা

Complex to Compound: 
• Complex sentence এর একটি clause এর আগে যদি as থাকলে Compound sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম: 
- As তুলে দিতে হবে + 
- As এর পরবর্তী clause টি লিখতে হবে + 
- and বসবে + 
- শেষে অপর clause- টি বসবে।

Examples: 
Complex: As I climbed up the hill, I saw many interesting sights.
Compound: I climbed up the hill and I saw many interesting sights.

Complex: As he was ill, he could not attend the meeting. 
Compound: He was ill and he could not attend the meeting.

তাই, সঠিক উত্তর: The sun began to set and the temperature dropped significantly.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain. 

২৬০.
"She studied diligently for the exam, therefore, she earned a high grade." This is a-
  1. ক
    Complex Sentence
  2. খ
    Compound Sentence
  3. গ
    Simple Sentence
  4. ঘ
    Exclamatory Sentence
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Compound Sentence
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Compound Sentence
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• "She studied diligently for the exam, therefore, she earned a high grade."
→ This is a- Compound Sentence.
→ বাক্যটিতে 'therefore' Coordinating Conjunction রয়েছে এবং দুইটি Prinipal Sentence কে 'therefore' Coordinating Conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত করা হয়েছে। তাই, বাক্যটি একটি Compound Sentence.

Compound Sentence:
- যে বাক্যে একাধিক Principal Clause 'Coordinating Conjunction' দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকে তাকে Compound Sentence বলে।
Compound Sentence গঠনের শর্ত হচ্ছে-
- বাক্যে একের অধিক Principal Clause থাকবে।
- বাক্যে এক বা একাধিক Coordinating Conjunction থাকবে।

- and, or, but, both, fewer than, neither, and, not only.... but also, no less than, neither... nor, either... or, otherwise, still, yet, else, nevertheless, on the contrary, while, whereas, only, so, therefore, consequently, for- ইত্যাদি Coordinating Conjunction দ্বারা Compound Sentence গঠিত হয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain.
২৬১.
He prepares well so that he can get the desired job. (Make it compound).
  1. ক
    He prepares well to get the desired job.
  2. খ
    He wants to get the desired job and prepares well.
  3. গ
    He wants to prepare well to get the job.
  4. ঘ
    He prepares for a good jon.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He wants to get the desired job and prepares well.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
He wants to get the desired job and prepares well.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
Correct Answer: খ) He wants to get the desired job and prepares well.

• "He prepares well so that he can get the desired job."
- এটি একটি Complex sentence, কারণ "so that" ব্যবহার করে উদ্দেশ্য বোঝানো হয়েছে।

- Compound sentence করতে হলে দুটি স্বাধীন clause থাকতে হবে এবং সেগুলো coordinating conjunction (যেমন "and") দিয়ে যুক্ত হতে হবে।

- "He wants to get the desired job and prepares well."
→ এটি দুটি স্বাধীন বাক্যাংশকে "and" দিয়ে যুক্ত করেছে, তাই এটি একটি Compound sentence.

Other options:

ক) "He prepares well to get the desired job." 
- Simple sentence (infinitive phrase).

গ) "He wants to prepare well to get the job." 
- এটি একটি মাত্র finite verb (wants) দ্বারা গঠিত, এবং বাকিরা infinitive phrases, তাই এটি Simple.

ঘ) "He prepares for a good job." 
- অর্থ সঠিক নয় প্রদত্ত বাক্যের সাথে যায় না এবং Simple sentence.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
২৬২.
He was so excited that he forgot to bring his moneybag. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) He was so excited and forgot to bring his moneybag.
  2. খ
    খ) He was very excited and forgot to bring his moneybag.
  3. গ
    গ) He was excited enough and forgot to bring his moneybag.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He was too excited and forgot to bring his moneybag.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was very excited and forgot to bring his moneybag.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was very excited and forgot to bring his moneybag.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
Complex Sentence এ ‍so ..... that থাকলে Compound Sentence এ very ...... and বসে। এ হিসেবে (খ) সঠিক। 
২৬৩.
He worked hard so that he could succeed. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    He worked hard and he could succeed.
  2. খ
    He worked hard and he succeeded.
  3. গ
    He worked hard in order to succeed.
  4. ঘ
    He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
So that যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound করার নিয়ম-
subject + wanted + to + মূল verb + --- + and/so/and so + subject + could উঠে গিয়ে মূল verb এর past form হবে।
সে অনুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে - He wanted to succeed and so he worked hard.
২৬৪.
We plan carefully to avoid mistakes. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    We want to avoid mistakes so therefore we plan carefully
  2. খ
    We plan carefully so we avoid mistakes.
  3. গ
    We want to avoid mistakes and so we plan carefully.
  4. ঘ
    We plan carefully so that we may avoid mistakes.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
We want to avoid mistakes and so we plan carefully.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
We want to avoid mistakes and so we plan carefully.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করতে তিনটি কাজ করতে হয় -
- যথা-
(1) Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
(2) ‘want to’ অতিরিক্ত যোগ হবে।
(3) ‘and so/ therefore’ Conjunction যোগ হবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে - We want to avoid mistakes and so we plan carefully.

• অন্যদিকে, 
• Simple Sentence এ 'in order to' থাকলে Complex Sentence এ রূপান্তর করার সময় -
- In order to এর স্থলে In order that অথবা So that বসবে +  এরপর noun phrase + may/might বসবে। 
- যেমন: We plan carefully so that we may avoid mistakes.
২৬৫.
She works hard in order to succeed in life. (Compound)
  1. ক
    She worked hard so that she could succeed in life.
  2. খ
    She worked hard and succeeded in life.
  3. গ
    She works hard and be successful in life.
  4. ঘ
    She wants to succeed in life and so she works hard.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She wants to succeed in life and so she works hard.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She wants to succeed in life and so she works hard.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ Simple to compound এর সময়,

• to/in order to দ্বারা গঠিত বাক্যকে Simple to compound করার নিয়ম : 

• এ ধরনের বাক্যে Compound Sentence এ ৩টি কাজ করতে হয়। যথা -

1. Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
2. Want to অতিরিক্ত যোগ করতে হবে।
3. to/in order to এর পরিবর্তে ‘And so/ therefore’ conjunction যোগ হবে।

Simple: She works hard in order to succeed in life.
Compound: She wants to succeed in life and so she works hard.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
২৬৬.
Tutul was too weak to hike. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    Tutul was so weak and could not hike.
  2. খ
    Tutul was very weak and can not hike.
  3. গ
    Tutul was very weak and could not hike.
  4. ঘ
    Tutul was very weak that could not hike.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Tutul was very weak and could not hike.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Tutul was very weak and could not hike.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Simple sentence: Tutul was too weak to hike.
- Compound sentence: Tutul was very weak and could not hike.

• Too + to যুক্ত Simple sentence কে Compound sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Subject + verb বসবে,
- প্রথমে Too এর পরিবর্তে very বসবে এবং to এর পরিবর্তে and বসবে,
- tense অনুযায়ী cannot/could not বসে,
- to এর পরের অংশ।

• More examples:
- Complex: He is too young to understand the problem.
- Compound: He is very young and cannot understand the problem.
২৬৭.
Having prepared the meal, she set the table. (Compound Sentence)
  1. ক
    She had prepared the meal and sat the table.
  2. খ
    She had prepare the meal and set the table.
  3. গ
    She had prepared the meal but set the table.
  4. ঘ
    She had prepared the meal and set the table.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had prepared the meal and set the table.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She had prepared the meal and set the table.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Perfect Participle যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject বসে,
- Perfect Participle এর past Perfect form বসে,
- and বসে,
- বাকী অংশ বসে।

Simple: Having forgotten him, I went out.
Compound: I had forgotten him and went out.

Simple Sentence: Having prepared the meal, she set the table.
Compound Sentence: She had prepared the meal and set the table.

- প্রথমে Subject বসেছে।
- এ বাক্যে Perfect Participle হচ্ছে - Having prepared.
- যার past Perfect form হচ্ছে - had prepared.
- এরপর গঠন অনুযায়ী বাক্যের বাকী অংশ বসে।

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৬৮.
Stay strong or break down. (Make it simple)
  1. ক
    By staying strong, you will break down.
  2. খ
    Without staying strong, you will break down.
  3. গ
    Without staying strong, you will not break down.
  4. ঘ
    Staying strong, you will break down.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Without staying strong, you will break down.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Without staying strong, you will break down.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
Simple Sentence: Stay strong or break down.
Compound Sentence: Without staying, you will break down.

Or যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে Simple করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Without বসে + প্রথম বাক্যের মূল verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয় + verb এর পরের অংশ বসে (যদি থাকে) + or এর পরিবর্তে (,) বসে + দ্বিতীয় বাক্য/বাক্যাংশ বসে। 
- এখানে দ্বিতীয় বাক্যে শুধু 'break down' আছে বিধায় এটি future tense এ হবে। 

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৬৯.
Change the sentence into compound: 'To his eternal disgrace, he betrayed his country'.
  1. ক
    ক) He disgrace eternally and he betrayed his country.
  2. খ
    খ) He betrayed his country and this was to his eternal disgrace.
  3. গ
    গ) He betrayed his country and it was his eternal disgrace.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) It was eternal disgrace and he betrayed his country.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He betrayed his country and this was to his eternal disgrace.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He betrayed his country and this was to his eternal disgrace.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা

To his eternal disgrace, he betrayed his country.
বাংলা অর্থ - সে তার দেশের সাথে বিশ্বাসঘাতকতা করেছে, এটা তার জন্য চরম লজ্জার।
এর compound form হবে - He betrayed his country and this was to his eternal disgrace.
তার জন্য চরম লজ্জার বুঝাতে to হবে। নিচের phrase গুলো লক্ষ করলে দেখবেন যে possesiveness বুঝাতে eternal এর পূর্বের pronoun এর পূর্বে to ব্যবহার করা হচ্ছে। 
- to my eternal frustration, to our own eternal conflicts


source: longman dictionary of contemporary english and cambridge dictionary
২৭০.
Unless you work hard, you will not achieve your goals. (Make it Compound Sentence)
  1. ক
    Work hard or you will not achieve your goals.
  2. খ
    You work hard and will achieve your goals.
  3. গ
    Work hard any you will not achieve your goals.
  4. ঘ
    Without working hard and you will not achieve your goals.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Work hard or you will not achieve your goals.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Work hard or you will not achieve your goals.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা

Complex: Unless you work hard, you will not achieve your goals.
Compound: Work hard or you will not achieve your goals.

- Complex sentence এর শুরুতে "Unless” ও এর পরে second person (you) থাকলে, Compound sentence- এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- Unless ও you উঠে যাবে + দুই clause এর মাঝে "or" বসে।

• তাই, সঠিক উত্তরটি হবে: Work hard or you will not achieve your goals.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭১.
She studies hard to pass the exam. [Compound]
  1. ক
    She wants to pass the exam and therefore so she studies hard.
  2. খ
    She wants to pass the exam so therefore she studies hard.
  3. গ
    She wants to pass the exam so she studies hard.
  4. ঘ
    She wants to pass the exam and so she studies hard.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She wants to pass the exam and so she studies hard.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She wants to pass the exam and so she studies hard.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করতে তিনটি কাজ করতে হয় -
- যথা-
(1) Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
(2) ‘want to’ অতিরিক্ত যোগ হবে।
(3) ‘and so/ therefore’ Conjunction যোগ হবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে -
 
Simple: They left early to avoid traffic.
Compound: They wanted to avoid traffic and so they left early.

Simple: She studies hard to pass the exam.
Compound: She wants to pass the exam and so she studies hard.
২৭২.
‘He had many acquaintances but few really close friends.’ This is an example of-
  1. ক
    ক) Optative sentence
  2. খ
    খ) Simple sentence
  3. গ
    গ) Complex sentence
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Compound sentence
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Compound sentence
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) Compound sentence
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
And, or, but, else, otherwise দ্বারা যদি দুটি principal clause যুক্ত হয় তবে সেটি একটি compound sentence।
২৭৩.
Select the right compound structure of the sentence: "Although he is very strong and brave, he does not scrap with anyone."
  1. ক
    ক) He is very strong and brave and he does not scrap with anyone.
  2. খ
    খ) He is very strong and brave, he does not scrap with anyone.
  3. গ
    গ) He is very strong and brave but he does not scrap with anyone.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Since he is very strong and brave, he does not scrap with anyone.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) He is very strong and brave but he does not scrap with anyone.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) He is very strong and brave but he does not scrap with anyone.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
- Though/Although যুক্ত complex sentence কে compound sentence- এ পরিবর্তন করতে but/yet coordinate marker ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- অর্থাৎ দুইটা sentence- এর অর্থ যদি পরস্পর বিপরীত হয় তাহলে but/yet দ্বারা compound sentence করতে হয়।

উদাহরণ:
• Complex: Although he is very strong and brave, he does not scrap with anyone.
- Compound: He is very strong and brave but he does not scrap with anyone.
• Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
- Compound: He is poor but honest.
• Complex: Though he is rich, he is unhappy
- Compound: He is rich but unhappy.
২৭৪.
Which of the following is a compound sentence?
  1. ক
    She studied hard to pass the test.
  2. খ
    She studied hard but failed the test.
  3. গ
    If she studies hard, she will pass.
  4. ঘ
    Although she studied hard, she failed the test.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She studied hard but failed the test.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
She studied hard but failed the test.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Compound sentence:
- A compound sentence is a sentence that connects two independent clauses, typically with a coordinating conjunction like and or but.
- They're best for combining two or more self-sufficient and related sentences into a single, unified one.
- Compound sentence এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়।

• অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else, both and, either --- or, neither  nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি co-ordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।

• সুতরাং, অপশনে উল্লিখিত বাক্যগুলোর মধ্যে-
- অপশন খ)- She studied hard but failed the test হচ্ছে Compound Sentence.
- অপশন ক) হচ্ছে Simple Sentence এবং অপশন গ) এবং ঘ) হচ্ছে Complex sentence.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৭৫.
The more she worked, _______.
  1. ক
    ক) the less she achieved
  2. খ
    খ) she achieved not enough
  3. গ
    গ) she did not achieved enough
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) she was achieving less
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) the less she achieved
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) the less she achieved
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
এটি একটি double comparative. সঠিক form-টি হলো the more ------ the less. সুতরাং সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে - The more she worked, the less she achieved।
২৭৬.
There's somebody walking behind us. I think _____.
  1. ক
    ক) we are following
  2. খ
    খ) we are being following
  3. গ
    গ) we are followed
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) we are being followed
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) we are being followed
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
ঘ) we are being followed
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
Present continuous-এর passive pattern অনুযায়ী be verb + being + v3 বসেছে। সুতরাং সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে - There's somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed।
২৭৭.
The old man was punished as he killed the bird.
  1. ক
    ক) The old man killed the bird and was punished.
  2. খ
    খ) The old man was punished and killed the bird.
  3. গ
    গ) The old man was killed the bird and was punished.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) The old man killed the bird but he was punished.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) The old man killed the bird and was punished.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) The old man killed the bird and was punished.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
“কারণ ও ফলাফল” কাজের ধারাবাহিকতা অনুযায়ী Clause গুলো বসবে এবং Conjunction হিসেবে and বসবে।
২৭৮.
He woke up and it was raining. (Make it simple)
  1. ক
    ক) As soon as he woke up it was raining.
  2. খ
    খ) At the time of his waking up it was raining.
  3. গ
    গ) Just after his waking up it was raining.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) It started raining as soon as he woke up.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) At the time of his waking up it was raining.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) At the time of his waking up it was raining.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• ভিন্ন ভিন্ন Subject এবং And দ্বারা যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে simple sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম -
- At the time of + possessive + verb + ing …., Sub + বাকি clause টি।
- অথবা Sub+ having/ being +….. Sub + বাকি clause টি।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - At the time of his waking up it was raining.
২৭৯.
'She is absent, for she is sick.' This is an example of -
  1. ক
    Simple Sentence
  2. খ
    Complex Sentence
  3. গ
    Compound Sentence
  4. ঘ
    Optative Sentence
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Compound Sentence
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Compound Sentence
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
♦ Compound Sentence (যৌগিক বাক্য)
• At least দুটি Clauses থাকবে এবং সেই Clause কেই হতে হবে Independent Clauses.
• Co-ordinate Conjunction যেমন and, or, but, for, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else ইত্যাদি দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকে।
যেমন-
• Work hard and you can prosper in life.
• Do or die.
• She is absent, for she is sick.
• Do the work, else I will punish you.
• She is absent, for she is sick.

- for অর্থ এখানে 'কারণ'।
- for একটি Co-ordinate Conjunction,
- আর Co- ordinate Conjunction দিয়ে যখন দুটি Clause যুক্ত হয় তখন তাকে বলা হয় Compound Sentence.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৮০.
Identify the Complex Sentence:
  1. ক
    He is both smart and kind.
  2. খ
    If he helps us, we shall win.
  3. গ
    I woke up early yet I was still late for work.
  4. ঘ
    None of above
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
If he helps us, we shall win.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
If he helps us, we shall win.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• 'If he helps us, we shall win': Complex Sentence.

• Complex sentence:
- যে sentence এ একটি Principal clause এবং এক বা একাধিক Subordinate clause থাকে, তাকে Complex sentence বলে।
- Complex sentence এর subordinate clause এর শুরুতে সাধারণত if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, who, which, where, how, before, after, whether, while বসে।
যেমন:
- The book that I read last night was interesting.
- Even though she was tired, she stayed up late to finish her project.
- If you finish your work, we can go out for dinner.

অন্যদিকে,
- He is both smart and kind: Compound Sentence.
- I woke up early yet I was still late for work: Compound Sentence.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain.
২৮১.
Since they moved to the city, they made many new friends. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    They moved to the city so that made many new friends.
  2. খ
    They moved to the city therefore made many new friends.
  3. গ
    They moved to the city and made many new friends.
  4. ঘ
    They moved to the city in order that made many new friends.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
They moved to the city and made many new friends.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
They moved to the city and made many new friends.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
Complex: Since they moved to the city, they made many new friends.
Compound: They moved to the city and made many new friends.

• Complex to compound:
• Compound Sentence এ কাজের ধারাবাহিকতা অনুযায়ী Clause গুলো বসে।
- সর্বদা প্রথমে কারন এবং পরে ফলাফল আসে।
- Complex sentence এ as/ since/ because ইত্যাদি থাকলে
- প্রথমে as/ since/ because উঠে যায় এবং subject বসে,
- দুই clause এর মাঝখানে and/ and so বসে।
- Comma (,) উঠে যায়
- Subject একই হলে ২য় Clause এ Subject এর প্রয়োজন নেই।
২৮২.
If you do not move, you will die. (make it compound)
  1. ক
    Move or you will die.
  2. খ
    Move and you will die.
  3. গ
    Move but you will die.
  4. ঘ
    Without moving you will die.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Move or you will die.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Move or you will die.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• If যুক্ত Complex sentence টি যদি Negative অর্থবোধক হয়, তবে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- If থেকে not পর্যন্ত উঠে যাবে।
- not এরপর থেকে কমার আগ পর্যন্ত বাকি অংশটি বসে।
- or বসে।
- বাকি Clause টি বসে।

• Complex Sentence: If you do not move, you will die.
• Compound Sentence: Move or you will die.

• Note:
- তবে sentence টি যদি Affirmative Sentence হয় তাহলে or এর পরিবর্তে and বসে।
- বাকি সব উপরের rule এর মতোই ঠিক থাকবে।

• Complex Sentence: If you run fast, you can win the prize.
• Compound Sentence: Run fast and you can win the prize.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৮৩.
She is too young to drive a car. (Compound sentence)
  1. ক
    She is very young and so that cannot drive a car.
  2. খ
    She is very young and canot drive a car.
  3. গ
    She is very young and that cannot drive a car.
  4. ঘ
    She is very young and cannot drive a car.
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She is very young and cannot drive a car.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ
She is very young and cannot drive a car.
ঘ
ব্যাখ্যা
Simple sentence: She is too young to drive a car.
Compound sentence: She is very young and cannot drive a car.

• প্রদত্ত sentence টি simple sentence এ আছে।
- Too + to যুক্ত Simple sentence কে Compound sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Too এর পরিবর্তে very বসবে,
- to এর পরিবর্তে and বসবে,
- tense অনুযায়ী cannot/could not বসে,
- to এর পরের অংশ।

• More Example: 
Simple sentence: He is too busy to attend the meeting.
Compound sentence: He is very busy and cannot attend the meeting.
২৮৪.
Being guilty he ran away. (Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) He ran away but was guilty
  2. খ
    খ) He was guilty and he ran away
  3. গ
    গ) He was guilty and he run away
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He is guilty and he ran away
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was guilty and he ran away
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) He was guilty and he ran away
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
যদি simple sentence এ একজন person এর কোন কাজ করার কারণ বলা হয়, তবে compound sentence এ প্রথমে কারণ উল্লেখ করে result বা ফলাফলকে conjunction “and” দিয়ে যুক্ত করা হয়। সুতরাং সঠিক বাক্যটি হবে - He was guilty and he ran away।
২৮৫.
You can visit the whole world with much ease in case you learn English properly. (make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) When you learn English properly and then you can visit the whole world with much ease.
  2. খ
    খ) You can visit the whole world with much ease but you have to learn English properly.
  3. গ
    গ) Learn English properly and you can visit the whole world with much ease.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) You can visit the whole world with much ease and you should learn English properly.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Learn English properly and you can visit the whole world with much ease.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Learn English properly and you can visit the whole world with much ease.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
If/ In case যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound করতে হলে If/ In case যুক্ত Clause কে Imperative Sentence এর গঠনে বাক্যের শুরুতে বসাতে হয়।
অন্য Clause- If Clause এর ফলাফল হলে মাঝখানে and বসবে। তাই এখানে সঠিক উত্তর (গ)।
২৮৬.
Going market I purchased a pen. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) I went to market and purchased a pen.
  2. খ
    খ) I went to market to purchase a pen.
  3. গ
    গ) On going to market, I purchased a pen.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) For purchasing a pen, I went to market.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) I went to market and purchased a pen.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
ক) I went to market and purchased a pen.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
I went to market and purchased a pen. 
বাংলা অনুবাদ- আমি বাজারে গিয়েছিলাম এবং একটি কলম ক্রয় করেছি। 

Simple sentence এ যদি শুরুতে verb+ing থাকে, তাহলে compound sentence করতে হলে সেই অংশটিকে একটি clause এ পরিণত করতে হবে। 

যে Sentence-এ দুই বা তার অধিক Principal Clause থাকে, তাকে Compound Sentence বলে। A Compound Sentence is one which has two or more Principal Clauses.

Compound Sentence-এর clause গুলি সাধারণত: and, or, but, for, so, therefore, then, yet, ‍nor  প্রভৃতি coordinating conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকে।

Reference: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain
২৮৭.
Having cleaned the room, Saif went to the market. (Make it a compound sentence)
  1. ক
    Saif had cleaned the room before went to the market.
  2. খ
    Saif had cleaned the room and went to the market.
  3. গ
    Saif had cleaned the room and than went to the market.
  4. ঘ
    Saif had cleaned the room so went to the market.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Saif had cleaned the room and went to the market.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
Saif had cleaned the room and went to the market.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা

• Simple: Having cleaned the room, Saif went to the market.
• Compound: Saif had cleaned the room and went to the market.

• Perfect Participle যুক্ত Simple Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject বসে,
- Perfect participle -এর past perfect form বসে,
- and বসে,
- বাকি অংশ বসে।

• More examples:
- Simple: Having forgotten him, I went out.
- Compound: I had forgotten him and went out.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.

২৮৮.
She joined the course to learn new skills. (Compound)
  1. ক
    She wanted to learn new skills and so she joined the course.
  2. খ
    She wanted to learn new skills and so therefore she joined the course.
  3. গ
    She wanted to learn new skills and therefore so she joined the course.
  4. ঘ
    She wanted to learn new skills and that she joined the course.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She wanted to learn new skills and so she joined the course.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She wanted to learn new skills and so she joined the course.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound Sentence এ পরিণত করতে তিনটি কাজ করতে হয় -
- যথা-
(1) Clause গুলোর অবস্থান উল্টে যাবে।
(2) ‘want to’ অতিরিক্ত যোগ হবে।
(3) ‘and so/ therefore’ Conjunction যোগ হবে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর হবে -
Simple: He left early to catch the train.
Compound: He wanted to catch the train and so he left early.

Simple: She joined the course to learn new skills.
Compound: She wanted to learn new skills and so she joined the course.
২৮৯.
While he is a good husband, he is a good son. (Make it Compound).
  1. ক
    He has a good wife and a good mother.
  2. খ
    Besides being a good husband, he is a good son.
  3. গ
    He is not only a good husband but also a good son.
  4. ঘ
    He is a good human overall.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
He is not only a good husband but also a good son.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
He is not only a good husband but also a good son.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: গ) He is not only a good husband but also a good son.

- "While he is a good husband, he is a good son." 
- এটি একটি Complex sentence, কারণ এটি "while" দ্বারা যুক্ত, যেখানে একটি অংশ অন্যটির ওপর নির্ভর করে।
- Compound sentence করতে হলে দুইটি স্বাধীন এবং সমান গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Clause একসাথে ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- এবং "not only... but also" ব্যবহার করতে হবে।

গ) "He is not only a good husband but also a good son." 
- এটি একটি Compound sentence, কারণ এখানে দুটি গুণ একসাথে সমানভাবে তুলে ধরা হয়েছে
- এবং "not only... but also" ব্যবহার করে যুক্ত করা হয়েছে।

Other options:
ক) He has a good wife and a good mother. 
- বিষয়বস্তু সম্পূর্ণ ভিন্ন, প্রশ্নের সঙ্গে অসংগত।

খ) Besides being a good husband, he is a good son.
- এটি simple beside+ verb + ing , present participle রূপে ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে।

ঘ) He is a good human overall.
- Generalized meaning, মূল বাক্যের সাথে অপ্রাসঙ্গিক।

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
২৯০.
We could not go out for a walk as the weather was bad. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    ক) We could not go out for a walk and the weather was bad.
  2. খ
    খ) The weather was bad and we could not go out for a walk.
  3. গ
    গ) We could not go out for a walk because the weather was bad.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) We could not go out for a walk since the weather was bad.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) The weather was bad and we could not go out for a walk.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) The weather was bad and we could not go out for a walk.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
We could not go out for a walk as the weather was bad- এটি একটি Complex Sentence. 
• Complex Sentence-  এর একটি clause- এর আগে as থাকলে তাকে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হলে 'as' তুলে দিয়ে তার পরবর্তী clause টি প্রথমে লিখে তারপর 'and' লিখতে হবে এবং প্রথম clause টি বসিয়ে দিতে হবে। 
• তাই সঠিক উত্তরটি হবে: The weather was bad and we could not go out for a walk. 

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
২৯১.
Identify the compound sentence
  1. ক
    The house that has a red roof is mine.
  2. খ
    After finishing his homework, Tom played video games with his cousins.
  3. গ
    The team practiced hard, yet they lost the match.
  4. ঘ
    In her paintings, the artist captures the resilience of the human spirit.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The team practiced hard, yet they lost the match.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
The team practiced hard, yet they lost the match.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• Compound sentence:
- এ একের অধিক principal clause থাকে যাদেরকে co-ordinate clause বলা হয়।
- অর্থাৎ Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি coordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।
-যেমন:
- The team practiced hard, yet they lost the match.
- The movie was really interesting, but it was quite long.

• অন্যদিকে,
• Simple sentence:
- A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause that expresses a complete thought.
- একটি simple sentence এ শুধুমাত্র একটি clause থাকে অর্থাৎ একটি subject এবং একটি finite verb থাকে,
- যেমন:
- In her paintings, the artist captures the resilience of the human spirit.
- The sun shines brightly in the sky.

• Complex sentence:
- যে sentence এ একটি Principal clause এবং এক বা একাধিক Subordinate clause থাকে, তাকে Complex sentence বলে।
- Complex sentence এর subordinate clause এর শুরুতে সাধারণত if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, who, which, where, how, before, after, whether, while বসে।
যেমন:
- The house that has a red roof is mine.
- After finishing his homework, Tom played video games with his cousins.
- Even though she was tired, she stayed up late to finish her project.
২৯২.
Though we won the game, we could not win the prize. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) As we won the game yet we could not win the prize.
  2. খ
    খ) We won the game but could not win the prize.
  3. গ
    গ) We could not win the prize yet we won the game.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) We could not win the prize but we won the game.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) We won the game but could not win the prize.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
খ) We won the game but could not win the prize.
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
Though we won the game, we could not win the prize- এটি একটি Complex Sentence. 
• Complex Sentence এর একটি clause এর আগে যদি though বা although থাকে তাহলে তাকে compound- এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হলে though/although এর পরবর্তী clause টি আগে লিখে তারপর but লিখতে হবে এবং তারপর though/although এর আগের clause টি লিখতে হবে। 
• এখানে সঠিক উত্তরটি হবে: We won the game but could not win the prize. 

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
২৯৩.
As soon as I reached the class, the bell rang. (Make it Compound)
  1. ক
    I reached the class and when the bell rang.
  2. খ
    I reached the class and at that moment the bell rang.
  3. গ
    I reached the class and at that very moment the bell rang.
  4. ঘ
    I reached the class and than when the bell rang.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
I reached the class and at that very moment the bell rang.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
I reached the class and at that very moment the bell rang.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি complex sentence এ আছে। 
- As soon as যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence পরিণত করার নিয়ম -

- প্রথমেই প্রথম clause টি বসে
- এরপর and + at that very moment বসে (ঠিক ঐ মূহুর্তে অর্থে)
- comma উঠে যায়, 
- এরপর দ্বিতীয় clause টি বসে।
- নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - I reached the class and at that very moment the bell rang.
২৯৪.
If he works hard, he can succeed. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    ক) He works hard and can succeed.
  2. খ
    খ) He works hard and so he can succeed.
  3. গ
    গ) Let him work hard and he can succeed.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) He works hard or he can succeed.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Let him work hard and he can succeed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) Let him work hard and he can succeed.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
1. If থাকলে If clause কে Imperative Sentence এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়। (Subject -you ছাড়া অন্য কিছু হলে Imperative Sentence এর গঠন হচ্ছে : let + Objective form of subject + verb)
2. If clause affirmative হলে and আর negative হলে or বসে।
২৯৫.
Though she studied hard, she didn't pass the exam. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    She studied hard but she didn't pass the exam.
  2. খ
    She studied hard and she don't pass the exam.
  3. গ
    She studied hard and she didn't pass the exam.
  4. ঘ
    She studied hard or she didn't pass the exam.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She studied hard but she didn't pass the exam.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
She studied hard but she didn't pass the exam.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
• Though/ although যুক্ত Complex Sentence কে Compound Sentence এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Though/ although উঠে যায়।
- ১ম Clause টি বসে।
- But বসে।
- ২য় Clause টি বসে।

Complex Sentence: Though she studied hard, she didn't pass the exam.
Compound Sentence: She studied hard but she didn't pass the exam.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৯৬.
Salman has an ardent desire to win the national chess championship. (Make it compound)
  1. ক
    Salman has an ardent desire so is to win the national chess championship.
  2. খ
    Salman has an ardent desire that he would win the national chess championship.
  3. গ
    Salman has an ardent desire and it is to win the national chess championship.
  4. ঘ
    Salman has an ardent desire to win the national chess championship.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Salman has an ardent desire and it is to win the national chess championship.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
Salman has an ardent desire and it is to win the national chess championship.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
• to + verb যদি Object/ Object সদৃশ হয়, তাহলে Compound করার সময় ‍and it is /and it was + to + verb বসে।
- Object সদৃশ বলতে বুঝায়, Noun/ Adjective এর  অন্তর্নিহিত Verb এর Object হওয়া।
- to + verb যদি পূর্বের Verb এর  Object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাহলে to + Verb দিয়ে সার্বিকভাবে যা বুঝাচ্ছে এ রকম একটা Object ব্যবহার করে এর পর and it is/was + to + Verb বসবে। 

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যে, To + Verb টি Desire- Noun এর অন্তর্নিহিত Verb এর Object সদৃশ হয়েছে।
- সে কী আকাঙ্ক্ষা করে – প্রশ্ন করলে উত্তর পাওয়া যায় – সে ন্যাশনাল দাবা চ্যাম্পিয়ন হবার আশা করে।
• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, সঠিক উত্তর -Salman has an ardent desire and it is to win the national chess championship.
২৯৭.
'If you help the poor, you will be blessed.' Choose the correct Compound sentence.
  1. ক
    Help the poor and you will be blessed.
  2. খ
    You do not help the poor, you will be blessed.
  3. গ
    Help the poor or you will be blessed.
  4. ঘ
    Help the poor but you will be blessed.
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Help the poor and you will be blessed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: ক
Help the poor and you will be blessed.
ক
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - ক) Help the poor and you will be blessed.

• Complex sentence থেকে compound sentence করার ক্ষেত্রে:
Complex sentence-এর একটি clause যদি if you-দ্বারা গঠিত হয় বা if-clause হয় তাহলে নিম্নরূপে তাকে compound-এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হয়:
- Complex sentence টি যদি affirmative বা হ্যাঁ-বোধক হয় তাহলে if you clause টা তুলে দিয়ে, বাক্যে verb-এর পরে and ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- Complex sentence-টি যদি না-বোধক বা negative হয় তাহলে if you do not তুলে দিয়ে verb এর শেষে or বসাতে হয়। Examples:
Complex: If you help the poor, you will be blessed.
Compound: Help the poor and you will be blessed.

Complex: If you work hard, you will prosper in life.
Compound: Work hard and you will prosper in life.

Complex: If you study, you will pass.
Compound: Study and you will pass.

Complex: If you eat a balanced diet, you will remain healthy.
Compound: Eat a balanced diet and you will remain healthy.

Complex: If you do not move, you will die.
Compound: Move or you will die.

Source: A Passage To The English Language. S. M. Zakir Hussain.
২৯৮.
Transform the sentence into a Compound sentence:
She practices regularly to improve her skills.
  1. ক
    She practices regularly to improve her skills quickly.
  2. খ
    She practices regularly so that she can improve her skills.
  3. গ
    She wants to improve her skills, and so she practices regularly.
  4. ঘ
    She practices regularly and she improves her skills.
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She wants to improve her skills, and so she practices regularly.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
She wants to improve her skills, and so she practices regularly.
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
Correct Answer: গ) She wants to improve her skills, and so she practices regularly.

• Compound sentence এ দুই বা ততোধিক principal clause বা co-ordinate clause থাকে।
- এছাড়া Compound sentence এ সাধারণত and, or, but, yet, so, therefore, otherwise, else, both --- and , either --- or , neither — nor, not only --- but also ইত্যাদি co-ordinating conjunction দ্বারা দুইটি principal clause যুক্ত থাকে।

• Simple sentence এ to অথবা in order to থাকলে Compound sentence এ and so/ and therefore বসাতে হয়।
- এক্ষেত্রে Clause গুলো উল্টে যাবে এবং প্রথম Clause এ ‘want to’ যোগ হবে।

Simple Sentence: "She practices regularly to improve her skills."

সঠিক Compound Sentence হলো:
"She wants to improve her skills, and so she practices regularly."
অর্থ- "সে তার দক্ষতা উন্নত করতে চায়, এবং তাই সে নিয়মিত অনুশীলন করে।"
২৯৯.
The term 'RSVP' in a letter is used -
  1. ক
    to express gratitude for receiving a letter.
  2. খ
    to require confirmation of an invitation
  3. গ
    to inform the recipient about the event's location.
  4. ঘ
    to specify the date and time of the event.
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
to require confirmation of an invitation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: খ
to require confirmation of an invitation
খ
ব্যাখ্যা
• RSVP is an initialism derived from the French phrase 'Répondez s'il vous plaît,'
- It means ''Please respond'' to require confirmation of an invitation.

• Invitation letter এ প্রায়ই RSVP কথাটি দেখতে পাওয়া যায়।
- এটি একটি French Phrase-এর abbreviation.
- এর অর্থ হলো Please respond / please reply.
- এটি মূলত একটি লিখিত আমন্ত্রণের শেষে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
- এটি ব্যবহারের উদ্দেশ্য হচ্ছে - যাদের আমন্ত্রণ জানানো হয়েছে, তারা আসছে কি আসছে না সে সম্পর্কে যেনো প্রাপক কে অভিহিত করে দেয়া হয়।
৩০০.
The man did the work as my direction. Here 'as' indicates the idiom-
  1. ক
    ক) as regards
  2. খ
    খ) by all means
  3. গ
    গ) according to
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) at random
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) according to
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর: গ
গ) according to
গ
ব্যাখ্যা
according to/in accordance with (sth) - কোনো কিছু অনুসারে।