Neuroanatomy Details

The hypothalamic hypophyseal tract includes bundles of nerve axons that run from supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary.

The most abundant type of cortical neurons are the pyramidal cells. About two thirds of all cortical neurons are pyramidal. Their cell bodies are triangular, with the apex generally directed towards the surface of the cortex.

Middle cerebral artery-
Cortical branches supply entire lateral surface of the hemisphere except the narrow strip supplied by ant cerebral artery. the occipital pole and inferolateral surface of the hemisphere is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery supplies all motor area except the leg area. central branches enter the anterior perforated substance and supply the lentiform and caudate nuclei and the internal capsule.

Explanation- also horizontal cells of Cajal, cells of martinotti.

Astrocyte mainly takes part in formation of blood-brain-barrier

Posterior limb of the internal capsule is supplied by lateral and medial striate arteries. these are end arteries. blockage or hemorrhage of these arteries cause UMN type of paralysis on the opposite side of the body.

Broca’s motor speech area (Broadman area)-44, 45

Reference: BD Chourasia’s human anatomy/7th/vol-4/P-129

The most abundant type of cortical neurons are the pyramidal cells. About two thirds of all cortical neurons are pyramidal. Their cell bodies are triangular, with the apex generally directed towards the surface of the cortex.

Reference-BD Chaurasia’s/7th/vol-4/p-174

*** The term dominant hemisphere refers to the side concerned with the perception and production of language/ speech. According to this concept, the left hemisphere is dominant in over 90 of people.