১.
Which prevents fall of GFR?
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GFR
GFR
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২.
Calculate Renal fraction where CO 5000 ml/min, RBF 1200 ml /min ,RPF 650 ml/min
৩.
The glomerular capillaries cannot filtrate...?
ব্যাখ্যা
The renal artery enters the kidney through the hilum and then branches progressively to form the interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries (also called radial arteries), and afferent arterioles, which lead to the glomerular capillaries, where large amounts of fluid and solutes (except the plasma proteins) are filtered to begin urine formation.
৪.
Which step of urine formation occurs in glomerulus
ব্যাখ্যা
Steps of urine formation
• Glomerular filtration
• Tubular reabsorption
• Tubular secretion.
Among these three processes filtration is the function of the glomerulus. Reabsorption and secretion are the functions of tubular portion of the nephron.
৫.
Importance of plasma clearance:
৬.
The glomerular capillaries cannot filtrate...?
ব্যাখ্যা
The renal artery enters the kidney through the hilum and then branches progressively to form the interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries (also called radial arteries), and afferent arterioles, which lead to the glomerular capillaries, where large amounts of fluid and solutes (except the plasma proteins) are filtered to begin urine formation.
৭.
Highest conductivity occur in
৮.
Which increases GFR?
৯.
Which one is gold standard for measurement of GFR?
ব্যাখ্যা
Following can be taken as a measure of GFR:
1. Inulin clearance
2. Creatinine clearance and
3. Urea clearance
Inulin clearance – the gold standard of physiologists - is not practical or necessary in clinical practice. Clinically creatinine clearance is widely used. Urea clearance is not an accurate measure of GFR
১০.
Renal autoregulation is important to maintain the
ব্যাখ্যা
Renal autoregulation is important to maintain the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Blood flow to kidneys remains normal even when the mean arterial blood pressure vary widely between 60 mm Hg and 180 mmHg. This helps to maintain normal GFR.
১১.
Normal GFR is .... L/day?
ব্যাখ্যা
Normally, GFR is about 180 L/day, and tubular reabsorption is 178.5 L/day, leaving 1.5 L/day of fluid to be excreted in the urine.
১২.
Macula Densa is accocied with following ion
১৩.
Net filtration pressure ___mm Hg
ব্যাখ্যা
10 mmHg net filtration pressure cause filtration in the glomerulus.
১৪.
Which is not a Criteria of a substance, the plasma clearance of which is used for measurement of GFR are
ব্যাখ্যা
Criteria of a substance, the plasma clearance of which is used for measurement of GFR are:
a) Freely filtered (not albumin bound),
b) Neither reabsorbed nor secreted by tubules
c) Not metabolized or produced by kidney
d) Non toxic
a) Freely filtered (not albumin bound),
b) Neither reabsorbed nor secreted by tubules
c) Not metabolized or produced by kidney
d) Non toxic
১৫.
Autoregulation range of RBF is
১৬.
Glomerular colloid osmotic pressure (mmHg)
১৭.
Substances that freely filtered but not reabsorbed by the kidney -
ব্যাখ্যা
That is why inulin clearance is used for measurement of GFR.
১৮.
Renin is secreted from
ব্যাখ্যা
JG cells secrets renin.
১৯.
Clearance value of inulin
২০.
Which is not a part of JG apparatus?
ব্যাখ্যা
Juxtaglomerular apparatus is formed by three different structures
• Macula densa
• Extraglomerular mesangial cells
• Juxtaglomerular cells
২১.
Net filtration pressure in glomerulas (mmHg)
২২.
Clearance rate is maximum for