Receptors

Sweet-tasting compounds are detected by a combination of two closely related G-protein-coupled taste receptors, T1R2 and T1R3.
The receptors responsible for umami taste is believed to be a complex of T1R1 and T1R3 proteins. Thus, T1R3 appears to function as a co- receptor for sweet and umami tastes.
Bitter taste is sensed by another family (T2R) of approximately 30 different G-protein coupled receptors. Individual bitter-sensing taste receptor cells express multiple T2Rs, each of which recognizes a unique set of bitter compounds.
Sour taste, associated with acidic food or drink, is believed to be sensed by ion channels that are opened by hydrogen ions although the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that an acid- sensitive potassium channel (KIR2.1) and a hydrogen ion-selective ion channel (otopetrin 1) may mediate acid responses in taste receptor cells

Explanation : Center for taste sensation is in opercular insular cortex, i.e. in the lower part of postcentral gyrus, which receives cutaneous sensations from face. Thus, the taste fibers do not have an independent cortical projection.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Page- 1025)

Receptors for Taste sensation (Taste bud) is chemoreceptors.

[Ganong 24th p-115]

Explanation : Pressure sensation,pain sensation,temparature sensation with wider range (below 25 degree celcius & above 40 degree celcius) are protopathic sensation. Epicritic sensations are: i. Fine touch or tactile sensation, ii. Tactile localization, iii. Tactile discrimination, iv. Temperature sensation with finer range between 25°C and 40°C.Visceral,vibratory & kinesthetic sensations are deep sensations.
Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Figure- 144.1)

Examples of Mechanoreceptors
Tactile receptors
1.Merkel cells- Specialised cells present in the epidermis, sense light touch and softness.
2. Meissner corpuscles- An encapsulated nerve ending, present at the upper part of the dermis. They can sense light touch and vibrations.
3. Ruffini endings- These are also encapsulated, present in the dermis. They sense heavy and continuous pressure.
4.Pacinian corpuscles- They are encapsulated by connective tissue, located deep in the dermis of the skin. They respond to deep pressure.

Propioreceptors
These receptors sense body movement and position and help in maintaining the posture. It is required for locomotion and motor skills.
1.Muscle spindles- sense muscular movement.
2.Golgi tendons- sense tension in the tendons during muscle contractions.
3.Joint receptors- sense movement in the ligaments.

Explanation :

Ref : Sembulingam 6th edition (Figure-139.2)

• ২০২৬ সালের বর্ষপণ্য : 
- পেপার ও প্যাকেজিংকে চলতি বছরের বর্ষপণ্য ঘোষণা করে ৩০তম ঢাকা আন্তর্জাতিক বাণিজ্য মেলার (ডিআইটিএফ) উদ্বোধন করা হয়েছে।
- 'পেপার ও প্যাকেজিং প্রডাক্টকে ২০২৬ সালের বর্ষপণ্য হিসেবে ঘোষণা করেন বাণিজ্য উপদেষ্টা শেখ বশিরউদ্দীন।
- বর্ষপণ্য ঘোষণার ফলে পেপার প্যাকেজিং শিল্পে নতুন বিনিয়োগ, আধুনিক প্রযুক্তির ব্যবহার, কর্মসংস্থান বৃদ্ধি এবং রফতানি আয় উল্লেখযোগ্যভাবে বাড়বে। 

উল্লেখ্য, 
- ২০২৫ সালের 'বর্ষপণ্য' ছিলো আসবাবপত্র বা ফার্নিচার। 

তথ্যসূত্র: বনিক বার্তা ও বাসস। (Link1) (Link2)

Proprioceptive sensations include
•       Position sensations
•       Pressure sensation from the bottom of the foot
•       Sensation of equilibrium
•       Tendon & muscle sensation