Organ-Specific Pathology

CCF causes tender hepatomegaly

Features of consolidation -
Crepitation
Bronchial breath sound

Explanation :
Crohns disease -
Bowel region : Ileum + colon
Distribution : Skip lesion
Stricture present
Transmural inflammation 
Lymphoid reaction : Marked

Explanation -
Lower urinary tract symptoms :
Dysuria,Frequency, Urgency 
Impaired urinary flow,Hesitency,Dribbling of urine,Incomplete emptying of bladder
Urinary retention
Incontinence

Explanation -
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the conducting airways,usually caused by immunological reaction,is marked by episodic bronchoconstriction. 
Menifested by recurrent episodes of wheezing,breathlessness,chest tightness,Cough

Explanation: Chronic bronchitis is defined as persistent productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.

Explanation -
Alarming features of IBS -
Age >50 years,Male gender
Wright loss
Nocturnal symptoms 
Family history of colon carcinoma
Anaemia
Rectal bleeding

Explanation :
Most common bronchogenic carcinoma :
Male - Squamous cell carcinoma
Female - Adenocarcinoma

Explanation :
Causes of cirrhosis of liver -
Chronic viral hepatitis ( B or C) (Most common) 
Alcohol
NAFLD
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Harmochromatosis
Wilson disease
Drugs
Idiopathic

Others are Pathognomonic

Explanation :
Typical feature of nephrotic syndrome -
Generilized oedema
Pitting oedema
Blood pressure : Normal
Proteinuria : 3+/4+ 

Explanation :
Common cause of haemoptysis -
Tuberculosis
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Lung abscess
Bronchiactasis
Pulmonary embolism
LVF
MS
Bleeding disorder

Explanation :
Esophageal causes of hematemesis -
Laceration( Mallory weiss syndrome) 
Esophageal perforation
Varices ( cirrhosis)  most common
Chemical esophagitis
Esophageal ulcer

Membranous segmental glomerulosclerosis is not a primary nephrotic syndrome

Explanation :
Factors associated with PUD -
H.pylori
OCP
Smoking
Alcohol
Drugs - NSAID
Psychological