Pathway of cell death that is induced by a tightly regulated suicide program -
ক
ক) Necrosis
খ
খ) Apoptosis
গ
গ) Necroptosis
ঘ
ঘ) Pyroptosis
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 52]
৩.
Characteristics of apoptosis excludes
ক
ক) Initiated by caspases
খ
খ) Enzymatic degradation of proteins
গ
গ) Enzymatic degradation of RNA
ঘ
ঘ) Removal of dead cells by Phagocytosis
৪.
Cause of physiologic apoptosis -
ক
Cell delation in proliferating cell population
খ
Viral hepatitis
গ
Steatohepatitis
ঘ
Parotid duct apoptosis
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Explanation : The removal of supernumerary cells (in excess of the required number) during development. • Involution of hormone-dependent tissues on hormone withdrawal, such as endometrial cell breakdown during the menstrual cycle, ovarian follicular atresia in menopause, and regression of the lactating breast after weaning. • Cell turnover in proliferating cell populations, such as immature lymphocytes in the bone marrow and thymus, B lymphocytes in germinal centers that fail to express useful antigen receptors and epithelial cells in intestinal crypts, to maintain a constant cell number (homeostasis). • Elimination of potentially harmful self-reactive lymphocytes to prevent immune reactions against one’s own tissues. • Death of host cells that have served their useful purpose, such as neutrophils in an acute inflammatory response, and lymphocytes at the end of an immune response.
৫.
Apoptosis is
ক
ক) A pathway of cell survival
খ
খ) Programmed cell death
গ
গ) Always pathological
ঘ
ঘ) Tightly regulated survival programmatic
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Apoptosis is Programmed cell death
৬.
Most characteristic feature of apoptosis is
ক
ক) Chromatin condensation
খ
খ) Cell shrinkage
গ
গ) Formation of apoptotic bodies
ঘ
ঘ) Formation of bleb
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Most characteristic feature of apoptosis is chromatin condensation
৭.
Morphologic feature of apoptosis -
ক
Phagocytosis
খ
Chromatin swelling
গ
Membrane damage
ঘ
Cell swelling
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : Morphology of apoptotic cell - Cell shrinkage Chromatin condensation Formation of cytoplasmic blebs and apoptotic body Phagocytosis