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Acid-Base Disorders

মোট প্রশ্ন২৪এই পাতা২৪প্রতি পাতা১০০
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উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Acid-Base Disorders

PrepBank · পাতা ১ / ১ · ১–২৪ / ২৪

১.
Which of the following causes normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?
  1. ক
    ক) Renal tubular acidosis
  2. খ
    খ) Starvation ketosis
  3. গ
    গ) Alcoholic ketoacidosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lactic acidosis
২.
Which is not a part of ABG
  1. ক
    (PaO2)
  2. খ
    (PaCO2)
  3. গ
    acidity (pH)
  4. ঘ
    None
ব্যাখ্যা
An arterial blood gas (ABG) is a test that measures the oxygen tension (PaO2), carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), acidity (pH), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3) concentration in arterial blood. Some blood gas analyzers also measure the methemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and hemoglobin levels.
৩.
Permanent blindness is a feature of poisoning with
  1. ক
    ক) Methanol
  2. খ
    খ) Ethanol
  3. গ
    গ) Ethylene glycol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Isobutyl nitrate
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-147
৪.
Cause of Chloride responsive Metabolic alkalosis
  1. ক
    Conn’s syndrome
  2. খ
    Cushing’s syndrome
  3. গ
    Chronic hypokalemia
  4. ঘ
    Ingestion of Alkaline Drugs
ব্যাখ্যা
Saline/ Chloride responsive:  Associated with hypovolemia and  responds to N/S infusion

•Ingestion of Alkaline Drugs
•GIT Cause
•Diuretic administration
৫.
End Tidal CO2 in psycogenic hyperventilation?
  1. ক
    <2.5
  2. খ
    <3.5
  3. গ
    <4.5
  4. ঘ
    <5.5
৬.
Cause of normal lactate acidosis-
  1. ক
    Metformin
  2. খ
    Methanol
  3. গ
    Cyanide
  4. ঘ
    Carbon monoxide
৭.
Substance causing high lactate acidosis?
  1. ক
    Metformin
  2. খ
    Salicylates
  3. গ
    Methanol
  4. ঘ
    Ethylene glycol
৮.
Cause of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
  1. ক
    ক) Renal tubular acidosis
  2. খ
    খ) Diabetic ketoacidosis
  3. গ
    গ) Aspirin poisoning
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Kidney disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-365
৯.
Which of the following condition(s) haemoglobin–oxygen dissociation curve is Shifted to the left?
  1. ক
    ক) ↑ 2, 3-BPG
  2. খ
    খ) ↑ pH
  3. গ
    গ) ↑CO2
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) ↑Temperature
১০.
Acid base balance is maintained by -----no of equations
  1. ক
    1
  2. খ
    2
  3. গ
    3
  4. ঘ
    4
ব্যাখ্যা
2 equations
1.Hendersson  Hasslebach equation
2.Anion  Gap
১১.
Cause of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?
  1. ক
    Diabetic ketoacidosis
  2. খ
    Lactic acidosis
  3. গ
    Renal tubular acidosis
  4. ঘ
    Starvation ketosis
১২.
Which is not a cardinal feature of RTA type 1
  1. ক
    Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
  2. খ
    Hyperkalemia
  3. গ
    Hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis
  4. ঘ
    Osteomalacia
ব্যাখ্যা
Type I RTA is characterized by:

•Impaired hydrogen ion secretion in Distal  tubule
•Hypokalemia
•Hypocitraturia
•Hypercalciuria
•Nephrocalcinosis
•Renal Stones
১৩.
Type A lactic acidosis is caused by
  1. ক
    Cyanide
  2. খ
    Diabetes mellitus
  3. গ
    Severe sepsis
  4. ঘ
    Metformin
ব্যাখ্যা
Type B: Impaired Lactic acid  metabolism
•Severe sepsis
•Hepatic & Renal failure
•Drugs- Metformin, Ethanol
•Diabetes mellitus
Type A: Increased production, due to:
Hypotension – Shock, Cardiac failure
Tissue hypoxia:
Mitochondrial  dysfunction (CO, Cyanide) Severe anemia
১৪.
The minor unmeasured cations are
  1. ক
    gamma globulins
  2. খ
    magnesium
  3. গ
    Sodium
  4. ঘ
    calcium
ব্যাখ্যা
The major unmeasured cations are calcium,  magnesium, gamma globulins.
১৫.
Renal Acid base balance is maintained by
  1. ক
    Reabsorption of filtered HCO3
  2. খ
    Secretion of H+
  3. গ
    Production of new HCO3
  4. ঘ
    All
১৬.
Toxic metabolite of Methanol is-
  1. ক
    Glycolic acid
  2. খ
    Oxalic acid
  3. গ
    Glyoxylic acid
  4. ঘ
    Formic acid
১৭.
Metabolic acidosis is associated with all of the followings except:
  1. ক
    Methanol poisoning
  2. খ
    RTA
  3. গ
    Vomiting
  4. ঘ
    Lactic acidosis
১৮.
Which type metabolic abnormality occurs in Gastric outlet obstruction as a consequence of PUD?
  1. ক
    ক) hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis
  2. খ
    খ) hypochloraemic metabolic acidosis
  3. গ
    গ) hyperchloraemic metabolic alkalosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Loss of acidic gastric contents leads to alkalosis and dehydration with low serum chloride and potassium and raised serum bicarbonate and urea concentrations (hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis).
১৯.
Electrolyte imbalance in GOO
  1. ক
    ক) Hypochloremic metabolic acidosis
  2. খ
    খ) Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
  3. গ
    গ) Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Hyperchloremic metabolic alkalosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-801
২০.
Antidote used in ethylene glycol poisoning
  1. ক
    ক) Methionine
  2. খ
    খ) Fomepizole
  3. গ
    গ) Ethanol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) DMSA
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-137
২১.
Which of the following shifts oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve to the left?
  1. ক
    Increased 2,3- BPG
  2. খ
    Increased pH
  3. গ
    Increased CO2
  4. ঘ
    Increased temperature
২২.
Electrolyte and acid base status in GOO can be described as
  1. ক
    Hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis
  2. খ
    Hypochloraemic metabolic acidosis
  3. গ
    Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
  4. ঘ
    Hyperchloraemic metabolic alkalosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-801
সলভ ক্লাসের জন্য আলোচনা পোস্ট দেখুন - [আলোচনা পোস্টের লিঙ্ক]
২৩.
Respiratory rate is increased following poisoning with…?
  1. ক
    ক) Opioids
  2. খ
    খ) Benzodiazepines
  3. গ
    গ) Salicylates
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) All of them
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-133
২৪.
Proximal RTA is characterized  by
  1. ক
    Failure to thrive
  2. খ
    Hyperphosphaturia
  3. গ
    Hypokalemia
  4. ঘ
    All
ব্যাখ্যা
Type II (proximal) RTA is characterized  by
•Hypokalemia
•Hyperphosphaturia
•Aminoaciduria
•Glycosuria
•Rickets and osteomalacia
•Failure to thrive