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Tumor Biology

মোট প্রশ্ন৩৭এই পাতা৩৭প্রতি পাতা১০০
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Tumor Biology

PrepBank · পাতা ১ / ১ · ১–৩৭ / ৩৭

১.
Which of the following is most important risk factor for lung cancer?
  1. ক
    ক) Smoking
  2. খ
    খ) Genetic predisposition
  3. গ
    গ) Air pollutant
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Atopy
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer
২.
Bony metastasis is not occurs in -
  1. ক
    Breast
  2. খ
    Bronchus of lungs
  3. গ
    Kidney
  4. ঘ
    GIT
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Bony metastasis occurs in -
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Breast
Bronchus of lungs
Kisney
Prostrate 
Testes
Ovary
৩.
Which of the following is the tumor marker of for pancreatic cancer?
  1. ক
    ক) AFP.
  2. খ
    খ) Beta-hCG.
  3. গ
    গ) CA 19-9.
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) CA 125.
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The most useful tumour marker for pancreatic cancer is CA 19-9, of which the sensitivity and specificity for pancreatic carcinoma are 80% and 90% respectively.
৪.
Which of the following is the tumor marker of HCC?
  1. ক
    ক) ALP
  2. খ
    খ) AFP
  3. গ
    গ) CA 19.9
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) PSA
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is produced by 60% of HCCs. In HCC patients with elevated AFP levels, serial measurements can be a useful biomarker of disease progression or response to treatment
৫.
Protooncogene is converted to oncogene by
  1. ক
    ক) Periodic mutation
  2. খ
    খ) Deletions
  3. গ
    গ) Mosaicism pull
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Translocation
ব্যাখ্যা
Protooncogene is converted to oncogene by translocation
৬.
Commonest glial tumor-
  1. ক
    ক) Astrocytoma
  2. খ
    খ) oligodendroglioma
  3. গ
    গ) Ependymoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Ganglioglioma
ব্যাখ্যা
Astrocytoma is commonest glial tumour
৭.
Common site of local invasion of gastric carcinoma excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Duodenum
  2. খ
    খ) Jejunum
  3. গ
    গ) Pancreas
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Retroperitonium
ব্যাখ্যা
• The depth of invasion and the extent of nodal and distant metastases at the time of diagnosis remain the most powerful prognostic indicators in gastric cancer.
• Local invasion into the duodenum, pancreas, and retroperitoneum is common.
৮.
TNM staging of a malignant tumour -
  1. ক
    ক) Is only a clinical assessment
  2. খ
    খ) Cannot be done after surgery
  3. গ
    গ) Takes account of the secondary tumour size
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Is not important for treatment planning
ব্যাখ্যা
Ref: Robbins 9th p 332
৯.
Gastric metastasis to pouch of Doglas is known as
  1. ক
    ক) Irish node
  2. খ
    খ) Virchow gland
  3. গ
    গ) Blumer shelf
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sister mary joseph nodule
ব্যাখ্যা

Gastric Metastases are often detected at time of diagnosis. Sites most commonly involved include
 The supraclavicular sentinel lymph node(virchow node)
 Periumbilical lymph nodes (sister mary joseph nodule)
 The left axillary lymph node (irish node)
 The ovary (krukenberg tumor)
 The pouch of douglas (blumer shelf)

১০.
Which type of tumour mainly follows heamtogenous spread?
  1. ক
    ক) Carcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Sarcoma
  3. গ
    গ) Adenoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Fibroma
ব্যাখ্যা

Dissemination of cancers may occur through one of three pathways:
• Direct seeding of body cavities or surfaces,
• Lymphatic spread- mainly carcinoma
• Hematogenous spread- mainly Sarcomas

১১.
Which is called Governor of the cell cycle -
  1. ক
    APC
  2. খ
    P53
  3. গ
    NF2
  4. ঘ
    RB
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
RB gene is called Governor of the cell cycle. 
It inhibit cell cycle in G1-S phase.
১২.
Angiogenesis is promoted by
  1. ক
    ক) Hypoxia inhibitory factor
  2. খ
    খ) Endostatin
  3. গ
    গ) Thrombospondin
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) PDGF
ব্যাখ্যা
Angiogenesis is promoted by PDGF
১৩.
Carcinoma of breast metastasizes
  1. ক
    ক) Lymphatic route
  2. খ
    খ) Hematogenous route
  3. গ
    গ) Direct seeding of surfaces
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Indirect seeding of cavity
ব্যাখ্যা
Carcinoma of breast metastasizes lymphatic route
১৪.
Colorectal carcinoma peaks at age
  1. ক
    ক) 30-40
  2. খ
    খ) 40-50
  3. গ
    গ) 50-60
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 60-70
ব্যাখ্যা
• Colorectal cancer incidence peaks at 60 to 70 years of age, with fewer than 20% of cases occuring before age 50.
১৫.
CA -125 is raised in :
  1. ক
    Medullary carcinoma of thyroid
  2. খ
    Ovarian carcinoma
  3. গ
    Lung carcinoma
  4. ঘ
    Pheochromocytoma
১৬.
Which type of tumour mainly follows lymphatic spread?
  1. ক
    ক) Carcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Sarcoma
  3. গ
    গ) Adenoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Fibroma
ব্যাখ্যা

Dissemination of cancers may occur through one of three pathways:
 Direct seeding of body cavities or surfaces,
 Lymphatic spread- mainly carcinoma
 Hematogenous spread- mainly Sarcomas

১৭.
Neuronal tumor of CNS-
  1. ক
    ক) Astrocytoma
  2. খ
    খ) Gangliocytoma
  3. গ
    গ) schwannoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) medulloblastoma
ব্যাখ্যা
gangliocytoma is a neuronal tumour of CNS
১৮.
CA 19-9 is related to carcinoma of
  1. ক
    ক) Pancreas
  2. খ
    খ) Stomach
  3. গ
    গ) Liver
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Breast
১৯.
Lung cancers particularly related to paraneoplastic syndrome
  1. ক
    ক) Adenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. গ
    গ) Small cell carcinoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Large cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Lung cancers, particularly small cell lung carcinomas, can cause paraneoplastic syndromes.
২০.
Oncogenic microbes excludes
  1. ক
    ক) HTLV-1
  2. খ
    খ) HPV
  3. গ
    গ) EBV
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) VZV
ব্যাখ্যা

• HTLV-1: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
• HPV: benign warts, cervical cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer
• EBV: Burkitt lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas in patients with T-cell immunosuppression
• Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: hepatocellular carcinomas
• H. pylori: gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma

২১.
Guardian of the Genome
  1. ক
    ক) APC
  2. খ
    খ) TP53
  3. গ
    গ) RB
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) VHL
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 293]
২২.
Childhood tumor occurs in cerebellum -
  1. ক
    ক) medulloblastoma
  2. খ
    খ) astrocytoma
  3. গ
    গ) oligodoendroglioma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Meningioma
ব্যাখ্যা
Medulloblastoma is childhood tumour in cerebellam
২৩.
Osteoblastic metastasis occurs in -
  1. ক
    Prostate
  2. খ
    Kidney
  3. গ
    Thyroid
  4. ঘ
    Lung
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of -
Osteoblastic metastasis following carcinoma :
Prostate 
Breast ( Mixed)
Osteolytic metastasis following carcinoma :
Kidney
Thyroid
Lung
Breast
২৪.
CA 15-3 is related to carcinoma of
  1. ক
    ক) Pancreas
  2. খ
    খ) Colon
  3. গ
    গ) Liver
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Breast
২৫.
CA-125 is a tumour marker for
  1. ক
    ক) Ca ovary
  2. খ
    খ) Ca breast
  3. গ
    গ) Ca pancreas
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Ca lung
ব্যাখ্যা
CA-125 is a tumour marker for Ca ovary
২৬.
Which of the following is the commonest glial tumor?
  1. ক
    ক) Oligodendroglioma
  2. খ
    খ) Astrocytoma
  3. গ
    গ) Ependymoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Ganglioglioma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Astrocytoma is commonest glial tumour
২৭.
Childhood tumor occurs in cerebellum -
  1. ক
    ক) medulloblastoma
  2. খ
    খ) astrocytoma
  3. গ
    গ) oligodoendroglioma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Meningioma
ব্যাখ্যা
Medulloblastoma is childhood tumour in cerebellam
২৮.
Most common primary cardiac tumour in adults
  1. ক
    ক) Myeloma
  2. খ
    খ) Myxoma
  3. গ
    গ) Rhabdomyoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sarcoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Myxoma is the most common cardiac primary tumour
২৯.
Which is sex cord tumor of ovary according to WHO -
  1. ক
    Seminoma
  2. খ
    Teratoma
  3. গ
    Granulosa cell tumor
  4. ঘ
    Choriocarcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Sex cord tumor of ovary -
Leydig cell tumor
Sertoli cell tumor
Granulosa cell tumor
Thecoma
Fibroma
৩০.
Cells implicated in tumor immunity -
  1. ক
    Natural killer cell
  2. খ
    Neutrophil
  3. গ
    Eosinophil
  4. ঘ
    Plasma cell
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Cells implicated tumor immunity -
Natural killer cell
Macrophage
Cytotoxic T cell
৩১.
ACTH is related to following paraneuplastic syndrome -
  1. ক
    Hypercalcemia
  2. খ
    Cushing syndrome
  3. গ
    Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
  4. ঘ
    Hypoglycemia
৩২.
Metastatic gastrointestinal tumor-
  1. ক
    ক) Cystadenocarcinoma
  2. খ
    খ) Kulchitsky cell tumour
  3. গ
    গ) Adenocarcinoma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Krukenberge tumour
ব্যাখ্যা
Krukenbegre tumor is metastatise to ovary from stomach
৩৩.
Which of the following is the most common cause of cancer related mortality worldwide?
  1. ক
    ক) Breast cancer
  2. খ
    খ) Lung Cancer
  3. গ
    গ) Leukaemia
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Gastric cancer
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Lung cancer is currently the most frequently diagnosed major cancer in the world and the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide
৩৪.
Human papilloma virus is responsible for
  1. ক
    ক) Burkitt lymphoma
  2. খ
    খ) Kaposi sarcoma
  3. গ
    গ) Carcinoma of cervix
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Merkel cell carcinoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Human papilloma virus is responsible for carcinoma of cervix
৩৫.
Feature of anaplastic tumour is
  1. ক
    ক) Normal nuclear morphology
  2. খ
    খ) Pleomorphism
  3. গ
    গ) Typical mitotic figure
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Normal polarity
ব্যাখ্যা
Feature of anaplastic tumour is pleomorphism
৩৬.
Which one is not urinary bladder tumor -
  1. ক
    ক) transitional cell tumor
  2. খ
    খ) squamous cell tumor
  3. গ
    গ) small cell tumor
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Epithelial cell tumor
ব্যাখ্যা
Epithelial cell tumour is not urinary bladder tumour
৩৭.
Procarcinogens excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Benzanthene
  2. খ
    খ) Cycasin
  3. গ
    গ) Clorambucil
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Benzidine
ব্যাখ্যা
Ref. Robbins 9th p323, T-7.10