Voice

PrepBank · পাতা ১ / ৪ · ১–১০০ / ৩৪৭

১.

The passive form of the sentence "Turn off the lights." is -

ক
Let the lights be turnt off.
খ
Let the lights turnt off.
গ
Let the lights turned off.
ঘ
Let the lights be turned off.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the lights be turned off.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the lights be turned off.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Turn off the lights.
Passive Voice: Let the lights be turned off.

→ Turn (base form) → Turning (present participle) → Turned (past form) → Turned (past participle form).

• Verb দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া imperative sentence কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
→ প্রথমে Let বসে।
→ object + be + verb এর past participle বসে।

More Example:
Active Voice: Open the window.
Passive Voice: Let the window be opened.

২.

We elected him president. (Passive)

ক
He was elect president by us.
খ
He elected president by us.
গ
He was elected president by us.
ঘ
President is electes by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

He was elected president by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

He was elected president by us.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Factitive object, Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।
যেমন: We made him captain.

Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টি Subject +
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে +
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে +
- Factitive object টি বসে +
- by বসে +
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

যেমন:
Active: We elected him president.
Passive: He was elected president by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English grammar and composition by Chowdhury & Hussain.

৩.

Pluck me a flower. (Make it passive)

ক
Let a flower be plucked to me.
খ
Let a flower be plucked by me.
গ
Let a flower be plucked with me.
ঘ
Let a flower be plucked for me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let a flower be plucked for me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let a flower be plucked for me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Pluck me a flower.
• Passive voice: Let a flower be plucked for me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪.

Change the voice of the sentence: One can achieve success by one’s sincere efforts.

ক
One’s success can be achieved by one’s sincere efforts.
খ
Someone's sincere efforts can be achieved by oneself.
গ
Success achieved by sincere efforts.
ঘ
Success can be achieved by sincere efforts.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Success can be achieved by sincere efforts.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Success can be achieved by sincere efforts.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
• Active Voice এ Subject হিসেবে People ,one ইত্যাদি থাকলে Passive করার সময় People / one বাদ দিতে হয়।
- পাশাপাশি object অংশে one's + noun থাকলে passive থাকলে one's কেও বাদ দিতে হয়।

- নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: One can achieve success by one’s sincere efforts.
Passive: Success can be achieved by sincere efforts.

আবার,
Active: One should do one's duty.
Passive: Duty should be done.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

৫.

We will explain why we want to do it. (Passive)

ক
The reason want to do that will be explained by us.
খ
All the reasons we explain be explained by us.
গ
Why we want to be do would be explained by us.
ঘ
Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

→ [17th NTRCA স্কুল পর্যায় -2]

• Future indefinite যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম -
- প্রথমে object টি subject রূপে বসে,
- shall/will + be বসে,
- এরপর verb এর past participle form বসে,
- subject টি object রূপে বসে।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক উত্তর - Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

৬.

Choose the correct passive form of
"People consider her to be brave."

ক
Her is considered to be brave.
খ
She is considered to be brave.
গ
She considered to be brave.
ঘ
She was consider to be brave.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

She is considered to be brave.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

She is considered to be brave.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - খ) She is considered to be brave.

Active Voice: People consider her to be brave.
Passive Voice: She is considered to be brave.

• Infinitive যুক্ত sentence এর বেলায় Passive করতে হলে,
- Active Structure: Subject (People) + Verb (consider) + Object (her) + Infinitive (to be) + Adjective (brave).
- Object এর সাথে verb এর passive form + infinitive form + বাকি অংশ।

Passive Transformation:
- Object (her) becomes Subject (She)+ Passive form of verb (is considered) + Infinitive phrase (to be brave)
- She is considered to be brave.

বাকি অপশনগুলো:
ক) Her is considered to be brave.
- “Her” subject হিসেবে বসেনা।
- এখানে “She” subject হবে।
- Her হলো object pronoun, কিন্তু এখানে subject দরকার, তাই ভুল।

গ) She considered to be brave.
- এখানে helping verb নেই। Passive voice-এ "is/was/are" এর মতো verb দরকার।
- "She considered" মানে হবে "সে ভাবতো", এটা Passive না।

ঘ) She was consider to be brave.
- “was consider” ভুল structure।
- “Was” এর পর verb এর past participle (V3) হয়।
- তাই বাক্যটি ভুল।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

৭.

She will bake a cake. (Passive)

ক
A cake will be being baked by her.
খ
A cake will be baked by her.
গ
A cake will have to be baked by her.
ঘ
A cake will bake by her.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A cake will be baked by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A cake will be baked by her.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: She will bake a cake.
Passive Voice: A cake will be baked by her.

• Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,

• Future indefinite tense যুক্ত বাক্যের passive from হবে:
→ প্রথমে Object এর subjective form বসে।
→ be বসে।
→ verb এর Past participle form বসে।
→ by/at/with বসে।
→ Subject এর objective form বসে।

৮.

Let me do this. (make it passive)

ক
This is let to be done by me.
খ
Let this be done.
গ
Let this be done by me.
ঘ
Let me be done this.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let this be done by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let this be done by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Let দিয়ে Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past Participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: Let me do this.
Passive Voice: Let this be done by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯.

Let them decorate the hall. [passive]

ক
Let the hall decorated by them.
খ
Let the hall to be decorated by them.
গ
Let the hall be decorated by them.
ঘ
Let the hall have been decorate by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the hall be decorated by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the hall be decorated by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Let them decorate the hall.
Passive: Let the hall be decorated by them.

• Let যুক্ত Imperative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসে।
- Object টির subject রূপে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টির Object রূপে বসে।

• Structure: Let + Object টির subject বসে + be বসে + মূল verb এর past participle form বসে + by + subject টির Object রূপে বসে।

১০.

He showed me what he had made. (Passive)

ক
He had made what was shown to me.
খ
What he made had shown me.
গ
What he had made was shown me by him.
ঘ
What he had made has shown by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

What he had made was shown me by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

What he had made was shown me by him.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - গ) What he had made was shown me by him.

• Passive Voice of Complex Sentence:
- Complex sentence এ একটি clause একটি subject বা object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- সুতরাং active এর object যদি একটি clause হয় তাহলে passive - এর subject হিসেবে ঐ clauseটি ব্যবহৃত হবে।
- কিংবা active - এর subject কোন clause হলে passive-এর object হিসেবে তা ব্যবহৃত হয়। clause এর মধ্যকার verb এর কোন পরিবর্তন হবে না।

• Examples:
Act: I know what he thinks.
Pass: What he thinks is known to me.

Act: He showed me what he had made.
Pass: What he had made was shown me by him.

Act: She said what she knew.
Pass: What she knew was said by her.

Act: We will explain why we want to do it.
Pass: Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

Act: What he has done will save his family.
Pass: His family will be saved by what he has done.

Other options:
ক) He had made what was shown to me.
- অর্থ ভুল এবং গঠন ভুল।
- এখানে passive এবং active clause গুলোর অবস্থান ও অর্থ মিলছে না।

খ) What he made had shown me.
- ভুল গঠন, passive voice এর সঠিক ফর্ম নয়।
- "had shown me" ঠিক জায়গায় নেই।

ঘ) What he had made has shown by him.
- বাক্যটির গঠন ভুল।
- "has shown by him" ভুল passive form; এর বদলে "has been shown by him" হবে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

১১.

Whom will they invite to the party? (make it passive)

ক
Who will invited by them to the party?
খ
Who will be invited by them to the party?
গ
Who will be invited them to the party?
ঘ
By whom will be invited them to the party?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who will be invited by them to the party?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who will be invited by them to the party?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Whom যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর active voice কে passive voice- এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর Whom এর পরিবর্তের Passive Voice এ প্রথমে Who বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে।
- মুল verb এর Past Participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Subject এর Object form বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক (?) চিহ্ন বসে।

Active Voice: Whom will they invite to the party?
Passive Voice: Who will be invited by them to the party?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

১২.

Change the voice: I heard her singing a song.

ক
She was heard of singing a song.
খ
I was heard her singing a song.
গ
She heard singing a song by me.
ঘ
She was heard singing a song by me.
ঙ
None

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was heard singing a song by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was heard singing a song by me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: I heard her singing a song.
Passive Voice: She was heard singing a song by me.

• Object + present participle যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তনের সময়-
• object টি Subject হয় + Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb-এর past participle বসে + present participle যুক্ত অংশটি বসে + by বসে + Subjectটির objective form বসে।

অর্থাৎ,
- present participle থেকে বাক্যের বাকি অংশ অপরিবর্তিত থাকে।
- এক্ষেত্রে শুধু present participle এর পূর্ববর্তী বাক্যাংশের passive form হয়ে থাকে।
- আর, By+ object যুক্ত অংশ বাক্যের শেষে বসে।

১৩.

Lock the doors before you go out. (passive)

ক
The doors be locked by you before you go out.
খ
Let the doors should be locked before you go out.
গ
Let be the doors locked before you go out.
ঘ
Let the doors be locked before you go out.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the doors be locked before you go out.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let the doors be locked before you go out.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Imperative Sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে,
শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
i) প্রথমে Let বসে +
ii) Object টি Subject রূপে বসে +
iii) be বসে +
iv) Verb এর past participle বসে।

Active: Open the door in the living room.
Passive: Let the door in the living room be opened.

Active: Lock the doors before you go out.
Passive: Let the doors be locked before you go out.

other options,
ক) "The doors be locked by you before you go out" — এটি ব্যাকরণগতভাবে সঠিক নয়।
খ) "Let the doors should be locked before you go out" — "let" এবং "should" একসাথে ব্যবহার করা যায় না।
গ) "Let be the doors locked before you go out" — বাক্যের শব্দগুলোর বিন্যাস ভুল।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition.

১৪.

Who has painted the wall? [Passive]

ক
By whom has the wall painted?
খ
By whom has the wall being painted?
গ
By whom has the wall been painted?
ঘ
By whom has the wall be painted?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom has the wall been painted?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom has the wall been painted?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়।
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয়।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active Voice: Who has answered the question?
Passive Voice: By whom has the question been answered?

Active: Who has painted the wall?
Passive: By whom has the wall been painted?

১৫.

The rose smells sweet. (Make it passive)

ক
The rose was sweet when it was smelled.
খ
The rose is sweet when it smells.
গ
The rose is sweet when it is smelled.
ঘ
The rose is sweet when it smelled.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The rose is sweet when it is smelled.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The rose is sweet when it is smelled.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: The rose smells sweet.
Passive Voice: The rose is sweet when it is smelled.

• প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি একটি Quasi sentence.
- যে sentence গঠনে active কিন্তু অর্থে passive বা অন্যের দ্বারা সংঘটিত হয় এমন বোঝায় বোঝায়, তাকে Quasi sentence বলে।

• এই ধরনের sentence কে দুই ভাবে passive করা যায়-
1) Active voice এর subject টিই Passive voice এর subject হিসাবে বসে + Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + Adjective টি বসে + when + প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী It/they বসে + আবারো tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + মূল verb এর past participle.
যেমন:
- Active Voice: The rose smells sweet.
- Passive Voice: The rose is sweet when it is smelled.

2) Active এর এর Subject টিই Passive Voice এর Subject হিসাবে বসে + Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + মূল Verb এর Past Participle + Adjective টি বসে।
যেমন:
- Active Voice: The rose smells sweet.
- Passive Voice: The rose is smelled sweet.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

১৬.

You must complete the work. (Passive)

ক
The work must be completes by you.
খ
The work must be been completed by you.
গ
The work must be complete by you.
ঘ
The work must be completed by you.
ঙ
Both B + C

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The work must be completed by you.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The work must be completed by you.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• May, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার সময় -
- active এর object, subject হিসাবে বসে।
- এর পরে be বসে
- তার পরেই মূল verb টির Past Participle বসে।
- by বসে
- active এর subject object হিসাবে বসে।

Active: You must complete the work.
Passive: The work must be completed by you.

১৭.

'You should keep your promise'______ the passive voice is______

ক
Your promise should be kept.
খ
Your promise is to be kept by you.
গ
Your promise should keep by you.
ঘ
Your promise should kept by you.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Your promise should be kept.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Your promise should be kept.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,
- প্রথমে Active voice এর object টির subject রুপে বসবে।
- should be
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

Structure: প্রথমে object টির subject রুপ হবে + should be + মূল verb এর past participle.

- সেই অনুসারে, সঠিক উত্তর, Your promise should be kept.

১৮.

She played on the flute. Passive form is —

ক
The flute was played by her.
খ
The flute was played on by her.
গ
The flute was played to her.
ঘ
The flute was being played by her.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The flute was played on by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The flute was played on by her.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

→[45 BCS Preliminary]

• Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে এবং মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in বসে।

• Past Indefinite Tense এর active voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় was/were + verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- তাই was/were + verb এর Past Participle যুক্ত Passive Voice এর Active Voice Past Indefinite Tense এ হবে।

• মূল বাক্য past indefinite এবং বাক্যটির object 'The flute'.
- Passive voice করার ক্ষেত্রে 'The flute'- বাক্যের শুরুতে আসবে এবং এর পরে Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb 'was' বসবে।
- Auxiliary verb- এর পরে মূল verb এর Past Participle 'played' এবং এর সাথে 'on' বসবে।
- বাক্যটির Subject 'She' Passive voice- এ তা Object রূপে her হিসেবে বসবে।
- 'Her'- এর পূর্বে 'by' বসবে।

Active: She played on the flute.
Passive: The flute was played on by her.

১৯.

Change the voice- 'They were flying kites'

ক
Kites were being flew by them.
খ
Kites were been flown by them.
গ
Kites were being flown by them.
ঘ
They were being flown by kites.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Kites were being flown by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Kites were being flown by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past continuous tense এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Structure: Object এর subject + Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being + মূল verb এর past participle form + by + Subject এর object.

• Active voice: They were flying kites.
• Passive voice: Kites were being flown by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২০.

Change the voice: Ilmi was making tea.

ক
Ilmi made tea.
খ
Tea was being made by Ilmi.
গ
Ilmi was being made tea.
ঘ
Tea was made by Ilmi.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Tea was being made by Ilmi.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Tea was being made by Ilmi.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• এ জাতীয় Actve voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম -
- Active voice এর subject হবে passive voice এর object.
- Active voice এর object হবে passive voice এর subject.
- বাক্যে was/ were থাকলে তাদের পরিবর্তে was being/ were being বসবে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle form বসবে।
- By + বাক্যের বাকি অংশ বসবে।

Active: Ilmi was making tea.
Passive: Tea was being made by Ilmi.

২১.

In each of the following questions, a sentence has been given in Active (or Passive) voice. Out of the four alternatives suggested select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Passive (or Active) voice. (Qs. ৪১ - ৪৫).
Finish your homework before dinner. (Make it passive)

ক
Let your homework being finished before dinner.
খ
Let your homework been finished before dinner.
গ
Let your homework be finished before dinner.
ঘ
Let your homework finished before dinner.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let your homework be finished before dinner.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let your homework be finished before dinner.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধু মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রথমে Let বসবে;

- Active voice এর object টির subject রূপে বসবে;

- be বসবে;

- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

Structure: Let + object টির subject হয় + be + মূল verb এর past participle + extensions.

Active: Finish your homework before dinner.

Passive: Let your homework be finished before dinner.

২২.

'Who can do it?' (Make it passive)

ক
By whom can it be do?
খ
By whom can it be did?
গ
By whom can it be done?
ঘ
By whom it can be done?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom can it be done?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom can it be done?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

⇒ Who দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া interrogative sentence কে passive করতে হলে
- Who এর স্থানে By whom বসে।
- এরপর বাক্যটির tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary/ be verb/model verb
- তারপর subject
- model verb এর জন্য beএবং verb এর past participle রূপ
- এবং সবশেষে object বসবে।
- Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb + Subject + verb এর past participle রূপ + object.

- অতএব, সঠিক উত্তর: By whom can it be done?

২৩.

He made me drive his car. (Make it passive)

ক
I was made to be driven his car by him.
খ
I was made drive his car by him.
গ
I was made to driving his car by him.
ঘ
I was made to drive his car by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was made to drive his car by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was made to drive his car by him.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: He made me drive his car.
Passive Voice: I was made to drive his car by him.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪.

Read this book. (Make it passive)

ক
Let the book be readed.
খ
Let the book being read.
গ
Let the book be read.
ঘ
Let the book been read.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the book be read.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the book be read.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।

• Active Voice: Read this book.
• Passive Voice: Let the book be read.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৫.

Passive form of - 'Tell him to go.'

ক
You are requested to tell him to go.
খ
Let him to go.
গ
He should go.
ঘ
Let him be told to go.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let him be told to go.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let him be told to go.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - ঘ) Let him be told to go.

- Imperative sentence- এ আদেশ, অনুরোধ, উপদেশ ইত্যাদি বোঝালে বাক্যের প্রথমে Let যোগ করে Passive করা হয়।
- মূল verb-এর Past Participle-এর পূর্বে 'be' verb যুক্ত হয়।
- Imperative sentence-এর active voice-এ যদি ‘please’ থাকে, তাহলে passive voice-এ ‘You are requested to’ ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- সাধারণত Intransitive Verb বা অকর্মক ক্রিয়ার Passive Voice হয় না, তবু এরূপ ক্ষেত্রে Please থাকলে 'You are requested to' যোগ করে তারও Passive Voice করা যায়।
- ‘Should’ এবং ‘be’ verb-এর সাহায্যেও passive voice তৈরি করা যায়।
- Passive form: Let + object + be + past Participle of the Verb.

Active: Tell him to go.
Passive: Let him be told to go.

Active: Do this work.
Passive: Let this work be done.

Active: Open the door.
Passive: Let the door be opened.

Active: Please do this work.
Passive: You are requested to do this work.

Source: Applied English Grammar and Composition, P.C. DAS.

২৬.

Make it passive: Close the door.

ক
Let the door closed.
খ
Let the door be closed.
গ
The door is to be closed.
ঘ
The door may be close.
ঙ
Let the door close.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let the door be closed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let the door be closed.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Close the door.
Passive Voice: Let the door be closed.

• Verb দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া imperative sentence কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসে।
- object + be + verb এর past participle বসে।

More Example:
Active Voice: Open the window.
Passive Voice: Let the window be opened.

২৭.

We declared him the winner. (passive)

ক
He is declared the winner by us.
খ
He was being declared the winner by us.
গ
The winner was declared by us.
ঘ
He declared the winner by us.
ঙ
He was declared the winner by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঙ

He was declared the winner by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঙ

He was declared the winner by us.

ঙ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Factitive object, Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।
যেমন: We made him captain.

Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টি Subject +
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে +
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে +
- Factitive object টি বসে +
- by বসে +
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

Active: We declared him the winner.
Passive: He was declared the winner by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English grammar and composition by Chowdhury & Hussain.

২৮.

Don't forget your keys. (change into passive voice)

ক
Let not your keys be forgotten.
খ
Your keys should not be forgotten.
গ
Let your keys not forgotten.
ঘ
Let be your keys not forgotten.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Let not your keys be forgotten.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Let not your keys be forgotten.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: Let not your keys be forgotten.
- যখন কোনও Imperative Sentence 'Don't' বা 'Do not' দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তখন Voice Change করার জন্য Let এর ঠিক পরেই not বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হয়।

• Do not যুক্ত imperative sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে voice change এর structure টি হল:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে
- Active Voice এর Object টি subject হয়
- be+মূল verb এর past participle বসে।

Other options:
খ) Your keys should not be forgotten.
- Imperative Sentence এর Voice Change করার জন্য passive voice এর শুরুতে Let বসাতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

গ) Let your keys not forgotten.
- 'Don't' বা 'Do not' দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative Sentence এর Voice Change করার জন্য Let এর ঠিক পরেই not বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) Let be your keys not forgotten.
- 'Don't' বা 'Do not' দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative Sentence এর Voice Change করার জন্য Let এর ঠিক পরেই not বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হয় এবং be+মূল verb এর past participle করতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৯.

I heard her sing a beautiful song. (Make it passive)

ক
She was heard singing a beautiful song by me.
খ
She was heard to sung a beautiful song by me.
গ
She was heard to sing a beautiful song by me.
ঘ
She was heard to singing a beautiful song by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

She was heard to sing a beautiful song by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

She was heard to sing a beautiful song by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, See, Feel, Hear, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: I heard her sing a beautiful song.
• Passive Voice: She was heard to sing a beautiful song by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৩০.

Buy her a book. (make it passive)

ক
Let a book be brought for her.
খ
Let a book be bought by her.
গ
Let a book be bought for her.
ঘ
Let a book be bought to her.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let a book be bought for her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let a book be bought for her.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- bought এর সাথে preparation হিসেবে সব সময় for বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Buy her a book.
• Passive voice: Let a book be bought for her.

• Note:
ক) Let a book be brought for her.
- ভুল। কারণ, brought হলো bring এর past participle.
- প্রদত্ত প্রশ্নে মূল verb হিসেবে buy রয়েছে। তাই এখানে brought না হয়ে bought হবে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৩১.

One should obey the law. (Change the voice)

ক
The law should be obeyd.
খ
The law should obeyed.
গ
The law should be obeyed.
ঘ
The law should been obeyed.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The law should be obeyed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The law should be obeyed.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: One should obey the law.
Passive Voice: The law should be obeyed.

Active voice: One should follow the traffic rules.
Passive voice: The traffic rules should be followed.

• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
1. প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে, অর্থাৎ, Active voice-এর object-কে passive voice-এর subject হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
2. Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।
3. should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

More Examples:
Active Voice: One should keep promises.
Passive Voice: Promises should be kept.

Active Voice: One should always speak the truth.
Passive Voice: The truth should always be spoken.

৩২.

Change the voice: She was born in 2006.

ক
Her mother bear her in 2006.
খ
Her mother bore her in 2006.
গ
Her mother born her in 2006.
ঘ
Her mother bored her in 2006.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Her mother bore her in 2006.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Her mother bore her in 2006.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকলে Passive Voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:

• Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকে এবং verb টি যদি পেশা বা নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর সাথে Related কাজ হয় তাহলে ঐ পেশা জীবী বা ঐ নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর নাম Subject হিসেবে বসাতে হবে।

যেমন:
• Passive: Water was irrigated.
Active: Farmers irrigated water.

• Rome was not built in a day.
- The Romans did not build Rome in a day.

Passive: She was born in 2006.
Active: Her mother bore her in 2006.

বিকল্প বিশ্লেষণ:
ক) Her mother bear her in 2006.
- ভুল Tense, Past tense “bore” হওয়া উচিত।

গ) Her mother born her in 2006.
- “born” ভুল, passive form.

ঘ) Her mother bored her in 2006.
- “bored” → বিরক্ত করা, ভুল অর্থ।

Source: Live MCQ English Wizard.

৩৩.

Change the voice: What do you want?

ক
What is wanting by you?
খ
What is wanted by you?
গ
What is being wanted by you?
ঘ
What was wanted by you?
ঙ
You wanted what?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

What is wanted by you?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

What is wanted by you?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• What যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:

- What প্রথমে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Subject টির objective form বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক (?) চিহ্ন বসে।

Active: What has he done?
Passive: What has been done by him?

Active: What do you want?
Passive: What is wanted by you?

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৩৪.

I don't like idle people. (Make it passive)

ক
Idle people is not liked by me.
খ
Idle people are not liked by me.
গ
Idle peoples are not liked by me.
ঘ
Idle people are not likeable to me.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Idle people are not liked by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Idle people are not liked by me.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• উল্লেখিত বাক্যটি Present indefinite tense এ রয়েছে।
- Present indefinite tense যুক্ত negative বাক্যের Passive voice এর গঠন করার নিয়ম -
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে।
- এরপর subject ও tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- not + verb এর past participle form হয়।
- by + object.

• তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী সঠিক Passive form টি হবে - Idle people are not liked by me.

৩৫.

The dish was cooked by Rony. (Active)

ক
Rony being cooked the dish.
খ
Rony cooking the dish.
গ
Rony has cooked the dish.
ঘ
Rony cooks the dish.
ঙ
Rony cooked the dish.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঙ

Rony cooked the dish.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঙ

Rony cooked the dish.

ঙ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:

• Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

• Past Indefinite Tense এর Passive Voice কে Active Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:
- Object টি subject হয়,
- was/ were উঠে যায়,
- মূল verb এর Past form হয়,
- by উঠে যায়।
- Subject টির subjective form বসে।

• নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Passive: The dish was cooked by Rony.
Active: Rony cooked the dish.

৩৬.

One should keep one’s promises. (make it passive.)

ক
Promise should be kept.
খ
Promises should be kept.
গ
One’s promises should be kept by one.
ঘ
Someone promises should be kept.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Promises should be kept.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Promises should be kept.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• One + should যুক্ত sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- One's বাদ দিয়ে one's এর সাথের Object টি subject হিসেবে Passive voice- এ বসে।
- Should এর জন্য Should be বসে।
- verb এর past participle বসে।

Active: One should keep one’s promises.
Passive: Promises should be kept.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৩৭.

A new house ________ at the corner of the road.

ক
building
খ
been built
গ
is being built
ঘ
is building

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

is being built

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

is being built

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: is being built.
Complete sentence: A new house is being built at the corner of the road.
- এই বাক্যটি Passive Voice-এ রয়েছে।

• একটি বাড়ি নিজে নিজে তৈরি হতে পারে না, বরং কারো দ্বারা সেটি তৈরি করা হয়।
- তাই এখানে Passive construction প্রয়োজন।
- প্রদত্ত অপশনগুলোর মধ্যে শুধু অপশন (গ) তে Passive construction রয়েছে। তাই অনিবার্যভাবে এটি সঠিক উত্তর।
- অপশন Present Continuous Tense এর Voice Change এর নিয়ম ব্যবহার হবে।
- Present Continuous Tense-এর passive voice-এর গঠন হলো: Subject + am/is/are + being + Verb-এর Past Participle (V3).

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.

৩৮.

Make it passive: I heard him play the piano.

ক
He is heard to play the piano by me.
খ
He was heard to playing the piano by me.
গ
He was heard play the piano by me.
ঘ
He was heard to play the piano by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was heard to play the piano by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was heard to play the piano by me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: I heard him play the piano.
Passive: He was heard to play the piano by me.

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।

• Need, bid, dare, see, hear, make, help, feel, let, know, behold, watch প্রভৃতি verb গুলোর পর Active Voice-এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পরে to বসে।
- যখন active sentence এ bare infinitive (to ছাড়া infinitive) থাকে, passive এ সেটি full infinitive (to সহ) হয়ে যায়।

অন্যগুলো ভুল:
ক) He is heard to play the piano by me. → tense ভুল (active বাক্যটি past tense ছিল)।

খ) He was heard to playing the piano by me. → ভুল verb form।

গ) He was heard play the piano by me. → passive-এ to বসাতে হয়।

৩৯.

Which is the correct passive voice for: "They were playing football"?

ক
Football was played by them.
খ
Football is being played by them.
গ
Football had been played by them.
ঘ
Football was being played by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Football was being played by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Football was being played by them.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct Answer: Football was being played by them.

Active Voice: They were playing football.
এই বাক্যটি Past Continuous Tense এ রচিত।
Past Continuous Tense এর গঠন:
- Active: Subject + was/were + verb+ing + object
- Passive: Object + was/were + being + past participle + by + subject

Passive Voice এ রূপান্তর:
- Subject: They → by them
- Object: football → Football (subject হয়ে গেল)
- Verb: were playing → was being played
- যেহেতু original sentence "were playing" (Past Continuous) তে আছে, তাই passive voice হবে "was being played"।
সুতরাং সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ) Football was being played by them.

অন্যান্য অপশনের ব্যাখ্যা:
ক) Football was played by them. - Simple Past এর passive (কিন্তু original continuous).
খ) Football is being played by them. - Present Continuous এর passive (কিন্তু original past).
গ) Football had been played by them. - Past Perfect এর passive (কিন্তু original past continuous).

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

৪০.

The company is going to launch a new product. (Make it passive)

ক
A new product is going to be launched by the company.
খ
A new product are going to be launched by the company.
গ
A new product was going to be launched by the company.
ঘ
A new product is being to be launched by the company.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

A new product is going to be launched by the company.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

A new product is going to be launched by the company.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: The company is going to launch a new product.
• Passive Voice: A new product is going to be launched by the company.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪১.

The manager is going to approve the proposal. (make it passive)

ক
The proposal is being going to be approved by the manager.
খ
The proposal is gone to be approved by the manager.
গ
The proposal was going to be approved by the manager.
ঘ
The proposal is going to be approved by the manager.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The proposal is going to be approved by the manager.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The proposal is going to be approved by the manager.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: The manager is going to approve the proposal.
Passive Voice: The proposal is going to be approved by the manager.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪২.

We ought to obey our teacher. (make it passive)

ক
Our teacher ought to obeyed by us.
খ
Our teacher ought to be obeied by us.
গ
Our teacher ought to be obeyed by us.
ঘ
Our teacher are ought to be obeyed by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Our teacher ought to be obeyed by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Our teacher ought to be obeyed by us.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: We ought to obey our teacher.
Passive voice: Our teacher ought to be obeyed by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪৩.

Never reveal the secret. [passive]

ক
Let never the secret to be revealed.
খ
Don't reveal the secret.
গ
Let never the secret be revealed.
ঘ
Let never the secret to be reveal.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let never the secret be revealed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let never the secret be revealed.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure:
- প্রথমে Let Never বসে
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে
- be বসে
- মূল verb এর Past participle হয়।

তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let never a lie be told.

Active: Never reveal the secret.
Passive: Let never the secret be revealed.

৪৪.

Let me explain the rules. (make it passive)

ক
Let the rules are explained by me.
খ
Let the rules been explained by me.
গ
Let the rules be explained by me.
ঘ
Let the rules being explained by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the rules be explained by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the rules be explained by me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Let যুক্ত Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: Let me explain the rules.
• Passive Voice: Let the rules be explained by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪৫.

I know that we have to submit the report. (Make it passive)

ক
It is known to me that we have to submit the report.
খ
That we have to submit the report is known to me.
গ
That the report has to be submitted to us is known to me.
ঘ
It is known to me that the report has to be submitted by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

It is known to me that the report has to be submitted by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

It is known to me that the report has to be submitted by us.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Complex এবং compound sentence-যুক্ত Active voice-কে passive-এ পরিণত করার সময় উভয় clause-এর voice পরিবর্তন করা হয়।

- প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি একটি complex sentence.

- তাই এর passive করবার ক্ষেত্রে উভয় clause-এর voice পরিবর্তন করতে হবে।

• have to / has to যুক্ত বাক্যকে কে passive করতে হলে
- Active voice এর object + have to be/has to be + verb এর(past participle) + by + subject এর object.

- known এর পর Passive Voice এ to ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Active Voice: I know that we have to submit the report.
Passive Voice: It is known to me that the report has to be submitted by us. / That the report has to be submitted by us is known to me.

৪৬.

The door was opened. (Active)

ক
Someone has opened the door.
খ
Someone opened the door.
গ
The door opened.
ঘ
Someone open the door.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Someone opened the door.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Someone opened the door.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• অনির্দিষ্ট যে কারো দ্বারা কাজটি সম্পাদিত হলে Subject someone/somebody
বসাতে হবে।

• প্রথমে subject হিসেবে Someone বসাতে হবে।
- তারপর was বাদ দিতে হবে।
- মূল verb কে past tense এ বসাতে হবে।
- Subject টি Object হবে।

Passive: The door was opened.
Active: Someone opened the door.

৪৭.

Please do not enter the room. (Make it passive)

ক
You are requested not to enter the room.
খ
You are requested to enter the room.
গ
Entering the room is not allowed.
ঘ
You are not requested to enter the room.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

You are requested not to enter the room.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

You are requested not to enter the room.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• 'Please' যুক্ত Imperative sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Please/ kindly এর পরিবর্তে Passive Voice- এ 'You are requested to' বসে।
- Negative sentence- এ to এর পূর্বে not বসে।
- Principal verb থেকে বাকি অংশ বসে।
- Active voice টি Present Tense- এ রয়েছে তাই Passive Voice এ 'Present Tense' হয়েছে।

• Active voice: Please do not enter the room.
• Passive voice: You are requested not to enter the room.

Source: Applied English Grammar and Composition by P. C. Das.

৪৮.

They were flying kites. (make it passive)

ক
Kites were being flown by them.
খ
Kites were being flew by them.
গ
Kites were been flown by them.
ঘ
They were being flown by kites.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Kites were being flown by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Kites were being flown by them.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Structure: Object এর subject + Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being + মূল verb এর past participle form + by + Subject এর object.

• Active voice: They were flying kites.
• Passive voice: Kites were being flown by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৪৯.

He was seen ______ (go) by us.

ক
to be gone
খ
go
গ
to going
ঘ
to go

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

to go

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

to go

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Correct answer: He was seen to go by us.
- প্রদত্ত sentence টি passive আকারে আছে।

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫০.

I saw him cross the road. (make it passive)

ক
He was seen to be crossed the road by me.
খ
He was seen to be cross the road by me.
গ
He was seen cross the road by me.
ঘ
He was seen to cross the road by me.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was seen to cross the road by me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was seen to cross the road by me.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: I saw him cross the road.
• Passive Voice: He was seen to cross the road by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫১.

Who painted this picture? (Make it passive)

ক
By whom is this picture painted?
খ
By whom was this picture painted?
গ
By whom has this picture been painted?
ঘ
By whom has this picture painted?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom was this picture painted?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom was this picture painted?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Who painted this picture?
Passive: By whom was this picture painted?
- প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি "Past Indefinite Tense" এর হওয়ায় এখানে was এর পর মূল Verb এর Past Participle হয়েছে।

• Who দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া interrogative sentence কে passive করতে হলে:
- Who এর স্থানে By whom বসে।
- এরপর বাক্যটির tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary/ be verb/model verb বসে।
- তারপর subject বসে।
- Model verb এর ক্ষেত্রে Model verb + Subject+ be + মূল Verb এর Past participle বসে।
- এবং অন্যক্ষেত্রে Auxiliary verb +Subject+ মূল Verb এর Past participle বসে।
- এবং সবশেষে object বসবে।
- Structure: By whom + auxiliary verb/modal verb + Subject + verb এর past participle রূপ + object.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫২.

We ought to obey our parents. (passive)

ক
Our parents ought to being obeyed by us.
খ
Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.
গ
Our parents ought to be obey by us.
ঘ
Our parents ought to obeyed by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - খ) Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.

Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- যখন Active Voice-এ may, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to ব্যবহৃত হয়, তখন Passive Voice করতে হলে এগুলোর পরে be বসে।
- এরপর মূল verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

Structure:
Object (Subject form) + may/might/can/could/must/ought to/going to + be + মূল verb-এর Past Participle + by + Subject (Objective form)।

Examples:
Active: I may help you.
Passive: You may be helped by me.

Active: You must do the work.
Passive: The work must be done by you.

Active: We ought to obey our parents.
Passive: Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.

Active: They are going to open a bank.
Passive: A bank is going to be opened by them.

Other options
ক) Our parents ought to being obeyed by us.
এখানে being ভুল ব্যবহার হয়েছে; passive এ “to be + past participle” ব্যবহার হয়।

গ) Our parents ought to be obey by us.
এখানে obey base form আছে; passive-এ past participle (obeyed) প্রয়োজন।

ঘ) Our parents ought to obeyed by us.
এখানে to obeyed ভুল ফর্ম; “to be obeyed” হওয়া উচিত।

৫৩.

His behavior surprised me. The passive form is-

ক
I am surprised at his behavior
খ
I was surprised with his behavior
গ
I had been surprised with his behavior
ঘ
I was surprised at his behavior

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was surprised at his behavior

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

I was surprised at his behavior

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Indefinite Tense যুক্ত Active Sentence কে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টিr Subjective form বসবে।
- was/were বসবে।
- verb এর past participle form বসবে।
- by বসবে।
- Active voice এর subject টির objective form বসবে।
- কিন্তু এখানে surprised থাকায় 'by' এর পরিবর্তে 'at' বসবে।

অতএব উপরের নিয়ম অনুসারে সঠিক Passive form হলো- I was surprised at his behavior.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫৪.

He killed himself. (Make it passive)

ক
Himself was killed by him.
খ
He himself was killed by him.
গ
He was killed himself.
ঘ
He was killed by himself.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was killed by himself.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was killed by himself.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
• Reflexive object গুলো হচ্ছে - himself, myself, themself, ourself etc.

• Structure:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় Passive voice এর Subject হিসাবে প্রথমে বসে + tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb এর past participle form বসে + by বসে + Reflexive object টি বসে।

• Active: He killed himself.
• Passive: He was killed by himself.

৫৫.

He told me what he knew. (Passive)

ক
I was told what he known by him.
খ
What he knew told me by him.
গ
What he knew was told me by him.
ঘ
He was told me what he knew.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

What he knew was told me by him.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

What he knew was told me by him.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - গ) What he knew was told me by him.

Passive Voice of Complex Sentence:
- Complex sentence এ একটি clause একটি subject বা object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- সুতরাং active এর object যদি একটি clause হয় তাহলে passive - এর subject হিসেবে ঐ clauseটি ব্যবহৃত হবে।
- কিংবা active - এর subject কোন clause হলে passive-এর object হিসেবে তা ব্যবহৃত হয়। clause এর মধ্যকার verb এর কোন পরিবর্তন হবে না।

Examples:
Act: He showed me what he had made.
Pass: What he had made was shown me by him.

Act: I know what he thinks.
Pass: What he thinks is known to me.

Act: She said what she knew.
Pass: What she knew was said by her.

Act: We will explain why we want to do it.
Pass: Why we want to do it will be explained by us.

Act: What he has done will save his family.
Pass: His family will be saved by what he has done.

Other options
ক) I was told what he known by him. → structure ভুল।
খ) What he knew told me by him. → verb structure ভুল।
ঘ) He was told me what he knew. → subject এবং passive structure ভুল।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

৫৬.

They might announce the result tomorrow. (Make it passive)

ক
The result might been announced tomorrow by them.
খ
The result might being announced tomorrow by them.
গ
The result might be announced tomorrow by them.
ঘ
The result might announced tomorrow by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The result might be announced tomorrow by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The result might be announced tomorrow by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: They might announce the result tomorrow.
• Passive voice: The result might be announced tomorrow by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫৭.

She is going to submit her assignment. (make it passive)

ক
Her assignment is going to submitted by her.
খ
Her assignment is going to be submitted by her.
গ
Her assignment is going to been submitted by her.
ঘ
Her assignment is going to being submitted by her.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Her assignment is going to be submitted by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Her assignment is going to be submitted by her.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active Voice: She is going to submit her assignment.
• Passive Voice: Her assignment is going to be submitted by her.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫৮.

Who is calling me? (Make it passive)

ক
By whom am I been called?
খ
By whom were I being called?
গ
By whom have I being called?
ঘ
By whom am I being called?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom am I being called?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom am I being called?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এর রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু হবে।
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- অনেক সময় be/ being/ been বসাতে হয়।
- মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Question mark (?) হয়।

- Active voice: Who is calling me?
- Passive voice: By whom am I being called?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৫৯.

People say that laughter is the best medicine. (Passive)

ক
It is said by people that laughter is the best medicine.
খ
It is said so that laughter is the best medicine.
গ
It is said laughter that is the best medicine.
ঘ
It is said that laughter is the best medicine.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

It is said that laughter is the best medicine.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

It is said that laughter is the best medicine.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Compound Sentence এবং Complex Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এর উভয় clause-কে একই voice-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
- Active Voice People say দিয়ে শুরু হলে passive voice It is said দিয়ে শুরু করা হয়।

• Active voice এ people + stative verb (know, think, understand, know, find, say, etc) + that + clause থাকলে, passive করার নিয়ম হচ্ছে -
- It is /was (tense অনুযায়ী) + said + that + বাকি clause (যা আছে তাই) টি।

যেমন:
• Active: People say that teamwork makes the dream work.
• Passive: It is said that teamwork makes the dream work.

• Active: People say that failure is a stepping stone to success.
• Passive: It is said that failure is a stepping stone to success.

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: People say that laughter is the best medicine.
Passive: It is said that laughter is the best medicine.

৬০.

Never tell a lie. (Make it passive)

ক
Let not a lie been told.
খ
Let never be told a lie
গ
Let never a lie be told.
ঘ
Let never a lie be told ever.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let never a lie be told.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let never a lie be told.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Never যুক্ত Imperative sentence কে Passive করার নিয়ম:
- Passive voice এর প্রথমে Let + never বসে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।

Active voice: Never tell a lie.
Passive voice: Let never a lie be told.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৬১.

Do not waste your time. (Passive)

ক
Let not your time being wasted.
খ
Let not your time be wasted.
গ
Let not your time to be wasted.
ঘ
Let not waste time.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not your time be wasted.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Let not your time be wasted.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে
- be বসে
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

Active: Do not hate the poor.
Passive: Let not the poor be hated.

Active: Do not waste your time.
Passive: Let not your time be wasted.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৬২.

The teacher is going to announce the results tomorrow. (make it passive)

ক
The results are being going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.
খ
The results are gone to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.
গ
The results was going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.
ঘ
The results are going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The results are going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The results are going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active Voice: The teacher is going to announce the results tomorrow.
• Passive Voice: The results are going to be announced by the teacher tomorrow.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৬৩.

The correct passive form of "They were watching a movie." is -

ক
A movie is being watched by them.
খ
A movie watched by them.
গ
A movie was being watched by them.
ঘ
A movie was been watched by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A movie was being watched by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A movie was being watched by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Continuous Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Object টির subjective form + was being/were being + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject এর objective form.

সুতরাং,
Active Voice: They were watching a movie.
Passive Voice: A movie was being watched by them.

৬৪.

She decided to finish the work. (make it passive)

ক
She decided that the work is being finished.
খ
She decided that the work should be finished.
গ
She decided that the work to be finished.
ঘ
She decided that the work has to be finished.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

She decided that the work should be finished.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

She decided that the work should be finished.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত Sentence কে Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

• Active voice: She decided to finish the work.
• Passive voice: She decided that the work should be finished.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৬৫.

My teacher embodies all the good qualities. (Make it passive)

ক
All the good qualities are embodied by my teacher.
খ
All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.
গ
All the good qualities are embodied to my teacher.
ঘ
All the good qualities are embodied on my teacher.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice থেকে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার প্রক্রিয়া:
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়ে যায়।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject এ রূপান্তর হয়।
- মূল verb এর past participle হয় এবং subject ও tense অনুসারে auxiliary verb/ be verb হয়।

• সাধারণত, আমরা জানি passive voice এ obj. এর পূর্বে by বসে।
- তবে কখনো কখনো অন্যান্য preposition ও ব্যবহৃত হয়ে থাকে।
- কিছু verb আছে যেগুলোর পরে passive এ in বসে।- যেমন: Embody, Contain, Include ইত্যাদি।

• Present indefinite tense কে passive voice করতে হলে am/ is/ are + মূল verb এর past participle ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• সুতরাং, নিয়ম অনুসারে,
- Active voice: My teacher embodies all the good qualities.
- Passive voice: All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.

৬৬.

They are going to build a school. (Make it passive.)

ক
A school is going to built by them.
খ
A school is going to be built by them.
গ
A school was going to built by them.
ঘ
A school going to be built by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A school is going to be built by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

A school is going to be built by them.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: They are going to build a school.
• Passive Voice: A school is going to be built by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৬৭.

Never waste time. (Passive)

ক
Let time be wasted never.
খ
Let never time to waste.
গ
Let never time to be wasted.
ঘ
Let never time be wasted.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let never time be wasted.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Let never time be wasted.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Never waste time.
Passive: Let never time be wasted.

• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure:
- প্রথমে Let Never বসে
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে
- be বসে
- মূল verb এর Past participle হয়।

তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let never a lie be told.

Active: Never ignore the truth.
Passive: Let never the truth be ignored.

৬৮.

Choose the correct passive voice:
Someone broke the window.

ক
The window is broken by someone.
খ
The window was broken by someone.
গ
The window has been broken by someone.
ঘ
The window had been broken by someone.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The window was broken by someone.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The window was broken by someone.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - খ) The window was broken by someone.
- মূল বাক্যটি Simple Past Tense-এ আছে: "Someone broke the window." (কেউ জানালাটি ভেঙেছিল।)

• Simple Past Tense-এর Passive Voice করতে হলে গঠনটি হলো:
- Subject (কর্ম) + was/were + V3 (Past Participle) + by + agent (কর্তা, ঐচ্ছিক)
- এখানে "broke" (ভেঙেছিল)-এর Past Participle হলো "broken"।
- যেহেতু "window" একটি singular noun, তাই "was broken" ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে।
- "By someone" কর্তা হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে।

Other options:
ক) "Is broken" – Present Simple Passive, কিন্তু মূল বাক্য Past Tense-এ আছে।
গ) "Has been broken" – Present Perfect Passive, যা বোঝায় কাজটি সম্প্রতি শেষ হয়েছে এবং তার বর্তমান প্রভাব আছে। কিন্তু এখানে সাধারণ অতীতের ঘটনা বোঝানো হয়েছে।
ঘ) "Had been broken" – Past Perfect Passive, যা অতীতে একটি কাজের আগে অন্য কাজ শেষ হওয়া বোঝায়। কিন্তু এখানে শুধু একটি সাধারণ অতীতের ঘটনা বলা হয়েছে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

৬৯.

The committee nominated her president. (make it passive)

ক
She is nominated president by the committee.
খ
Her president was nominated by the committee.
গ
Her president is nominated by the committee.
ঘ
She was nominated president by the committee.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was nominated president by the committee.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was nominated president by the committee.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: The committee nominated her president.
Passive: She was nominated president by the committee.
- উক্ত Active Voice এর বাক্যটি একটি Factitive object যুক্ত বাক্য।

• কিছু Transitive Verb এর একটি সরাসরি কর্ম থাকা সত্ত্বেও বাক্যটি সম্পূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করে না। Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।

• Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টি Subject +
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে +
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে +
- Factitive object টি বসে +
- by বসে +
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৭০.

The active form of the sentence:
By whom was the letter written?

ক
The letter was written by who?
খ
Who has written the letter?
গ
By who the letter was written?
ঘ
Who wrote the letter?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Who wrote the letter?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Who wrote the letter?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

- Passive: By whom was the letter written?
- Active: Who wrote the letter?

• By whom যুক্ত Passive Voice-কে Active Voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Subject হিসেবে Who বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
- Passive Voice -এর Subject - Object হয়ে বসবে।

• More examples:
- Passive: By whom was the book written?
- Active: Who wrote the book?

- Passive: By whom was the decision made?
- Active: Who made the decision?

৭১.

Bring a glass of water for me. (Change the voice)

ক
Let a glass of water been brought for me.
খ
Let a glass of water being brought for me.
গ
Let a glass of water be brought for me.
ঘ
Let a glass of water be bought for me.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let a glass of water be brought for me.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let a glass of water be brought for me.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: Let a glass of water be brought for me.
- Imperative sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের ক্ষেত্রে শুরুতেই "Let" বসে।

• Imperative sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- for বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৭২.

Don’t neglect your duties. (Change the voice.)

ক
Let your duties not be neglected.
খ
Let your duties be neglected.
গ
Let not your duties be neglected.
ঘ
Let not your duties neglected.
ঙ
None

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let not your duties be neglected.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let not your duties be neglected.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Imperative Sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:

এক্ষেত্রে,
• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Objectটি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

সে অনুসারে,
Active Voice: Don’t neglect your duties.
Passive Voice: Let not your duties be neglected.

৭৩.

The people of Grameen bank offered Feroza the responsibility of teaching the children.

ক
The responsibility of teaching the children was offered to Feroza by the people of Grameen Bank.
খ
Teaching the children was offered to Feroza the responsibility of by the people of Grameen Bank.
গ
The children were offered Feroza the responsibility of teaching by the people of Grameen Bank.
ঘ
Feroza the responsibility of teaching the children was offered by the people of Grameen Bank.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The responsibility of teaching the children was offered to Feroza by the people of Grameen Bank.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The responsibility of teaching the children was offered to Feroza by the people of Grameen Bank.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Double Object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- দুটি Object এর যে কোন একটিকে Passive voice এর Subject করতে হবে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- ২য় Object ব্যক্তিবাচক হলে তার আগে to বসে।
- তারপর বাকি Object টি বসে।
- by বসে।
- active voice এর Subject টি Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active: The people of Grameen Bank offered Feroza the responsibility of teaching the children.
Passive: The responsibility of teaching the children was offered to Feroza by the people of Grameen Bank.
Or, Feroza was offered the responsibility of teaching the children by the people of Grameen Bank.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৭৪.

What is the passive voice of: Who is calling me?

ক
By whom am I being called?
খ
By whom I am being called?
গ
By who am I called?
ঘ
Who am I being called?

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

By whom am I being called?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

By whom am I being called?

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

Answer: ক) By whom am I being called?

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে+ (ii) Tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে + (iii) Object টি Subject হয় + (iv) অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/ being/been বসাতে হয় + ( v) মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে+ (vi) প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

- Active voice: Who is calling me?
- Passive voice: By whom am I being called?

• More example:
- Active voice: Who has broken the glasses?
- Passive voice: By whom have the glasses been broken?

Source: Advance Learner’s English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

৭৫.

Panic seized the boy. [Passive]

ক
The boy was seized to panic.
খ
The boy was seized on panic.
গ
The boy was being seized with panic.
ঘ
The boy was seized with panic.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The boy was seized with panic.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The boy was seized with panic.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Panic seized the boy.
Passive: The boy was seized with panic.

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:

• Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
• Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
• তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
• Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
• তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

- Passive Voice – Seized এর পর by না বসে with বসে।

৭৬.

Mr. Asif teaches us Math. (Make it Passive)

ক
By Mr. Asif we are taught Math.
খ
Math is taught to us by Mr. Asif
গ
We are taught Math by Mr. Asif.
ঘ
Both B & C

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Both B & C

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Both B & C

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Mr. Asif teaches us Math. - প্রদত্ত বাক্যে দুইটি object রয়েছে - us and Math.
- এর voice change দুইভাবে করা সম্ভব -
- We are taught Math by Mr. Asif.
- Math is taught to us by Mr. Asif

• Active voice এ double object থাকলে passive করার নিয়ম:
- দুটি object- এর যেকোনটি subject হিসেবে নেয়া হয় (ব্যক্তিবাচক object-টি পরিবর্তন করা ভাল),
- Tense এবং person-অনুসারে Auxiliary verb,
- Verb-এর past participle,
- অন্য object,
- by,
- active voice-এর subject-টি object হিসেবে লেখা হয়।

- যেহেতু প্রশ্নে দুটিই রয়েছে, তাই দুটিই সঠিক উত্তর।

৭৭.

The correct passive form of the sentence- Who has killed the bird?

ক
Who has been killed the bird ?
খ
By whom has the bird killed?
গ
By whom has the bird been killed?
ঘ
Who has the bird been killed ?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom has the bird been killed?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

By whom has the bird been killed?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Who has killed the bird?
Passive Voice: By whom has the bird been killed ?

Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
-Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
-Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়।
-Object টি Subject হয়।
-Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয়।
-মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
-সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

সুতরাং নিয়মানুযায়ী The correct answer is: By whom has this bird been killed?

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

৭৮.

Never disturb the students. (make it passive)

ক
Let not the students ever be disturbed.
খ
Never the students be disturbed.
গ
Let the students never disturbed.
ঘ
Let never be disturbed the students.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Let not the students ever be disturbed.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

Let not the students ever be disturbed.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure:
- প্রথমে Let Never/Let not বসে,
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে,
- be/ever be বসে,
- মূল verb এর Past participle হয়।

• Structure:
1. Let not + Object + ever be + V3.
2. Let never + Object + be + V3.

• Active voice: Never disturb the students.
• Passive voice: Let not the students ever be disturbed.

৭৯.

Clean the table. (passive)

ক
Let the table cleaned.
খ
Let the table to be cleaned.
গ
Let the table be cleaned.
ঘ
Let be the table be cleaned.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the table be cleaned.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Let the table be cleaned.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

৮০.

The teacher made the students write the report. (make it passive)

ক
The students were made to written the report by the teacher.
খ
The students were made writing the report by the teacher.
গ
The students were made written the report by the teacher.
ঘ
The students were made to write the report by the teacher.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The students were made to write the report by the teacher.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The students were made to write the report by the teacher.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active Voice: The teacher made the students write the report.
• Passive Voice: The students were made to write the report by the teacher.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৮১.

We are going to organize the event. (make it passive)

ক
The event is going to be organized by us.
খ
The event is to be organized by us.
গ
The event are going to be organized by us.
ঘ
The event is going to being organized by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The event is going to be organized by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The event is going to be organized by us.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: We are going to organize the event.
Passive Voice: The event is going to be organized by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৮২.

The artist painted a beautiful landscape. (Make it passive)

ক
A beautiful landscape was be painted by the artist.
খ
A beautiful landscape was being painted by the artist.
গ
A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.
ঘ
A beautiful landscape painted by the artist.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:

- Object টির subject form +

- was/were +

- মূল verb এর past participle +

- by +

- subject টির objective form বসে।

Active Voice: The artist painted a beautiful landscape.

Passive Voice: A beautiful landscape was painted by the artist.

৮৩.

Identify the passive form of the following sentence:
"Who has rearranged the furniture in the living room?"

ক
By whom has the furniture in the living room rearranged?
খ
By whom has the furniture in the living room been rearranged?
গ
Whom has the furniture in the living room been rearranged?
ঘ
By whom has the furniture in the living room being rearranged?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom has the furniture in the living room been rearranged?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

By whom has the furniture in the living room been rearranged?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: Who has rearranged the furniture in the living room?
Passive Voice: By whom has the furniture in the living room been rearranged?

- Who দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে passive voice এর শুরুতে By whom, তারপর একটি auxiliary verb তারপর sentence এর subject বসে।
- Auxiliary verb টি subject এর number ও person অনুযায়ী হয়।
- Interrogative বাক্যের passive voice interrogative বাক্যই হয়।

More example:
Active Voice: Who has misplaced the key?
Passive Voice: By whom has the key been misplaced?

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain.

৮৪.

He will return the money next week.(Make it Passive)

ক
The money will return by him next week.
খ
The money will be returned by him next week.
গ
He will be returned the money next week.
ঘ
The money has been returned by him next week.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The money will be returned by him next week.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The money will be returned by him next week.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: The money will be returned by him next week.
- Future Indefinite Tense এর Voice Change এর ক্ষেত্রে shall be /will be এর পর Verb এর past Participle বসিয়ে passive voice করতে হয়।

Future Indefinite Tense এর Voice Change এর নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object Passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Auxiliary verb হিসেবে shall be/will be বসবে
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসবে
- তারপর by+ active voice এর subject এর Object form বসবে.

ক) The money will return to him next week.
- Future Indefinite Tense এর Voice Change এর ক্ষেত্রে shall be /will be এর পর Verb এর past Participle বসিয়ে passive voice করতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

গ) He will be returned the money next week.
- Voice Change এর ক্ষেত্রে active voice এর Object কে Passive voice এর Subject এ পরিণত করতে হয়।তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) The money has been returned by him next week.
- Future Indefinite Tense এর Voice Change এর ক্ষেত্রে shall be /will be এর পর Verb এর past Participle বসিয়ে passive voice করতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.

৮৫.

Whom do you help? (Change into active voice)

ক
Whom is helped by you?
খ
Who is helped by you?
গ
By whom is helped by you?
ঘ
Who has been helped by you?

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who is helped by you?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

Who is helped by you?

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: Who is helped by you?

Whom যুক্ত interrogative sentence-এর Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
-প্রথমে Whom-এর পরিবর্তে Who বসাতে হবে।
- বাক্যের Subject এবং Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- শেষে by যোগ করে Active Voice-এর Subject-এর Object Form যোগ করতে হবে।
- বাক্যটি Question Mark (?) দিয়ে শেষ করতে হবে।
- Structure: Who + auxiliary verb (tense অনুযায়ী) + verb-এর past participle + by+ object +"?" mark.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain

৮৬.

Do you understand the instructions? [Passive]

ক
Were the instructions understood by you?
খ
Did the instructions understood by you?
গ
Are the instructions understood by you?
ঘ
Are the instructions understand by you?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Are the instructions understood by you?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Are the instructions understood by you?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Do you understand the instructions?
Passive: Are the instructions understood by you?

• Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb,
- মূল verb এর past participle,
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to ,in) বসে।
- আর known এর পর preposition to ব্যবহৃত হয়।

৮৭.

Make it passive: Do they know the rules?

ক
Are the rule known to them?
খ
Are the rules know to them?
গ
Are the rules known to them?
ঘ
Are the rules being known to them?

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Are the rules known to them?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

Are the rules known to them?

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Do they know the rules?
Passive: Are the rules known to them?

বিকল্পগুলো:

ক) Are the rule known to them? → singular rule ব্যবহার হয়েছে, ভুল।
খ) Are the rules know to them? → know past participle নয়, ভুল।
ঘ) Are the rules being known to them? → continuous passive, এখানে প্রয়োজন নেই → ভুল।

৮৮.

Which one is the correct passive sentence? He made me buy the book.

ক
I was made buying the book.
খ
I was made to buy the book.
গ
The book was bought by him.
ঘ
I was bought the book by him.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

I was made to buy the book.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

I was made to buy the book.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Need, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold, watch ইত্যাদি verb গুলোর পর Active voice এর উহ্য থাকে।
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পর 'to' বসে।

Active: He made me buy the book.
Passive: I was made to buy the book.

- এখানে Active voice এ 'made' থাকায় passive করার সময় 'to' বসবে।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition.

৮৯.

The letters were delivered by the postman yesterday. (Make it active)

ক
The postman delivered the letters yesterday.
খ
The postman has delivered the letters yesterday.
গ
The letters delivered by the postman yesterday.
ঘ
The postman was delivering the letters yesterday.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The postman delivered the letters yesterday.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

The postman delivered the letters yesterday.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এ Passive voice এর object টি subject হিসেবে বসবে।
- Active voice এর verb টি tense অনুযায়ী ব্যবহার হবে। (Passive এর verb: were delivered, Active এর verb: delivered হবে।)
- Passive voice এর subject (the letters) টি Active voice এ object হবে।
- Sentence এ অতিরিক্ত শব্দ/ structure পরিবর্তন করতে হবে না।

• Passive voice: The letters were delivered by the postman yesterday.
• Active voice: The postman delivered the letters yesterday.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯০.

She made him laugh. (make it passive)

ক
He was made to be laugh by her.
খ
He was made to laughed by her.
গ
He was made to being laugh by her.
ঘ
He was made to laugh by her.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was made to laugh by her.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

He was made to laugh by her.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: She made him laugh.
Passive Voice: He was made to laugh by her.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯১.

The house was built in 1990. (Change the voice)

ক
The builders were built the house in 1990.
খ
The builders built the house in 1990.
গ
The builders was built the house in 1990.
ঘ
The builders being built the house in 1990.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The builders built the house in 1990.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The builders built the house in 1990.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকলে Passive Voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:

• Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকে এবং verb টি যদি পেশা বা নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর সাথে Related কাজ হয় তাহলে ঐ পেশা জীবী বা ঐ নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর নাম Subject হিসেবে বসাতে হবে।

যেমন:
• Passive: Water was irrigated.
Active: Farmers irrigated water.

• Rome was not built in a day.
- The Romans did not build Rome in a day.

• She was born in 1996.
Active: Her mother bore her in 1996.

Passive: The house was built in 1990.
Active: The builders built the house in 1990.

Source: Live MCQ English Wizard.

৯২.

The manager decided to hold a meeting. (make it passive)

ক
The manager decided that a meeting should held.
খ
The manager decided that a meeting should be held.
গ
The manager decided that a meeting should have held.
ঘ
The manager decided that a meeting should be hold.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The manager decided that a meeting should be held.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

The manager decided that a meeting should be held.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: The manager decided to hold a meeting.
Passive: The manager decided that a meeting should be held.

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত Sentence কে Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৩.

They made her team leader. (Passive)

ক
She was made team leader by them.
খ
She made team leader by them.
গ
Team leader was made her by them.
ঘ
She is made team leader by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

She was made team leader by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ক

She was made team leader by them.

ক

ব্যাখ্যা

• Factitive object:
- Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না।
- পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়।
- এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।

• Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি (me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টির Subject,
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে,
- Factitive object টি বসে,
- by বসে,
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

Active voice: They made her team leader.
Passive Voice: She was made team leader by them.

৯৪.

We are anxious to complete the project on time. (make it passive)

ক
We are anxious that the project has to be completed on time.
খ
We are anxious that the project should be completed on time.
গ
The project should be completed on time by us.
ঘ
We should be completed the project on time.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

We are anxious that the project should be completed on time.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

We are anxious that the project should be completed on time.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree / be anxious / arrange / determine / be determined / decide / demand + infinitive object যুক্ত Sentence কে Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

• Active voice: We are anxious to complete the project on time.
• Passive voice: We are anxious that the project should be completed on time.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৫.

We ought to follow the rules strictly. (Make it passive)

ক
The rules ought to followed strictly by us.
খ
The rules ought to be follow strictly by us.
গ
The rules are ought to be followed strictly by us.
ঘ
The rules ought to be followed strictly by us.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The rules ought to be followed strictly by us.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

The rules ought to be followed strictly by us.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: We ought to follow the rules strictly.
• Passive voice: The rules ought to be followed strictly by us.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৬.

Who solved the problem? (make it passive)

ক
By whom has the problem solved?
খ
By whom were the problem solved?
গ
By whom have the problem solved?
ঘ
By whom was the problem solved?

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom was the problem solved?

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

By whom was the problem solved?

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Who solved the problem?
Passive: By whom was the problem solved?
- Active voice-টি Past Indefinite Tense-এ আছে তাই এখানে was এর পর মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

• Who যুক্ত Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময়-
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে।
- Object টির Subject রূপ বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
- Structure: By whom + was/were + object + verb-এর P.P?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৭.

She was anxious to meet her favorite author. (make it passive)

ক
She was anxious that her favorite author should be meet.
খ
She was anxious that her favorite author was met.
গ
She was anxious that her favorite author had met.
ঘ
She was anxious that her favorite author should be met.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was anxious that her favorite author should be met.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

She was anxious that her favorite author should be met.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree / be anxious / arrange / determine / be determined / decide / demand + infinitive object যুক্ত sentence কে active voice কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

• Active voice: She was anxious to meet her favorite author.
• Passive voice: She was anxious that her favorite author should be met.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

৯৮.

The students were taking notes. (Make it passive)

ক
Notes were been taken by the students.
খ
Notes were taken by the students.
গ
Notes being taken by the students.
ঘ
Notes were being taken by the students.

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Notes were being taken by the students.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ

Notes were being taken by the students.

ঘ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Past Continuous Tense এর Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:

- Object টির subjective form + was being/were being + মূল verb এর past participle + by + subject এর objective form.

সুতরাং,

Active Voice: The students were taking notes.

Passive Voice: Notes were being taken by the students.

৯৯.

People say that practice makes perfect. (Change the voice)

ক
It is said by the people practice makes perfect.
খ
It is said that practice makes perfect.
গ
It is said that it is practice makes perfect.
ঘ
It is said by the people that practice makes perfect.

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

It is said that practice makes perfect.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: খ

It is said that practice makes perfect.

খ

ব্যাখ্যা

• Compound Sentence এবং Complex Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এর উভয় clause-কে একই voice-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
- Active Voice People say দিয়ে শুরু হলে passive voice It is said দিয়ে শুরু করা হয়।

• Active voice এ people + stative verb (know, think, understand, know, find, say, etc) + that + clause থাকলে, passive করার নিয়ম হচ্ছে -
- It is /was (tense অনুযায়ী) + said + that + বাকি clause (যা আছে তাই) টি।

যেমন:
• Active: People say that teamwork makes the dream work.
• Passive: It is said that teamwork makes the dream work.

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,

Active: People say that practice makes perfect.
Passive: It is said that practice makes perfect.

১০০.

They could solve the problem. (passive)

ক
The problem could solved by them.
খ
The problem can be solved by them.
গ
The problem could be solved by them.
ঘ
The problem could be solving by them.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The problem could be solved by them.

উত্তর

সঠিক উত্তর: গ

The problem could be solved by them.

গ

ব্যাখ্যা

The correct sentence is - গ) The problem could be solved by them.
Act: They could solve the problem.
Pass: The problem could be solved by them.

PASSIVE VOICE OF VERBS PRECEDED BY Can, may, should, would etc.
- Verb এর আগে auxiliary verb হিসাবে can, could, should, would, must ইত্যাদি থাকলে শুধু verb অংশের passive গঠনটি হবে can/could/should/would/must+be+V(p.p.)

Examples:
Act: I can do it.
Pass: It can be done by me.

Act: You must eat the mango.
Pass: The mango must be eaten by you.

Act: He would sing good songs in his boyhood.
Pass: Good songs would be sung by him in his boyhood.

Act: She should love her husband.
Pass: Her husband should be loved by her.

Act: They may use this tubewell.
Pass: This tubewell may be used by them.

Act: Man can eat everything.
Pass: Everything can be eaten by man.

Other options
ক) The problem could solved by them.
- বাক্যটি ভুল; "could" এর পরে "be" থাকা বাধ্যতামূলক।

খ) The problem can be solved by them.
- "can" এবং "could" আলাদা modal।

ঘ) The problem could be solving by them.
- বাক্যটি ভুল; "solving" continuous form, যা modal passive এ ব্যবহৃত হয় না।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.