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স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য)

মোট প্রশ্ন৪,২৮৫এই পাতা১০০প্রতি পাতা১০০
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য)

PrepBank · পাতা ১৩ / ৪৩ · ১,২০১১,৩০০ / ৪,২৮৫

১,২০১.
Which one is an organic mental disorder?
  1. ক) Schizophrenia
  2. খ) Sexual dysfunction
  3. গ) Delirium
  4. ঘ) Autism
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Delirium
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Delirium
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Organic mental disorders: Dementias, Delirium Other mental disorders due to brain damage or disease
১,২০২.
Which is not an alarm feature of dyspepsia?
  1. Anaemia
  2. Age over 55 years
  3. Haematemesis
  4. Palpable abdominal mass
সঠিক উত্তর:
Age over 55 years
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Age over 55 years
১,২০৩.
Pellagra occurs due to deficiency of which vitamin?
  1. ক) A
  2. খ) E
  3. গ) B1
  4. ঘ) B3
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) B3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) B3
১,২০৪.
Regarding goblet cells-
  1. ক) Produce mucus
  2. খ) Basal portion is broad
  3. গ) Nucleus is present towards the apex
  4. ঘ) Is an unicellular endocrine gland
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Produce mucus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Produce mucus
ব্যাখ্যা

-Basal portion is thin
-Nucleus is present towards the base
-Is an unicellular exocrine gland

১,২০৫.
Which one is a feature of depression?
  1. ক) Poor concentration
  2. খ) Suicidal thinking
  3. গ) Fear of impending disaster
  4. ঘ) Worry
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Suicidal thinking
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Suicidal thinking
১,২০৬.
Which one of the following is the feature of right heart failure?
  1. ক) Cardiomegaly
  2. খ) Pulmonary oedema
  3. গ) Hepatomegaly
  4. ঘ) Pleural effusion
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Hepatomegaly
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Hepatomegaly
১,২০৭.
Pulses of aortic regurgitation includes
  1. Bounding peripheral pulses
  2. Low diastolic and increased pulse pressure
  3. Large-volume or ‘collapsing’ pulse
  4. All are true
সঠিক উত্তর:
All are true
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
All are true
১,২০৮.
Bell's palsy associated with -
  1. Neurodegenerative disorder
  2. Herpes infection
  3. Frontal lobe infraction
  4. Thyroid tumor
সঠিক উত্তর:
Herpes infection
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Herpes infection
ব্যাখ্যা
Causes of Bell's palsy :
Idiopathic
Herpes zoster infection
Brainstem infraction
Tumor in the cerebello pontine angle
Acoustic neuroma
Parotid tumor
Fracture of petrous part of temporal bone
১,২০৯.
Normal position of uterus is:
  1. ক) Anteverted and anteflexed
  2. খ) Retroverted and retroflexed
  3. গ) Anteverted and retroflexed
  4. ঘ) Retroverted and anteflexed
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Anteverted and anteflexed
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Anteverted and anteflexed
ব্যাখ্যা
Normal position of uterus is Anteverted and anteflexed
১,২১০.
Characteristic of kala-azar
  1. ক) Intermittent fever
  2. খ) Skin pigmentation
  3. গ) Massive splsenomegaly
  4. ঘ) Bone marrow suppression
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Massive splsenomegaly
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Massive splsenomegaly
ব্যাখ্যা

In kala-azar
• Symptoms begin with intermittent fever, weakness, and weight loss.
• Massive enlargement of the spleen is characteristic.
• Hyperpigmentation of the skin is seen in light-skinned patients (kala-azar means black sickness).

১,২১১.
Vitamin D-
  1. Helps maintain cell membrane structure
  2. Improves immune function
  3. Affects DNA synthesis
  4. Helps in blood clotting
সঠিক উত্তর:
Improves immune function
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Improves immune function
১,২১২.
Fish oil contain ___________ fatty acid
  1. w3
  2. w6
  3. w9
  4. None of the above
সঠিক উত্তর:
w3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
w3
ব্যাখ্যা
Fish oil contain omega 3 fatty acid
১,২১৩.
Which is not compatible with PHP
  1. Hypocalcemia
  2. Hypercalcemia
  3. Increased ALP
  4. Increased PTH
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypocalcemia
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypocalcemia
১,২১৪.
The vertebral level where trachea begins
  1. ক) C5
  2. খ) C6
  3. গ) T4
  4. ঘ) T5
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) C6
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) C6
ব্যাখ্যা
The trachea is a tube composed of 16 to 20 U-shaped hyaline cartilages and the trachealis muscle. The trachea begins just inferior to the cricoid cartilage (C6 vertebral level) and ends at the sternal angle (T4 vertebral level), where it bifurcates into the right main bronchus and the left main bronchus. At the bifurcation of the trachea, the last tracheal cartilage forms the carina, which can be observed by bronchoscopy as a raised ridge of tissue in the sagittal plane.
১,২১৫.
Which type of tumour mainly follows heamtogenous spread?
  1. ক) Carcinoma
  2. খ) Sarcoma
  3. গ) Adenoma
  4. ঘ) Fibroma
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Sarcoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Sarcoma
ব্যাখ্যা

Dissemination of cancers may occur through one of three pathways:
• Direct seeding of body cavities or surfaces,
• Lymphatic spread- mainly carcinoma
• Hematogenous spread- mainly Sarcomas

১,২১৬.
Anaemia is caused by following parasite:
  1. ক) Onchocerca
  2. খ) Mansonella
  3. গ) Ankylostoma duodenale
  4. ঘ) Angiostrongylus.
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Ankylostoma duodenale
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Ankylostoma duodenale
ব্যাখ্যা
duodenale causes microcytic anaemia
১,২১৭.
Fumerate is produced from
  1. Val
  2. Ile
  3. Phe
  4. Leu
সঠিক উত্তর:
Phe
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Phe
ব্যাখ্যা
Fumerate is produced from Phe, Tyr

ABC of Biochemistry 6th - P: 182
১,২১৮.
Which layer of meninges directs contacts neural tissue?
  1. ক) Dura matter
  2. খ) Arachnoid matter
  3. গ) Pia matter
  4. ঘ) None of them
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Pia matter
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Pia matter
ব্যাখ্যা

The CNS is completely enclosed by three connective tissue layers called meninges:
(1) the tough external dura mater;
(2) the middle arachnoid layer; and
(3) the delicate pia mater that directly contacts neural tissue.

১,২১৯.
Which is not a feature of Acute massive PE?
  1. hypotension
  2. ↑JVP
  3. RV gallop rhythm
  4. loud P1
সঠিক উত্তর:
loud P1
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
loud P1
১,২২০.
In which ccondition frog like husky voice is found?
  1. cretinism
  2. myxoedema
  3. grave's disease
  4. hashimuto's thyroiditis
সঠিক উত্তর:
myxoedema
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
myxoedema
ব্যাখ্যা
Myxedema can be diagnosed over telephone by hearing frog like husky voice.
১,২২১.
Function of smooth ER
  1. ক) Protein synthesis
  2. খ) Lipid synthesis
  3. গ) Maintaining electrochemical gradient
  4. ঘ) Production of energy
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Lipid synthesis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Lipid synthesis
১,২২২.
Most common cause of viral meningitis is-
  1. Enterovirus
  2. Herpes simplex virus
  3. Cytomegalovirus
  4. Epstein–Barr virus
সঠিক উত্তর:
Enterovirus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Enterovirus
ব্যাখ্যা
Viruses are the most common cause of meningitis, usually resulting in a benign and self-limiting illness requiring no specific therapy. It is much less serious than bacterial meningitis unless there is associated encephalitis. A number of viruses can cause meningitis (see Box 28.59), the most common being enteroviruses. Where specific immunisation is not employed, the mumps virus is a common cause.
১,২২৩.
The earliest sign of hyperkalaemia is associated with
  1. P
  2. Q
  3. S
  4. T
সঠিক উত্তর:
T
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
T
১,২২৪.
Route of treatment of of yaws, pinta and bejel
  1. IM
  2. IV
  3. Oral
  4. Oinment
সঠিক উত্তর:
IM
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
IM
১,২২৫.
What is the most likely cause of acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain in a young adult?
  1. Appendicitis
  2. Diverticulitis
  3. Cholecystitis
  4. Pancreatitis
সঠিক উত্তর:
Appendicitis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Appendicitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Appendicitis as the most common cause of acute right lower quadrant pain in young adults, often with tenderness at McBurney’s point, fever, and nausea. Diverticulitis typically affects the left side in older patients, cholecystitis causes right upper pain, and pancreatitis is epigastric, making appendicitis the best fit.
১,২২৬.
Closure of the foramen primum results from fusion of the :
  1. ক) Septum secondum and the fused endocardial cushions
  2. খ) Septum secondum and the septum primum
  3. গ) Septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions
  4. ঘ) Septum primum and the septum spurium
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The septum primum and the endocardial cushions fuse to close the foramen primum. Subsequently, perforations in the upper part of the septum primum coalesce to form septum secondum. It is this foramen that closes postnatally when the left atrial pressure equals right atrial pressure.
১,২২৭.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 Associated cancer is-
  1. Medullary thyroid tumour
  2. Phaeochromocytoma
  3. Anterior pituitary tumour
  4. Gastric carcinoma
সঠিক উত্তর:
Anterior pituitary tumour
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Anterior pituitary tumour
১,২২৮.
Blood supply of middle cerebral artery-
  1. ক) Medial surface of cerebral cortex
  2. খ) Motor area including leg area
  3. গ) Visual cortex
  4. ঘ) Temporal pole
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Temporal pole
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Temporal pole
ব্যাখ্যা
Middle cerebral artery-
Cortical branches supply entire lateral surface of the hemisphere except the narrow strip supplied by ant cerebral artery. the occipital pole and inferolateral surface of the hemisphere is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.
Middle cerebral artery supplies all motor area except the leg area. central branches enter the anterior perforated substance and supply the lentiform and caudate nuclei and the internal capsule.
১,২২৯.
Which of the following clinical features is most commonly associated with Hodgkin lymphoma?
  1. Painless lymphadenopathy
  2. Weight gain
  3. Thrombocytosis
  4. Hepatomegaly
সঠিক উত্তর:
Painless lymphadenopathy
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Painless lymphadenopathy
ব্যাখ্যা
Painless lymphadenopathy, especially in the cervical or supraclavicular regions, is the most common presenting symptom of Hodgkin lymphoma. Davidson describes that patients may also experience systemic "B symptoms" such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Harrison adds that Hodgkin lymphoma often spreads in a predictable pattern from one lymph node group to another, and the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy is diagnostic.
১,২৩০.
Site of blood cell production at developing fetus
  1. ক) Yolk sac
  2. খ) Liver
  3. গ) Thymus
  4. ঘ) Red Bone marrow
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Yolk sac
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Yolk sac
ব্যাখ্যা

Explanations:
Developing fetus- mesoderm of yolk sac
Early fetal life- liver, spleen, thymus
Late fetal life- red bone marrow

১,২৩১.
Which gut hormone doesn’t decrease gastric acid secretion?
  1. Secretin
  2. Glucagon like peptide 1
  3. Gastrin
  4. Cholecystokinin
সঠিক উত্তর:
Gastrin
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Gastrin
১,২৩২.
Vestibular ganglion is first order neuron of
  1. ক) Vision
  2. খ) Balance
  3. গ) Taste
  4. ঘ) Smell
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Balance
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Balance
ব্যাখ্যা
Vestibular ganglion is first order neuron of balance or equilibrium
১,২৩৩.
In Post Partum Blue symptoms generally peaks in------------day
  1. 1st
  2. 2nd
  3. 3rd
  4. 4th
সঠিক উত্তর:
4th
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
4th
১,২৩৪.
NOS has..... Isoform
  1. 2
  2. 3
  3. 4
  4. 5
সঠিক উত্তর:
3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
3
ব্যাখ্যা
NOS has three isoform inos, pnos
১,২৩৫.
Which of these is composed of hyaline cartilage?
  1. Epiglottis
  2. Arytenoid cartilage
  3. Cuneiform cartilage
  4. Corniculate cartilage
সঠিক উত্তর:
Arytenoid cartilage
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Arytenoid cartilage
১,২৩৬.
Ataxic gait found in
  1. Proximal myopathy
  2. Stroke
  3. Upper motor neuron lesion
  4. Cerebellar lesion
সঠিক উত্তর:
Cerebellar lesion
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Cerebellar lesion
ব্যাখ্যা
An ataxic gait can result from lesions in the cerebellum, vestibular apparatus or peripheral nerves
১,২৩৭.
The cardinal feature of axSpA is-
  1. Enthesitis
  2. Arthritis
  3. Inflammatory back pain
  4. Dactylitis
সঠিক উত্তর:
Inflammatory back pain
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Inflammatory back pain
ব্যাখ্যা
Davidson Page 1033
১,২৩৮.
Which is not a granulocyte?
  1. ক) Neutrophil
  2. খ) Eiosinophil
  3. গ) Basophil
  4. ঘ) Monocyte
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Monocyte
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Monocyte
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Monocyte & Lymphocytes are agranulocytic white blood cell.
১,২৩৯.
Which forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently?
  1. ক) SAN
  2. খ) AVN
  3. গ) Fibrous skeleton
  4. ঘ) Papillary muscle
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Fibrous skeleton
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Fibrous skeleton
ব্যাখ্যা
The fibrous skeleton is a dense framework of collagen within the heart that keeps the orifices of the atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valve patent, provides an attachment site of the valve leaflets and cusps, serves as the origin and insertion sites of cardiac myocytes, and forms an electrical “barrier” between the atria and ventricles so that they contract independently.
১,২৪০.
Type 2 respiratory failure is clinically present as -
  1. Hypoxia
  2. Hypoxia and hypercapnia
  3. Foreign body
  4. Pulmonary fibrosis
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypoxia and hypercapnia
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hypoxia and hypercapnia
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Clinical features of type 2 respiratory failure :
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Airway obsteuction
Cor pulmonale
Signs of precipitating factors
১,২৪১.
M. leprae has tropism for which type of cell?
  1. ক) RBC
  2. খ) WBC
  3. গ) Platelet
  4. ঘ) Schwann cells
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Schwann cells
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Schwann cells
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: M. leprae has tropism for Schwann cells and skin macrophages.
১,২৪২.
Haeme containing proteins excludes
  1. ক) Haemoglobin
  2. খ) Inositol
  3. গ) Myoglobin
  4. ঘ) Cytochrome C
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Inositol
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Inositol
ব্যাখ্যা

Explanations:
Haeme containing proteins:
• Haemoglobin
• Myoglobin
• Cytochrome C

১,২৪৩.
Causes of sinus tachycardia is
  1. Hypothyroidism
  2. Cholestatic jaundice
  3. Raised ICP
  4. Fever
সঠিক উত্তর:
Fever
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Fever
১,২৪৪.
ERV + RV = ?
  1. VC
  2. FRC
  3. TLC
  4. FRV
সঠিক উত্তর:
FRC
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
FRC
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 496
১,২৪৫.
Which is not true regarding trachea?
  1. Bifurcates at the level of lower border T4
  2. Has wider lumen in cadavers
  3. Contains 16-20 rings of elastic cartilage
  4. Begins at the lower border of C6
সঠিক উত্তর:
Contains 16-20 rings of elastic cartilage
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Contains 16-20 rings of elastic cartilage
ব্যাখ্যা
*** The trachea has a fibroelastic wall supported by a cartilaginous skeleton formed by C shaped rings made of hyaline cartilage


১,২৪৬.
Which is the main support of the rectum?
  1. Perineal body
  2. Puborectalis sling
  3. Denonvillier's fascia
  4. Waldeyer's fascia
সঠিক উত্তর:
Puborectalis sling
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Puborectalis sling
ব্যাখ্যা
Supports of rectum
• Pelvic diaphragm: formed by levator ani muscles. The puborectalis sling of this diaphragm surrounds the anorectal junction and maintain the anorectal flexure. (main support) 
• Fascia of Waldeyer: Contain Superior Rectal Vessels and lymphatics
• Lateral ligaments of Rectum: Contain Middle Rectal Vessels and lymphatics
• Rectovesical fascia of Denonvilliers
• Pelvic peritoneum
• Perineal body & its muscles
১,২৪৭.
Which of the following is not common presentation of multiple sclerosis?
  1. Optic neuritis
  2. Cognitive dysfunction
  3. Transverse myelitis
  4. Brainstem syndrome
সঠিক উত্তর:
Cognitive dysfunction
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Cognitive dysfunction
১,২৪৮.
Closure of semilunar valve which heart sound produce
  1. S3
  2. opening snap
  3. S1
  4. S2
সঠিক উত্তর:
S2
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
S2
১,২৪৯.
Conducting system of the heart is made up of-
  1. Nerve fibres
  2. Myocardium
  3. Endocardium
  4. Epicardium
সঠিক উত্তর:
Myocardium
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Myocardium
ব্যাখ্যা
The conducting system is made up of specialized myocardium (not nervous tissue)

Its fibres are finer than other myocardial fibres and are completely cross striated

Parts:
1. Sinoatrial node (SA node)
2. Atrioventricular node (AV node)
3. Atrioventricular bundle (of His)
4. Right and left branches of AV bundle
5. Sub endocardial Purkinje fibres

Blood supply:
Whole of conducting system except left branch of AV bundle is supplied by right coronary artery. In 40% cases, left coronary artery supplies SA node. 
১,২৫০.
Which plasmodium species causes malignant malaria?
  1. ক) Vivax
  2. খ) Ovale
  3. গ) Malaria
  4. ঘ) Falciparum
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Falciparum
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Falciparum
ব্যাখ্যা
Tertian malaria is subdivided into malignant malaria, caused by P. falciparum, and benign malaria, caused by P. vivax and P. ovale.
১,২৫১.
Most diagnostic for asthma
  1. FEV1/FVC ratio more than 80%
  2. Decreased FEV1
  3. Decreased FVC
  4. FVC is increased after bronchodilator therapy
সঠিক উত্তর:
Decreased FEV1
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Decreased FEV1
ব্যাখ্যা
কোন ব্যাখ্যা যোগ হয় নি।
১,২৫২.
Blood film in G6PD deficiency shows-
  1. Microcytosis
  2. Macrocytosis
  3. Target cells
  4. Bite cells
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bite cells
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Bite cells
১,২৫৩.
Site of avuscular necrosis -
  1. Trochanter of femur
  2. Scaphoid bone
  3. Lateral meleolus
  4. Elbow joint
সঠিক উত্তর:
Scaphoid bone
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Scaphoid bone
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Avuscular necrosis seen in :
Head of femur
Talas
Scaphoid
Radiation therapy
Sickle cell crisis
Trauma 
Tumor
১,২৫৪.
Dominant pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease -
  1. Coagulopathy
  2. Myocardial endocardial damage
  3. Insufficient coronary perfusion
  4. Mediators related
সঠিক উত্তর:
Insufficient coronary perfusion
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Insufficient coronary perfusion
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
The dominant cause of IHD syndrome is insufficient coronary perfusion relative to myocardial demand, due to chronic, progressive atherosclerotic narrowing of the epicardial coronary arteries
১,২৫৫.
Phagocytosis of ECM components and debris done by
  1. ক) Fibroblasts
  2. খ) Lymphocytes
  3. গ) Eosinophil
  4. ঘ) Macrophages
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Macrophages
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Macrophages
ব্যাখ্যা
Phagocytosis of ECM components and debris done by macrophage
১,২৫৬.
Which is not included in case definition of kalazr?
  1. History of fever for more than 2 weeks
  2. rk37’ test (+) positive.
  3. Weight loss
  4. Splenomegaly
সঠিক উত্তর:
rk37’ test (+) positive.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
rk37’ test (+) positive.
ব্যাখ্যা
The diagnosis of Kala-azar will be based on the  following criteria in a symptomatic case.

History of fever for more than 2 weeks
Residing/ traveling in endemic areas
Any one of the following symptoms and signs:
1.Splenomegaly
2.Weight loss
3.Anemia
And ‘rk39’ test (+) positive.
১,২৫৭.
The definitive diagnostic gold standard for Gout is:
  1. Elevated serum uric acid level
  2. Clinical presentation of podagra
  3. Identification of negatively birefringent, needle-shaped crystals in synovial fluid
  4. Radiographic evidence of "punched-out" erosions
সঠিক উত্তর:
Identification of negatively birefringent, needle-shaped crystals in synovial fluid
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Identification of negatively birefringent, needle-shaped crystals in synovial fluid
ব্যাখ্যা
While elevated uric acid, podagra, and radiographic changes are suggestive, the definitive diagnosis of gout is made by aspirating synovial fluid from the affected joint and visualizing characteristic negatively birefringent, needle-shaped monosodium urate (MSU) crystals under a polarized light microscope.
১,২৫৮.
Color of CSF in viral meningitis
  1. ক) Cloudy
  2. খ) Clear
  3. গ) Blood stained
  4. ঘ) Straw colored
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Clear
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Clear
১,২৫৯.
Pel-Ebstein fever is characteristic of which condition?
  1. Tuberculosis
  2. Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  3. Typhoid fever
  4. Malaria
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
ব্যাখ্যা
Pel-Ebstein fever describes cyclical fever (1–2 weeks of fever alternating with afebrile periods), classic for Hodgkin’s
১,২৬০.
Which is called Governor of the cell cycle -
  1. APC
  2. P53
  3. NF2
  4. RB
সঠিক উত্তর:
RB
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
RB
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
RB gene is called Governor of the cell cycle. 
It inhibit cell cycle in G1-S phase.
১,২৬১.
Golgi tendon organ sensory supply
  1. Ia
  2. Ib
  3. II
  4. None of the above
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ib
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ib
ব্যাখ্যা
Golgi tendon organ
1.Present in muscle-tendon junction
2. Sensory Supply-Only Ib type
3. Alpha motor only
4. Regulates musle tension
5. Reflexes are inhibitory.
১,২৬২.
Which of the following is not a Vitamin K dependant clotting factor?
  1. Factor II
  2. Factor V
  3. Factor IX
  4. Factor X
সঠিক উত্তর:
Factor V
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Factor V
১,২৬৩.
Which of the following is a hallmark feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
  1. Sudden-onset palpitations
  2. Repetitive checking behavior
  3. Persistent uncontrollable worry about multiple issues
  4. Flashbacks of traumatic events
সঠিক উত্তর:
Persistent uncontrollable worry about multiple issues
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Persistent uncontrollable worry about multiple issues
ব্যাখ্যা
GAD is defined by excessive, persistent worry lasting ≥6 months about various life domains, along with physical symptoms (e.g., fatigue, muscle tension).
১,২৬৪.
Cells of the cerebral cortex exclude-
  1. ক) Stellate
  2. খ) Fusiform
  3. গ) Purkinjee
  4. ঘ) Pyramidal
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Purkinjee
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Purkinjee
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation- also horizontal cells of Cajal, cells of martinotti.
১,২৬৫.
Which of the following is the most common Cause of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage?
  1. ক) Oesophagitis
  2. খ) Peptic ulcer disease
  3. গ) Gastric erosions
  4. ঘ) Varices
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Peptic ulcer disease
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Peptic ulcer disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Peptic ulcer disease is the most common Cause of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
১,২৬৬.
Which is called the musician's nerve?
  1. Ulnar nerve
  2. Median nerve
  3. Radial nerve
  4. Posterior interosseous nerve
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ulnar nerve
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ulnar nerve
১,২৬৭.
Anesthetic accident produces
  1. ক) Anaphylactic shock
  2. খ) Neurogenic shock
  3. গ) Septic shock
  4. ঘ) Cardiogenic shock
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Neurogenic shock
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Neurogenic shock
ব্যাখ্যা
Anesthetic accident produces neurogenic shock
১,২৬৮.
Which of the following is a common side effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy?
  1. Osteoporosis
  2. Hyperthyroidism
  3. Hypoglycemia
  4. Hypercalcemia
সঠিক উত্তর:
Osteoporosis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Osteoporosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Osteoporosis is a well-known side effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Davidson explains that corticosteroids reduce bone formation and increase bone resorption, leading to decreased bone density and an increased risk of fractures. Harrison adds that patients on long-term corticosteroids should be monitored for bone loss and may require prophylactic treatment with calcium, vitamin D, and bisphosphonates to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
১,২৬৯.
All stages of RBC is invaded by
  1. P. falciparum
  2. P. vivax
  3. P. ovale
  4. P. malariae
সঠিক উত্তর:
P. falciparum
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
P. falciparum
ব্যাখ্যা
Red cells infected with malaria undergo haemolysis  which is most severe with P. falciparum that  invades red cells of all ages.
P. vivax and P. ovale preferentially invade younger  cells, and P. malariae normoblasts
১,২৭০.
Which is the most active zone of the breast?
  1. Nipple-areola complex
  2. Lower-outer quadrant
  3. Upper-inner quadrant
  4. Upper-outer quadrant
সঠিক উত্তর:
Upper-outer quadrant
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Upper-outer quadrant
ব্যাখ্যা
Terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU) is the most active part of the breast. 
♣ Most diseases of the breast arise from the terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU)
♣ About 50% of the ductolobular tissue is located in the upper outer quadrant and about 20% in the central region
১,২৭১.
Epithelial cells are anchored to the basal lamina by-
  1. Hemidesmosomes
  2. Desmosomes
  3. Connexons
  4. Tight junctions
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hemidesmosomes
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hemidesmosomes
১,২৭২.
Proprioceptive defects can cause an---- gait
  1. Myopathic
  2. Ataxic
  3. Foot drop
  4. Pyramidal gait
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ataxic
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Ataxic
১,২৭৩.
Stages of hemostasis excludes
  1. Endothelial imjury
  2. Vasoconstriction
  3. Platelet plug formation
  4. Coagulation of blood.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Endothelial imjury
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Endothelial imjury
ব্যাখ্যা

Explanations:
Stages of hemostasis
When a blood vessel is injured, the injury initiates a series of reactions, resulting in hemostasis. It occurs in three stages
1. Vasoconstriction
2. Platelet plug formation
3. Coagulation of blood.

১,২৭৪.
PTH stimulates Ca2+ reabsorption in whiwch part of renal tubule?
  1. ক) PCT
  2. খ) DCT
  3. গ) CT
  4. ঘ) CD
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) DCT
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) DCT
ব্যাখ্যা
In the distal convoluted tubules of the renal cortex, PTH stimulates Ca2+ reabsorption (and inhibits phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubules).
১,২৭৫.
Most common Prevalence of cryoglobulins is of
  1. Type 1
  2. Type 2
  3. Type 3
  4. Type 4
সঠিক উত্তর:
Type 3
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Type 3
১,২৭৬.
Nephrons of the kidney develops from-
  1. Mesonephric duct
  2. Paramesonephric duct
  3. Metanephros
  4. Pronephros
সঠিক উত্তর:
Metanephros
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Metanephros
ব্যাখ্যা
Metanephros Gives rise to nephrons i.e. secretory/excretory part of the kidneys
• Bowman’s capsule
• Glomerulus
• PCT
• Loop of Henle
• DCT

১,২৭৭.
Induction of central tolerance occurs in-
  1. Bone marrow
  2. Cerebrum
  3. Thymus
  4. Spleen
সঠিক উত্তর:
Thymus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Thymus
ব্যাখ্যা
Function of thymus:
1.Production, differentiation and maturation and maturation of T-lymphocytes
2.Secretion of thymopoietin by epithelioreticular cells. Thymopoietin stimulates T cell production.
3.Thymus is essential for development of immunity in early life. 
4. Another main function of the thymus is induction of central tolerance, which along with regulatory T cells prevents autoimmunity
১,২৭৮.
Causes of under nutrition & weight loss in adults due to impaired energy storage
  1. ক) Thyrotoxicosis
  2. খ) DM
  3. গ) Cancer
  4. ঘ) Pheochromocytoma
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Pheochromocytoma
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Pheochromocytoma
১,২৭৯.
Which one of following is not a lysosomal enzyme-?
  1. ক) Cathepsin's
  2. খ) Coagulase
  3. গ) Phospholipase
  4. ঘ) Arylsulfatases
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Coagulase
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Coagulase
ব্যাখ্যা

★Lysosomal enzymes are-
-Ribonuclease
-Deoxyribonuclease
-Phosphate
-Glycosidases
-Arylsylfatases
-Collagenase
-Cathepsins
-Phospholipase

১,২৮০.
Which one is the most appropriate in left heart failure?
  1. Ascites
  2. Pleural effusions
  3. Pitting edema
  4. Raised JVP
সঠিক উত্তর:
Pleural effusions
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Pleural effusions
১,২৮১.
Which drug is used for anxiety disorders?
  1. ক) Antipsychotics
  2. খ) Antidepressants
  3. গ) Sedatives
  4. ঘ) No drug is used
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Antidepressants
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Antidepressants
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Antidepressants are the drugs of first choice. The therapeutic dose is usually higher for anxiety disorders than for depression
১,২৮২.
Most common cause of acute infective endocarditis is
  1. Viridians streptococci
  2. S. aureus
  3. Strep. gallolyticus
  4. Coxiella burnetii
সঠিক উত্তর:
S. aureus
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
S. aureus
ব্যাখ্যা
Staph. aureus has now overtaken streptococci as the most common cause of acute endocarditis. It originates from skin infections, abscesses or vascular access sites such as intravenous and central lines, or from intravenous drug use. 
১,২৮৩.
Which vitamin is synthesised by bacteria in the colon?
  1. Vitamin A
  2. Vitamin E
  3. Vitamin K1
  4. Vitamin K2
সঠিক উত্তর:
Vitamin K2
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Vitamin K2
১,২৮৪.
The first effect of leukemia is
  1. Anemia
  2. Bleeding
  3. Infection
  4. Metastatic growth
সঠিক উত্তর:
Metastatic growth
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Metastatic growth
ব্যাখ্যা
Effects of Leukemia on the Body
The first effect of leukemia is metastatic growth of leukemic cells in abnormal areas of the body. Leukemic cells from the bone marrow may reproduce so much that they invade the surrounding bone, causing pain and, eventually, a tendency for bones to fracture easily.
Almost all leukemias eventually spread to the spleen, lymph nodes, liver, and other vascular regions, regardless of whether the leukemia originated in the bone marrow or lymph nodes.
Common effects in leukemia are the development of infection, severe anemia, and a bleeding tendency caused by thrombocytopenia (lack of platelets). These effects result mainly from displacement of the normal bone marrow and lymphoid cells by the nonfunctional leukemic cells.

Finally, an important effect of leukemia on the body is excessive use of metabolic substrates by the growing cancerous cells. The leukemic tissues reproduce new cells so rapidly that tremendous demands are made on the body reserves for foodstuffs, specific amino acids, and vitamins. Consequently, the energy of the patient is greatly depleted, and excessive utilization of amino acids by leukemic cells causes especially rapid deterioration of the normal protein tissues of the body. Thus, while the leukemic tissues grow, other tissues become debilitated. After metabolic starvation has continued long enough, this factor alone is sufficient to cause death.
Bibliography
David BA, Kubes P: Exploring the complex role of chemokines and chemoattractants in vivo on leukocyte dynamics Immunol Re
১,২৮৫.
Transitional epithelium lining the trigone of the urinary bladder develops from-
  1. Vesicourethral canal
  2. Mesonephric duct
  3. Primitive urogenital sinus
  4. Surface ectoderm
সঠিক উত্তর:
Mesonephric duct
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Mesonephric duct
ব্যাখ্যা


*** Remaining part of the epithelial lining of the bladder develops from vesicourethral canal of the cloaca. 
১,২৮৬.
Which of the following is the most common cause of UTI?
  1. ক) S.aureus
  2. খ) Klebsiella
  3. গ) Pseudomonas
  4. ঘ) E.coli
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) E.coli
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) E.coli
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: E.coli is the most common cause of UTI
১,২৮৭.
Days required for spermatogenesis
  1. ক) 60
  2. খ) 70
  3. গ) 74
  4. ঘ) 84
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) 74
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) 74
ব্যাখ্যা
74 days is required for spermiogenesis.
১,২৮৮.
Conditions decrease renin secretion
  1. Na Depletion
  2. Diuretics
  3. Cardiac failure
  4. increased osmolarity
সঠিক উত্তর:
increased osmolarity
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
increased osmolarity
১,২৮৯.
BMI indicating adequate nutrition
  1. ক) >16
  2. খ) >17
  3. গ) >20
  4. ঘ) >19
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) >20
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) >20
১,২৯০.
The notochord is formed by the cells of the –
  1. ক) Hypoblast
  2. খ) Endoderm
  3. গ) Neuroectoderm
  4. ঘ) Mesoderm
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Mesoderm
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ঘ) Mesoderm
ব্যাখ্যা
The notochord is formed by the cells of the – Mesoderm
১,২৯১.
Elevated blood urea with normal creatinine concentration implies
  1. ক) AKI
  2. খ) Severe bleeding.
  3. গ) impaired liver function
  4. ঘ) Ca Stomach
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Severe bleeding.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
খ) Severe bleeding.
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: An elevated blood urea with normal creatinine concentration implies severe bleeding
১,২৯২.
Which one of the followings is the Numerical chromosomal abnormalities?
  1. ক) Prader–Willi syndrome
  2. খ) Angelman’s syndrome
  3. গ) Turner’s syndrome
  4. ঘ) Di George syndrome
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Turner’s syndrome
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Turner’s syndrome
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Turner’s syndrome (45,X) is an example of Numerical chromosomal abnormalities
১,২৯৩.
Main cell of epidermis is
  1. Keratinocyte
  2. Collagen
  3. Melanocyte
  4. Langerhans cell
সঠিক উত্তর:
Keratinocyte
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Keratinocyte
১,২৯৪.
Main support of liver -
  1. ক) Hepatic vein
  2. খ) Hepatic artery
  3. গ) Ligaments
  4. ঘ) Surrounding viscera
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Hepatic vein
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
ক) Hepatic vein
ব্যাখ্যা
Hepatic vein is the main support of liver.
১,২৯৫.
The blood volume of the lungs is about...ml
  1. 450(9%)
  2. 500(10%)
  3. 550(11%)
  4. 600(12%)
সঠিক উত্তর:
450(9%)
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
450(9%)
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Guyton 14th; P- 504
১,২৯৬.
Cause of normal lactate acidosis-
  1. Metformin
  2. Methanol
  3. Cyanide
  4. Carbon monoxide
সঠিক উত্তর:
Methanol
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Methanol
১,২৯৭.
Type of vena caval opening -
  1. ক) Muscular
  2. খ) Aponeurotic
  3. গ) Tendinous
  4. ঘ) Osseoaponeurotic
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Tendinous
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Tendinous
ব্যাখ্যা
The inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm at the vena caval foramen. This aperture is located in the central tendon at the level of T8
১,২৯৮.
Which of the following is the cause of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?
  1. ক) IgA nephropathy
  2. খ) Alport’s syndrome
  3. গ) Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
  4. ঘ) All above
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
গ) Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
১,২৯৯.
Startled expression is found in
  1. Hyporthyroidism
  2. Parkinsonism
  3. Hyperthyroidism
  4. Depression
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hyperthyroidism
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hyperthyroidism
১,৩০০.
Most abundant protein of bone is-
  1. Type I collagen
  2. Type II collagen
  3. Type III collagen
  4. Type IV collagen
সঠিক উত্তর:
Type I collagen
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Type I collagen
ব্যাখ্যা
Davidson : Page -993