১০০ দিনে বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক]

• Walt Whitman, in full Walter Whitman, is an American poet, journalist, and essayist whose verse collection Leaves of Grass, first published in 1855, is a landmark in the history of American literature.

• His Notable Works: 

- Calamus,
- Crossing Brooklyn Ferry,
- Democratic Vistas,
- Drum-Taps,
- I Sing the Body Electric,
- O Captain! My Captain!,
- Song of Myself,
- Specimen Days & Collect,
- Starting from Paumanok.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

- 'A Farewell to Arms' is a famous novel by Ernest Hemingway.
- The protagonist of this is Lieutenant Frederic Henry.
- Henry Catherine Barkley, Helen Ferguson, Lieutenant Rinaldi are the other characters of this novel.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica and A Farewell to Arms.

• Jules Verne is a French novelist, poet and playwright.
• His famous works: 
- Around the World in Eighty Days, 
- The Mysterious Island, 
- From the Earth to Moon,
- Around the Moon, 
- Off on a Comet, 
- Master of the World.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• J. M. Synge, in full John Millington Synge, leading figure in the Irish literary renaissance, a poetic dramatist of great power who portrayed the harsh rural conditions of the Aran Islands and the western Irish seaboard with sophisticated craftsmanship.
• His Notable Works: 
- Deirdre of the Sorrows,
- In the Shadow of the Glen,
- Riders to the Sea,
- The Aran Islands,
- The Playboy of the Western World.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist.
• He is considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era.
• His Notable Works: 
- Alexis und Dora,
- Egmont,
- Faust,
- Hermann und Dorothea, 
- Stella,
- The Sorrows of Young Werther,
- Venetian Epigrams etc.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Poet of The Romantic Period:
- William Wordsworth, 
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 
- George Gordon Byron/Lord Byron, 
- Percy Bysshe Shelley, 
- John Keats, 
- Jane Austen, 
- Charles Lamb, 
- William Hazlitt etc.
• T. S. Eliot is a famous modern poet.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• George Bernard Shaw was an Irish born dramatist or playwright. 
• He is a modern dramatist and called him the father of Modern English Drama. 
• He is famous for his 'Drama of Ideas'.
• He was awarded Nobel Prize in 1925. 
• His famous plays: 
- You Never Can Tell,
- The Apple Cart, 
- Arms and the Man, 
- Man and Superman, 
- Doctor's Dilemma,
- Pygmalion, 
- Caesar and Cleopatra, 
- St. Joan, 
- The Philanderer, 
- Major Barbara, 
- Heartbreak House, 
- The Devil's Discipline etc.

Source: Encyclopedia of Britannica.

• H. G. Wells is a British science fiction writer.
• His famous works:
- The Time Machine,
- The Invisible Man, 
- The War of the Worlds,
- The Island of Dr. Moreau.  

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• William Butler Yeats is an Irish dramatist, poet and critic.
• He wrote the preamble of Tagore's 'Gitanjali' in 1912, which later got nobel prize in 1913.
• W. B. Yeats got the nobel prize in 1923. 
• His famous poems:
- The Wild Swans at Coole, 
- The Tower, 
- The Winding Stair and Other Poems, 
- The Resurrection, 
- The Second Coming, 
- The Cat and The Moon,
- The Lake Isle of Innisfree, 
- Among School Children,
- The Lord of Harts,
- Falling of Leaves, 
- A prayer for My Daughter,
- When You Are Old. 

Source: Live MCQ Lecture and An ABC of English Literature & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

- 'Elizabethan Period' এর একদল Young dramatist and pamphleteers (ক্ষুদ্র পুস্তিকা রচয়িতা) দেরকে  'University Wits' বলা হয়।
- তাঁরা 'Oxford and Cambridge University' এর Scholar/Witty students ছিলেন।
- তাঁরা অনেক বিখ্যাত নাটক রচনা ও মঞ্চস্থ করার মাধ্যমে খ্যাতি অর্জন করেছিলেন।
- University Wits ছিলেন মোট ৭ জন।
• তারা হলেন:
- Christopher Marlowe, 
- Thomas Kyd, 
- Robert Greene,
- George Peele, 
- Thomas Nashe, 
- John Lyly and 
- Thomas Lodge.  

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Edgar Allan Poe is an American Short Story writer and literary critic. 
• He is The Father of English Short Story and Modern Detective Story. 
• His famous short stories: 
- The Tell Tale Heart, 
- The Raven, 
- The fall of the house of usher, 
- The Black Cat,
- The Oval Portrait, 
-The Gold Bug, 
- The Light House. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

- Thomas Moore is a social philosopher, English lawyer, author and statesman. 
- He writes the book 'Utopia'.
- The book 'Utopia' (or Kingdom of Nowhere) was originally written in Latin in 1516. 
- The main theme of 'Utopia' is Humanity.

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• James Joyce is famous for his narrative technique known as 'Stream of Consciousness'. 
• His famous novels:
- Exiles, 
- Ulysses,
- A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,
- Chamber Music. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• The full name of E. M. Forster is Edward Morgan Forster.
• He is a famous English novelist. 
• His famous novels:
- A Passage to India, 
- Where Angels Fear to Tread, 
- The Longest Journey,
- A Room with a View, 
- The Celestial Omnibus (Collection of Short Stories),
- Aspects of Novel, 
- The Eternal Moment and Other Stories. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

- Francis Bacon is the Father of English Essay and Father of Modern Prose. 
- His famous quotations:
- Wonder is the seed of knowledge.
- Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, written an exact man.
- Opportunity makes a thief.
- It is impossible to love and be wise.
- History makes man wise.
- Silence is the sleep that nourishes wisdom.
- Revenge is a kind of wild justice.
- The secret of success is the constancy of purpose.
- Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability.
- Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested of studies.
- Unmarried men are best friends, best Masters, best servants but not always best subjects.
- Old wood best to burn, old wine to drink, old friends to trust and old authors to read.

Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations.

• A tragedy often ends with the downfall of the protagonist.
• Tragedy is a form of drama which presents the fall of a superior human being for a mistake of some kind.
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

Who wrote the novel 'Crime and Punishment'?
Ernest Hemingway
Pearl S. Buck
Fyodor Dostoyevsky*
William Blake
• Fyodor Dostoyevsky is a Russian Novelist and writer.
• His famous novels:
- Crime and Punishment, 
- The Idiot,
- The Brothers Karamazov, 
- Poor Folk, 
- A Little Hero, 
- The Eternal,
- Notes from Underground. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Fyodor Dostoyevsky is a Russian Novelist and writer.
• His famous novels:
- Crime and Punishment, 
- The Idiot,
- The Brothers Karamazov, 
- Poor Folk, 
- A Little Hero, 
- The Eternal,
- Notes from Underground. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• A figure of speech in which lifeless objects or ideas are given imaginary life known as Personification. 
• Examples:
- Time waits for none. Here 'Time' has been imagined as a living person. 
- And Joy, whose hand is ever at his lips Bidding adieu. Here 'Joy' has been imagined as a living person. 

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• D. H. Lawrence is an English novelist, poet and literary critic.
• His famous novels:
- Sons and Lovers, 
- The Rainbow,
- Women in Love, 
- The White Peacock, 
- Lady Chatterley's Lover,
- Kangaroo etc. 

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Emily Bronte was a poet, novelist and fiction writer of the Victorian Period. 
• She was mainly famous for her fiction.
• His famous novel is Wuthering Heights.
• Important character of Wuthering Heights:
- Heathcliff, 
- Catherine Earnshaw,
- Cathy Linton, 
- Edgar Linton, 
- Lockwood etc. 

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman and Encyclopaedia of Britannica.


সঠিক উত্তর Emily Bronte.
লাইভ প্রশ্নে Emily Bronte অপশনে না থাকায় উত্তর তুলে দেওয়া হয়েছে।

• The duration of the Renaissance Period is 1500 to 1660. 
• So, this period started from 1500.
• This period is divided into 4 main periods.
- Elizabethan Period (1558-1603), 
- Jacobean Period (1603-1625), 
- Caroline Period (1625-1649) and
- Commonwealth Period (1649-1660).

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.

Epitaph is a phrase or form of words written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone. So, The word 'Epitaph' is related to death.

Source: Marriam Webster dictionary.

• 'Waiting for Godot' is a famous play by Samuel Backett.
• The important character of this play:
- Vladimir,
- Estragon,
- Pozzo,
- Lucky etc.

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica and Waiting for Godot.

• Charles Dickens is the greatest novelist in the Victorian Period. 
• His famous novels:
- David Copperfield,
- A Tale of Two Cities,
- Great Expectations,
- Our Mutual Friend, 
- Oliver Twist, 
- The Christmas Carol, 
- The Pickwick Papers, 
• Important characters of Great Expectations:
- Pep, 
- Estella, 
- Miss Havisham, 
- Joe Gargery etc.

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Animal Farm is an allegorical work which is written by George Orwell.
• George Orwell's Animal Farm is a political allegory about revolution and power. Through the tale of a group of farm animals who overthrow the owner of the farm, Animal Farm explores themes of totalitarianism, the corruption of ideals, and the power of language.
• George Orwell is an English novelist, essayist, journalist and critic. 
• His real name is Eric Arthur Blair. 
• He was a police officer in Burma. 
• His famous Novels:
- Animal Farm, 
- Nineteen Eighty-Four, 
- Burmese Days, 
- Coming up for Air
- Homage to Catalonia etc.
• Shooting an Elephant is a famous Short Story of George Orwell.   

Source: Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• Hamlet is a famous tragedy of William Shakespeare. 
• Famous quotations of Hamlet:
- Neither a borrower nor a lender be; For loan oft loses both itself and friend.
- To be or not to be that is the question.
- Frailty, thy name is woman.
- Brevity is the soul of wit.

Source: The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations and Hamlet by William Shakespeare.

- The repetition of a consonant sound especially at the beginning of two or more words or within words. 
- The repetition of a consonant at the beginning of two or more words or stressed syllables is called Alliteration. 
- Examples:
- 'The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, 
The furrow followed free.' Here 'f' and 'b' have been repeated.
- 'Puffs, powders, patches, Bibles, billet-doux' is an example of Alliteration. Here 'p' has been repeated thrice and 'b' twice. 
- Fair is foul, and foul is fair.
- Ruins seize thee, ruthless king!

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

• The Romantic Period is known as 'The Golden Age of Lyrics' and 'The Age of Revolution'.
• The slogan of this age is 'Art for Art's Sake'.
• The Romantic Period of English Literature is 1798 to 1832.
• This period belongs to the Nineteenth century. 
• The characters of this Period:
- Subjectivity,
- High Imagination,
- Supernaturalism,
- Love for nature,
- Love for beauty,
- Simplicity etc.

Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.