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ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

পরীক্ষাব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্সতারিখতারিখ অনির্ধারিতসময়30 minutes
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Math - 02: Average, Mean, Problems on Ages
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ২৮ প্রশ্ন

.
Four years ago, the average age of A and B was 18 years. At present the average age of A, B and C is 24 years. What would be the age of C after 4 years.
  1. ক) 26 years
  2. খ) 28 years
  3. গ) 32 years
  4. ঘ) 34 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Sum of the ages of A and B, 4 years ago = 18 × 2 = 36 years
Sum of the present age of A and B = 4 + 4 + 36 = 44 years
Sum of the present ages of A, B and C = 24 × 3 = 72 years
⇒ Present age of C = 72 - 44 = 28 years

∴ C's age after 4 years = 28 + 4 = 32 years.
.
The present age of a mother is the thrice that of her daughter. After 12 years, the age of the mother will be twice that of her daughter. The present age of the daughter is-
  1. ক) 11 years
  2. খ) 12 years
  3. গ) 13 years
  4. ঘ) 14 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
the daughter's present age be x years.
Then, mother  present age = 3x years

According to the question 
3x + 12 = 2 (x + 12)
⇒ 3x + 12 = 2x + 24
⇒ x = 12
Present age of daughter = 12 years
.
The average weight of A, B and C is 45 kg. If the average weight of A and B be 40 kg and that of the B and C be 43 kg, then the weight of B is :
  1. ক) 28kg
  2. খ) 29kg
  3. গ) 30kg
  4. ঘ) 31kg
ব্যাখ্যা
A + B + C = 45 × 3 =135 kg
A + B = 40 × 2= 80 kg
B + C = 43 × 2= 86 kg

now 
A + B  + B + C = 80 + 86 = 166kg
A + 2B + C = 166kg

Weight of B = 166 -135
                    = 31 kg
.
The ages of Ram and Mohan are in the ratio of 5 : 7 and the difference between them is 12 years. The ages (in years) of Ram and Mohan are respectively:
  1. ক) 25 and 35 years
  2. খ) 20 and 28 years
  3. গ) 30 and 42 years
  4. ঘ) 28 and 40 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
the age of Ram and Mohan be 5x and 7x respectively
According to the question
⇒ 7x - 5x = 12
⇒ 2x = 12
⇒ x = 6

The age of Ram = 5 × 6 = 30 years
The age of Mohan = 7 × 6 = 42 years

∴ The required result will be "30 years and 42 years" respectively.
.
The average age of a man and his wife at the time of their marriage was 27 years. After 4 years of marriage, they have a one-year-old child. The average age of the family now is?
  1. ক) 20 years
  2. খ) 21 years
  3. গ) 22 years
  4. ঘ) 26 years
ব্যাখ্যা
(Man + wife)'s age at marriage = 27 × 2 = 54years
(Man + wife)'s age after 4 years = 54 + 4 × 2 = 62 years
Total age of family = 62 + 1 = 63 years
Average age = 63/3 = 21 years

∴ The average age is 21 years.
.
A man's present age is two-fifth of the ages of his mother. After 8 years, he will be one-half of the age of his mother. How old is the mother at present?
  1. ক) 36
  2. খ) 38
  3. গ) 40
  4. ঘ) 42
ব্যাখ্যা
Let present age of mother is x,
then present age of his son = 2x​/5

According to the question 
 (2x​/5) + 8 = (1/2)(x + 8)
(2x​/5) + 8 = x/2 + 4 
(2x​/5) - (x/2) = 4 - 8
(4x - 5x)/10 = - 4
- x/10 = - 4
x = 40

Hence, the present age of mother is 40
.
The ratio of ages of Akash and his wife after 7 years from now will be 7 ∶ 6. If his wife was born 23 years ago, find the age of Akash after 2 years?
  1. ক) 24 years
  2. খ) 26 years
  3. গ) 28 years
  4. ঘ) 30 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let the present age of Akash be x years.
Age of Akash after 7 years = x + 7
Present age of wife = 23 years
Age of wife after 7 years = 30 years

According to the question, Ratio of ages of Akash and his wife after 7 years from now = 7 : 6
⇒ (x + 7)/30 = 7/6
⇒ x + 7 = 35
⇒ x = 28 years

∴ Age of Akash after 2 years = 30
.
The average of 2, 7, 6, and x is 5 and the average of 18, 1, 6, x and y is 10. What is the value of y? 
  1. ক) 5
  2. খ) 10
  3. গ) 15
  4. ঘ) 20
ব্যাখ্যা
Given that
average of 2, 7, 6, x is 5

Therefore,
5 = (2 + 7 + 6 + x​)/4
⇒ 20 = 15 + x
⇒ x = 20 - 15
    x = 5

Therefore,
10 = (18 + 1+ 6 + 5 + y​)/5
50 = 30 + y
y = 50 - 30 
y = 20
.
The average of the ages of a man and his daughter is 34 years. If the respective  ratio of their ages after four years from now is 14 : 5. what is daughter's present age?
  1. ক) 20 years
  2. খ) 52 years
  3. গ) 16 years
  4. ঘ) 34 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Average age of man and his daughter = 34 years
Their total age = (34 × 2) years = 68 years
Let man's age be x years,
Then daughter age = (68 - x) years
∴(x + 4)/(68 - x + 4) =14/5
⇒5(x + 4) = 14(72 −x)
⇒5x + 20= 1008 − 14x
⇒19x =988
⇒ x =52

∴ Daughter's present age
= (68 - 52) years
= 16 years
১০.
The average marks of a student in 4 subjects is 75. If the student obtained 85 marks in the fifth subject, then the new average is
  1. ক) 76
  2. খ) 77
  3. গ) 78
  4. ঘ) 79
ব্যাখ্যা
Sum of marks in 4 Subjects = 75 × 4 = 300
Sum of marks in 5 Subjects = 300 + 85 = 385 
New Average = 385/5 = 77
১১.
The average marks of a student in 5 subjects is 75. Later, marks in one subject was increased by 12 and marks in another subject was decreased by 17. Find the corrected average of marks.
  1. ক) 74
  2. খ) 72
  3. গ) 71
  4. ঘ) 69
ব্যাখ্যা
Sum of all numbers = 75 × 5 = 375
Later, marks in one subject was increased by 12 and marks in another subject was decreased by 17.
Corrected marks = 375 + 12 – 17
                       = 370
Corrected Average = Correct sum / number of subjects
                           = 370/5
                           = 74
∴ Corrected average is 74
১২.
Ravi asks Akash, what's your age and Akash replied 20 years hence my age will be 10 times of my age 10 years back. What is Akash’s present age?
  1. ক) 13 years
  2. খ) 11.3 years
  3. গ) 13.3 years
  4. ঘ) 14.3 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
Akash’s present age be x years
Akash’s age before 10 years = (x – 10)
Akash’s age after 20 years = (x + 20)
According to question
(x + 20) = 10(x – 10)
⇒ x + 20 = 10x – 100
⇒ 9x = 120
⇒ x = 13.3 years

∴ Present age of Akash is 13.3 years.
১৩.
Find the average of all the numbers between 6 and 34 which are divisible by 5 
  1. ক) 15
  2. খ) 16
  3. গ) 18
  4. ঘ) 20
ব্যাখ্যা
Numbers between 6 and 34 divisible by 5 are 10, 15, 20, 25, 30.
Required average =(10 + 15 + 20 + 25 + 30​)/5
                             = 100/5
                             ​= 20
১৪.
Four years ago, the average age of A and B was 16 years. At present the average age of A, B and C is 23 years. What would be the age of C after 4 years.
  1. ক) 29 years
  2. খ) 31 years
  3. গ) 32 years
  4. ঘ) 33 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Sum of the ages of A and B, 4 years ago = 16 × 2 = 32 years
Sum of the present age of A and B = 4 + 4 + 32 = 40 years
Sum of the present ages of A, B and C = 23 × 3 = 69 years

⇒ Present age of C = 69 - 40 = 29 years

∴ C's age after 4 years = 29 + 4 = 33 years.
১৫.
The average of the first five multiples of 3 is-
  1. ক) 7
  2. খ) 8
  3. গ) 9
  4. ঘ) 10
ব্যাখ্যা
First five multiple of 3 are
3 × 1 = 3
3 × 2 = 6
3 × 3 = 9
3 × 4 = 12 and
3 × 5 = 15
Average of first five multiples of 3 are (3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + 15)/5
                                                      = 9
 
∴ The average of first five multiples of 3 is 9.
১৬.
The difference between the present ages of Abir and Deepak is 14 years. Eight years ago, the ratio of their ages was 5 : 7 respectively. What is Deepak's present age?
  1. ক) 55 years
  2. খ) 56 years
  3. গ) 57 years
  4. ঘ) 58 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let the age of Abir eight years ago be 5x
Let the age of Deepak eight years ago be 7x
Present age of Abir  would be 5x + 8
Present age of Deepak would be 7x + 8

According to question, 
7x + 8 - (5x + 8) = 14 
7x + 8 - 5x - 8 = 14 
2x = 14 
x = 7

Deepak's present age = 7 × 7 + 8 = 57 years

১৭.
The mean of the first 10 even natural number numbers is-
  1. ক) 10
  2. খ) 11
  3. গ) 12
  4. ঘ) 13
ব্যাখ্যা
First 10 even natural number = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20

  Mean = (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 14 + 16 + 18 + 20​)/10
            = 110/10
            = 11
১৮.
The ratio of the present ages of Tina and Bina is 9 : 10 respectively. Twenty years ago, the ratio of their ages was 4 : 5 respectively. What is the present age of Bina?
  1. ক) 30 years
  2. খ) 35 years
  3. গ) 40 years
  4. ঘ) 42 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Ratio of the present ages of Tina and Bina = 9 : 10
Let's consider the present ages of Tina and Bina as 9x and 10x

According to the question 
(9x - 20) : (10x - 20) = 4 : 5
(9x - 20) / (10x - 20) = 4/5
5(9x - 20) = 4(10x - 20)
45x - 100 = 40x - 80
45x - 40x = 100 - 80
5x = 20
x = 4 

the present age of Bina = 40 years
১৯.
The average marks obtained by 22 candidates in an examination are 45. The average marks of the first ten are 55 and that last eleven are 40. The number of marks obtained by the 11th candidate is
  1. ক) 0
  2. খ) 45
  3. গ) 48
  4. ঘ) 52
ব্যাখ্যা
Total marks scored by 22 candidates = 22 × 45
                                                           = 990
Total marks scored by first 10 candidates =10 × 55
                                                                 = 550
Total marks scored by last 11 candidates =11 × 40
                                                                 =440
∴ Marks scored by 11th candidate = 990 - (550 + 440)
                                                        = 0
২০.
Twice the age of X is thrice the age of Y. 8 years back, the difference between the ages of X and Y was 16 years. What is the present age of X?
  1. ক) 48 years
  2. খ) 50 years
  3. গ) 52 years
  4. ঘ) 54 years
ব্যাখ্যা
2 times the age of X = 3 times the age of Y
2X = 3Y
⇒ X : Y = 3 : 2

Let present age of X and Y be 3a and 2a respectively
3a - 8 - (2a - 8) = 16
⇒ 3a - 2a = 16
⇒ a = 16

∴ The present age of X is 16 × 3 years = 48 years
২১.
The present age of Kajol and Rohit are in the ratio of 7 : 8 respectively. After 6 years, the respective ratio between the age of Kajol and Rohit will be 9 : 10. What is the age of Rohit after 5 years?
  1. ক) 22 years
  2. খ) 24 years
  3. গ) 29 years
  4. ঘ) 34 years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let the present age of Kajol and Rohit is 7x and 8x respectively.
After 6 years, the age of Kajol = 7x + 6
After 6 years, the age of Rohit = 8x + 6
The ratio of age of Kajol and Rohit after 6 years is 9 : 10.
⇒ (7x + 6)/(8x + 6) = 9/10
⇒ 70x + 60 = 72x + 54
⇒ 2x = 6
⇒ x = 3

The age of Rohit after 5 years = 8 × 3 + 5 = 24 + 5 = 29 years

∴The age of Rohit after 5 years is 29 years.
২২.
The average of 6 numbers is 7. The average of the three number of them is 5. What will be the average of remaining numbers? 
  1. ক) 8
  2. খ) 9
  3. গ) 10
  4. ঘ) 11
ব্যাখ্যা
Average of 6 numbers = 7
Sum of 6 numbers = 6 × 7 = 42
Average of three numbers = 5
Sum of three numbers = 5 × 3 = 15

∴ Sum of the remaining three numbers = 42 - 15
                                                                = 27

∴ Required average = 27/3 = 9
২৩.
The sum of ages of Jamal, Kamal and Rashed is 93 years. Ten years ago, the ratio of their ages was 2 : 3 : 4. What is present of  Rashed? 
  1. ক) 34 years
  2. খ) 36 years
  3. গ) 38 years
  4. ঘ) 40 years
ব্যাখ্যা
10 years ago age of Jamal = 2x
10 years ago age of Kamal= 3x
10 years ago age of Rashed= 4x

Now
2x + 10 + 3x + 10 +  4x + 10 = 93
9x + 30 = 93 
9x = 93 - 30 
9x = 63 
x = 7

∴present age of Rashed = (4 × 7) + 10
                                       = 28 + 10
                                       =38 years
২৪.
The average of the first nine prime numbers is-
  1. ক) 12.12
  2. খ) 11.11
  3. গ) 13.22
  4. ঘ) 14.05
ব্যাখ্যা
First 9 prime numbers.= 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23
Average = Sum of all numbers / Total numbers.
              = (2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23)/9
              = 100/9
              = 11.11
Therefore the avg of first 9 prime numbers is 11.11
২৫.
Out of three numbers, the first is twice the second and is half of the third. If the average of the three numbers is 63, then difference of first and third numbers is.
  1. ক) 48
  2. খ) 50
  3. গ) 52
  4. ঘ) 54 
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
the second of the three numbers be x.
the first one is 2x and the third is 4x.

Thus
x + 2x + 4x = 63×3 
7x= 189
x = 27.

The difference between the first and third numbers =4x - 2x
                                                                                    = 2x
                                                                                    = 2 × 27
                                                                                    = 54
২৬.
Of four numbers whose average is 70, the first is one-fourth of the sum of the last three. The first number is-
  1. ক) 54
  2. খ) 55
  3. গ) 56
  4. ঘ) 57
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
The four numbers be a, b, c and d 
According the question 
a = (1/4)(b + c + d)
b + c + d = 4a

again 
a + b + c + d = 70 × 4 
a + 4a = 280 
5a = 280 
a = 280/5
a = 56
২৭.
The product of the ages of X and Y is 240. If twice the age of Y is more than X's age by 4 years then find Y's age
  1. ক) 10 Years
  2. খ) 11 Years
  3. গ) 12 Years
  4. ঘ) 18 Years
ব্যাখ্যা
Let
X's age be x years,
Y's age = 240/x years

According to the question
⇒ 2 × (240/x) - x = 4
⇒ 480/x - x = 4
⇒ (480 - x2)/x = 4
⇒ 480 - x2 = 4x
⇒ x2 + 4x - 480 = 0
⇒ x2 + 24x - 20x - 480 = 0
⇒ x(x+24) - 20(x - 24) = 0
⇒ (x + 24) (x - 20) = 0
⇒ x = 20 

Y's age = 240/20 = 12 Years
২৮.
There are six numbers 30, 72, 53, 68, x and 87 out of which x is unknown. The average value of the numbers is 60. What is the value of x?
  1. ক) 48
  2. খ) 50
  3. গ) 51
  4. ঘ) 55
ব্যাখ্যা
According to the question,
(30 + 72 + 53 + 68 + x + 87)/6 = 60
310 + x = 360
x = 360 - 310 
x = 50