ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ২৪ প্রশ্ন

১.

A manufacturer sells three products i.e. A, B and C. Product A costs 200 and sells for 250. Product B costs 150 and sells for 180. Product C costs 100 and sells for 115. On which product, he has maximum percentage of profit?

ক
ক) A only
খ
খ) C only
গ
গ) A and C both
ঘ
ঘ) B only

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A manufacturer sells three products i.e. A, B and C. Product A costs 200 and sells for 250. Product B costs 150 and sells for 180. Product C costs 100 and sells for 115. On which product, he has maximum percentage of profit?

Solution:
Product A’s percentage of profit = {(250 - 200)/200} × 100 = 25%
Product B’s percentage of profit = {(180 - 150)/150} × 100 = 20%
Product C’s percentage of profit = {(115 - 100)/100} × 100 = 15%

So, only product A has the highest profit margin.

২.

What is the rate of discount is a car that had a regular price of Tk. 3,000 is sold for Tk.2,790?

ক
ক) 15%
খ
খ) 7%
গ
গ) 12%
ঘ
ঘ) 9%

ব্যাখ্যা

প্রশ্ন : What is the rate of discount is a car that had a regular price of Tk. 3,000 is sold for Tk.2,790?

সমাধান :

লিখিতমূল্য = 3000 টাকা
বিক্রয় মূল্য = 2790 টাকা

ছাড় = (3000 - 2790) টাকা
= 210 টাকা
ছাড়ের হার = {(210/3000) × 100}%
=7%

৩.

If x = 50%, by what percent is x larger than x²?

ক
ক) 1%
খ
খ) 100%
গ
গ) 25%
ঘ
ঘ) None

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: If x = 50%, by what percent is x larger than x²?

Solution:
x = 50%
⇒ x = 50/100 = 1/2
⇒ x² = 1/4 = 1/4 × 100% = 25%

x is larger than x² = (50% - 25%) = 25%

x is larger than x² (in percentage) = (25/25 ×100)% = 100%

৪.

A fruit seller buys apples at a rate of 2 apples for a Taka and sells them at a rate of 5 apples for 3 Taka. What is her profit margin (based on cost price)?

ক
ক) 25%
খ
খ) 20%
গ
গ) 30%
ঘ
ঘ) 10%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A fruit seller buys apples at a rate of 2 apples for a Taka and sells them at a rate of 5 apples for 3 Taka. What is her profit margin (based on cost price)?

Solution:
২টি আপেলের ক্রয়মূল্য = ১ টাকা
১টি আপেলের ক্রয়মূল্য = ১/২ টাকা

Then,
৫টি আপেলের বিক্রয়মূল্য = ৩ টাকা
১টি আপেলের বিক্রয়মূল্য = ৩/৫ টাকা
সুতরাং, লাভ =৩/৫ - ১/২ = ১/১০ টাকা

অতএব শতকরা লাভ = {(১/১০)/(১/২)} × ১০০ = ২০%

৫.

A profit of 25% could have been made if an item was sold for Tk.750. It was sold for a loss of 5% instead. What is the actual selling price?

ক
ক) Tk. 720
খ
খ) Tk. 570
গ
গ) Tk. 450
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 620

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A profit of 25% could have been made if an item was sold for Tk.750. It was sold for a loss of 5% instead. What is the actual selling price?

Solution:

Let be assume cost price of the item is 100x
⇒ 125x = 750
⇒ x = 6

⇒ Now, the actual selling price of the item was 5% less the cost price of the items
⇒ The actual selling price of item = 100x - 5x = 95x
⇒ 95 × 6 = 570

∴ The required result will be 570.

৬.

What is the net discount for successive discounts of 20% and 30%?

ক
ক) 44%
খ
খ) 36%
গ
গ) 48%
ঘ
ঘ) 24%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: What is the net discount for successive discounts of 20% and 30%?

Solution:

ধরি, লিখিত মূল্য ‘x’.

20% ছাড়ের পর,
⇒ বিক্রয়মূল্য = x - 0.2x = 0.8x

30% ছাড়ের পর,
⇒ বিক্রয়মূল্য = 0.8x - 0.8 × 0.3x = 0.56x

∴ মোট ছাড় = [(x - 0.56x)/x] × 100 = 44%

৭.

In a certain store, the profit is 320% of the cost, If the cost increase by 25% but the selling price remains constant, approximately what percentage of the selling price is the profit?

ক
ক) 60%
খ
খ) 70%
গ
গ) 50%
ঘ
ঘ) 30%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: In a certain store, the profit is 320% of the cost, If the cost increase by 25% but the selling price remains constant, approximately what percentage of the selling price is the profit?

Solution:

Let the cost price be 100x
so, Profit = 320% of 100x = 320x
then, selling price = 100x + 320x = 420x

Now, cost price increased by 25%
New, Cost price = 125x
New Profit = 420x - 125x = 295x

Profit percent on selling price = (295x/420x) × 100 = 70%

∴ The required percentage is 70%

৮.

The cost price of a product is 65% of the market price. How much is the gain in percent if the product is sold allowing a discount of 15%?

ক
ক) 30.77%
খ
খ) 34.51%
গ
গ) 37.5%
ঘ
ঘ) 32.51%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The cost price of a product is 65% of the market price. How much is the gain in percent if the product is sold allowing a discount of 15%?

Solution:
ধরি
পণ্যটির তালিকামূল্য 100 টাকা
পণ্যটির ক্রয়মূল্য = 65 টাকা

15% হ্রাসে,
পণ্যটির মূল্য = (100 - 15) টাকা = 85 টাকা
লাভ = 85 - 65 = 20 টাকা
শতকরা লাভ = {(20/65) × 100%}
= 30.77%

৯.

A canvas costs Tk. 500 and the marked price is printed as Tk. 800. What is the profit % for the seller if he sells and offers a discount of 10% on the marked price?

ক
ক) 52%
খ
খ) 44%
গ
গ) 28%
ঘ
ঘ) 38%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A canvas costs Tk. 500 and the marked price is printed as Tk. 800. What is the profit % for the seller if he sells and offers a discount of 10% on the marked price?

Solution:

After allowing a discount of 10% we get,
⇒ 90% of 800
⇒ (90 / 100) × 800
⇒ 720

∴ S.P = Tk. 720

Profit = S.P - C.P
⇒ 720 - 500
⇒ 220

Profit% = (Profit / C.P) × 100
⇒ (220 / 500) × 100
⇒ 44%

The profit% for the seller is 44%.

১০.

Find the rate of discount when the marked price is Tk.1880 and selling price is Tk. 1598.

ক
ক) 12%
খ
খ) 18%
গ
গ) 8%
ঘ
ঘ) 15%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: Find the rate of discount when the marked price is Tk.1880 and selling price is Tk. 1598.

Solution:

বইয়ের লিখিত মূল্য, x = Tk. 1880
বইয়ের বিক্রয় মূল্য, y = Tk. 1598

Formula:
If Tk. x be MP of the article and Tk. y be S.P of the article, then

ছাড় = (x - y)
ছাড় % = (Discount/MP) × 100

ছাড় = 1880 - 1598 = Tk. 282
∴ ছাড়ের শতাংশ = (282/1880) × 100 = 15%

১১.

85% of a number is added to 48, the result is the same number. Find the number.

ক
ক) 240
খ
খ) 160
গ
গ) 180
ঘ
ঘ) 320

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 85% of a number is added to 48, the result is the same number. Find the number.

Solution:

ধরি,
সংখ্যাটি x

প্রশ্নমতে,
x এর 85% + 48 = x
বা, (85x/100) + 48 = x
বা, (17x /20) + 48 = x
বা, x - (17x /20) = 48
বা, (20x - 17x)/20 = 48
বা, 3x/20 = 48
বা, x/20 = 16
বা, x = 320

১২.

The numerical value of the profit % is equal to the cost price of a book on selling it at Tk. 96. So, how much profit (in Tk.) is there on selling it?

ক
ক) 24
খ
খ) 52
গ
গ) 36
ঘ
ঘ) None of above

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The numerical value of the profit % is equal to the cost price of a book on selling it at Tk. 96. So, how much profit (in Tk.) is there on selling it?

Solution:

Let the CP of the book be = Tk. x
So, the profit will be x%.
SP of the book = Tk. 96

Hence,
⇒ x = {(96 - x)/x} × 100
⇒ x² + 100x - 9600 = 0
⇒ x² + 160x - 60x - 9600 = 0
⇒ x(x + 160) - 60(x + 160) = 0
⇒ x = 60, -160

So, CP of a book = Tk. 60
⇒ Profit = Tk. 96 - Tk. 60
⇒ Profit = Tk.36

Hence, the correct answer is "36".

১৩.

Rimi bought a mobile phone at a discount of 20%. Had the discount received was 25%, she would have saved Tk 2,000 more. How much did she pay (in Tk) for the mobile phone?

ক
ক) 32,000
খ
খ) 24,000
গ
গ) 18,000
ঘ
ঘ) 36,000

ব্যাখ্যা

Question : Rimi bought a mobile phone at a discount of 20%. Had the discount received was 25%, she would have saved Tk 2,000 more. How much did she pay (in Tk) for the mobile phone?

Solution:

Let the actual price of the phone be 100x

Cost price of Rimi = 100x × (100 - 20)%
⇒ 100x × 80%
⇒ 80x

If 25% discount is given then,
Cost price of Rimi = 100x × (100 - 25)%
⇒ 75x

According to the question,
80x - 75x = 2000
⇒ 5x = 2000
⇒ x = 400

So, actual cost price of Rimi = 80 × 400
⇒ 32000

∴ She paid 32000 (in Tk) for the mobile phone.

১৪.

As the price of mango has reduced 20%, it is now possible to buy 2 more mangoes at Tk.12. What is the current price of 100 mangoes?

ক
ক) Tk.120
খ
খ) Tk.50
গ
গ) Tk.230
ঘ
ঘ) Tk.140

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: As the price of mango has reduced 20%, it is now possible to buy 2 more mangoes at Tk.12. What is the current price of 100 mangoes?

Solution:
ধরি,
1টি আমের পূর্বমূল্য = x টাকা
20% কমে
1টি আমের বর্তমানমূল্য = x - x এর 20%
= x - 20x /100
= 80x/100
= 0.8x

প্রশ্নমতে,
(12/0.8x) - (12/x) = 2
(15/x) - (12/x) = 2
(15 - 12)/x = 2
3/x = 2
2x = 3
x = 3/2
x = 1.5

1টি আমের বর্তমানমূল্য = 1.5 × 0.8 = 1.2 টাকা
100 টি আমের বর্তমানমূল্য = 1.2 × 100 টাকা
= 120 টাকা

১৫.

What is the discount rate percentage on a gift whose selling price is Tk. 420 after a reduction of Tk. 60 on its marked price?

ক
ক) 7.2%
খ
খ) 10%
গ
গ) 8.9%
ঘ
ঘ) 12.5%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: What is the discount rate percentage on a gift whose selling price is Tk. 420 after a reduction of Tk. 60 on its marked price?

Solution:

SP of the gift = Tk. 420
Discount = Tk. 60

MP of the gift = Tk. 420 + Tk. 60 = Tk. 480
Discount percentage = (60/480) × 100 = 12.5%

১৬.

If on a Sale there is 40% discount on the marked price of Tk. 1000, but the sale is done at Tk. 510 only then what additional discount % did the customer get?

ক
ক) 10%
খ
খ) 15%
গ
গ) 28%
ঘ
ঘ) 9%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: If on a Sale there is 40% discount on the marked price of Tk. 1000, but the sale is done at Tk. 510 only then what additional discount % did the customer get?

Solution:

Marked price = Tk. 1000
First discount = 40%
After first discount selling price is = 1000 - (40% of 100) = 600

Let the second discount is = x%

ATQ,
600 - (x% of 600) =510
⇒ 600 - 6x = 510
⇒ 6x = 90
⇒ x = 15

১৭.

The single discount which is equivalent to discount of 10%, 20% and 25% is -

ক
ক) 46%
খ
খ) 54%
গ
গ) 36%
ঘ
ঘ) 58%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The single discount which is equivalent to discount of 10%, 20% and 25% is -

Solution:

Let marked price be 100%.
⇒ S.P = (90/100) × (80/100) × (75/100) × 100
⇒ S.P = 54%

Discount will be 100 – 54 = 46%

∴ The single discount will be 46%

১৮.

A salesman receives daily wage of Tk. 200 and earns a commission of 20% on all sales he makes. How much taka worth of sales does he need to make in order to bring his total daily income of Tk. 1000?

ক
ক) Tk. 5000
খ
খ) Tk. 4000
গ
গ) Tk. 6000
ঘ
ঘ) None

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A salesman receives daily wage of Tk. 200 and earns a commission of 20% on all sales he makes. How much taka worth of sales does he need to make in order to bring his total daily income of Tk. 1000?

Solution:
দৈনিক মোট আয় করতে হবে = 1000 টাকা
দৈনিক মজুরি =200 টাকা
অবশিষ্ট= (1000 - 200) টাকা
= 800 টাকা

20% সেলস কমিশন = 800 টাকা
1% সেলস কমিশন = 800/20 টাকা
100% সেলস কমিশন = (800 × 100)/20 টাকা
= 4000 টাকা

১৯.

What will be the profit percentage, if bananas purchased 10 for Tk. 100 and sold 8 for Tk. 100?

ক
ক) 20%
খ
খ) 30%
গ
গ) 15%
ঘ
ঘ) 25%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: What will be the profit percentage, if bananas purchased 10 for Tk. 100 and sold 8 for Tk. 100?

Solution:

১০ টি কলার ক্রয়মূল্য ১০০ টাকা
∴ ১ টি কলার ক্রয়মূল্য ১০ টাকা

৮ টি কলার বিক্রয়মূল্য ১০০ টাকা
∴ ১ টি কলার বিক্রয়মূল্য ২৫/২ টাকা

∴ লাভ = (২৫/২ - ১০) = ৫/২ টাকা

১০ টাকায় লাভ হয় ৫/২ টাকা

∴ ১০০ টাকায় লাভ হয় (৫ × ১০০)/(১০ × ২) = ২৫ টাকা।

২০.

12/15 is how many percent?

ক
ক) 90 percent
খ
খ) 70 percent
গ
গ) 80 percent
ঘ
ঘ) 60 percent

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 12/15 is how many percent?

Solution:

12/15

= 4/5

= (4 × 20)/(5 × 20)

= 80/100

= 80%

২১.

Man could not decide between discount of 30% or two successive discounts of 25% and 5%, both given on a shopping of Tk. 2,000. What is the difference between both the discounts?

ক
ক) Tk.54
খ
খ) Tk.37
গ
গ) Tk.25
ঘ
ঘ) Tk.21

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: Man could not decide between discount of 30% or two successive discounts of 25% and 5%, both given on a shopping of Tk. 2,000. What is the difference between both the discounts?

Solution:

বাজার খরচ = Tk. 2000

১ম শর্তমতে∶
শতকরা ছাড় = 30%

ছাড় = 30% of 2000 = 30/100 × 2000 = Tk. 600

২য় শর্তমতে ∶
১ম শতাংশ ছাড় = 25%
১ম ছাড় = 25% of 2000 = 25/100 × 2000 = Tk. 500

প্রথম ছাড়ের পর বাজার খরচ = 2000 – 500 = Tk. 1500

২য় শতাংশ ছাড় = 5%
২য় ছাড় = 5/100 × 1500 = Tk. 75

সম্পূর্ণ ছাড় = 500 + 75 = Tk. 575

∴ উভয় শর্তে ছাড় = 600 – 575 = Tk.25

২২.

By what percentage above the cost price, a fan should be sold if a shopkeeper wants to make a profit of Tk. 500 and the marked price of the article is Tk 6000 which is 50% above the cost price?

ক
ক) 9.82%
খ
খ) 12.5%
গ
গ) 15.4%
ঘ
ঘ) 16.4%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: By what percentage above the cost price, a fan should be sold if a shopkeeper wants to make a profit of Tk. 500 and the marked price of the article is Tk 6000 which is 50% above the cost price?

Solution:

Marked Price, MP = Tk. 6000, যা ক্রয়মূল্য (CP) এর ৫০ শতাংশ বেশি।
প্রশ্নমতে,

MP = CP + CP × 50%

=>MP = CP (1 + 50%)

=>MP = CP × 150/100

=>MP = CP × 1.5

=>6000 = CP × 1.5

=>CP= 6000 /1.5

=>CP= 4000

Cost price = Tk. 4000
Profit = Tk. 500

=> Profit%= 500 × 100%/4000 =12.5%

২৩.

'Buy Three get One Free' what is the percentage of discount being offered here?

ক
ক) 25%
খ
খ) 48.78%
গ
গ) 21%
ঘ
ঘ) 33.33%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 'Buy Three get One Free' what is the percentage of discount being offered here?

Solution:

'Buy Three get One Free' এর অর্থ হলো - ৩টি পণ্য ক্রয় করলে ১টি পণ্য ফ্রী।

ধরি, প্রতিটি পণ্যের ক্রয়মূল্য X টাকা
⇒ ৩টি পণ্যের ক্রয়মূল্য = 3X টাকা

সুতরাং, ডিসকাউন্ট হার = (X/3X) × 100 = 33.33%

২৪.

A school has only 3 classes having 20, 30 and 50 students respectively. The percentages of students passed are 30%, 50% and 60% respectively. Find the percentage of passed students of the entire school.

ক
ক) 40%
খ
খ) 51%
গ
গ) 60%
ঘ
ঘ) None

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A school has only 3 classes having 20, 30 and 50 students respectively. The percentages of students passed are 30%, 50% and 60% respectively. Find the percentage of passed students of the entire school.

Solution:

পাশ করা ছাত্রের সংখ্যা = 20 × 30% + 30 × 50% + 50 × 60% = 6 + 15 + 30 = 51
সুতরাং, পাশ করা ছাত্রের সংখ্যার হার = 51/100 × 100 = 51%