Bank Math Master

Bank Math Master · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ২০ প্রশ্ন

১.

A shopkeeper sells a pair of sunglasses at a profit of 25%. If he had bought it at 25% less and sold it for Tk. 10 less, he would have gained 40%. Determine the cost price of the pair of sunglasses.

ক
Tk. 40
খ
Tk. 50
গ
Tk. 55
ঘ
Tk. 60

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A shopkeeper sells a pair of sunglasses at a profit of 25%. If he had bought it at 25% less and sold it for Tk. 10 less, he would have gained 40%. Determine the cost price of the pair of sunglasses.

Solution:
ধরি,
ক্রয়মূল্য = 100 টাকা
25% লাভে বিক্রয়মূল্য = 100 + 25 = 125 টাকা
25% কমে ক্রয়মূল্য = 100 - 25 = 75 টাকা

আবার,
40% লাভে বিক্রয়মূল্য = {75 + 75 × (40/100)}
= 105 টাকা
বিক্রয়মূল্য কম হয় = (125 - 105) টাকা
= 20 টাকা

এখন,
২০ টাকা বিক্রয়মূল্য কম হয় ক্রয়মূল্য = 100 টাকায়
∴ 10 টাকা বিক্রয়মূল্য কম হয় ক্রয়মূল্য = (100 × 10)/20 টাকায়
= 50 টাকা

২.

If A's salary is 25% more than B's salary, then B's salary is how much lower than A's salary?

ক
25%
খ
30%
গ
20%
ঘ
15%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: If A's salary is 25% more than B's salary, then B's salary is how much lower than A's salary?

Solution:
Let B's Salary is Tk. 100.
Then,
A's Salary = (100 + 25% of 100) = Tk. 125
Difference between A's Salary and B's Salary = 125 - 100 = Tk. 25

% Difference (lower) = (25/125) × 100 = 20%

৩.

An uneducated retailer marks all his goods at 50% above the cost price and thinking that he will still make 25% profit, offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his actual profit on the sales?

ক
10%
খ
12.5%
গ
15.8%
ঘ
20%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: An uneducated retailer marks all his goods at 50% above the cost price and thinking that he will still make 25% profit, offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his actual profit on the sales?

Solution:
Let, cost price is 100 taka

After 50% increase = 100 + 100 × .5
= 150 taka

25% discounted price = 150 - 150 × .25
= 112.5 taka

Actual profit percentage = (112.5 - 100) × 100%/100
= 12.5%

৪.

If the price of Onion is increased by 50% by what fraction must its consumption be reduced so as to keep the same expenditure on its consumption?

ক
1/2
খ
1/3
গ
1/4
ঘ
2/3

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: If the price of Onion is increased by 50% by what fraction must its consumption be reduced so as to keep the same expenditure on its consumption?

Solution:
let, x kg onion costs 100 taka

increased by 50%, x kg costs = 100 + 100 × .5 = 150 taka

in 100 taka, new amount = 100x/150 = 2x/3 kg

fraction must its consumption be reduced = {x - (2x/3)}/x
= 1/3

৫.

By selling 45 chocolates for Tk. 40, a man loses 20%. How many should he sell for Tk. 24 to gain 20% in the transaction?

ক
10
খ
12
গ
15
ঘ
18

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: By selling 45 chocolates for Tk. 40, a man loses 20%. How many should he sell for Tk. 24 to gain 20% in the transaction?

Solution:
cost price 45 chocolates = 40/0.8 = 50 taka

selling price after 20% gain = 50 + 50 × .2 = 60 taka

he should he sell for Tk. 24 = (24 × 45)/60 = 18 chocolates

৬.

A trader mixes 26 kg of rice at Tk 20 per kg with 30 kg of rice of other variety at Tk. 36 per kg and sells the mixture at Tk. 30 per kg. His profit percent is:

ক
no profit no loss
খ
1% loss
গ
1% profit
ঘ
5% profit

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A trader mixes 26 kg of rice at Tk 20 per kg with 30 kg of rice of other variety at Tk. 36 per kg and sells the mixture at Tk. 30 per kg. His profit percent is:

Solution:
C.P. of 56 kg rice = (26 × 20 + 30 × 36)
= (520 + 1080)
=1600 taka

S.P. of 56 kg rice = (56 × 30)
= 1680 taka

∴ Profit = 1680 - 1600
= 80 taka

∴ Profit percentage = (80/1600) × 100% = 5%

৭.

If (30% of 80)/y = 24, then what is the value of y?

ক
3/10
খ
1
গ
2/11
ঘ
2

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: If (30% of 80)/y = 24, then what is the value of y?

Solution:
(30% of 80)/y = 24
⇒ (.3 × 80)/y = 24
⇒ y = 24/24 = 1

৮.

The cost of a book was Tk. 75. The cost was first increased by 20% and later on it was reduced by 20%. The present cost of the book is:

ক
Tk. 65
খ
Tk. 72
গ
Tk. 75
ঘ
Tk. 80

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The cost of a book was Tk. 75. The cost was first increased by 20% and later on it was reduced by 20%. The present cost of the book is:

Solution:
Initial Cost = Tk. 75
After 20% increase in the cost, it becomes,
(75 + 20% of 75)
= 75 + 15
= Tk. 90
Now, Cost is decreased by 20%, So cost will become,
(90 - 20% of 90)
= 90 - 18
=Tk. 72
So, present cost is Tk. 72.

৯.

Aman and Ajay started a business by investing Tk. 85000 and Tk. 15000 each. What be will the ratio of profit earned after 2 years between Aman and Ajay respectively?

ক
3 : 5
খ
17 : 23
গ
15 : 23
ঘ
None of the above

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: Aman and Ajay started a business by investing Tk. 85000 and Tk. 15000 each. What be will the ratio of profit earned after 2 years between Aman and Ajay respectively?

Solution:
the ratio of profit earned after 2 years between Aman and Ajay respectively = (85000 × 2) : (15000 × 2)
= 170000 : 30000
= 17 : 3

১০.

x% of y is y% of what-

ক
x
খ
10x
গ
100x
ঘ
x/100

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: x% of y is y% of what-

Solution:
let, the number p

x% of y = y% of p
⇒ xy/100 = py/100
∴ p = x

১১.

A book seller allowed 10% discount on printed price. He gets 30% commission from publisher. His profit in percent will be?

ক
10%
খ
20%
গ
(200/7)%
ঘ
(225/7)%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A book seller allowed 10% discount on printed price. He gets 30% commission from publisher. His profit in percent will be?

Solution:
let, the marked price of book is 100 taka
buying price 100 × 0.7 taka
= 70 taka

selling price of book seller = 100 × 0.9 taka
= 90 taka

Profit in percent = {(90 - 70)/70} × 100%
= (200/7)%

১২.

ক
3.2
খ
2.8
গ
1.2
ঘ
None

ব্যাখ্যা

Question:

Solution:

১৩.

The price of an article is raised by 30% and then two successive discounts of 10% each are allowed. Ultimately, the price of the article is:

ক
increased by 3%
খ
decreased by 5.3%
গ
increased by 5.3%
ঘ
decreased by 10%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The price of an article is raised by 30% and then two successive discounts of 10% each are allowed. Ultimately, the price of the article is:

Solution:
let, the price be 100 taka

after 30% raise = 100 + 30 = 130 taka

after first 10% discount = 130 - 13 = 117 taka

after second 10% discount = 117 - 117 × 0.1
= 117 - 11.7
= 105.3

১৪.

Jamal has 160 chocolates. He gave 5% chocolates to Rana, 15% to Amit and one - fourth of the chocolates to Galib. How many chocolates are left with Jamal after distribution?

ক
56
খ
72
গ
88
ঘ
None of these

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: Jamal has 160 chocolates. He gave 5% chocolates to Rana, 15% to Amit and one - fourth of the chocolates to Galib. How many chocolates are left with Jamal after distribution?

Solution:
Rana gets = 160 × 5/100 = 8 chocolates
Amit gets = 160 × 15/100 = 24 chocolates
Galib gets = 160/4 = 40 chocolates

chocolates are left with Jamal after distribution = 160 - 8 - 24 - 40 = 88 chocolates

১৫.

Which of the following is closest to 1/3 + 0.4 + 65%?

ক
1
খ
1.4
গ
2.5
ঘ
2.8

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: Which of the following is closest to 1/3 + 0.4 + 65%?

Solution:
1/3 + 0.4 + 65%
= (1/3) + (4/10) + (65/100)
= (1/3) + (2/5) + (13/20)
= 1.4

১৬.

A tradesman marks his goods 10% above his cost price. If he allows his customers 10% discount on the marked price. How much profit or loss does he make, if any?

ক
2% loss
খ
2% profit
গ
1% loss
ঘ
1% profit

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: A tradesman marks his goods 10% above his cost price. If he allows his customers 10% discount on the marked price. How much profit or loss does he make, if any?

Solution:
Let cost price of goods = Tk. 100
Market price of goods
=110% of 100
=(110/100)×100
=Tk. 110

After discount selling price of goods
= 90% of 110
= (90/100) × 110
=Tk. 99

Loss = 100 - 99 = Tk. 1

Loss % = (1/100) × 100 = 1%

১৭.

The average calculator price today is Tk.700. If the average calculator price three years ago was 80% of the average calculator price today, what was the percentage increase in the average calculator price over the past three years?

ক
20%
খ
25%
গ
28%
ঘ
30%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: The average calculator price today is Tk.700. If the average calculator price three years ago was 80% of the average calculator price today, what was the percentage increase in the average calculator price over the past three years?

Solution:
The average computer price three years ago was = 700 × 0.8
= 560 taka

Increase = 700 - 560 taka
= 140 taka

%increase = (140/560) × 100%
= 25%

১৮.

0.35 represents what percent of 0.007?

ক
0.05%
খ
5%
গ
50%
ঘ
5000%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 0.35 represents what percent of 0.007?

Solution:
(0.35/0.007) × 100%
= {(350 × 100)/7}%
= 5000%

১৯.

In a particular business, X and Z invested the amounts in the ratio of 2 : 1, while the amount invested X and Y is 3 : 2. If the total profit was Tk. 1,57,300, then find the amount that Y received.

ক
Tk. 48,400
খ
Tk. 72,600
গ
Tk. 36,300
ঘ
Tk. 22,400

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: In a particular business, X and Z invested the amounts in the ratio of 2 : 1, while the amount invested X and Y is 3 : 2. If the total profit was Tk. 1,57,300, then find the amount that Y received.

Solution:
X : Z = 2 : 1
⇒ Z : X = 1 : 2
= 3 : 6

X : Y = 3 : 2
= 6 : 4

Z : X : Y = 3 : 6 : 4

the amount that Y received = 4 × 1,57,300/13
= Tk. 48400

২০.

250 candidates appeared for an examination, of which 50 failed. The pass percentage is-

ক
20%
খ
40%
গ
60%
ঘ
80%

ব্যাখ্যা

Question: 250 candidates appeared for an examination, of which 50 failed. The pass percentage is-

Solution:
Pass = 250 - 50 = 200

pass percentage = (200/250) × 100%
= 80%