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ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

পরীক্ষাব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্সতারিখতারিখ অনির্ধারিতসময়45 minutes২০ বৈধ · ২ অসম্পূর্ণ
মোট প্রশ্ন২২
সিলেবাস
Math - 03 - Percentage, Profit & Loss, Discount
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ২২ প্রশ্ন

১.
If the price of a commodity increased by 50% by what fraction must its consumption be reduced so as to keep the same expenditure on its consumptions?
  1. ক
    ক) 1/4
  2. খ
    খ) 1/3
  3. গ
    গ) 1/2
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 1/6
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 1/5
ব্যাখ্যা

r = 50
So consumption should reduced = (r/100+r) × 100
= (50/150) × 100
= 33.33% that means 1/3

২.
A fruit seller had some apples. He sells 40% apples and still has 420 apples. Originally, he had:
  1. ক
    ক) 450
  2. খ
    খ) 588
  3. গ
    গ) 600
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 672
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 700
ব্যাখ্যা

He has = 100 - 40 = 60% apples
60% apples is equal to 420
1%. apples is equal to (420/60%)
100% apples is equal to (420/60%) × 100
= 700

৩.
If A's income is 80% of B's income, then B's income is more than A's income by -
  1. ক
    ক) 12.5%
  2. খ
    খ) 15%
  3. গ
    গ) 20%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 25%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 30%
ব্যাখ্যা

When A’s income is Tk 80 B’s Income is Tk 100
when A’s income is Tk 1 B’s Income is Tk 100/80
when A’s income is Tk 100 B’s Income is Tk (100/80) × 100 = 125%

So, A’s income is 125 - 100 = 25% more

Short-cut,
A’s income is 20% less than B’s
r = 20%
(r/100 - r) × 100
(20/100) × 100
= 25%

৪.
A person's salary has increased from tk7200 to tk.8100. What is the percentage increase in his salary?
  1. ক
    ক) 25%
  2. খ
    খ) 18%
  3. গ
    গ) 12.5%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 16.67%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 20%
ব্যাখ্যা

Salary Increased = 8100-7200 = 900
Percent increased = (900/7200) × 100 = 12.5%

৫.
A man spends 35% of his income on food, 25% on children's education and 80% of the remaining on house rent. What percent of his income he is left with?
  1. ক
    ক) 6%
  2. খ
    খ) 8%
  3. গ
    গ) 10%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 12%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 15%
ব্যাখ্যা

Let, total income = 100
Total expense food and education = 35 + 25
= 60
Remaining = (100 - 60) = 40
Expense on house rent = 40 × (80/100) = 32
Remaining after all expense = 40 - 32 = 8

৬.
A salesman gets commission on total sales at 9%. If the sale is exceeded Tk.10,000 he gets an additional commission as bonus of 3% on the excess of sales over Tk.10,000. If he gets total commission of Rs.1380, then what is the sales:
  1. ক
    ক) 1800
  2. খ
    খ) 4000
  3. গ
    গ) 4800
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 5100
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) Insufficient Data
অনির্ধারিত
ব্যাখ্যা

For 10000, he got = 10000 × 9% = 900
Extra Commission he got = 1380 - 900 = 480
Commission in percent = 9% + 3% = 12%
He got Tk 12 commission for Tk 100
He got Tk 1 commission for Tk 100/12
He got Tk 480 commission for Tk (100/12) × 480
= 4000

প্রশ্নে additional sales জানতে চাওয়ার কথা ছিলো।
সেক্ষেত্রে সঠিক উত্তর - খ) 4000 হয়।
কিন্তু অপশনে Total sales - এর পরিমাণ না থাকায় উত্তর বাতিল করা হয়েছে।

৭.
405 sweets were distributed equally among children in such a way that the number of sweets received by each child is 20% of the total number of children. How many sweets did each child receive?
  1. ক
    ক) 9
  2. খ
    খ) 10
  3. গ
    গ) 11
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 12
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) Data Insufficient
ব্যাখ্যা

Let Children = X
A/Q,
405/X = 20% of X
Or, X2 = 2025
Or, x = 45
So each children receive = 405/45
= 9

৮.
A number is decreased by 10% and then increased by 10%. The number so obtained is 10 less than the original number. What was the original number?
  1. ক
    ক) 1000
  2. খ
    খ) 2000
  3. গ
    গ) 3000
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 4000
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 5000
ব্যাখ্যা

x + y + xy/100
= 10 - 10 - (100/100)
= -1%
so, 1% = 10
and 100% = 10 × 100
= 1000

৯.
25% of 25% is equal to-
  1. ক
    ক) 0.0625
  2. খ
    খ) 0.0210
  3. গ
    গ) 0.0525
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 0.0725
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 0.0825
ব্যাখ্যা

25% of 25%
= 0.25 × 0.25
= 0.0625

১০.
If the price of sugar rises from tk. 6 per kg to tk. 7.50 per kg, a person, to have no increase in his expenditure on sugar, will have to reduce his consumption of sugar by-
  1. ক
    ক) 15%
  2. খ
    খ) 20%
  3. গ
    গ) 25%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 30%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) Insufficient Data
ব্যাখ্যা

Increase = 7.5 - 6
= 1.5
percentage of increase= (1.5/6) × 100
= 25%
so, consumption must be reduced by (r/100+r) × 10
= (25/100+25) × 100
= 20%

১১.
Some articles were bought at 6 articles for TK. 5 and sold at 5 articles for Tk. 6. Gain percent is:
  1. ক
    ক) 20%
  2. খ
    খ) 30%
  3. গ
    গ) 33.33%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 35%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 44%
ব্যাখ্যা

Suppose, number of articles bought = L.C.M. of 6 and 5 = 30.
C.P. of 30 articles = TK.(5/6)x 30 = Tk. 25.
S.P. of 30 articles = Tk. (6/5)x 30 = Tk. 36.
Gain % = (11/25)x 100 = 44%.

১২.
The price of an article was increased by p% . Later the new price was decreased by p%. If the latest price was TK. 1, The original price was:
  1. ক
    ক) 1
  2. খ
    খ) (1 - p2)/100
  3. গ
    গ) 10000/(1000-p2)
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) √{(1 - p2)/100}
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) None of above
ব্যাখ্যা

At p% profit, selling price = 100 + p
at p% loss, new selling price = (100 + p) - (100 + p) × p/100
= (100 + p) - {(100p + p2)/100}
= 10000 + 100p - 100p - p2
= (10000 - p2)/100

so, (10000 - p2)/100 is equal to 1
1 is equal to 1/(10000 - p2)/100
100 is equal to 1 × (100/ 10000 - p2) × 100
= 10000/(10000 - p2)

অপশন গ) (10000/10000-p^2) হওয়ার কথা ছিলো। সেক্ষেত্রে উত্তর ঠিক হয়।
লাইভ পরীক্ষার প্রশ্নে অপশন ভুল থাকায় উত্তর হিসাবে ঙ) None of above কে ধরা হয়েছে।

১৩.
By selling 36 oranges, a vendor loses the selling price of 4 oranges. His loss percent is:
  1. ক
    ক) 12.5%
  2. খ
    খ) 11(1/9)
  3. গ
    গ) 10
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 12
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 15
ব্যাখ্যা

Let selling price each oranges is TK 1
so selling price of 36 oranges is Tk. 36
loses on oranges is Tk. 4
so cost price = 36+4=40
therefore, Loss percent= (loss/cost price) × 100
= (4/40) × 100
= 10%

১৪.
When a plot is sold at TK. 18700, the owner loss at 15%, at price he must sold it to get 15% profit = ?
  1. ক
    ক) 21,000
  2. খ
    খ) 22,500
  3. গ
    গ) 25,300
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 25,800
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 26,300
ব্যাখ্যা

Let the new S.P. be Tk . x
Then, 85 : 18700 = 115 : x
⇒ x = (18700 × 115)/85
⇒ x = 25300

১৫.
A man sells two horses for tk 4000 each, neither losing nor gaining in the deal. If he sold 1 horse at a gain of 25%, the other horse is sold at a loss of:
  1. ক
    ক) 16.67
  2. খ
    খ) 18.33
  3. গ
    গ) 25%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 20%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 12.5%
ব্যাখ্যা

ধরি প্রথম ঘোড়ার ক্রয়মূল্য = x টাকা
তাহলে, x + x এর 25/100 = 4000
বা, x = 3200 টাকা

তাহলে প্রথম ঘোড়ার ক্ষেত্রে মোট লাভ করেছে ৮০০ টাকা তাহলে দ্বিতীয় ঘোড়াতে ক্ষতি হয়েছে = ৮০০ টাকা

তাহলে দ্বিতীয় ঘোড়ার ক্রয়মূল্য = ৪০০০ + ৮০০ = ৪৮০০ টাকা।

তাহলে ক্ষতির শতকরা হার = (৮০০ × ১০০) / ৪৮০০  = ১৬.৬৭%

১৬.
A radio sold a loss of 2.5%. Had he sold it for Tk. 100 more, he would have gained 7.5%. In order to gain 12.5%, he should sell it for:
  1. ক
    ক) 850
  2. খ
    খ) 925
  3. গ
    গ) 1080
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 1125
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 1200
ব্যাখ্যা

Cost Price = 100
Selling price = 100 - 2.5 = 97.5
New selling price at 7.5% = 107.5
difference between two selling price = 107.5 - 97.5 = 10
10% price is equal to Tk. 100
1% price is equal to Tk. 100/10%
100% price is equal to Tk. (100/10%) × 100
= 1000
so Cost price = 1000
SP at 12.5% = (100+12.5/100) × 1000
= 1125

১৭.
A dealer sells a radio at a gain of 10%. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for Tk. 132 less, he would have still gained 10%. The cost price of the radio is:
  1. ক
    ক) 1188
  2. খ
    খ) 1200
  3. গ
    গ) 1320
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 1400
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 1500
ব্যাখ্যা

Cost Price = 100
Selling price = 100 + 10 = 110
New cost price after 10% less = 100 - 10 = 90
New selling price = 90 × (110/100) = 99
difference between two selling price = 110 - 99 = 11%
11% price is equal to Tk. 132
1% price is equal to Tk. 132/11%
100% price is equal to Tk. (132/11%) × 100
= 1200

১৮.
A tradesman by means of a false balance defrauds to the extent of 8% in buying goods and also defrauds to 8% in selling. His gain percent is:
  1. ক
    ক) 15.48%
  2. খ
    খ) 16%
  3. গ
    গ) 16.64%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 18%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 22%
ব্যাখ্যা

Since he make 8% profit so his purchase = 100 + 8 = 108
He make 8% more profit during sales so his sales = (108/100) × 108 = 116.64
so profit = 116.64 - 100
= 16.64
Short Cut (with increase decrease short cut)
X + Y + (xy/100)
= 8 + 8 + (8×8/100) ( since he his making profit so count is as a increase)
= 16.64

১৯.
A manufacturer marked an article at Tk.50 and sold it allowing 20% discount. If his profit was 25%, then the cost price of the article was-
  1. ক
    ক) Tk.40
  2. খ
    খ) Tk.35
  3. গ
    গ) Tk.32
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Tk. 30
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) Tk. 36
ব্যাখ্যা

Selling price = 50 - (50 × 20%)
= 50 - 10
= 40
Cost Price = (100/100+25) × 40
= (100/125) × 40
= 32

২০.
Manoj sold an article for TK.15,000. Had he offered a discount of 10% on the selling price he would have earned a profit of 8%. What is the cost price?
  1. ক
    ক) TK.12,500
  2. খ
    খ) TK.13,500
  3. গ
    গ) TK.12,250
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) TK.13,250
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) Tk. 14,250
ব্যাখ্যা

Let the cost price x.
Therefore, 90% of 15000 = 108% of x .
Or, x = 90 × 15000108
Or, x = Tk. 12500

২১.
A watch costing Tk. 120 was sold at loss of 15%. At what percent was it sold?
  1. ক
    ক) 112
  2. খ
    খ) 102
  3. গ
    গ) 135
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 110
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 114
অনির্ধারিত
ব্যাখ্যা

SP = {(100-15)/100} × 120
= 102

প্রশ্নে at what percent এর পরিবর্তে at what price হওয়ার কথা ছিলো।
প্রশ্নে ভুল থাকায় উত্তর বাতিল করা হয়েছে।

২২.
An umbrella marked at Tk. 80 is sold for Tk. 68. The rate of discount is:
  1. ক
    ক) 15%
  2. খ
    খ) 12%
  3. গ
    গ) 17.5%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 20%
  5. ঙ
    ঙ) 25%
ব্যাখ্যা

Discount = 80 - 68 = 12
Discount Rate = (12/80) × 100
= 15%