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Bank English Preparation

পরীক্ষাBank English Preparationতারিখতারিখ অনির্ধারিতসময়10 minutes
মোট প্রশ্ন১৬
সিলেবাস
Preliminary Exam - 5: [Live Class – 9 & 10] Topic: Conditional sentence, Conjunction, Parallelism, (Practice part - Vocabulary, Analogy, Preposition, Group verb) & Voice, (Practice Part-Vocabulary, Analogy, Preposition, Group verb)
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Bank English Preparation

Bank English Preparation · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ১৬ প্রশ্ন

.
I wouldn't worry if __________.
  1. I would you
  2. I was you
  3. I were you
  4. I would be you
ব্যাখ্যা

Second Conditionals এর নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
- If যুক্ত clause টিতে Past Simple tense থাকলে, অপর clause টি Future in Past (S + would/might/could + Base Form of the Verb) হয়। 
- Structure: If + past simple >> + would + infinitive.

Examples: 
- If we had a garden, we could have a cat.
- If I won a lot of money, I'd buy a big house in the country.
- I wouldn't worry if I were you.

উল্লেখ্য, If এর পর যদি be verb থাকে, তাহলে 'were' ব্যবহার করা Grammatically correct. 

.
He had better ________ a helmet while riding his bike for safety.
  1. wear
  2. would wear
  3. wore
  4. worn
ব্যাখ্যা

• Had better এর ক্ষেত্রে:
- Had better অর্থ তবুও/ বরং ভালো।
- Had better যুক্ত sentence past tense এর হলেও তা মূলত past tense নয়।
- Had better- unreal past ইহা present/ future tense এর অর্থ প্রকাশ করে
- Had better এর পর infinitive to বসে না।
- সর্বদা verb এর base form বসে।

Examples: 
- You had better study hard if you want to pass the exam.
- We had better leave now if we want to catch the train on time.
- She had better apologize for her behavior.

Complete Sentence - He had better wear a helmet while riding his bike for safety.

.
Had I known in advance, I ______ enough money.
  1. would take
  2. take
  3. took
  4. would have taken
ব্যাখ্যা
• Third conditional এর নিয়মানুযায়ী - 
- অনেকসময় conditional-এ subordinate conjunction if এর পরিবর্তে sentence এর শুরুতে Had ব্যবহার করা যায় এবং এর পর verb এর past participle form বসে।
- Conditional sentence- এ Had + Sub + V3 + Ext. এভাবে কোন Sentence শুরু হলে সেটিও Perfect conditional/ 3rd conditional হয়।
- তাই পরবর্তী clause এ would/could/might + have + V3 + extension ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Examples:
- Had I seen him, I would have told him the matter.
- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

Complete sentence: Had I known in advance, I would have taken enough money.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
.
He spoke as though _____________.
  1. he knew everything
  2. he had known all the answers
  3. he knows everything
  4. he has all the answers
ব্যাখ্যা

• As if/as though (conjunction) এর ব্যবহার: 
- as if/as though এর পূর্বে present indefinite tense থাকলে as if/as though এর পরে past indefinite হয়।
- be verb থাকলে সবসময় were হয়।

Example: He speaks as if he were mad.

• আবার, as if/as though এর পূর্বে Past indefinite tense থাকলে as if/as though এর পরে past perfect হয়।
Example: He spoke as though he had been mad.

তাই, Complete Sentence - He spoke as though he had known all the answers.

.
Which of the following sentence constructions is correct?
  1. Would that the weather could be sunny for our picnic.
  2. Would that the weather could sunny for our picnic.
  3. Would that the weather could have been sunny for our picnic.
  4. Would that the weather being sunny for our picnic?
ব্যাখ্যা

• Would that এর ব্যবহার: 
- Sentence এর শুরুতে would that থাকলে subject এর পরে could বসে এবং প্রদত্ত verb এর present form বসে। 
- অবাস্তব ইচ্ছা বা সম্ভাবনা প্রকাশে Would that ব্যবহৃত হয়। 

Examples: 
- Would that I could go back in time and undo my mistakes.
- Would that she could see how much I care for her. 

Complete Sentence - Would that the weather could be sunny for our picnic. 

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English by Chowdhury & Hossain. 

.
The author dedicated his new book to his wife.
What is the passive voice form of the above sentence?
  1. His wife was dedicated the new book to by the author.
  2. The new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
  3. To his wife was dedicated the new book by the author.
  4. His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.
ব্যাখ্যা

Double object যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম: 
1) দুটি object এর যেকোন একটিকে passive voice এর subject করতে হয় (তবে ব্যক্তিবাচক অর্থাৎ Indirect object- কে subject করাই শ্রেয়) + 
2) Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে + 
3) প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে + 
4) প্রদত্ত বাকী object টি বসে + 
5) by বসে + 
6) প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject টি object রূপে বসে।

Examples - 
Active: He won't give you any chance.
Passive: You won't be given any chance by him.

Active: The company offered the new employees excellent benefits.
Passive: Excellent benefits were offered to the new employees by the company.

Active: The jeweler promised the bride a beautiful ring.
Passive: A beautiful ring was promised to the bride by the jeweler.

So, the correct passive form - His new book was dedicated to his wife by the author.

.
People say that good things come to those who wait. (Make it passive)
  1. Good things are said to come to those who wait.
  2. Those who wait are said to have good things come to them.
  3. People said that good things come to those who wait.
  4. It is said that good things come to those who wait.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Compound Sentence এবং Complex Sentence-এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এর উভয় clause-কে একই voice-এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
- Active Voice People say দিয়ে শুরু হলে passive voice It is said দিয়ে শুরু করা হয়।

• Active voice এ people + stative verb (know, think, understand, know, find, say, etc) + that + clause থাকলে, passive করার নিয়ম হচ্ছে - 
- It is /was (tense অনুযায়ী) + said + that + clause (যা আছে তাই) টি।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
Active: People say that good things come to those who wait.
Passive: It is said that good things come to those who wait.
.
Water the plants daily. (Change the voice)
  1. The plants be watered daily.
  2. Let daily the plants be watered.
  3. Let the plants be watered daily.
  4. Let the plants daily be watered.
ব্যাখ্যা
• শুধু মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসবে;
- Active voice এর object টির subject রূপে বসবে;
- be বসবে;
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।

Structure: Let + object টির subject হয় + be + মূল verb এর past participle + extensions. 

Active: Water the plants daily. 
Passive: Let the plants be watered daily.

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC by Chowdhury & Hossain.
.
The construction workers built a new shopping mall in the city center within six months.
Which of the following correctly transforms the active sentence into a passive voice?
  1. A new shopping mall was building in the city center within six months.
  2. A new shopping mall was built in the city center within six months.
  3. A new shopping mall was building by the construction workers in the city center within six months.
  4. A new shopping mall was being built in the city center within six months.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম: 
- Object টির subject form +
- was/were +
- মূল verb এর past participle +
- by +
- subject টির objective form বসে।

Active: The construction workers built a new shopping mall in the city center within six months.
Passive: A new shopping mall was built in the city center within six months (by the construction workers).

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English by Chowdhury & Hossain.
১০.
I heard her singing in the shower. (Make it passive)
  1. She was heard by singing in the shower.
  2. Singing in the shower was heard by her.
  3. Her singing in the shower is heard by me.
  4. Her singing in the shower was heard by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Make, need, dare, bare, hear, feel, know ইত্যাদি causative verb গুলোর পর active voice এ bare infinitive হয় অর্থাৎ to উহ্য থাকে। 
কিন্তু passive এ পরিবর্তন করবার সময় তাদের পর to বসাতে হয়। 

• Causative verb যুক্ত বাক্যটির passive voice- এর structure: 
- Object কে  Sub + Auxiliary verb + Causative verb - এর Past Participle + to +  মুল verb + by + Sub কে Object.

Active: I heard her singing in the shower.
Passive: Her singing in the shower was heard by me.
১১.
Stop beating about the bush and just tell me what happened!
The underlined part means -
  1. To defeat an opponent with ease.
  2. To ignore your feelings.
  3. To avoid discussing the main topic.
  4. To be impossible to believe or describe.
ব্যাখ্যা
Beat about the bush:
English Meaning: To discuss a matter without coming to the point.
- In other words: means to avoid discussing the main topic or issue, and instead talk about irrelevant or unrelated things.
- It refers to someone who is not getting to the point or being straightforward in their communication.

Bangla Meaning: ঘুরিয়ে কোথা বলা / পরোক্ষভাবে বলা। 

Ex. Sentence: Quit beating around the bush and say what you want.
Bangla Meaning: ঘুরিয়ে পেঁচিয়ে না বলে কী চাও সরাসরি বলো।

Source: Live MCQ Lecture
১২.
LOGIC : REASONING ::
  1. Sensitivity : Morality
  2. Ethics : Behavior
  3. Creativity : Enthusiasm
  4. Bravery : Charisma
ব্যাখ্যা
Logic (noun) - যুক্তিবিদ্যা;
Reasoning (noun) - যুক্তিবৃত্তির মাধ্যমে সিদ্ধান্তে উপনীত হওয়ার প্রক্রিয়া; যুক্তিবিন্যাস; যুক্তিপাত।

সম্পর্ক: যুক্তিবিদ্যায় বিভিন্ন যুক্তিবিন্যাস সম্পর্কে আলোচনা করা হয়।

অপশনসমূহ,
Sensitivity - অনুভবশক্তি; Morality - নৈতিকতা।
Ethics - নীতিবিদ্যা; Behavior - আচরণ।
Creativity - সৃজনশীলতা; Enthusiasm - প্রবল উৎসাহ।
Bravery - সাহসিকতা; Charisma - ঐশ্বরিক করুণা; আধ্যাত্মিক শক্তি, সৌন্দর্য বা মহিমা।

অপশনসমূহ বিবেচনা করে দেখা যায়,
Ethics : Behavior সঠিক, কেননা নীতিবিদ্যায় মানুষের আচার-আচরণ নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হয়।

Source: Accessible Dictionary by Bangla Academy. 
১৩.
An extreme fear of heights -
  1. Acrophobia
  2. Aerophobia
  3. Androphobia
  4. Emetophobia
ব্যাখ্যা

Acrophobia: 
English Meaning - Extreme or irrational fear of heights. 
Bengali Meaning - উচ্চতা - ভীতি। 

Other options, 
Aerophobia - The fear of traveling in an aircraft. 
Androphobia - Fear of men. 
Emetophobia - Extreme fear of vomiting or of seeing other people vomit. 

Source: Cambridge Dictionary and Live MCQ Lecture. 

১৪.
She is ______ a state of depression.
  1. at
  2. in
  3. to
  4. by
ব্যাখ্যা

• অবস্থা বা মানসিক অবস্থা বুঝাতে preposition হিসেবে 'in' ব্যবহৃত হয়। 
যেমন: 
- The baby is in a deep sleep.
- They are in debt.
- He is in pain after the accident.
- She is in a state of confusion. 

তাই, Complete Sentence - She is in a state of depression. (সে অবসাদগ্রস্ত।) 

• আরো কিছু ক্ষেত্রে Preposition হিসেবে 'in' এর ব্যবহার: 
1. অবস্থানের ক্ষেত্রে ভিতরে বা মধ্যে বোঝাতে in বসে।
যেমন: My pen was in the drawer. We are in the class.

2. সপ্তাহ, মাস, ঋতু, বছর, শতাব্দী ও সহস্রাব্দের পূর্বে in বসে।
যেমন: We will go in March. She likes to travel in winter. In the first week.

3. স্থানের ক্ষেত্রে বড়ো স্থানের পূর্বে in বসে।
যেমন: Bangladesh is a country in Asia. He lives in Dhaka.

4. কোনো পাঠ্য বা গবেষণার বিষয়ের পূর্বে in বসে।
যেমন: He studies in physics. She completed masters in economics.

5. পরিধান করে আছে এমন বোঝাতে in বসে।
যেমন: The boy in blue shirt is my friend. She was in jeans.

Source: 
1. Cambridge Dictionary. 
2. Live MCQ Lecture. 

১৫.
PREEMPT : PRECEDENCE ::
  1. dissemble : diplomacy
  2. superintend : culpability
  3. preside : arbitration
  4. acquire : possession
ব্যাখ্যা

Preempt (verb): 
Meaning - অগ্রক্রয়াধিকার বলে পাওয়া।

Precedence (noun): 
Meaning - অগ্রপদ বা অগ্রবর্তিতার অধিকার; অগ্রাধিকার; অগ্রগণ্যতা। 

সম্পর্ক: Precedence এর ভিত্তিতে পাওয়াকে Preempt বলে। 

অপশনসমুহ, 
dissemble - ছদ্মবেশ ধারণ করা; diplomacy - কূটনীতি। 
superintend - (কাজকর্মে) অবেক্ষণ ও পরিচালনা করা; culpability - শাস্তিযোগ্যতা।
preside - সভাপতিত্ব/পৌরোহিত্য করা; arbitration - মধ্যস্থতা। 
acquire - অর্জন করা; possession - স্বামিত্ব; স্বত্ব; অধিকার; দখল; আয়ত্ত। 

অপশনসমূহ বিবেচনা করে দেখা যায়, সঠিক উত্তরটি হচ্ছে acquire : possession
- কেননা, possession এর ভিত্তিতে পাওয়াকে acquire বলে। 

Source: Accessible Dictionary by Bangla Academy. 

১৬.
Choose the correct spelling.
  1. Catarpillar
  2. Caterpillar
  3. Caterpilar
  4. Catarpilar
ব্যাখ্যা

Caterpillar (noun): 
English Meaning - A small, long animal with many legs that feeds on the leaves of plants, and develops into a butterfly or moth. 
Bangla Meaning - শুঁয়া পোকা।

Example Sentences:
- All plants were checked for the presence of caterpillars and/or damaged leaves.
- Lizards attacked far fewer sawfly larvae than pierid caterpillars.

Source: Cambridge Dictionary.