পরীক্ষা আর্কাইভ

৪৫ দিনে ৫০তম বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক] - Archived

পরীক্ষা৪৫ দিনে ৫০তম বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক] - Archivedতারিখতারিখ অনির্ধারিতসময়20 minutes
মোট প্রশ্ন৩২
সিলেবাস
পরীক্ষা - ১৩ English Grammar Topics: 1. Idioms and Phrases [Meaning of Phrases, Kinds of Phrases and Identifying Phrases] 2. Sentence and Transformation [The Simple, Compound and Compound Sentence, The Active and Passive Voice, The Positive, Comparative and Superlative Degree] 3. Composition [Name of the parts of the Paragraph/Letters/Application etc. 4. Words (Part - 1) [Spelling, Word Meaning, Antonym, Synonym of the Word A to M] সোর্স: প্রচলিত যেকোনো গাইড বই, High School English Grammar and Composition by Wren and Martin, Advanced Learner's Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain, A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hossain, Applied English Grammar and Composition by P. C. Das, English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy, Cliffs TOEFL Dictionaries (Oxford, Cambridge, Merriam-Webster etc.) [সকল বই পড়া জরুরি নয়। গাইড বইয়ের পাশাপাশি উপর্যুক্ত বইগুলোর যেকোনো একটি বেছে নিন]
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

৪৫ দিনে ৫০তম বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক] - Archived

৪৫ দিনে ৫০তম বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক] - Archived · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ৩২ প্রশ্ন

.
If you stay calm, you will succeed.
Make it compound.
  1. Staying calm makes you successful.
  2. Stay calm and you will succeed.
  3. Keep calm to succeed.
  4. In order to be successful, you need to be calm.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Stay calm and you will succeed.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Stay calm and you will succeed.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: Stay calm and you will succeed.

• If যুক্ত Complex Sentence-টি Negative অর্থবোধক হলে Compound Sentence-এ পরিবর্তন করার সময় নিম্নের নিয়মটি প্রয়োগ করতে হয়:

- If থেকে not পর্যন্ত উঠে যায়। বাকী অংশ বসে + coordinating conjunctions বসে + বাকী Clause টি বসে।
- If you stay calm, you will succeed.
- The original sentence is complex, with a subordinate clause: "If you stay calm".
- In the compound form, we replace the conditional clause with coordinating conjunctions like "and", "or", "but", etc.
- So, "If you stay calm" becomes "Stay calm" (imperative), and it's joined by "and".

- Complex: If you stay calm, you will succeed.
- Compound: Stay calm and you will succeed.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
.
'A fool's paradise' means-
  1. Someone who is uncomfortable in a specific situation
  2. An inevitable result
  3. A difficult problem
  4. A state of delusory happiness
সঠিক উত্তর:
A state of delusory happiness
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
A state of delusory happiness
ব্যাখ্যা
• 'A fool's paradise' means- A state of delusory happiness.

• A fool's paradise
English Meaning: a state of delusory happiness.
Bangla Meaning: ভ্রান্ত সুখ (বোকার স্বর্গ)।

Ex. Sentence: They were living in a fool's paradise, refusing to accept that they were in debt.

• Other options:
• A fish out of water
English Meaning: someone who is uncomfortable in a specific situation.
Bangla Meaning: অস্বস্তিকর অবস্থা / বেকায়দা অবস্থা।
Ex. Sentence: I felt like a fish out of water at my new school.

• A foregone conclusion
English Meaning: a result that can be predicted with certainty; an inevitable result.
Bangla Meaning: অবশ্যম্ভাবী, পূর্ব নির্ধারিত।
Ex. Sentence: The result of the election seems to be a foregone conclusion.

• A hard/tough nut to crack
English Meaning: a difficult problem or an opponent that is hard to beat.
Bangla Meaning: দূরহ সমস্যা / যখন কোন প্রতিযোগীকে পরাজিত করা কঠিন।
Ex. Sentence: Beating Australia in cricket is a hard nut to crack.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
.
Though he was weak, he went to school.
Make it simple-
  1. He was weak and he went to school.
  2. He went to school though he was weak.
  3. Despite his weakness, he went to school.
  4. He was weak but he went to school.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Despite his weakness, he went to school.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Despite his weakness, he went to school.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: গ) Despite his weakness, he went to school.

• Though / although যুক্ত clause-এ যদি verb to be (am, is, are, was, were) থাকে তাহলে নীচের নিয়মের সাহায্যে simple করতে হয়-

- Though/although-এর পরিবর্তে in spite of বসে, 
- সে বাক্যের subject টিকে possessive করতে হয়,
- to be verb (am, is, are, was, were) এর পরিবর্তে being বসে,
- sentence এর বাকী অংশ অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় বসে।
- inspite of-এর পরিবর্তে despite ব্যবহার করা যায়।
- though / although যুক্ত clause টি sentence-এর দ্বিতীয় অংশে বসলেও verb to be -এর একই নিয়ম প্রযোজ্য।

- to be verb এর পরে যে adjective টি থাকে সে adjective টিকে যদি noun এ রূপান্তর করা হয়, সেক্ষেত্রে being ব্যবহৃত হয় না। adjective কে noun এ রূপান্তরিত করাই শ্রেয়।

Complex: Though he was weak, he went to school.
Simple: Despite / In spite of + his + being weak, he went to school.
Or. Despite / In spite of + his + weakness (weak কে noun-এ রূপান্তরিত করে), he went to school.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
.
The CEO is all ears in the meeting.
Here, 'all ears' means-
  1. Always support no matter what.
  2. Listening eagerly.
  3. Get into serious trouble.
  4. In favour/disfavour with someone.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Listening eagerly.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Listening eagerly.
ব্যাখ্যা
• 'all ears' means- Be listening eagerly.

• Be all ears
English Meaning: be listening eagerly.
Bangla Meaning: উৎকর্ণ হয়ে শোনা।
Ex. Sentence: I'm all ears, tell me about it.

• Other options:
• Through thick and thin
English Meaning: you always support or stay with them, even if there are problems or difficulties.
Bangla Meaning: বাধা বিপত্তির মধ্য দিয়ে থাকা।

• Be in deep water
English Meaning: to be in or get into serious trouble.
Bangla Meaning: অথৈ জলে পড়া / খুব বিপদে পড়া।

• Be in someone’s good/bad books
English Meaning: In favour/disfavour with someone.
Bangla Meaning: কারো উপর অন্য আরেকজনের সন্তুষ্টি / অসন্তুষ্টি।
Ex. Sentence: I cleaned the bathroom yesterday, so I'm in Mum's good books.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
.
I ran fast but I could not get the train.
Make it simple-
  1. In spite of my running fast, I could not get the train.
  2. Though I ran fast, I missed the train.
  3. Running fast, I missed the train.
  4. I ran fast, yet I missed the train.
সঠিক উত্তর:
In spite of my running fast, I could not get the train.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
In spite of my running fast, I could not get the train.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: In spite of my running fast, I could not get the train.

• But যুক্ত Compound sentence কে Simple Sentence এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম- 

- প্রথমে Inspite of বসে + প্রথম Sentence এর Subject এর Posssesive form বসেছে + প্রথম Sentence এর am/is/are/was/were এর পরিবর্তে being বসে বা has, have, had, এর পরিবর্তে having বসে বা প্রথম বাক্যের মূল verb এর সাথে ing যোগ করতে হয়+ but এর পরিবর্তে comma (,) বসে+ দ্বিতীয় Sentence টি বসে।

• Compound: He is ill but he can run fast.
- Simple: In spite of his being ill, he can run fast.

• Compound: I ran fast but I could not get the train.
- Simple: In spite of my running fast, I could not get the train.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
.
The junior architect calls into question about the plan.
What is the meaning of the underlined part?
  1. Decide or agree to stop doing something
  2. To address or speak of a person.
  3. To cause doubts about something.
  4. To express public or formal disapproval of.
সঠিক উত্তর:
To cause doubts about something.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
To cause doubts about something.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct answer: গ) To cause doubts about something.

• Call into question:
- English Meaning: to cause doubts about something.
- Bangla Meaning: কোনো বিষয়ে সন্দেহ পোষণ করা, আপত্তি তোলা।
- Ex. Sentence: His honesty can’t be called into question.

• Other options:
• Call it a day:
- English Meaning: decide or agree to stop doing something / end a period of activity, especially resting content that enough has been done.
- Bangla Meaning: কিছুতে সমাপ্তি টানতে একমত হওয়া।
- Ex. Sentence: I'm getting a bit tired now - let's call it a day.

• Call name:
- English Meaning: to address or speak of a person or thing contemptuously or offensively.
- Bangla Meaning: গালমন্দ করা ।
- Ex. Sentence: The new boy in class is always calling us names.

• Call to account:
- English Meaning: to express public or formal disapproval of.
- Bangla Meaning: জনসম্মুখে নিন্দা / সমালোচনা করা / অপমান করা।
- Ex. Sentence: The government is being called to account for the economic disaster.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
.
Choose the correct complex sentence of:
"He was intelligent enough to solve the problem."
  1. He was so intelligent that he could solve the problem.
  2. He was intelligent and solved the problem.
  3. He solved the problem because he was intelligent.
  4. Being intelligent, he solved the problem.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was so intelligent that he could solve the problem.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was so intelligent that he could solve the problem.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: ক) He was so intelligent that he could solve the problem.

• "He was intelligent enough to solve the problem."
- মূল বাক্যটি একটি Simple Sentence এবং এর কাঠামো:
- "adjective + enough + to-infinitive"
- যেমন: intelligent enough to solve.
- এই ধরনের বাক্যকে Complex করতে হয়:
- so + adjective + that + বাক্য,
তাই,
- "He was intelligent enough to solve the problem."
- "He was so intelligent that he could solve the problem."

• Other options:
খ) He was intelligent and solved the problem. → Compound Sentence.

গ) He solved the problem because he was intelligent. → Complex Sentence, কিন্তু অন্য ধরনের কারণ নির্দেশ করে, "enough to" নয়।

ঘ) Being intelligent, he solved the problem. → Simple Sentence, participle দিয়ে শুরু।

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
.
'Care for someone' means-
  1. Be victorious or successful.
  2. Visionary unattainable schemes.
  3. To get rid of someone or something.
  4. To protect someone or something and provide the things they need.
সঠিক উত্তর:
To protect someone or something and provide the things they need.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
To protect someone or something and provide the things they need.
ব্যাখ্যা
• 'Care for someone' means- to protect someone or something and provide the things they need.

• Care for someone:
- English Meaning: to protect someone or something and provide the things they need, especially someone who is young, old, or ill.
- Bangla Meaning: যত্ন নেওয়া, সুরক্ষা প্রদান করা।
- Ex. Sentence: The children are being cared for by a relative.

• Other options:
• Carry the day
- English Meaning: be victorious or successful.
- Bangla Meaning: জয়লাভ করা বা সফল।
- Ex. Sentence: Blistering batting by Soumya Sarkar helped carry the day for Bangladesh.

• Castles in the air
- English Meaning: visionary unattainable schemes / daydreams.
- Bangla Meaning: আকাশ কুসুম কল্পনা / অবাস্তব কল্পনা।
- Ex. Sentence: She keeps talking about her big-time ambitions, but it's all castles in the air.

• Cast aside
- English Meaning: to get rid of someone or something / discard or reject someone or something.
- Bangla Meaning: (কিছু) সম্পর্কে চিন্তাভাবনা বন্ধ করা / কোন কিছু বা কাউকে এড়িয়ে যাওয়া।
- Ex. Sentence: She tried to cast aside her worries and enjoy the party.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.
.
Choose the compound sentence of:
"Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus."
  1. Hurry or you will miss the bus.
  2. You must hurry and catch the bus.
  3. If you don’t hurry, the bus will miss you.
  4. You may miss the bus because you are late.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hurry or you will miss the bus.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Hurry or you will miss the bus.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: ক) Hurry or you will miss the bus.

- "Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus."
- The original sentence is complex with the conditional clause introduced by "Unless" (meaning "if not").
- Compound sentence করতে, "unless" বাদ দিয়ে coordinating conjunction "or" দিয়ে দুটি independent clauses যুক্ত করা হয়।

- Complex: "Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus."
- Compound: "Hurry or you will miss the bus."

• Other options:
খ) You must hurry and catch the bus. - নির্দেশমূলক বাক্য, কিন্তু compound নয়।

গ) If you don’t hurry, the bus will miss you. - অর্থ পরিবর্তন হয়েছে, ভুল।

ঘ) You may miss the bus because you are late. - কারণ-ফল সম্পর্ক, compound নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১০.
I had written the book. (Passive Voice)
  1. The book was written by me.
  2. The book had been written by me.
  3. The book is written by me.
  4. The book has been written by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The book had been written by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The book had been written by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: The book had been written by me.

• Past Perfect Tense এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরির্তন করার নিয়ম -
- Object টি Subject হয়+ had been বসে+ মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে+ by বসে+ Subject টির Objective form বসে।
- Structure:- Object টির Subjective form + had been +মূল Verb এর Past Participle + by + Subject টির Objective form

- Active: I had written the book.
- Passive: The book had been written by me.

• Other options:
ক) The book was written by me.
- এটি Simple Past Passive। অর্থাৎ, সাধারণ অতীতে লেখা হয়েছিল। কিন্তু মূল বাক্যের tense Past Perfect, তাই সঠিক নয় ।

গ) The book is written by me.
- এটি Simple Present Passive। মানে, নিয়মিত বা বর্তমানে লেখা হয়। এটা পুরোপুরি ভিন্ন অর্থ।

ঘ) The book has been written by me.
- এটি Present Perfect Passive। অর্থাৎ, বইটি সাম্প্রতিক কোনো সময়ে লেখা হয়েছে বা এখনো সম্পন্ন হয়েছে। আবারো, মূল বাক্যের tense থেকে ভিন্ন।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১১.
There is no hard and fast rule in fight club.
The underlined phrase is-
  1. Prepositional phrase
  2. Adjective phrase
  3. Verbal phrase
  4. Adverbial phrase
সঠিক উত্তর:
Adjective phrase
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Adjective phrase
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: খ) Adjective phrase.

- Hard and fast : একটি compound adjective.
- এটি “rule” (নিয়ম) শব্দটিকে Adjective হিসেবে ব্যাখ্যা করছে।
- তাই এটি একটি adjective phrase.

- Hard and fast 
- Bangla Meaning: বাঁধা-ধরা; অপরিবর্তনীয়ভাবে বিধিবদ্ধ; বাঁধাধরা।
- English Meaning: not to be modified or evaded : strict.

• Other options:
ক) Prepositional phrase:
- এতে সাধারণত একটি preposition (on, in, of) এবং একটি object থাকে।
- উদাহরণ: in fight club → এটি একটি prepositional phrase.
- কিন্তু hard and fast rule তেমন নয়।

গ) Verbal phrase:
- এতে verb বা verb-এর রূপ (e.g., going, to eat) থাকে।
- এখানে কোনও verb phrase নেই।

ঘ) Adverbial phrase:
- এটি verb বা adjective-কে modify করে।
- “Hard and fast rule” কোনো verb-কে modify করছে না, বরং noun “rule”-কে modify করছে।

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
১২.
Choose the correct passive voice of:
"I will give you the money."
  1. The money will be given to you by me.
  2. The money is given to you by me.
  3. The money was given to you by me.
  4. The money has been given to you by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The money will be given to you by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The money will be given to you by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: ক) The money will be given to you by me.

- Future Indefinite tense যুক্ত 'Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম -

- Object টি Subject হয়+ shall be/ will be বসে+ মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে+ by বসে+ Subject টির Objective form বসে।
- Structure:- Object টির Subjective form + will be/ shall be+ মূল Verb এর Past Participle + by + subject টির objective form বসে। যেমন-
Active: I shall do the work.
Passive: The work will be done by me.

• Active Voice: "I will give you the money."
- Sentence এ direct and indirect object থাকলে,
- Direct object (the money) → subject in passive.
- Indirect object (you ) → comes after the verb with "to" or "for".

Passive Voice: "The money will be given to you by me."

Other options:
খ) The money is given to you by me. - Simple Present Passive (does not match future tense).

গ) The money was given to you by me. - Simple Past Passive (does not match future tense).

ঘ) The money has been given to you by me. - Present Perfect Passive (does not match future tense).

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১৩.
Identify the verbal phrase.
  1. Kith and kin
  2. Of beauty
  3. Look forward to
  4. With all sincerity
সঠিক উত্তর:
Look forward to
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Look forward to
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Look forward to.

• Look forward to:
- Bangla Meaning: সানন্দে প্রতীক্ষা করা, আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে চিঠি লেখার শেষে ব্যবহৃত অভিব্যক্তি। 
- English Meaning: as in expect, to believe in the future occurrence of (something).

- "Look forward to" is a verbal phrase.
- It is a phrasal verb that means to wait eagerly for something.
- Example: I look forward to meeting you.

• Other options:
ক) Kith and kin
- Bangla Meaning: আত্মীয়স্বজন ; নিকট আত্মীয়; জ্ঞাতিকুটুম্ব ও বন্ধুগণ।
- English Meaning: friends and relatives.
- এটি একটি noun phrase.

খ) Of beauty
- এটি একটি prepositional phrase (পদান্বয়ী বাক্যাংশ)।
- “Of” একটি preposition এবং “beauty” একটি noun.

ঘ) With all sincerity
- এটি একটি adverbial prepositional phrase.
- “With” একটি preposition এবং বাকিটা object.
- কাজ করছে adverb হিসেবে, verb নয়।

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
১৪.
Choose the correct passive voice of:
"I am going to fix the broken pipe."
  1. The broken pipe will be fixed by me.
  2. The broken pipe is going to fix by me.
  3. The broken pipe is going to be fixed by me.
  4. The broken pipe has been fixed by me.
সঠিক উত্তর:
The broken pipe is going to be fixed by me.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
The broken pipe is going to be fixed by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: গ) The broken pipe is going to be fixed by me.

• May, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice পরিবর্তন করার সময় এদের পরে be বসে এবং তার পরেই মূল Verb টির Past Participle বসে।

• Structure: Object টির Subject form + may/might-+ be + মূল verb এর Past Participle+ by + subject টির objective form.

যেমন:
Active: I am going to fix the broken pipe.
Passive: The broken pipe is going to be fixed by me.

• Other options:
ক) "will be fixed" → simple future, but not the same structure as “going to fix”.

খ) "is going to fix" → grammatically wrong (missing "be").

ঘ) "has been fixed" → present perfect tense, does not match the original sentence.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১৫.
Adrita spoke to sifat very often.
The underlined phrase is-
  1. Adjective phrase
  2. Noun phrase
  3. Adverb phrase
  4. Prepositional phrase
সঠিক উত্তর:
Adverb phrase
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Adverb phrase
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Adverb phrase.

- “Very often” describes how frequently Adrita spoke to Sifat.
- It modifies the verb “spoke”, which makes it an adverb phrase.
- Bangla Meaning: খুব ঘন ঘন।
- Function: Works as an adverb modifying the verb spoke.

• Other Options :
ক) Adjective phrase:
- এটি noun বা pronoun কে modify করে।
- “Very often” কোনো noun বা pronoun নয়, বরং verb কে modify করছে।

খ) Noun phrase:
- Noun phrase একটি ব্যক্তি, বস্তু বা ভাব বোঝায় (e.g., a kind man).
- “Very often” কোন noun নয়।

ঘ) Prepositional phrase:
- এটি সাধারণত একটি preposition দিয়ে শুরু হয় (e.g., in the room).
- এখানে preposition নেই, তাই এটি prepositional phrase নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১৬.
Finish the task. (Passive Voice)
  1. The task is finished.
  2. The task has been finished.
  3. Let the task be finished.
  4. The task is being finished.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let the task be finished.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Let the task be finished.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct answer: Let the task be finished.

- "Finish the task" একটি imperative sentence (আদেশ বা নির্দেশমূলক বাক্য)।
- Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:

- শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Active Voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:

- প্রথমে Let বসে+ Object টি Subject রূপে বসে + be বসে + মূল Verb এর Past Participle.
- Structure:- Let + object টি Subject হয়+be+মূল verb এর Past Participle. যেমন -

Active: Finish the task.
Passive: Let the task be finished.

• Other options:
ক) The task is finished.
- এটি একটি present tense বাক্য, যা passive নয় এবং imperative structure-ও নয়।

খ) The task has been finished.
- এটি present perfect tense-এর passive, imperative বাক্য নয়।

ঘ) The task is being finished.
- এটি present continuous passive, কিন্তু imperative রূপান্তর নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১৭.
My father was in front of me.
Identify the underlined phrase-
  1. Adjective phrase
  2. Prepositional phrase
  3. Noun phrase
  4. Verbal phrase
সঠিক উত্তর:
Prepositional phrase
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Prepositional phrase
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: খ) Prepositional phrase.

- “In front of me” begins with the preposition “in front of” and has “me” as its object.
- So, the whole underlined part is a prepositional phrase.
- In front of:
- Bangla Meaning: আগেই; আগেভাগেই; কারো উপস্থিতিতে; মুখোমুখি হয়ে; সামনাসামনি; সম্মুখে; সামনে।
- English Meaning:  close to the front part of something.

• Other options:
ক) Adjective phrase:
- Adjective phrase modifies a noun - this phrase is describing place, not a noun.

গ) Noun phrase:
- A noun phrase has a noun as its head.
- “In front of me” is a phrase showing position, not acting as a noun.

ঘ) Verbal phrase:
- No verb or verb-form like “to go”, “having eaten”, etc., is present.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
১৮.
Choose the correct passive voice of:
"Who taught you English?"
  1. Who were you taught English by?
  2. By whom were you taught English?
  3. By whom you were taught English?
  4. Whom were you taught English by?
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom were you taught English?
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
By whom were you taught English?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: খ) By whom were you taught English? 

- Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:

- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে+ Tense person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে+ Object, Subject হয় + অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/ being/been বসাতে হয়+ মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে+ প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

- Active: Who taught you English?
- Passive: By whom were you taught English?

• Other options:
ক) Who were you taught English by?
- Informal and awkward - grammatically possible but not standard formal usage.

গ) By whom you were taught English?
- Word order ভুল - এটি assertive sentence মনে হচ্ছে, interrogative না।

ঘ) Whom were you taught English by?
- "Whom" okay, but standard formal usage prefers "By whom" at the beginning.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
১৯.
Oh no! We are hit.
Underlined part is-
  1. Adverbial Phrase
  2. Interjectional phrase
  3. Prepositional phrase
  4. Exclamatory phrase
সঠিক উত্তর:
Interjectional phrase
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Interjectional phrase
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: খ) Interjectional Phrase.

- "Oh no!" expresses sudden emotion - surprise, fear, or distress.
- This type of phrase is called an interjectional phrase, made up of interjections (e.g., oh, ah, wow, ouch).

• Other options:
ক) Adverbial Phrase:
- Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb - not applicable here.
- “Oh no” doesn’t describe time, place, reason, or manner.

গ) Prepositional Phrase:
- Starts with a preposition like in, at, with — "Oh no!" has no preposition.

ঘ) Exclamatory Phrase:
- While this may seem close, “Exclamatory” refers to sentence type (not phrase type).
- “Oh no!” is grammatically an interjectional phrase, used in exclamatory sentences.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২০.
Choose the correct passive voice of:
"They made him finish the work."
  1. He was made finish the work by them.
  2. He was made to finish the work by them.
  3. He made to finish the work by them.
  4. He was making to finish the work by them.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was made to finish the work by them.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He was made to finish the work by them.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Passive Form: "He was made to finish the work by them."

• Need, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold watch প্রভৃতি verb গুলোর পর Active voice to উহ্য থাকে। তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পরে to বসে। তবে let-এ verb টির পর Passive-এ to বক না।

Active: "They made him finish the work."
Passive: "He was made to finish the work by them."

• Other Options:
ক) He was made finish the work by them.
- In passive voice, after "made" we need "to" + base verb (infinitive).
- Here, "finish" should be "to finish".

গ) He made to finish the work by them.
- This has wrong word order and missing auxiliary "was".
- Also, "he" should not be the subject in passive here.

ঘ) He was making to finish the work by them.
- "was making" is incorrect tense and structure here.
- It also changes the meaning.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২১.
Choose the correct superlative degree of the sentence:
"No other city in Bangladesh is as clean as Rajshahi."
  1. Rajshahi is cleaner than all cities in Bangladesh.
  2. Rajshahi is as clean as any other city in Bangladesh.
  3. Rajshahi is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.
  4. Rajshahi is more clean than other cities.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Rajshahi is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Rajshahi is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: গ) Rajshahi is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.

→ Positive Degree: “No other city is as clean as Rajshahi.”
→ কাউকে সমান বলা হয়েছে না, তাই সবচেয়ে পরিষ্কার।
→ No other যুক্ত Positive degree এর sentence কে  Superlative Degree তে রূপান্তর করতে হলে the + superlative degree form এক্ষেত্রে “The cleanest” বসে।
→ Superlative Degree : Rajshahi is the cleanest city in Bangladesh.

• Other options:
ক) All cities → “any other city” নয়, তাই অর্থ বদলে গেছে।
খ) “As clean as any other” → এর মানে Rajshahi আর অন্যরা সমান পরিষ্কার, ভুল।
ঘ) “More clean” → grammatically incorrect (should be “cleaner”).

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২২.
Choose the correctly spelled word:
  1. Consciense
  2. Consciens
  3. Conscience
  4. Concience
সঠিক উত্তর:
Conscience
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Conscience
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Conscience.

• Conscience (Noun)
- Bangla Meaning: বিবেক।
- English Meaning: the sense or consciousness of the moral goodness or blameworthiness of one's own conduct, intentions, or character together with a feeling of obligation to do right or be good.

- Explanation: "Conscience" is the correct spelling. All other forms are incorrect variants.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
২৩.
Choose the correct superlative form: "He is better than any other student in the batch."
  1. No other student is as good as he.
  2. He is the best student in the batch.
  3. He is good like every student.
  4. He is one of the good students.
সঠিক উত্তর:
He is the best student in the batch.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
He is the best student in the batch.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: খ) He is the best student in the batch.

- "He is better than any other student in the batch."
- এই ধরণের বাক্য comparitive form থেকে superlative form এ রূপান্তর করতে হলে,
- the + superlative degree form হতে হবে।
- "Best" is the superlative degree of "good/better".
- He is the best student in the batch.

• Options:
ক) No other student is as good as he.
- এটা Positive Degree - ভুল কারণ প্রশ্নে Superlative চাওয়া হয়েছে।

গ) He is good like every student.
- অর্থ বদলে যাচ্ছে - এতে বোঝায় সে অন্যদের মতোই, সেরা নয়।

ঘ) He is one of the good students.
- এটি বোঝায় সে শুধু ভালোদের একজন - সবচেয়ে ভালো নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৪.
What is the meaning of “Lethargic”?
  1. Energetic
  2. Drowsy
  3. Active
  4. Brave
সঠিক উত্তর:
Drowsy
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Drowsy
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: খ) Drowsy.

• Lethargic (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning: অস্বাভাবিকভাবে নিদ্রালু; জড়িমাগ্রস্ত; অলস; নিশ্চেষ্ট।
- English Meaning: of, relating to, or characterized by laziness or lack of energy : feeling or affected by lethargy : sluggish.

• Drowsy (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning: তন্দ্রালু; অলস; নিষ্ক্রিয়; নিদ্রা উদ্রেক করে এমন।
- English Meaning: ready to fall asleep.

• Other options:
ক) Energetic
- Bangla Meaning: অনলস, প্রচুর শক্তি থাকা।
- English Meaning: Operating with or marked by vigor or effect.

গ) Active
- Bangla Meaning: সক্রিয়; কর্মিষ্ঠ; ক্রিয়াশীল; কর্মপরায়ণ।
- English Meaning: characterized by action rather than by contemplation or speculation.

ঘ) Brave
- Bangla Meaning: সাহসী; নির্ভীক।
- English Meaning: having or showing mental or moral strength to face danger, fear, or difficulty.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary.
২৫.
Choose the antonym of “Adversity”:
  1. Misfortune
  2. Hardship
  3. Prosperity
  4. Calamity
সঠিক উত্তর:
Prosperity
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Prosperity
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Prosperity.

• Adversity (Noun)
- Bangla Meaning: নিদারুণ দুর্দশা; দৈবদোষ; দুঃখযন্ত্রণা।
- English Meaning: a state or instance of serious or continued difficulty or misfortune.

• Prosperity (Noun)
- Bangla Meaning (Prosperity): সমৃদ্ধি; শ্রীবৃদ্ধি; সৌভাগ্য; সাফল্য; উন্নতি।
- English Meaning (Prosperity): the condition of being successful or thriving.

• Other options:
ক) Misfortune
- Bangla Meaning: দুর্ভাগ্যজনক ঘটনা; দুর্ঘটনা; দুর্বিপাক; অনর্থপাত।
- English Meaning: an unhappy situation.

খ) Hardship
- Bangla Meaning: কষ্টকর পরিস্থিতি।
- English Meaning: privation, suffering.

ঘ) Calamity
- Bangla Meaning: দুর্দৈব; বিপর্যয়, চরম দুর্দশা।
- English Meaning: a disastrous event marked by great loss and lasting distress and suffering.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary.
২৬.
What is the purpose of a concluding sentence?
  1. To provide background information
  2. To end the paragraph by reinforcing the main idea
  3. To introduce a new point
  4. To explain an example in detail
সঠিক উত্তর:
To end the paragraph by reinforcing the main idea
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
To end the paragraph by reinforcing the main idea
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct Answer: খ) To end the paragraph by reinforcing the main idea.

- Concluding sentence উদ্দেশ্য হলো paragraph কে একটি যৌক্তিক উপসংহারে পৌঁছানো এবং মূল বক্তব্যকে পুনরায় তুলে ধরা বা জোর দেওয়া। এটি পাঠককে বোঝায় যে paragraph টি শেষ হয়েছে।

• Other Options:
ক) To provide background information.
- Background info is part of the introduction, not the conclusion.
- প্রেক্ষাপট সাধারণত অনুচ্ছেদের শুরুতে থাকে।

গ) To introduce a new point.
- Introducing new ideas is inappropriate at the end.
- উপসংহারে নতুন পয়েন্ট তোলা অনুচিত।

ঘ) To explain an example in detail.
- Explaining examples fits better in the body, not the end.
- বিস্তারিত উদাহরণ অনুচ্ছেদের মূল অংশে থাকে।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৭.
Choose the antonym of “Malicious”:
  1. Gentle
  2. Evil
  3. Cruel
  4. Hostile
সঠিক উত্তর:
Gentle
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Gentle
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: ক) Gentle.

• Malicious (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning: বিদ্বেষপরায়ণ; বিদ্বেষপূর্ণ।
- English Meaning: having or showing a desire to cause harm to someone.

• Gentle (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning (Gentle): সদয় / নম্র।
- English Meaning (Gentle): Kind and calm, not intending harm.

• Other options:
খ) Evil
- Bangla Meaning: দুষ্ট; পাপী; মন্দ; বদমাশ।
- English Meaning: morally reprehensible : sinful, wicked.

গ) Cruel
- Bangla Meaning: নিষ্ঠুর; নির্দয়।
- English Meaning: disposed to inflict pain or suffering : devoid of humane feelings.

ঘ) Hostile
- Bangla Meaning: শত্রুপক্ষীয়; বৈরী।
- English Meaning: of or relating to an enemy.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
২৮.
What is the correct term for the greeting in a letter?
  1. Signature
  2. Salutation
  3. Heading
  4. Body
সঠিক উত্তর:
Salutation
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Salutation
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct answer: খ) Salutation.

- চিঠির শুরুতে যে অভিবাদনমূলক বাক্য থাকে, সেটাকেই Salutation বলে।
- যেমন: Dear Madam, বা Respected Sir, ইত্যাদি।

• Other options:
ক) Signature - চিঠির শেষে লেখকের নাম বা স্বাক্ষর থাকে, এটি স্বাক্ষর, অভিবাদন নয়।
গ) Heading - এটি চিঠির শিরোনাম বা ঠিকানা ও তারিখের অংশ, যা উপরে থাকে।
ঘ) Body - চিঠির মূল অংশ, যেখানে বিস্তারিত বার্তা লেখা হয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২৯.
Choose the synonym of “Frugal”:
  1. Wasteful
  2. Thrifty
  3. Lavish
  4. Extravagant
সঠিক উত্তর:
Thrifty
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Thrifty
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: খ) Thrifty.

• Frugal (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning: সাবধান; মিতব্যয়ী; হিসাবি; সামান্য মূল্যের।
- English Meaning: characterized by or reflecting economy in the use of resources.

• Thrifty (Adj)
- Bangla Meaning: মিতব্যয়ী।
- English Meaning: given to or marked by economy and good management.

Other options:
ক) Wasteful
- Bangla Meaning: অপচয়ী; অপব্যয়ী।
- English Meaning: given to or marked by waste : lavish, prodigal.

গ) Lavish
- Bangla Meaning: অমিতব্যয়ী; অপব্যয়ী।
- English Meaning: expending or bestowing profusely : prodigal.

ঘ) Extravagant
- Bangla Meaning: অপচয়কর; অপব্যয়ী।
- English Meaning: exceeding the limits of reason or necessity.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary.
৩০.
Choose the synonym of “Alleviate”:
  1. Intensify
  2. Magnify
  3. Reduce
  4. Complicate
সঠিক উত্তর:
Reduce
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Reduce
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Reduce.

• Alleviate (Verb)
- Bangla Meaning: লাঘব করা; উপশম করা।
- English Meaning: relieve, lessen.

• Reduce

Bangla Meaning: কমানো; হ্রাস করা।
English Meaning: to diminish in size, amount, extent, or number.

• Other options:
ক) Intensify
- Bangla Meaning: তীব্রতর/গাঢ়তর/তীক্ষ্ণতর করা বা হওয়া।
- English Meaning: to become intense or more intensive.

খ) Magnify
- Bangla Meaning: অতিরঞ্জিত করা।
- English Meaning: to increase in significance : intensify.

ঘ) Complicate
- Bangla Meaning: জটিল করা।
- English Meaning: to make complex or difficult.

Source: Accessible Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary.
৩১.
The exam was a piece of cake.
What is the meaning of the phrase piece of cake?
  1. Something that is predictable.
  2. Something that is unpredictable.
  3. Something that is very difficult to do.
  4. Something that is very easy to do.
সঠিক উত্তর:
Something that is very easy to do.
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Something that is very easy to do.
ব্যাখ্যা
• "A piece of cake" means: Something that is very easy to do.

• A piece of cake:
- Bangla Meaning: খুবই সহজ; সহজলভ্য; প্রীতিকর বস্তু বা ব্যাপার।
- English Meaning: Something that is very easy to do.

Example Sentence:
- "The instructions were confusing, but assembling the furniture was a piece of cake."
- "After practicing all week, the piano recital was a piece of cake."

Source: Cambridge Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Accessible Dictionary.
৩২.
Choose the antonym of “Feeble.”:
  1. Weak
  2. Fragile
  3. Mighty
  4. Delicate
সঠিক উত্তর:
Mighty
উত্তর
সঠিক উত্তর:
Mighty
ব্যাখ্যা
• Correct option: গ) Mighty.

• Feeble:
- Bangla Meaning: দুর্বল; নিস্তেজ; ক্ষীণ।
- English Meaning: markedly lacking in strength.

• Mighty
- Bangla Meaning : পরাক্রমশালী।
- English Meaning : possessing might : powerful.

• Other options:
ক) Weak
- Bangla Meaning: দুর্বল; ভঙ্গুর; গুরুভার বহনে বা চাপ, আক্রমণ ইত্যাদি প্রতিরোধে অক্ষম।
- English Meaning: lacking strength.

খ) Fragile
- Bangla Meaning: ভঙ্গুর; ঠুনকো; পলকা; ক্ষণভঙ্গুর; নশ্বর; নাজুক।
- English Meaning: easily broken or destroyed.

ঘ) Delicate
- Bangla Meaning: সুকুমার; পেলব; কোমল; কমনীয়।
- English Meaning: pleasing to the senses.

Source: Cambridge Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Accessible Dictionary.