ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

১.

If 10% of m is the same as the 20% of n, then m : n is equal to

ক
ক) 1 : 3
খ
খ) 3 : 1
গ
গ) 2 : 3
ঘ
ঘ) 2 : 1

ব্যাখ্যা

10% of m = 20% of n
⇒ (10/100) × m = (20/100) × n
⇒ 10 m = 20 n
⇒ m/n = 20/10
∴ m : n = 2 : 1

২.

A man buys a cycle for Tk.1400 and sells it at a loss of 15%. What is the selling price of the cycle?

ক
ক) Tk.1290
খ
খ) Tk.1190
গ
গ) Tk.1090
ঘ
ঘ) Tk.1390

ব্যাখ্যা

S.P. = 85% of Tk.1400
= Tk. (85 × 1400)/100
= Tk.1190

৩.

When 20% of a number is added to 36 then the resultant number is 200% of the actual number. Then find 40% of actual number.

ক
ক) 8
খ
খ) 12
গ
গ) 16
ঘ
ঘ) 20

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
the actual number be x
According to the question
⇒ 20% of x + 36 = 200% of x
⇒ (20/100) × x + 36 = (200/100) × x
⇒ x/5 + 36 = 2x
⇒ 36 = 2x – x/5
⇒ 9x/5 = 36
⇒ x = 20

40% of x ⇒ (40/100) × 20 = 8

∴ 40% of actual number is 8

৪.

A man buy 10 articles for Tk. 8 and sells them at the rate of Tk. 1.25 per article. His gain percent is:

ক
ক) (215/4)%
খ
খ) (225/4)%
গ
গ) (225/2)%
ঘ
ঘ) (325/4)%

ব্যাখ্যা

Cost price of 10 articles (C.P.) = Tk. 8
Selling price of 10 articles (S.P.) = 1.25×100
= Tk.12.50
Profit = S.P - C.P.
=12.50 - 8
=Tk. 4.50.

∴ Gain % ={(4.50×100)/8}%
= (450/8)%
= (225/4)%

৫.

If three fifth of a number is 40 more than 40 % of the same number, what is the number?

ক
ক) 120
খ
খ) 160
গ
গ) 180
ঘ
ঘ) 200

ব্যাখ্যা

Let be assume the number is x
According to the question
x × 3/5 = 40 + 40% of x
⇒ x × (3/5) = 40 + x × (40/100)
⇒ x × (3/5) = 40 + x × (2/5)
⇒ (3x/5) - (2x/5) = 40
⇒(3x - 2x)/5 = 40
⇒ x/5 = 40
⇒ x = 200

∴ The required result will be 200.

৬.

If loss is 1/3 of S.P. then the loss percentage is-

ক
ক) 20%
খ
খ) 25%
গ
গ) 23%
ঘ
ঘ) 30%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
S.P = x
loss = x/3
C.P = x + (x/3)
=(3x + x)/3
= 4x/3
Loss percentage = [{(x/3)/(4x/3)} × 100]%
= {(x/3) ×(3/4x) × 100}%
= 25%

৭.

If 30% of C = 25% of A and 2d% of C = A, find the value of d?

ক
ক) 40
খ
খ) 50
গ
গ) 60
ঘ
ঘ) 80

ব্যাখ্যা

Given that
30% of C = 25% of A
2d% of C = A

According to the questions,
⇒ (30/100) × C = (25/100) × A
⇒ (30/25) = A/C
⇒ 6/5 = A/C

From the above question,
⇒ 2d% of C = A
⇒ 2d/100 = A/C
⇒ 2d/100 = 6/5
⇒ 2d = (6/5) × 100
⇒2d = 120
⇒ d = 60

∴ The value of d is 60

৮.

A book marked at Tk. 80 is sold for Tk. 64. The rate of discount is-

ক
ক) 12%
খ
খ) 15%
গ
গ) 20%
ঘ
ঘ) 25%

ব্যাখ্যা

Discount = 80 - 64
= 16
Discount Rate = (16/80) × 100
= 20%

৯.

Selling price of first article is Tk. 960 and cost price of second article is Tk. 960. If there is a profit of 20% on first article and loss of 20% on second article, then, what will be the total loss?

ক
ক) Tk. 38
খ
খ) Tk. 36
গ
গ) Tk. 34
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 32

ব্যাখ্যা

SP of first article = Tk. 960
CP of 2nd article = Tk.960
Profit on first article = 20%
Loss on 2nd article = 20%

After profit of 20%, CP of first article = 960 × (100/120)
= Tk. 800
After loss of 20%, SP of 2nd article = 960 × (80/100)
=Tk. 768
Total CP of both article = 800 + 960 = Tk.1760
Total SP of both article = 960 + 768 = Tk.1728

∴ Total loss = 1760 – 1728 = Tk. 32

১০.

After getting two successive discount, a shirt with a list price of Tk.150 is available at Tk.105. If the second discount is 12.5%, find the first discount.

ক
ক) 15%
খ
খ) 20%
গ
গ) 22%
ঘ
ঘ) 25%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let the first discount be x%.
Now
87.5% of (100 - x)% of 150 = 105
(87.5/100) × {(100 - x)/100} × 150 = 105
100 - x = (105 × 100 × 100)/(150 × 87.5)
100 - x = 80
100 - 80 = x
x = 20

The first discount be 20%

১১.

A fruit seller had some apples. He sells 40% apples and still has 450 apples. Originally, he had:

ক
ক) 700
খ
খ) 750
গ
গ) 800
ঘ
ঘ) 850

ব্যাখ্যা

Suppose originally he had x apples.
Then, (100 - 40)% of x = 450
60% of x = 450
60x/100 = 450
3x/5 = 450
x = (450 × 5)/3
x = 750

১২.

A pair of articles was bought for Tk. 37.40 at a discount of 15%. What must be the marked price of each of the articles?

ক
ক) Tk. 44
খ
খ) Tk. 22
গ
গ) Tk. 26
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 48

ব্যাখ্যা

Selling price =Tk. 37.40
Discount = 15%.

Let the M.P be 100%.
The selling price will be 100% - 15% = 85%
⇒ 85% = 37.40
⇒ 100% = 37.40 × (100/85)
⇒ 100% = Tk. 44

∴ The Marked price is Tk. 44 .
The marked price of each of the articles = 44/2 = 22Tk.

১৩.

5.6 can be expressed in terms of percentage as

ক
ক) 56%
খ
খ) 5.6%
গ
গ) 560%
ঘ
ঘ) 0.56%

ব্যাখ্যা

5.6 × 100/100
⇒ (5.6 × 100) × (1/100)
= (5.6 × 100)%
= 560%

∴ 5.6 is 560%.

১৪.

Ashok buys a car at 20% discount of the price and sells it at 20% higher price. His percentage gain is -

ক
ক) 30%
খ
খ) 40%
গ
গ) 50%
ঘ
ঘ) 25%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
The price of the car be Tk. 100
Cost price = Tk.(100 - 20) = Tk. 80
S.P = 120% of 100 = TK.120
Gain = Tk. (120 - 80) = Tk. 40
Gain% = {(40/80) × 100}% = 50%

১৫.

Mahin loses one-seventh of the cost by selling a pen for Tk.144. If the pen is sold for Tk. 189, what is the gain percent?

ক
ক) 12.5%
খ
খ) 15.0%
গ
গ) 15.5%
ঘ
ঘ) 13.0%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let the cost price be Tk. x
⇒ Loss = x/7

⇒ Selling price = x – (x/7)
⇒ 144 = 6x/7
⇒ x = 168

⇒ New selling price = Tk. 189
⇒ Gain % = {(189 – 168)/168} × 100
= 12.5%

১৬.

If 0.06 is x% of 0.6, then the value of x is

ক
ক) 6
খ
খ) 60
গ
গ) 10
ঘ
ঘ) 5

ব্যাখ্যা

x% of 0.6 = 0.06
⇒ (x/100) × 0.6 = 0.06
⇒ x = 0.06 × 100/0.60
⇒ x = 10

১৭.

A trader mixes 26 kg of rice at Tk. 20 per kg with 30 kg of rice of other variety at Tk. 36 per kg and sells the mixture at Tk. 30 per kg. His profit percent is:

ক
ক) 3%
খ
খ) 4%
গ
গ) 5%
ঘ
ঘ) 7%

ব্যাখ্যা

C.P. of 56 kg rice = Tk. (26 x 20 + 30 x 36)
= Tk. (520 + 1080)
= Tk. 1600.

S.P. of 56 kg rice = Tk. (56 x 30)
= Tk. 1680.

Gain ={(80/1600) × 100}%
= 5%

১৮.

A person who spends (200/3)% of his income is able to save Tk.1500 per month. His monthly expenses ( in Tk.) are-

ক
ক) Tk. 2600
খ
খ) Tk. 3200
গ
গ) Tk. 3000
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 4500

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
The monthly income be Tk. x
Now
{100 - (200/3)}% of x = 1500
{(300 - 200)/3}% of x = 1500
(100/3) % of x = 1500
(100/3) × (1/100) × x = 1500
x/3 = Tk.1500
x = Tk.4500

His monthly expense = Tk. (4500 - 1500)
= Tk. 3000

১৯.

If the average of a number, its 75% and its 25% is 240, then the number is-

ক
ক) 390
খ
খ) 360
গ
গ) 320
ঘ
ঘ) 300

ব্যাখ্যা

Let the number be x
⇒ (x + 75% of x + 25% of x)/3 = 240
⇒ {x + (75x/100) + (25x/100)}/3 = 240
⇒ {x + (3x/4) + ( x/4)}/3 = 240
⇒ (4x + 3x +x)/4 = 720
⇒ 8x/4 = 720
⇒ 2x = 720
⇒ x = 720/2
⇒ x = 360

২০.

A shopkeeper expects a gain of 22.5% on his cost price. If in a week, his sale was of Tk. 392, what was his profit?

ক
ক) Tk. 56
খ
খ) Tk. 65
গ
গ) Tk. 72
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 84

ব্যাখ্যা

C.P. = Tk. {(100/122.5) x 392}
= Tk. {(1000/1225) x 392}
= 320

Profit = Tk. (392 - 320)
= Tk. 72

২১.

A tradesman makes his marks his goods 30% above the C.P If he allows a discount of (25/4)%, then his gain percent is-

ক
ক) 20.875%
খ
খ) 18.875%
গ
গ) 21.875%
ঘ
ঘ) 16.875%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let C.P be 100
then the marked price Tk. 130

Sell price = {100 - (25/4)} % of 130
= {(400 - 25)/4}% of 130
= (375/400) × 130
= 121.875

Gain% = (121.875 - 100)%
= 21.875%

২২.

A laptop is marked at a price 20% above its cost price. At what discount it should be sold to make a 5% profit?

ক
ক) 14.5%
খ
খ) 12.5%
গ
গ) 10.5%
ঘ
ঘ) 15.0%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
Cost price of product be Tk. 100
Marked price = (100 + 20)% of 100
= 120
Profit = 5%
⇒ Selling price = (100 + 5)% of 100
= 105

⇒ Discount = Marked price - Selling price
= 120 - 105
= 15
⇒ Discount %= (15/120) × 100
= 12.5%

∴ 12.5% is discount should be sold so as to make 5% profit.

২৩.

An investor earns 3% return on 1/4 of his capital, 5% on 2/3 and 11% on the remainder. What is the average rate of return he earns on his total capital?

ক
ক) 4%
খ
খ) 3%
গ
গ) 5%
ঘ
ঘ) 6%

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
The investor total capital is x

Total return = 3% of (x/4) + 5% of (2x/3) + 11% of {x - (x/4) - (2x/3)}
= (3x/400) + (10x/300) + (11/100) of {(12x - 3x - 8x)/12}
= (3x/400) + (10x/300) + (11x/1200)
= (9x + 40x + 11x)/1200
= 60x/1200
= x/20

the average rate of return =[{(x/20)/x} × 100]%
= 5%

২৪.

By selling 33 metres of cloth, one gains the selling price of 11 metres. Find the gain percent

ক
ক) 45%
খ
খ) 40%
গ
গ) 50%
ঘ
ঘ) 35%

ব্যাখ্যা

Here,
The selling price of 11m cloth is obtained as profit.
(S.P. of 33 m cloth) – (C.P. of 33 m cloth)= S.P pf 11 m cloth
The selling price of 22 m cloth = Cost Price of 33 m of cloth

Let the cost of each metre be Tk. 100.

Therefore,
the cost price of 22 m cloth = 22 × 100 = Tk. 2200 and
S.P. of 22 m cloth = Tk. 3300
Profit = 3300 - 2200 = 1100

Profit% = {(1100/2200) × 100}%
= 50%

২৫.

A book is sold for Tk. 575 the amount of profit is equal to the amount of loss if it is sold for Tk. 385, the cost price for this book is-

ক
ক) Tk. 450
খ
খ) Tk. 480
গ
গ) Tk. 490
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 520

ব্যাখ্যা

Given,
Selling price of book = Tk. 575
Let cost price of book be Tk. a.
⇒ Profit = 575 - a

Given,
Selling price of book = Tk. 385
⇒ Loss = a - 385

Then,
⇒ 575 - a = a - 385
⇒ 2a = 960
⇒ a = 480

∴ cost price of a book is Tk. 480

২৬.

If the monthly salary of an employee is increased by (8/3)%, he gets tk.88 more. His monthly salary (in TK.) is

ক
ক) 2700
খ
খ) 2800
গ
গ) 3000
ঘ
ঘ) 3300

ব্যাখ্যা

Let
The monthly salary be x

Now
(8/3)% of x = 88
(8/3) × (1/100) × x = 88
8x/(3 × 100) = 88
x = (88 × 3 × 100)/8
x = 3300

২৭.

After successive discount of 12% and 5% an article was sold for Tk.209. What was the original price of the article?

ক
ক) Tk. 220
খ
খ) Tk. 250
গ
গ) Tk. 260
ঘ
ঘ) Tk. 280

ব্যাখ্যা

Let the original price x
Now
95% of 88% of x = 209
(95/100) × (88/100) × x = 209
x = (209 × 100 × 100)/(95 × 88)
x = 250