৪৯তম বিসিএস ⎯ গার্হস্থ্য অর্থনীতি [৩৯১]
সিলেবাস
৪৯তম বিসিএস ⎯ গার্হস্থ্য অর্থনীতি [৩৯১]
৪৯তম বিসিএস ⎯ গার্হস্থ্য অর্থনীতি [৩৯১] · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ৩০ প্রশ্ন
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ref :lecture
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Ref:class note
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ref:molina rani
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Biological resources include living organisms such as humans, animals, birds, plants, and microorganisms. Air and sunlight are natural resources, while roads are social/governmental infrastructure.
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Human Resources are the qualities, abilities, and efforts of people that can be used to achieve personal, family, organizational, or national goals.It includes time, energy, health, knowledge, intelligence, skills, creativity, attitudes, and leadership ability.
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ref:class note.
(বাগান থেকে ফুল এনে ঘর সাজালে উপযোগ কোনভাবে বৃদ্ধি পায়?)
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Utility is the primary characteristic of resources. The ability of a resource to satisfy human wants is called utility. To be considered a resource, an item must have some utility.
By place utility (Transferability):
The utility of an item can be enhanced by changing its place.
Example: Flowers on a tree may have little use, but when plucked and arranged in a home, their utility increases.
(নিচের কোনটি সম্পদ শ্রেণীবিভাগের প্রধান ভিত্তি নয়?)
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The use of certain goods may be harmful or morally unacceptable, but even then, if such goods satisfy the demand of some people, in economics they are still considered to have utility. For example—cigarettes, alcohol, etc.
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For something to be called a resource, it must be under the control of an individual or family. If it cannot be accessed or used when needed, it cannot be considered a resource. Example: A neighbor’s wealth is not your resource.
নিচের কোনটি দূরবর্তী বা বৃহত্তর পরিবেশের সম্পদের অন্তর্গত?
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Psychological income is a type of feeling. Even after spending money, the satisfaction or contentment we receive from the actual income is called psychological income. For example, if we feel satisfied after buying a product and everyone gives positive feedback, then psychological income increases. However, if after buying the product we feel dissatisfaction at home or someone else makes negative comments, psychological income decreases. Also, eating vegetables grown in our own garden gives us greater psychological satisfaction.
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This type of income is directly obtained by a family without exchanging money. Examples include vegetables and fruits from the garden, household chores, educating children, sewing clothes at home, washing and ironing clothes by oneself instead of using laundry services, etc. These all are considered direct real income.
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Interdependence of Resources: A resource alone may not be fully useful. Its effectiveness increases when combined with other supporting resources. This is called interdependence.
Example:Maintaining a vegetable garden is not just about having land,You also need time to work in the garden, energy to perform physical tasks, and knowledge about planting, watering, and pest control.
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Social resources include institutions and structures created by society, such as banks, families, religious and cultural institutions. Soil, water, and trees are natural or biological resources, not social resources.
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Time is a universal resource; it is a birthright and must be managed efficiently for effective home management and goal achievement.