৯ম - ১৩তম গ্রেড পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতি

Famous Victorian Writers: Lord Alfred Tennyson, Robert Browning, Matthew Arnold, Charles Dickens, Maxim Gorky, William Makepeace Thackeray, Thomas Hardy, Edgar Allan poe, Oscar Wilde Samuel Butler, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Mark Twain, Cardinal Newman, Gladstone, Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Leo Tolstoy etc.
Famous Romantic writers:- William Wordsworth, ST Coleridge, PB Shelley, John Keats, William Blake, Charles lamb, Lord Byron, Jane Austen etc
Famous modern poet: Bradley, Alice Munro, Doris Lessing, DH Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, George Bernard Shaw, Harold Pinter, Rawling, Jean Paul sarte, Joseph Conrad, Noam Chomsky, RK Narayan, Rudyard Kipling, William Golding, William Somerset maugham, William Faulkner, Walt Whitman, Robert Frost, Emily Dickinson etc.

ভার্জিনিয়া উল্ফ‌ এবং জেমস জয়েস উভয়ই বিংশ শতাব্দীর লেখক।
মজার ব্যাপার হচ্ছে, উভয়ের জন্ম ও মৃত্যু সাল একই।
জন্মঃ ১৮৮২ সাল।
মৃত্যুঃ ১৯৪১ সাল।
Verified From: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

William Somerset Maugham (1874 – 1935):
Novelist, Playwright and story writer.
Works:
Novels: Of Human Bondage, The Sacred Flames, The Razor’s Edge, Cakes and Ale, the Magician, The Moon and Sixpence, Lady Frederick.
Play: The Land of Promise.
Short Stories: The Ant and the Grasshopper, the Luncheon.
Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

Herbert George Wells রচিত উল্লেখযোগ কয়েকটি সায়েন্স ফিকশান - The Time Machine, The Invisible Man, The War of the Worlds, The Island of Doctor Moreau, The First Men in the Moon ইত্যাদি।
Source: Live MCQ Lecture and Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Sherlock Holmes ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের অন্যতম প্রধান জীবন্ত ও প্রাণবন্ত চরিত্র। এর স্রষ্টা স্কটিশ রাইটার Arthur Conan Doyle. এটি একটি গোয়েন্দা চরিত্র যা ১৮৮৭ সালে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয়।
সূত্রঃ এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া ব্রিটানিকা।

Thomas Hardy was a Pessimistic Novelist and Poet.
His famous novels are-
A Pair of Bluest Eyes, Under the Greenwood Tree, The Return of the Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Far From the Madding Crowd, The Poor Man and The Lady, The Trumpet Major, Jude the Obscure etc.
Vanity Fair, novel of early 19th-century English society by William Makepeace Thackeray.
Pride and Prejudice, romantic novel by Jane Austen.
Oliver Twist, in full Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress, novel by Charles Dickens.
[Source: Live MCQ Lecture and Encyclopaedia Britannica]

Robert Browning was a famous poet of Dramatic Monologue. His famous poems: The Patriot, My Last Duchess, Andrea Del Sarto, Porphyria's Lover, A Grammarian Funeral, The Pied Piper of Hamelin, The Ring and the Book, Rabbi Ben Ezra, Fra Lippo Lippi, Home Thoughts from Abroad etc.
Source: Live MCQ Lecture

Vanity Fair, novel of early 19th-century English society by William Makepeace Thackeray, published serially in monthly installments from 1847 to 1848 and in book form in 1848. Thackeray’s previous writings had been published either unsigned or under pseudonyms; Vanity Fair was the first work he published under his own name.
[Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica]

Lord Alfred Tennyson was a represented/ Lyric poet of the Victorian Age. His famous Elegy is In Memoriam.
Famous poems are-
Oenone, Ulysses, Lotus Eaters, Locksley Hall, Tears Idle Tears, Tithonus, The Two Voices, The Lady of Shalott, Vision of Sin, Morte D'Arthur etc.
The Falcon, Queen Marry, Harold are the famous comedies of Lord Alfred Tennyson.
“I will never rest from travels
I will drink life to the less”
is a quote from Lord Alfred Tennyson's famous poem 'Ulysses'.
[Source: Live MCQ Lecture]

Sartor Resartus is an 1836 novel by Thomas Carlyle, first published as a serial in Fraser's Magazine in November 1833–August 1834.
Verified from: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Lord Byron, in full George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, (born January 22, 1788, London, England—died April 19, 1824, Missolonghi, Greece), British Romantic poet and satirist whose poetry and personality captured the imagination of Europe.
Renowned as the “gloomy egoist” of his autobiographical poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage (1812–18) in the 19th century, he is now more generally esteemed for the satiric realism of Don Juan.
His other poems are:
- Lara,
- The Vision of Judgment,
- Robert Southey etc.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Robert Browning, (born May 7, 1812, London—died Dec. 12, 1889, Venice), major English poet of the Victorian age, noted for his mastery of dramatic monologue and psychological portraiture.
His most noted work was ‘The Ring and the Book (1868–69)’, the story of a Roman murder trial in 12 books.
His famous poetry:
- Men and Women
- Fra Lippo Lippi
- My Last Duchess
- The Pied Piper of Hamelin
- Bishop Blougram’s Apology etc.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

The famous poems of Andrew Marvell are To His Coy Mistress, The Definition of Love, The Garden etc.
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman and Live MCQ Lecture.

John Webster is the poet of the Jacobean period. His famous Tragedy are The Duchess of Malfi, The White Devil, The Devil's Law Case etc.
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman and Live MCQ Lecture.

“I would not wish Any companion in the world but you, Nor can imagination form a shape, Besides yourself, to like of.”
― The Tempest, William Shakespeare.

''Come live with me and be my love,
And we will all the pleasures prove,
That Valleys, groves, hills, and fields,
Woods, or steepy mountain yields.''
-- The Passionate Shepherd to His Love
by Cristopher Marlowe

Edmund Spenser is known as 'Poet of Poets' in English literature. His famous Epic is The Faerie Queene.
His famous books- The Shepherds Calendar, The Ruins of Time, Amoretti (Collection of 89 Sonnets).
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman and Live MCQ Lecture.

The father of the English sonnet is Sir Thomas Wyatt(1503-1542). He introduced the Italian sonnet (Petrarch's sonnets) and Theresa Reimer verse form and the French Rondou into English literature.
[Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica]

The Neo-classical period (1660-1798) is divided into three periods. Such as
1. The Restoration Period (1660-1700),
2. The Augustan Age or the Age of Pope (1700-1745) and
3. The Age of Sensibility or The Age of Johnson (1745-1798).
Source: Live MCQ lecture.

The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art.
Source: history.com
Renaissance is a French word meaning “rebirth.” It refers to a period in European civilization that was marked by a revival of Classical learning and wisdom.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica
A new growth of activity or interest in something, especially art, literature, or music.
Source: Cambridge Dictionary
A revival of or renewed interest in something.
Source: Oxford Dictionary

Mark Twain (1835 – 1910):
His real name is Samuel Langhorn Clemens.
Famous Works:The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica & An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.

Ernest Hemingway is an American novelist. He was awarded the Nobel prize in 1954 for literature.
His famous novels are For Whom The Bell Tolls, The Old Man and The Sea, A Farewell to Arms, The Sun Also Rises, Death in the Afternoon, To Have and Have not.
Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

Dreams
Langston Hughes (1902-1967)

Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.

The Iliad is about the Trojan War, but it is primarily about the war as it is affected by Achilles' wrath, or anger.
Source: Cliffs Notes.

When wisdom brings no profit, To be wise to suffer.
Oedipus Rex, Play by Sophocles.

Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) English novelist and short-story writer of Polish descent, whose works include the novels Lord Jim (1900), Nostromo (1904), and The Secret Agent (1907) and the short story “Heart of Darkness” (1902).
The Secret Agent (1907), and Under Western Eyes (1911), he detailed such imposition, and the psychological pathologies he increasingly associated with it, without sympathy.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Doctor Zhivago, novel by Boris Pasternak, published in Italy in 1957. This epic tale about the effects of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and its aftermath on a bourgeois family was not published in the Soviet Union until 1987. One of the results of its publication in the West was Pasternak’s complete rejection by Soviet authorities; when he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958 he was compelled to decline it. The book quickly became an international best-seller.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

William Wordsworth is a famous Romantic poet.
Famous quotes of Wordsworth:
'Child is the father of man',
'Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting',
'Nature never did betray the heart that loved her',
'Poetry is a spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings',
'Poet is the breath and final speed of knowledge',
'Come forth into the light of things, let nature be your teacher'.
Source: Live MCQ lecture

Epistolary novel, a novel told through the medium of letters written by one or more of the characters. Originating with Samuel Richardson’s Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded (1740), the story of a servant girl’s victorious struggle against her master’s attempts to seduce her, it was one of the earliest forms of novel to be developed and remained one of the most popular up to the 19th century. The epistolary novel’s reliance on subjective points of view makes it the forerunner of the modern psychological novel.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Similar ইংরেজি ভাষার সাধারণ একটা শব্দ, যার অর্থ সদৃশ বা একই।
অন্যান্য অপশনের শব্দ গুলো ইংরেজি সাহিত্যে বিশেষ ভাবে ব্যবহার করা হয়ে থাকে।
Simile- উপমা, দুটি ভিন্নধর্মী জিনিসের মধ্যে like অথবা as ব্যবহার করে সুস্পষ্ট তুলনা।
Similitude- সাদৃশ্য, তুলনা, উপমা।
Sarcasm- অনুভূতিকে আহত করার উদ্দেশ্যে ব্যবহৃত তিক্ত মন্তব্য এবং ঐরূপ মন্তব্যের ব্যবহার; শ্লেষ; শ্লেষোক্তি; পরিবাদ।
Source: Bangla Academy Dictionary.

Ernest Hemingway is an American novelist. He was awarded the Nobel prize in 1954 for literature.
His famous novels are For Whom The Bell Tolls, The Old Man and The Sea, A Farewell to Arms, The Sun Also Rises, Death in the Afternoon, To Have and Have not.
Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

Poet Laureate: An eminent poet appointed as a member of the British royal household.
Source: Oxford Dictionary.
The title of poet laureate was first granted in England in the 17th century for poetic excellence.
Source: Britannica Encyclopedia.