ব্যাংক নিয়োগ প্রস্তুতি ⎯ লং কোর্স

Microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip.
Source: britannica.com/technology

Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile memory that makes use of a thin layer of magnetic material that holds small magnetized areas known as bubbles or domains, which are able to store one bit of data each. The magnetic material is arranged into parallel tracks where the bubbles can move along through the action of an external magnetic field.
Source: techopedia.com

A time sharing system allows many users to share the computer resources simultaneously. In other words, time sharing refers to the allocation of computer resources in time slots to several programs simultaneously. For example a mainframe computer that has many users logged on to it. Each user uses the resources of the mainframe -i.e. memory, CPU etc. The users feel that they are exclusive user of the CPU, even though this is not possible with one CPU i.e. shared among different users.
Source: britannica.com/technology

Application software (app or application for short) is computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.
Source: cnet.com/topics/software

Optical mark recognition is the process of capturing human-marked data from document forms such as surveys and tests. They are used to read questionnaires, multiple choice examination paper in the form of lines or shaded areas.
Source: techopedia.com

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The Modula programming language is a descendant of the Pascal programming language. It was developed in Switzerland in the 1970s by Niklaus Wirth, the same person who designed Pascal.
Source: modula.us

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System software is computer software designed to provide a platform to other software. Examples of system software include operating systems like macOS and Windows.
Source: techterms.com

A terminal (monitor and keyboard) that contains processing power. Intelligent terminals include memory and a processor to perform special display operations. In contrast, a dumb terminal has no processing capabilities; it must rely entirely on the central computer. A smart terminal has some processing capabilities, but not as much as an intelligent terminal.
Source: encyclopedia.com

A transceiver is a device comprising both a transmitter and a receiver that are combined and share common circuitry or a single housing. When no circuitry is common between transmit and receive functions, the device is a transmitter-receiver. The term originated in the early 1920s.
Source: definitions.net

The Epson HX-20 (also known as the HC-20) was the first laptop computer. It was invented in July 1980 by Yukio Yokozawa, who worked for Suwa Seikosha, a branch of Japanese company Seiko (now Seiko Epson), receiving a patent for the invention. It was announced in 1981 as the HC-20 in Japan, and was introduced by Epson in North America as the HX-20 in 1981, at the COMDEX computer show in Las Vegas, where it drew significant attention for its portability.
Source: epson.com

In printing, DPI (dots per inch) refers to the output resolution of a printer or imagesetter, and PPI (pixels per inch) refers to the input resolution of a photograph or image. DPI refers to the physical dot density of an image when it is reproduced as a real physical entity, for example printed onto paper.
Source: techterms.com

Semiconductor memory is a digital electronic data storage device, often used as computer memory, implemented with semiconductor electronic devices on an integrated circuit (IC).
Source: britannica.com

In computer science, a double-sided disk is a disk of which both sides are used to store data. Early floppy disks only used one surface for recording. The term single-sided disk was not common until the introduction of the double-sided disk, which offered double the capacity in the same physical size.
Source: webopedia.com

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The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, called Mark I by Harvard University’s staff, was a general purpose electromechanical computer that was used in the war effort during the last part of World War II. One of the first programs to run on the Mark I was initiated on 29 March 1944 by John von Neumann.
Source: britannica.com

Bus topology : A bus topology is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which all the nodes are connected to a single cable. The cable to which the nodes connect is called a ''backbone''. If the backbone is broken, the entire segment fails. Bus topologies are relatively easy to install and don't require much cabling compared to the alternatives.
The bus topology is e.g. used by Ethernet networks.
Source: Networking Fundamentals

The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971. It was the first commercially available microprocessor by Intel, and the first in a long line of Intel CPUs.
Source: www.intel.com/content/

LSI chips: Large-scale integration (LSI) is the process of integrating or embedding thousands of transistors on a single silicon semiconductor microchip. LSI technology was conceived in the mid-1970s when computer processor microchips were under development.
Source: Google Books

A voice response unit (VRU) is an automated telephone answering system consisting of hardware and software that allows the caller to navigate through a series of prerecorded messages and use a menu of options through the buttons on a touch-tone telephone or through voice recognition.
Source: gartner.com

An EPROM or erasable programmable read-only memory, is a type of memory chip that retains its data when its power supply is switched off. Computer memory that can retrieve stored data after a power supply has been turned off and back on is called non-volatile. It is an array of floating-gate transistors individually programmed by an electronic device that supplies higher voltages than those normally used in digital circuits. Once programmed, an EPROM can be erased by exposing it to strong ultraviolet light source (such as from a mercury-vapor light).
Source: merriam-webster.com

A page printer is a computer printer which processes and prints a whole page at a time, as opposed to printers which print one line or character at a time such as line printers and dot-matrix printers.
Source: Rudiments of Computer Science

Abacus: An abacus is a manual aid to calculating that consists of beads or disks that can be moved up and down on a series of sticks or strings within a usually wooden frame. The abacus itself doesn't calculate; it's simply a device for helping a human being to calculate by remembering what has been counted.
Source: Dictionary of Computer & Information Technology

Dialup: Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) by dialing a telephone number on a conventional telephone line.
Source: oxford learners dictionaries

Secondary storage (also known as external memory or auxiliary storage), differs from primary storage in that it is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate area in primary storage.
Source: techopedia.com

A computer program that converts assembly language to machine language is Assembler.
Assembler : An assembler is a type of computer program that interprets software programs written in assembly language into machine language, code and instructions that can be executed by a computer.
An assembler enables software and application developers to access, operate and manage a computer's hardware architecture and components.
Source: techterms.com

Storage Capacity of Floppy Disc = 1.44 Megabytes.
Storage Capacity of CD-ROM = 650 Megabytes (Approx.).

Trojan horses are software programs that masquerade or disguise as regular programs, such as games, disk utilities, and even antivirus programs. But if they are run, these programs can do malicious things to your computer.
Source: https://usa.kaspersky.com/

BIOS software is stored on a non-volatile ROM chip on the motherboard. In modern computer systems, the BIOS contents are stored on a flash memory chip so that the contents can be rewritten without removing the chip from the motherboard.
Source: Fundamental of Computer

Alternatively referred to as a column separator or row separator, Grid lines or gridlines are the light gray lines that divide each of the cells, rows, and columns in a spreadsheet.

The smallest unit of data in a computer is called Bit (Binary Digit). A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1. In most computer systems, there are eight bits in a byte. The value of a bit is usually stored as either above or below a designated level of electrical charge in a single capacitor within a memory device.
Source: Google Book

A file that contains one or more files that have been compressed into the ZIP format. Also called a ''ZIP archive,'' ''zipped file'' or ''zipped archive,'' the ZIP algorithm is the most popular compression method in use.
Source: computerlanguage.com

Million instructions per second (MIPS) is an older, obsolete measure of a computer's speed and power, MIPS measures roughly the number of machine instructions that a computer can execute in one second.
Source: www.mips.com

Seagate Technology PLC is an American data storage company. It was incorporated in 1978, as Shugart Technology. Since 2010, the company has been incorporated in Dublin, Ireland, with operational headquarters in Cupertino, California, United States.
Source: www.seagate.com/

Artificial intelligence (AI), sometimes called machine intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans and other animals.
Source: oxfordreference.com

Debugging is a methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs, or defects, in a computer program or software code. Whereas, Testing is the process of finding bugs in already developed software not in software code.
Source: Google Book

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript.
Source: techopedia.com/definition

In computing, an input device is a piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and joysticks.
Source: Computer Basic General Knowledge

Cache memory, also called CPU memory, is high-speed static random access memory (SRAM) that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular random access memory (RAM).
Source: Fundamentals of Computer

A flip-flop or latch is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state information as Memory devices.

The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. They were very expensive to operate and in addition to using a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.
First generation computers relied on machine language, the lowest-level programming language understood by computers, to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts.
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing devices.
Source: Fundamentals of Programming

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail. However, since it is limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving end, it is usually used with one of two other protocols, POP3 or IMAP that let the user save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server. SMTP usually is implemented to operate over Internet port 25.
Many mail servers now support Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (ESMTP), which allows multimedia files to be delivered as e-mail.
Source: webopedia.com