১০০ দিনে বিসিএস প্রস্তুতি [বিষয়ভিত্তিক]

♦ Chaucer এর The Canterbury Tales এ Pilgrim সংখ্যা ছিল - 30.

• Chaucer: 
- তিনি Middle English period এর অন্যতম মহান কবি।
- He was also a public servant who worked as a soldier, diplomat, comptroller of customs, justice of the peace, clerk of works and a forest official – so his life is well represented in surviving documents.

• The Canterbury Tales: 
- In The Canterbury Tales, a group of pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral compete in a storytelling contest.
- This overarching plot, or frame, provides a reason for the pilgrims to tell their stories, which reflect the concerns sparked by the social upheavals of late medieval England.

Source: Britannica, SparkNotes

♦ 'Doctor Faustas' is written by- Christopher Marlowe.

• Doctor Faustas:
- এটি  Christopher Marlowe লিখিত একটি tragedy.
- In Doctor Faustus Marlowe retells the story of Faust, the doctor-turned-necromancer, who makes a pact with the devil in order to obtain knowledge and power.
- Both Doctor Faustus and Mephistopheles, who is the devil’s intermediary in the play, are subtly and powerfully portrayed. 

• Christopher Marlowe:
- তিনি একজন Elizabethan poet.
- তিনি একজন University Wit ছিলেন।
-  Shakespeare এর আগে তিনিই ছিলেন English drama এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ লেখক।
- He is noted especially for his establishment of dramatic blank verse.

Source: britannica.com

♦ Hamlet এর uncle এর নাম - Claudius.

• Hamlet: 
- The ghost of the King of Denmark tells his son Hamlet to avenge his murder by killing the new king, Hamlet's uncle.
- Hamlet feigns madness, contemplates life and death, and seeks revenge.
- His uncle, fearing for his life, also devises plots to kill Hamlet.

• Shakespeare:
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন Stratford, Warwickshire, England.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English poet, dramatist এবং actor.
- তাকে English national poet বলা হয়।
- He is considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. 

• Notable work: 
- A Midsummer Night’s Dream
- All’s Well That Ends Well
- Antony and Cleopatra
- As You Like It
- Coriolanus
- Cymbeline 
- First Folio 
- Hamlet
- Julius Caesar
- King John
- King Lear
- Macbeth
- Measure for Measure
- Othello
- The Comedy of Errors

Source: britannica.com

♦ 'As You Like It' is five-act comedy by William Shakespeare.

• As You Like It: 
- Rosalind and her cousin escape into the forest and find Orlando, Rosalind's love.
- Disguised as a boy shepherd, Rosalind has Orlando woo her under the guise of "curing" him of his love for Rosalind.
- Rosalind reveals she is a girl and marries Orlando during a group wedding at the end of the play.

• Shakespeare:
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন Stratford, Warwickshire, England.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English poet, dramatist এবং actor.
- তাকে English national poet বলা হয়।
- He is considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. 

• Some important character:
- Rosalind
- Orlando
- Duke Senior
- Jaques
- Celia

Source: Britannica.

♦ প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত “Stars, hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires.” this quote is from Shakespear's- Macbeth.

•Macbeth:
- The main theme of Macbeth—the destruction wrought when ambition goes unchecked by moral constraints—finds its most powerful expression in the play’s two main characters. Macbeth is a courageous Scottish general who is not naturally inclined to commit evil deeds, yet he deeply desires power and advancement. 

• Shakespeare:
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন Stratford, Warwickshire, England.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English poet, dramatist এবং actor.
- তাকে English national poet বলা হয়।
- He is considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time.  

• Notable work: 
- A Midsummer Night’s Dream
- All’s Well That Ends Well
- Antony and Cleopatra
- As You Like It
- Coriolanus
- Cymbeline 
- First Folio 
- Hamlet
- Julius Caesar
- King John
- King Lear
- Macbeth
- Measure for Measure
- Othello
- The Comedy of Errors

Source: britannica.com

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর হলো- Banquo.

• Banquo:
- He is Macbeth’s brave and noble best friend, as well as his second victim. Banquo enters the play with Macbeth after both have fought valiantly for Duncan’s side in a recent battle.

• Shakespeare:
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন Stratford, Warwickshire, England.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English poet, dramatist এবং actor.
- তাকে English national poet বলা হয়।
- He is considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. 

• Notable work: 
- A Midsummer Night’s Dream
- All’s Well That Ends Well
- Antony and Cleopatra
- As You Like It
- Coriolanus
- Cymbeline 
- First Folio 
- Hamlet
- Julius Caesar
- King John
- King Lear
- Macbeth
- Measure for Measure
- Othello
- The Comedy of Errors

Source: britannica.com

উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে 'The Battle of the Books' is written by- Jonathan Swift.

• Jonathan Swift:
- He was an Anglo-Irish author, who was the foremost prose satirist in the English language.
- Gulliver’s Travels is the most celebrated novel written by him.

• Some notable work:

- A Modest proposal
- Gulliver’s Travels
- The Battle of the Books
- A Tale of a Tub
- Argument Against Abolishing Christianity 
- Journal to Stella
- The Conduct of the Allies
- Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica 

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে 'Mountains, ye mourn in vain
Modred, whose magic song' this line is from Thomas Gray's- The Bard.

• Thomas Gray:
- His literary output was slight.
- He was the dominant poetic figure in the mid-18th century.
- A precursor of the Romantic movement.

Some notable work of him:
- An Elegy Written in a Country Church Yard 
- Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College 
- The Bard
- The Progress of Poesy


Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ 'King Arthur' is a creation by- John Dryden.

• John Dryden:  
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন 1631, Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire, England.
- He was an English poet, dramatist, and literary critic who so dominated the literary scene of his day that it came to be known as the Age of Dryden.

• Some notable work: 
- Absalom and Achitophel
- Annus Mirabilis
- Astraea Redux
- Aureng-Zebe
-Fables Ancient and Modern
- King Arthur
- Mac Flecknoe 


Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর- The White Devil.
- The White Devil এটি John Webster লিখিত একটি play.

• The White Devil:
- এটি  the duke of Brachiano এবং Vittoria Corombona এর একটি প্রেমের গল্প।

•Samuel Johnson:
- তিনি একজন English critic, biographer, essayist, poet এবং lexicographerন.
- He is regarded as one of the greatest figures of 18th-century life and letters.

• Some notable work: 
- A Dictionary of the English Language
- Debates in the Senate of Magna Lilliputia
- Irene
- London
- Taxation No Tyranny
- The False Alarm


Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ The Neoclassical Age is also called- Pseudo-classical age.

The Neoclassical Age: 1660–1785-time frame is known as ‘The Neoclassical Period’ of English Literature.
- The Neoclassical period তিনটি যুগে বা period এ ভাগ করা যায়:
1.The Restoration period
2.The Augustan Age
3.The Age of Sensibility

- Neoclassical age is also called Pseudo-classical to mean the artificiality of the writers of the class. 
-They imitated the ancient Greek and Roman literary tradition.

•এই যুগ এর বিখ্যাত সাহিত্যিক গণ:
- John Milton
- John Dryden
- Jonathan Swift
- Alexander Pope
- Henry Fielding
- Daniel Defoe
- John Bunyan etc.

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে Francis Bacon is a British author.

• Francis Bacon:
- তার পুরো নাম Francis Bacon, Viscount Saint Alban.
- তাকে Sir Francis Bacon ও বলা হয়।
- তিনি একজন lawyer, statesman, philosopher এবং master of the English tongue.
- He is remembered in literary terms for the sharp worldly wisdom of a few dozen essays.

• Some notable work:

- Advancement of Learning
- Commentarius Solutus
- De Sapientia Veterum
- Instauratio Magna
- Novum Organum
- The New Atlantis

Source: britannica.com

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে John Keats একজন British poet.

• John Keats:
- তিনি একজন British poet
- He is an English Romantic lyric poet who devoted his short life to the perfection of a poetry marked by vivid imagery, great sensuous appeal, and an attempt to express a philosophy through classical legend. 

• Some notable work: 
- Endymion
- Hyperion
- Isabella
- La Belle Dame sans merci
- Lamia
- Ode on a Grecian Urn
- Ode to Psyche
- Ode to a Nightingale
- On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর- The Vision of Judgement.

• 'The Vision of Judgement' এটি Lord Byron রচিত।

• The Vision of Judgement:
- এটি একটি satirical poem.
- It depicts a dispute in Heaven over the fate of George III's soul.

• Jane Austen: 
- তিনি একজন English novelist.
- She first gave the novel its distinctly modern character through her treatment of ordinary people in everyday life.

• Some notable work:
- Emma
- Lady Susan
- Mansfield Park
- Northanger Abbey
- Persuasion
- Pride and Prejudice
- Sense and Sensibility

Source: Britannica.

• উক্তিটি William Shakespeare এর Comedy play All’s Well That Ends Well“, Act 1 Scene 1 - হতে উদ্ধৃত।
- All’s Well That Ends Well, comedy in five acts by William Shakespeare,
- written in 1601–05 and published in the First Folio of 1623 seemingly from a theatrical playbook that still retained certain authorial features or from a literary transcript either of the playbook or of an authorial manuscript.
- The principal source of the plot was a tale in Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron.

Source: Britannica.

♦ 'The Professor' is the creation of- Charlotte Bronte.

• Charlotte Bronte: 
- তিনি একজন British author.
- তিনি Jane Eyre এর জন্যে বিখ্যাত।
- Her father was Patrick Brontë is an Anglican clergyman. Irish-born, he had changed his name from the more commonplace Brunty.

• Notable work:
- Jane Eyre
- Poems by Currer
- Ellis and Acton Bell
- Shirley: A Tale
- The Professor
- Villette

Source: Britannica.

উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে Jane Eyre এর Aunt হলো- Mrs. Reed.

• Jane Eyre:
- Jane Eyre হলো একজন অল্পবয়সী এতিম মেয়ে যে তার Aunt এর কাছে আশ্রিত , যিনি ছিলেন খুবই ধনী ও নিষ্ঠূর একজন নারী।
- Bessie নামক একজন servant named তাকে কেবল একটু স্নেহ  করত।
- When she was sent to the Lowood School, Jane finds that her life is far from idyllic. The school’s headmaster is Mr. Brocklehurst, a cruel, hypocritical, and abusive man.

Charlotte Bronte: 
- তিনি একজন British author.
- English novelist noted for Jane Eyre a strong narrative of a woman in conflict with her natural desires and social condition. 
- Her father was Patrick Brontë is an Anglican clergyman. Irish-born, he had changed his name from the more commonplace Brunty.

Notable work:
- Jane Eyre
- Poems by Currer
- Ellis and Acton Bell
- Shirley: A Tale
- The Professor
- Villette

Source: Britannica.

♦ Robert Browning is a- British poet.

Robert Browning:
- তিনি Victorian যুগের একজন major English poet।
- তিনি তার  dramatic monologue and psychological portraiture এর জন্যে বিখ্যাত।
- His most noted work was The Ring and the Book, the story of a Roman murder trial in 12 books.

Notable work:
- Dramatis Personae
- Fra Lippo Lippi
- Men and Women
- My Last Duchess
- Paracelsus
- Pippa Passes
- Rabbi Ben Ezra
- Sordello
- The Pied Piper of Hamelin
- The Ring and the Book

Source: britannica.com

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে 'You Never Can Tell' is a- comedy.

• You Never Can Tell:
- You Never Can Tell is an 1897 four-act play by George Bernard Shaw that debuted at the Royalty Theatre.
- The play is set in a seaside town.
- It tells the story of Mrs Clandon and her three children, Dolly, Phillip and Gloria.
- They have just returned to England after an eighteen-year stay in Madeira.
- The children have no idea who their father is and, through a comedy of errors, end up inviting him to a family lunch.

• G.B. Shaw:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন Irish comic, dramatist, literary critic এবং socialist propagandist.
- 1925 সালে সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।

• Some notable work:
- Arms and the Man
- Back to Methuselah
- Caesar and Cleopatra
- Candida
- Heartbreak House
- John Bull’s Other Island
- Major Barbara
- Man, and Superman
- Mrs. Warren’s Profession
- Plays, Pleasant and Unpleasant
- Pygmalion
- Saint Joan
- The Apple Cart
- The Devil’s Disciple
- The Doctor’s Dilemma

Source: Britannica.

♦ Raina is the heroine of the play 'Arms and the Man'.

• Some other character: 
- Bluntschli
- Louka
- Sergius
- Catherine
- Sergius

• G. B. Shaw:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন Irish comic, dramatist, literary critic এবং socialist propagandist.
- 1925 সালে সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।

• Some notable work:
- Arms and the Man
- Back to Methuselah 
- Caesar and Cleopatra
- Candida
- Heartbreak House
- John Bull’s Other Island
- Major Barbara
- Man, and Superman
- Mrs. Warren’s Profession
- Plays, Pleasant and Unpleasant
- Pygmalion
- Saint Joan
- The Apple Cart
- The Devil’s Disciple
- The Doctor’s Dilemma

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে Joseph Conrad is a- British writer.

• Joseph Conrad: 
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English novelist এবং short-story writer of Polish descent.
- During his lifetime Conrad was admired for the richness of his prose and his renderings of dangerous life at sea and in exotic places.

• Notable work:
- An Outcast of the Islands 
- Chance
- Heart of Darkness
- Lord Jim
- Nostromo
- The Secret Agent
- Typhoon
- Under Western Eyes
- Victory
- Youth

Source: Britannica.

♦ 'An Ideal Husband' is written by- Oscar Wilde.

• An Ideal Husband:
- এটি প্রথম ১৮৯৫ সালে প্রকাশ হয়।
- It revolves around blackmail and political corruption, and touches on the themes of public and private honour. 

• Oscar Wilde:
- তিনি একজন Irish Author.
- তিনি একাধারে  Irish wit, poet, dramatist and novelist.
-  He was a spokesman for the late 19th-century Aesthetic movement in England, which advocated art for art’s sake.

• Some notable work: 
- The Importance of Being Earnest
- The Picture of Dorian Gray
- A Woman of No Importance
- An Ideal Husband
- Intentions
- The Happy Prince and Other Tales

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, 
So long lives this, and this gives life to three." is the example of- Anaphora.

• Anaphora:
- Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginnings of two or more successive verse lines, clauses, or more successive verse lines, clauses or sentences.
- অর্থাৎ কোন word অথবা phrase এর repetition হয় পর পর কোন verse এর শুরুতে তাকে Anaphora বলে।
- যেমন:
In Every cry of every man
In every Infant's cry of fear,
In every voice, in every ban,
The mind forg'd manacles I hear. 

• Writers use anaphora to emphasize the points they want to make. 

Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে Hamartia is a flaw in the character of the protagonist of a tragedy.

• Hamartia:
- এটি হলো protagonist এর চরিত্রের একটি ত্রুটি।
- It causes the fall of the protagonist from the top of his success to the bottom of his misery.
- It's also called tragic flaw.
- Dr. Faustus's thirst for God like power in Doctor Faustus, King Lear's error in Judgement in King Lear is the example of Hamartia in the Protagonist's character.

Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.

♦ 'The Age of Sensibility' was dominated by- Dr. Samuel Johnson.

• Dr. Samuel Johnson:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন English critic, biographer, essayist, poet এবং lexicographer.
- He was regarded as one of the greatest figures of চ life and letters.
- It is also called the Age of Johnson after the name of Dr. Samuel Johnson who dominated this period.
- This age started after Pope’s death and ended with the first edition of Lyrical Ballads in 1798.
- He was English critic, biographer, essayist, poet, and lexicographer, regarded as one of the greatest figures of 18th-century life and letters.


Some notable work: 
- A Dictionary of the English Language
- Debates in the Senate of Magna Lilliputia
- Irene
- London
- Rasselas 
- Taxation No Tyranny
- The False Alarm

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

- তিনি ১৭৩০ সালে ৩০ নভেম্বর জন্ম গ্রহণ করেন।

- তিনি একাধারে Anglo-Irish essayist, poet, novelist, dramatist.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে সঠিক উত্তর- Tom Jones.

• Some character's name from ‘She Stoops to Conquer’:
- Tony Lumpkin
- Mr. Hardcastle
- Mrs. Hardcastle
- Miss Kate Hardcastle
- Charles Marlow

• Some notable work of Oliver Goldsmith: 
- An Enquiry into the Present State of Polite Learning in Europe
- She Stoops to Conquer
- The Deserted Village
- The Traveller

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica 

♦ T.S. Eliot was the leader of the Modernist movement

• T.S. Eliot: 
- তার পুরো নাম Thomas Stearns Eliot.
- তিনি একাধারে  American-English poet, playwright, literary critic এবং editor.
- He is a leader of the Modernist movement in poetry in such works as The Waste Land and Four Quartets.

• Notable work:
- Murder in the Cathedral
- The Elder Statesman
- The Family Reunion
- Four Quartets
- The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
- The Metaphysical Poets
- The Sacred Wood
- The Waste Land

Source: Britannica

♦ William Wordsworth was a poet from- Romantic period.

•  William Wordsworth:
- তিনি জন্মগ্রহণ করেন April 7, 1770, Cockermouth, Cumberland, England.
- তাকে  Lake poet বলা হয়, কারণ তিনি North England এর Lake District এ জন্মগ্রহণ করেন।

• Some notable work:
- Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey
- Lyrical Ballads
- Michael
- Ode: Intimations of Immortality
- Peter Bell
- The Excursion
- The Prelude
- The Recluse
- The Ruined Cottage 
-The Solitary Reaper

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর- John Dryden.

• John Dryden - is not from romantic age from the options given below. 
- He was an author from the Restoration period.  

• A list of authors from Romantic age:
- William Wordsworth
- William Blake
- S.T. Coleridge
- John Keats
- P.B. Shelly
- Lord Byron

Source: Britannica.

♦ William Blake Augustan period থেকে belong করে না।
- তিনি Romantic period এর একজন কবি।

• Author from Augustan period:
-Daniel Defoe
- Jonathan Swift
- Alexander Pope
- Samuel Richardson
- Henry Fielding

• Author from Romantic period:
- William Blake
- William Wordsworth
- Jane Austen
- Charles Lamb
- Lord Byron

Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

♦ John Dryden is from the - Restoration period.

• John Dryden:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন  English poet, dramatist এবং literary critic.
- তিনি the Restoration Period এর একজন লেখক।
- 'All for Love' John Dryden iলিখিত একটি tragedy. 
- Shakespeare এর  Antony and Cleopatra এর  উপর ভিত্তি করে Blank Verse এ লেখা হয়েছে এই tragedy টি।
- এটি John Dryden অন্যতম সাহিত্যকর্ম।

• John Dryden রচিত অন্যান্য সাহিত্যকর্ম সমূহ:
- Absalom and Achitophel
- Annus Mirabilis
- Astraea Redu
- The Essay of Dramatic Poesy

Source: Britannica.

• T.S. Eliot: 
- তার পুরো নাম Thomas Stearns Eliot.
- তিনি একাধারে  American-English poet, playwright, literary critic এবং editor.
- He is a leader of the Modernist movement in poetry in such works as The Waste Land and Four Quartets.

• Notable work:
- Murder in the Cathedral
- The Elder Statesman
- The Family Reunion
- Four Quartets
- The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
- The Metaphysical Poets
- The Sacred Wood
- The Waste Land

Source: Britannica

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের সঠিক উত্তর- Women in Love.

• Women in Love এটি হলো David Herbert Lawrence এর লিখিত একটি novel.

• Women in Love:
- এই novel টি রচিত হয়েছে দুই বোন এর গল্প নিয়ে।
- The sisters meet and fall in love with two men who, like them, are emotionally intense and often confused about love and life.

• W.B. Yeats: 
- তিনি একজন Irish author.
- তিনি একাধারে poet, dramatist এবং prose writer.
- তিনি 20th century এর একজন বিখ্যাত English-language poets.
- তিনি ১৯২৩ সালে Novel prize পান।

• Some notable work:
- A Vision
- At the Hawk’s Well
- Easter 1916
- Four Plays for Dancers
- Last Poems and Two Plays
- Leda and the Swan
- Responsibilities: Poems and a Play
- Sailing to Byzantium
- The Celtic Twilight

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নের “Nothing happens. Nobody comes, nobody goes. It's awful.” This quote is from Samuel Beckett's- Waiting for Godot.

• Waiting for Godot: 
- এই নাটক এ Vladimir ও Estragon এর কথোপকথন এর মাধ্যমে সামনে আগাতে থাকে.
- তারা দুইজন Godot নামক একজন এর জন্যে অপেক্ষা করতে থাকে পুরো সময় জুড়ে কিন্তু তার আর কখোনই আগমন ঘটে না।
- তাদের Lucky ও Pozzo এর সাথে দেখা হয়, তখন তারা তাদের দুঃখ কষ্ট নিয়ে আলোচনা করে।
- They consider hanging themselves, and yet they wait.

• Samuel Beckett:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন author, critic এবং playwright.
- তিনি ১৯৬৯ এ সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।
- He wrote in both French and English.

• Notable work: 
- All That Fall
- Come and Go
- Dream of Fair to Middling Women
- Eh Joe!
- Endgame
- Film
- Happy Days
- Krapp’s Last Tape
- Malone Dies
- Molloy
- More Pricks than Kicks
- Murphy
- The Unnamable
- Waiting for Godot
- Watt

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে সঠিক উত্তর- I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.

• I wandered lonely as a cloud হলো William Wordsworth লিখিত একটি কবিতা।

• I wandered lonely as a cloud:
- এই কবিতায় কবি একটি lake এর কাছে একটি daffodils ফুল বাগান দেখতে পায়, যার স্মৃতি তাকে পরিতৃপ্ত করে ও  আনন্দ দেয় যখন তিনি একা থাকেন। 

• T.S. Eliot: 
- তার পুরো নাম Thomas Stearns Eliot.
- তিনি একাধারে  American-English poet, playwright, literary critic এবং editor.
- He is a leader of the Modernist movement in poetry in such works as The Waste Land and Four Quartets.
- তিনি ১৯৪৮ সালে সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।

• Notable work:
- Murder in the Cathedral
- The Elder Statesman
- The Family Reunion
- Four Quartets
- The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
- The Metaphysical Poets
- The Sacred Wood
- The Waste Land

Source: Britannica

♦ প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত Virginia Woolf's 'A Room of One's Own' is an- Essay.

• A Room of One's Own: 
- Woolf তার এই রচনায় society তে  নারীদের অবস্থান , বিশেষভাবে নারী লেখিকাদের অবস্থান অলোচনা করেন।
- এটি তার একটি famous essay.
- তার মতে একজন নারীর অবশ্যই নিজস্ব টাকা ও একটি নিজের Room থাকা প্রয়োজন।
- According to Woolf, centuries of prejudice and financial and educational disadvantages have inhibited women's creativity.

• Virginia Woolf: 
- তিনি একজন English writer.
- তিনি তার novel এর জন্যে বিখ্যাত।
-  তাকে one of the most important modernists from 20th-century authors হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়।

• Notable work: 
- A Room of One’s Own
- Between the Acts
- Flush
- Freshwater
- Jacob’s Room
- Kew Gardens
- Modern Fiction
- Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown
- Mrs. Dalloway
- Orlando
- The Art of Fiction
- The Common Reader

Source: Britannica.

♦ প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত Virginia Woolf is a- British writer.

• Virginia Woolf: 
- তিনি একজন English writer.
- তিনি তার novel এর জন্যে বিখ্যাত।
-  তাকে one of the most important modernists from 20th-century authors হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়।

Notable work: 
- A Room of One’s Own
- Between the Acts
- Flush
- Freshwater
- Jacob’s Room
- Kew Gardens
- Modern Fiction
- Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown
- Mrs. Dalloway
- Orlando
- The Art of Fiction
- The Common Reader

Source: Britannica.

♦ “A heap of broken images, where the sun beats" this line is from T.S. Eliot's- The Waste Land.

• The Waste Land: 
- কবির এই কবিতাটি spring season সম্পর্কিত।
- The poem's speaker talks about how spring is an awful time of year, stirring up memories of bygone days and unfulfilled desires.

• T.S. Eliot: 
- তার পুরো নাম Thomas Stearns Eliot.
- তিনি একাধারে  American-English poet, playwright, literary critic এবং editor.
- He is a leader of the Modernist movement in poetry in such works as The Waste Land and Four Quartets.
- তিনি ১৯৪৮ সালে সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।

• Notable work:
- Murder in the Cathedral
- The Elder Statesman
- The Family Reunion
- Four Quartets
- The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
- The Metaphysical Poets
- The Sacred Wood
- The Waste Land

Source: Britannica

♦ Samuel Beckett is an Irish author.

• Samuel Beckett:
- তিনি একাধারে একজন author, critic এবং playwright.
- তিনি ১৯৬৯ এ সাহিত্যে Nobel Prize পান।
- He wrote in both French and English.

• Notable work: 
- All That Fall
- Come and Go
- Dream of Fair to Middling Women
- Eh Joe!
- Endgame
- Film
- Happy Days
- Krapp’s Last Tape
- Malone Dies
- Molloy
- More Pricks than Kicks
- Murphy
- Play
- The Unnamable
- Waiting for Godot
- Watt

Source: Britannica.
==========
সঠিক উত্তরটি একাধিক অপশনে থাকায় উত্তর তুলে দেওয়া হয়েছে।

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে James Joyce is from- Modern age.

• James Joyce: 
- তার পুরো নাম James Augustine Aloysius Joyce.
- He is an Irish novelist noted for his experimental use of language and exploration of new literary methods in such large works of fiction as Ulysses.

• Some notable work: 
- A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
- After the Race
- Chamber Music
- Dubliners
- Evelin
- Exiles
- Finnegans Wake
- Stephen Hero
- The Day of the Rabblement
- The Dead
- The Sisters
- Ulysses

Source: Britannica.

• Sons and Lovers:
- এই novel টি লিখেন D.H. Lawrance.
- তার পুরো নাম David Herbert Lawrence.
- The novel revolves around Paul Morel, a sensitive young artist whose love for his mother, Gertrude, overshadows his romances with two women: Miriam Leivers, his repressed, religious girlfriend, and Clara Dawes.

• D.H. Lawrence: 
- He is an English author of novels, short stories, poems, plays, essays, travel books, and letters.
- তার novel Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow এবং Women in Love তাকে 20th century এর সবচেয়ে influential English writers হিসেবে প্রকাশ করে।

• Notable work: 
- Aaron’s Rod
- Kangaroo
- Lady Chatterley’s Lover
- Mr. Noon
- Sons and Lovers
- Studies in Classic American Literature
- The Plumed Serpent
- The Rainbow
- The White Peacock
- Women in Love

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে E.M. এর full form হলো- Edward Morgan.

• E.M. Forster:
- তিনি একজন British writer.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন British novelist, essayist এবং social ও literary critic.
- His fame rests largely on his novels Howards End and A Passage to India and on a large body of criticism.

• Notable work:
- A Passage to India
- A Room with a View
- Aspects of the Novel
- Howards End
- Marianne Thornton
- Maurice
- The Hill of Devi
- The Longest Journey
- Where Angels Fear to Tread

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে 'A Passage to India' examines the relationship between the British and the Indians. 

• A Passage to India:
- এটি E.M. Forster লিখিত একটি novel.
- এটি ১৯২৪ সালে published হয়।
- The book portrays the relationship between the British and the Indians in India.
- The tensions that arise when a visiting Englishwoman, Adela Quested, accuses a well-respected Indian man, Dr. Aziz, of having attacked her during an outing. 

• E.M. Forster:
- তিনি একজন British writer.
- তিনি একাধারে একজন British novelist, essayist এবং social ও literary critic.
- His fame rests largely on his novels Howards End and A Passage to India and on a large body of criticism.

• Notable work:
- A Passage to India
- A Room with a View
- Aspects of the Novel
- Howards End
- Marianne Thornton
- Maurice
- The Hill of Devi
- The Longest Journey
- Where Angels Fear to Tread

Source: Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে ”Poetic Justice” was coined by- Thomas Rymer

• Poetic Justice is a situation where the bad one is punished and the good one is rewarded.

Thomas Rymer:
- তিনি প্রথম Poetic Justice Literary term টি আবিষ্কার করেন ।
- তিনি হলেন একজন Literary Critic.
- The Tragedies of the Last Age তার একটি অনন্য রচনা।

Source: ABC of English Literature, Britannica.

♦ উল্লেখিত প্রশ্নে 'The Lady of the Lake' is written by- Sir Walter Scott.

• The Lady of the Lake:
- The narrative of the poem concerns the struggle between King James V and the powerful clan Douglas.

• Sir Walter Scott: 
- তিনি একজন Scottish novelist, poet, historian, এবং biographer 
- তিনি ছিলেন পেশায় একজন advocate, judge and legal administrator.

• Some notable work: 
- Ivanhoe
- Kenilworth
- Marmion 
- Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border
- Old Mortality
- The Chase, and William and Helen
- The Heart of Midlothian 
- The Lady of the Lake 
- The Lay of the Last Minstrel

Source: Britannica.