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স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য) - লং কোর্স

পরীক্ষাস্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য) - লং কোর্সতারিখতারিখ অনির্ধারিতসময়30 minutes
মোট প্রশ্ন৩৮
সিলেবাস
Physiology-04 - Endocrinology and reproduction - Hypophysis, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal gland, Ovary and testis, Reproduction and control of fertility in the male and female.
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য) - লং কোর্স

স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য) - লং কোর্স · তারিখ অনির্ধারিত · ৩৮ প্রশ্ন

১.
In steps of biosynthesis of thyroid hormone, TSH works on which step-
  1. ক
    ক) Iodide Pump (Iodide Trapping)
  2. খ
    খ) Formation and Secretion of Thyroglobulin by the Thyroid Cells:
  3. গ
    গ) Oxidation of the Iodide Ion
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Organification of Thyroglobulin
ব্যাখ্যা
TSH works on iodide trapping
২.
Synthesis and secretion of calcitonin occur in the-
  1. ক
    ক) Perifollicular cells
  2. খ
    খ) Parafollicular cells
  3. গ
    গ) Leydig’s cells
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) D cells
ব্যাখ্যা
Calcitonin is secreted from parafollicular cell
৩.
Excess Catecholamine causes-
  1. ক
    ক) Phenylketonuria
  2. খ
    খ) Phaeochromocytoma
  3. গ
    গ) Parinaud syndrome
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Parkinson disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Phaeochromocytoma is a catecholamine secreting tumor.
৪.
Which is called master gland?
  1. ক
    ক) Anterior pituitary
  2. খ
    খ) Posterior pituitary
  3. গ
    গ) Hypothalamus
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Pancreas
ব্যাখ্যা
Anterior pituitary is also known as the master gland because it regulates many other endocrine glands through its hormones.
৫.
Which hormone has receptor on cytoplasm?
  1. ক
    ক) Steroid hormone
  2. খ
    খ) Thyroid
  3. গ
    গ) Proteins & polypeptide
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Catecholamine
৬.
Which promotes uterine contraction?
  1. ক
    ক) Prolactin
  2. খ
    খ) FSH
  3. গ
    গ) LH
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Oxytocin
৭.
Which stimulates secretion of uterine milk?
  1. ক
    ক) LH
  2. খ
    খ) FSH
  3. গ
    গ) Estrogen
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Progesterone
৮.
Placenta not produces
  1. ক
    ক) hCG
  2. খ
    খ) Oxytocin
  3. গ
    গ) Estrogen
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Progesteron
ব্যাখ্যা
Oxytocin is secreted from posterior pituitary.
৯.
Primary sex organ of male-
  1. ক
    ক) Testes
  2. খ
    খ) Epididymis
  3. গ
    গ) Vas deferens
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Seminal vesicle
ব্যাখ্যা
Primary sex organ in male is testes, whereas ovary in female.
১০.
Thelarche is
  1. ক
    ক) The development of breast
  2. খ
    খ) The development of axillary and pubic hair
  3. গ
    গ) The first menstrual period
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) The onset of adrenal androgens secretion
ব্যাখ্যা
Thelarche is the development of breast.
১১.
Which of the following factor inhibits GH secretion?
  1. ক
    ক) Ghrelin
  2. খ
    খ) Somatomedins
  3. গ
    গ) Exercise
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Stress
১২.
Amino acid required for thyroid hormone synthesis
  1. ক
    ক) Alanine
  2. খ
    খ) Valine
  3. গ
    গ) Tryptophan
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Tyrosine
১৩.
Thyroid hormone increases all of the following except
  1. ক
    ক) Gluconeogenesis
  2. খ
    খ) Glycogenolysis
  3. গ
    গ) Lipogenesis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lipolysis
১৪.
Which factor inhibits hypothalamus for thyroid hormone synthesis?
  1. ক
    ক) Low BMR
  2. খ
    খ) Dopamine
  3. গ
    গ) Leptin
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) MSH
১৫.
Thyroid hormone deficiency in adult results in
  1. ক
    ক) Graves’ disease
  2. খ
    খ) Myxedema
  3. গ
    গ) Cretinism
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) None of them
১৬.
Sites of action of PTH excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Skin
  2. খ
    খ) Bone
  3. গ
    গ) Kidney
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Intestine
১৭.
The two testes of the human adult form up to -
  1. ক
    ক) 110 million sperm each day
  2. খ
    খ) 120 million sperm each day
  3. গ
    গ) 130 million sperm each day
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 140 million sperm each day
ব্যাখ্যা
The two testes of the human adult form up to 120 million sperm each day.
১৮.
Forms of calcium excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Ionized calcium
  2. খ
    খ) Calcium complexed to anions
  3. গ
    গ) Protein bound calcium
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Oxidized calcium
১৯.
Tetany occurs when plasma calcium level falls below …mg/dl
  1. ক
    ক) 4
  2. খ
    খ) 5
  3. গ
    গ) 6
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 9
ব্যাখ্যা
Hypoparathyroidism leads to hypocalcemia, by decreasing the resorption of calcium from bones. Hypocalcemia causes neuromuscular hyperexcitability, resulting in hypocalcemic tetany. Normally, tetany occurs when plasma calcium level falls below 6 mg/dL from its normal value of 9.4 mg/dL.
২০.
Catecholamines are derived from
  1. ক
    ক) Zona glomerulosa
  2. খ
    খ) Zona fasciculata
  3. গ
    গ) Zona retucularis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Medulla
২১.
F cell of islets of Langerhans secrete
  1. ক
    ক) Somatostatin
  2. খ
    খ) Insulin
  3. গ
    গ) Glucagon
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) PP
ব্যাখ্যা

Islets of Langerhans consist of four types of cells:
 A cells or α-cells, which secrete glucagon
 B cells or β-cells, which secrete insulin
 D cells or δ-cells, which secrete somatostatin
 F cells or PP cells, which secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

২২.
Functions of insulin excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Fat synthesis
  2. খ
    খ) Protein synthesis
  3. গ
    গ) Glycogolysis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Growth & gene expression
২৩.
In type-2 DM
  1. ক
    ক) Low plasma insulin
  2. খ
    খ) Usually >30 yr
  3. গ
    গ) Normal insulin sensitivity
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Increased plasma glucose
২৪.
Sertoli cells are stimulated by
  1. ক
    ক) FSH
  2. খ
    খ) LH
  3. গ
    গ) GH
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) TSH
২৫.
Percentage of sperms in semen
  1. ক
    ক) 10%
  2. খ
    খ) 30%
  3. গ
    গ) 60%
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 90%
২৬.
Ovulation occurs at day
  1. ক
    ক) 1
  2. খ
    খ) 5
  3. গ
    গ) 14
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 28
২৭.
Which hormone is not released from hypothalamus?
  1. ক
    ক) Dopamine
  2. খ
    খ) Somatostatin
  3. গ
    গ) Thyrotropin inhibitory hormone
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Corticotrophin releasing hormone
২৮.
Which stimulates testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of testes?
  1. ক
    ক) Prolactin
  2. খ
    খ) FSH
  3. গ
    গ) LH
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Oxytocin
২৯.
Which hormone has anti-inflammatory effect?
  1. ক
    ক) PTH
  2. খ
    খ) Calcitonin
  3. গ
    গ) Cortisol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Aldosterone
৩০.
Which promotes development of secretory apparatus of breast?
  1. ক
    ক) LH
  2. খ
    খ) FSH
  3. গ
    গ) Estrogen
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Progesterone
৩১.
Thyroglobulin precursor is secreted from
  1. ক
    ক) RER
  2. খ
    খ) SER
  3. গ
    গ) Golgi apparatus
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lysosome
৩২.
Cardiovascular effects of thyroid hormone exclude
  1. ক
    ক) Increased cardiac output
  2. খ
    খ) Increased heart rate
  3. গ
    গ) Increased peripheral resistance
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Increased heart strength
৩৩.
Thyroid hormone excess results in
  1. ক
    ক) Graves’ disease
  2. খ
    খ) Myxedema
  3. গ
    গ) Cretinism
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) None of them
৩৪.
PTH increase Ca2+ efflux from
  1. ক
    ক) Skin
  2. খ
    খ) Bone
  3. গ
    গ) Kidney
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Intestine
৩৫.
Which of the following hormones acts on its target tissues by a steroid hormone mechanism of action?
  1. ক
    ক) Thyroid hormone
  2. খ
    খ) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  3. গ
    গ) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the collecting duct
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) β1-adrenergic agonists
ব্যাখ্যা
Thyroid hormone, an amine, acts on its target tissues by a steroid hormone mechanism, inducing the synthesis of new proteins. The action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the collecting duct (V2 receptors) is mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), although the other action of ADH (vascular smooth muscle, V1 receptors) is mediated by inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3). Parathyroid hormone (PTH), β1-agonists, and glucagon all act through cAMP mechanisms of action.
৩৬.
Which of the following functions of the Sertoli cells mediates negative feedback control of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion?
  1. ক
    ক) Synthesis of inhibin
  2. খ
    খ) Synthesis of testosterone
  3. গ
    গ) Aromatization of testosterone
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Maintenance of the blood–testes barrier
ব্যাখ্যা
Inhibin is produced by the Sertoli cells of the testes when they are stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Inhibin then inhibits further secretion of FSH by negative feedback on the anterior pituitary. The Leydig cells synthesize testosterone. Testosterone is aromatized in the ovaries.
৩৭.
Selective destruction of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex would produce a deficiency of which hormone?
  1. ক
    ক) Aldosterone
  2. খ
    খ) Androstenedione
  3. গ
    গ) Cortisol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Dehydroepiandrosterone
ব্যাখ্যা
Aldosterone is produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex because that layer contains the enzyme for conversion of corticosterone to aldosterone (aldosterone synthase). Cortisol is produced in the zona fasciculata. Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone are produced in the zona reticularis. Testosterone is produced in the testes, not in the adrenal cortex.
৩৮.
Which of the following explains the suppression of lactation during pregnancy?
  1. ক
    ক) Blood prolactin levels are too low for milk production to occur
  2. খ
    খ) Human placental lactogen levels are too low for milk production to occur
  3. গ
    গ) Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone are high
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) The maternal anterior pituitary is suppressed
ব্যাখ্যা
Although the high circulating levels of estrogen stimulate prolactin secretion during pregnancy, the action of prolactin on the breast is inhibited by progesterone and estrogen. After parturition, progesterone and estrogen levels decrease dramatically. Prolactin can then interact with its receptors in the breast, and lactation proceeds if initiated by suckling.