ব্যাখ্যা
What earns the Atacama the title of world's driest desert is, in large part, its position between the Cordillera de la Costa mountain range to the west and the Andes to the east, with surrounding elevations ranging from 5,000 feet to 16,000 feet.
The mountains and other environmental factors prevent would-be precipitation from reaching the Atacama, creating a so-called rain shadow.
On average, the Atacama receives less than one millimeter of rainfall each year. Research shows that some of the Atacama's riverbeds have been dry for 120,000 years, and some pockets of the South American desert are said to have never seen rain at all.
source: britannica and CNN