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Infectious Agents

মোট প্রশ্ন১৯২এই পাতা৯২প্রতি পাতা১০০
প্রশ্ন দেখুনঅনুশীলন
ঘনত্ব
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উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Infectious Agents

PrepBank · পাতা ২ / ২ · ১০১–১৯২ / ১৯২

১০১.
Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by
  1. ক
    ক) C. trachomatis
  2. খ
    খ) C. pneumoniae
  3. গ
    গ) C. psittaci
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) T. pallidum
১০২.
HBsAb is positive at
  1. ক
    ক) Acute disease
  2. খ
    খ) Window phase
  3. গ
    গ) Complete recovery
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Chronic carrier state
১০৩.
Secondary TB classically involves
  1. ক
    ক) Apex
  2. খ
    খ) Base
  3. গ
    গ) Lingula
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) hilum
ব্যাখ্যা
• Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis classically involves the apex of the upper lobes of one or both lungs.
১০৪.
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is caused by-
  1. ক
    ক) Cl. Botulinum
  2. খ
    খ) Cl. Difficile
  3. গ
    গ) Strepto. faecalis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Pseudomembranous aeruginosa
ব্যাখ্যা
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is caused by Cl. Difficile
১০৫.
Which of the following parasites enters into the body through skin?
  1. ক
    ক) Ancylostoma duodenale
  2. খ
    খ) Acanthamoeba
  3. গ
    গ) W. bancrofti
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Loa loa
ব্যাখ্যা
A.Duodenale enters through skin penetration
১০৬.
Which is the critical mediator that enables macrophages to contain the M. tuberculosis infection?
  1. ক
    ক) IFN- α
  2. খ
    খ) IFN- β
  3. গ
    গ) IFN-γ
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) IFN- δ
ব্যাখ্যা
IFN-γ is the critical mediator that enables macrophages to contain the M. tuberculosis infection.
১০৭.
Organism produces flaccid paralysis-
  1. ক
    ক) Cl. botulinum
  2. খ
    খ) Cl. tetani
  3. গ
    গ) Bacillus cereus
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Vibrio cholera
ব্যাখ্যা
Botulinum toxin block the release of acetylcholine & produces descending weakness & paralysis.
১০৮.
T. solium is more dangerous than T. saginata because
  1. ক
    ক) length
  2. খ
    খ) Nutrient absorption capacity
  3. গ
    গ) Reproduce capacity
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Invasion of CNS
ব্যাখ্যা
T. solium can affects CNS
১০৯.
Not true about M. tuberculosis
  1. ক
    ক) Lung is the main site of infection
  2. খ
    খ) No skin test in common use
  3. গ
    গ) Multiple drug therapy used
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Vaccine available
১১০.
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in:
  1. ক
    ক) Infected sandfly
  2. খ
    খ) polymorphonuclear leucocytes
  3. গ
    গ) bone marrow aspirates
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sputum
ব্যাখ্যা
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in bone marrow aspirate
১১১.
Following parasite affect eye is:
  1. ক
    ক) Angiostrongylus
  2. খ
    খ) Loa loa
  3. গ
    গ) D. latum
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Ascaris
ব্যাখ্যা
Loa loa affects eye
১১২.
Antigen testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid is most useful in the diagnosis of
  1. ক
    ক) histoplasmosis
  2. খ
    খ) blastomycosis
  3. গ
    গ) cryptococcosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) coccidioidomycosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Antigen testing of blood and cerebrospinal fluid is most useful in the diagnosis of cryptococcosis.
১১৩.
Mycobacterium leprae has tropism for
  1. ক
    ক) Extraglomerularmesangial cells
  2. খ
    খ) Schwann cells
  3. গ
    গ) Upper respiratory mucosae
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Testes
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation : M. Leprae has tropism for Schwann cells & skin macrophages.
১১৪.
Example of superantigen -
  1. ক
    Verotoxin of E.coli
  2. খ
    Enterotoxin of staphylococcus
  3. গ
    Shigella toxin
  4. ঘ
    Diphtheria toxin
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Superantigen -
Enterotoxin of staphylococcus
Toxic shock syndrome toxin of s.aureus
All toxin of steptococcus
Enterotoxin of bacillus
Enterotoxin of clostridium.
১১৫.
Listeria monocytogenes most frequently causes which of the following infections?
  1. ক
    ক) Endocarditis
  2. খ
    খ) Peritonitis
  3. গ
    গ) Hepatitis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Meningitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Listeria monocytogenes most frequently causes Meningitis
১১৬.
Characteristic of kala-azar
  1. ক
    ক) Intermittent fever
  2. খ
    খ) Skin pigmentation
  3. গ
    গ) Massive splenomegaly
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Bone marrow suppression
ব্যাখ্যা

In kala-azar
 Symptoms begin with intermittent fever, weakness, and weight loss.
 Massive enlargement of the spleen is characteristic.
 Hyperpigmentation of the skin is seen in light-skinned patients (kala-azar means black sickness).

১১৭.
Ground itch is associated with-
  1. ক
    ক) Larva of hook worm
  2. খ
    খ) Egg of hook worm
  3. গ
    গ) Adult from of hook worm
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Larva of round worm
ব্যাখ্যা
Ancylostoma duodenale larva causes ground itch.
১১৮.
Most common cause of UTI -
  1. ক
    Idiopathic
  2. খ
    E.coli
  3. গ
    Pseudomonas
  4. ঘ
    Klebsiella
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Organism causes UTI :
E.coli (most common) 
Proteus
Staphylococcus saphrophyticus ( Young women)
Staph.epidermidis
Enterococcus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
১১৯.
Atypical organisms excludes
  1. ক
    ক) Mycoplasma
  2. খ
    খ) Chlamydophila
  3. গ
    গ) Coxiella
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Legionella
ব্যাখ্যা
• The term atypical organisms is used for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetii, and viruses (influenza viruses types A and B, human metapneumovirus)
১২০.
Which one is better tolerated in giardiasis?
  1. ক
    ক) Metronidazole
  2. খ
    খ) Tinidazole
  3. গ
    গ) Ornidazole
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mebendazole
ব্যাখ্যা
• The treatment of choice is either tinidazole or metronidazole.
• Tinidazole is better tolerated.
১২১.
N. gonorrhoeae causes all of the following except
  1. ক
    ক) Meningitis
  2. খ
    খ) Gonorrhoea
  3. গ
    গ) PID
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Conjunctivitis
১২২.
Borrelia burgdorferi causes
  1. ক
    ক) Lyme disease
  2. খ
    খ) Relapsing fever
  3. গ
    গ) Scarlet fever
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Slapped cheek syndrome
১২৩.
Female culex mosquito is the vector for which disease?
  1. ক
    ক) Malaria
  2. খ
    খ) Kalazar
  3. গ
    গ) Filariasis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Loiasis
ব্যাখ্যা
Culex is vector for filariasis
১২৪.
Antigenic shift & drift occurs in
  1. ক
    ক) Influenza virus
  2. খ
    খ) RSV
  3. গ
    গ) Measles
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mumps
১২৫.
Mumps usually infects
  1. ক
    ক) Parotid gland
  2. খ
    খ) Sublingual gland
  3. গ
    গ) Submandibular gland
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Buccal gland
ব্যাখ্যা
Infection with mumps virus resulting in bilateral inflamed parotid glands Orchitis, pancreatitis, and aseptic meningitis may also be present.
১২৬.
Campylobacter jejuni infection have been linked to
  1. ক
    ক) Gas gangrene
  2. খ
    খ) Myocarditis
  3. গ
    গ) GBS
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Inflammatory bowel disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Campylobacter species have been linked to GBS & post infectious reactive arthritis.
১২৭.
Main agent in necrotizing fasciitis-
  1. ক
    ক) Streptococcus
  2. খ
    খ) Staphylococcus
  3. গ
    গ) Vibrio
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lactobacillus
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Streptococcus has several enzymes that helps for rapid spreading (hyaluronidase).
১২৮.
Smallest free living organism
  1. ক
    ক) Chlamydia
  2. খ
    খ) Treponema
  3. গ
    গ) Neisseria
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mycoplasma
১২৯.
Clinical feature of Giardiasis
  1. ক
    ক) Fever
  2. খ
    খ) Bloody diarrhoea
  3. গ
    গ) Abdominal pain
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Constipation
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: After incubation period, there is diarrhoea, abdominal pain, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. On examination, there may be abdominal distension and tenderness, Chronic diarrhea and malabsorption may occur, with bulky stools that float.
১৩০.
Time (in minute) for autoclaving
  1. ক
    ক) 5
  2. খ
    খ) 10
  3. গ
    গ) 15
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 30
১৩১.
Chronic carrier state of typhoid fever lies in
  1. ক
    ক) Appendix
  2. খ
    খ) Gallbladder
  3. গ
    গ) Liver
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Spleen
১৩২.
Microorganism which is the normal flora of vagina causes meningitis in newborn -
  1. ক
    Candida albicans
  2. খ
    E.coli
  3. গ
    Diplococcus
  4. ঘ
    Lactobacillus
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus (GBS), E.coli is 
well-known and common pathogenic agent of neonatal sepsis and meningitis caused by the colonization of the maternal birth canal.
১৩৩.
The obligate intracellular bacteria –
  1. ক
    ক) Rickettsia prowazekii
  2. খ
    খ) Legionella pneumophilia
  3. গ
    গ) Mycobacterium leprae
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
ব্যাখ্যা
The obligate intracellular bacteria Rickettsia prowazekii
১৩৪.
Vertical transmission occurs in case of-
  1. ক
    ক) Malaria
  2. খ
    খ) Toxoplasmosis
  3. গ
    গ) Dracunculosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) HAV
ব্যাখ্যা
Vertical transmission occurs in case of toxoplasmosis
১৩৫.
Amoebic liver abscess is caused by which of the following?
  1. ক
    ক) Ascaris lumbricoides
  2. খ
    খ) Strongyloides stercoralis
  3. গ
    গ) Entamoeba histolytica
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Enterobius vermicularis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: amoebic liver abscesses is caused by Entamoeba histolytica
১৩৬.
Following parasite causes surgical jaundice:
  1. ক
    ক) Loa loa
  2. খ
    খ) Plasmodium
  3. গ
    গ) Clonorchis sinensis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Giardia
ব্যাখ্যা
sinensis causes obstructive jaundice
১৩৭.
Trichomonas vaginalis -
  1. ক
    Found commensal in the gut
  2. খ
    Quinolone is effective
  3. গ
    Is transmitted by blood
  4. ঘ
    May cause urethritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Trichomonas vaginalis :
Is sexually transmitted 
Metronidazole is effective drug
May cause urethritis,vaginal discharge
Found in trophozoite form
১৩৮.
Giant roundworm
  1. ক
    ক) A. lumbricoedes
  2. খ
    খ) A. duodenale
  3. গ
    গ) E. vermiculris
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) N. americaana
ব্যাখ্যা
Ascaris lumbricoides is known as the “giant roundworm.” The adults are the largest intestinal nematodes, often growing to 25 cm or more.
১৩৯.
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for developing HCV infection?
  1. ক
    ক) Intravenous drug misuse
  2. খ
    খ) Unscreened blood products
  3. গ
    গ) Vertical transmission
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Needlestick injury
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Intravenous drug misuse is responsible for more than 90% cases of developing HCV infection
১৪০.
HHV-8 is responsible for
  1. ক
    ক) Burkitt lymphoma
  2. খ
    খ) Kaposi sarcoma
  3. গ
    গ) Carcinoma of cervix
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lymphoma
ব্যাখ্যা
HHV-8 is responsible for kaposi sarcoma
১৪১.
Urinary bladder cancer caused by-
  1. ক
    ক) Schistosoma haematobium infection
  2. খ
    খ) Gonococcal infection
  3. গ
    গ) Chlamydial infection
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Schistosoma mansoni
ব্যাখ্যা
S. Hematobium causes bladder cancer
১৪২.
Staphylococcus aureus causes the following toxin mediated diseases
  1. ক
    ক) Scarlet fever
  2. খ
    খ) Gastroenteritis
  3. গ
    গ) Scalded skin syndrome
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Acute rheumatic fever
ব্যাখ্যা
Staphylococcus aureus causes Scalded skin syndrome
১৪৩.
Oncogenic bacteria
  1. ক
    ক) C. jejuni
  2. খ
    খ) H. pylori
  3. গ
    গ) B. anthracis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) B. coli
ব্যাখ্যা

Oncogenic microbes
 HTLV-1: adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma
 HPV: benign warts, cervical cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer
 EBV: Burkitt lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas in patients with T-cell immunosuppression
 Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus: hepatocellular carcinomas
 H. pylori: gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma

১৪৪.
Organism causing nosochomial pneumonia most commonly -
  1. ক
    Streptococcus pneumoniae
  2. খ
    Klebsiella
  3. গ
    E.coli
  4. ঘ
    Pseudomonas
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia -
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Nosochomial / hospital acquired pneumonia -
E.coli
১৪৫.
Which plasmodium species causes relapse ?
  1. ক
    ক) Knowlesi
  2. খ
    খ) Ovale
  3. গ
    গ) Malaria
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Falciparum
ব্যাখ্যা
Relapses of P. vivax and P. ovale malaria can occur up to several years after the initial illness as a result of hypnozoites latent in the liver.
১৪৬.
Transplacental transmission occurs in
  1. ক
    ক) HBV
  2. খ
    খ) Syphilis
  3. গ
    গ) HIV
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Chlamydia
ব্যাখ্যা
Transplacental transmission occurs in Syphilis
১৪৭.
The obligate intracellular bacteria –
  1. ক
    ক) Rickettsia prowazekii
  2. খ
    খ) Legionella pneumophilia
  3. গ
    গ) Mycobacterium leprae
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
ব্যাখ্যা
The obligate intracellular bacteria Rickettsia prowazekii
১৪৮.
Which of the following is the haematological findings in visceral leishmaniasis?
  1. ক
    ক) Eosinophilia
  2. খ
    খ) Lymphopenia ir
  3. গ
    গ) Thrombocytosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Leucopenia
ব্যাখ্যা
Leucopenia occurs in kala-azar
১৪৯.
Which is not systemic fungal infection -
  1. ক
    Sporotrichosis
  2. খ
    Coccidiodes
  3. গ
    Histoplasma
  4. ঘ
    Blastomyces
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Systemic fungal infection -
Coccidiodes 
Paracoccidiodes
Histoplasma
Blastomyces

Sporotrichosis is subcutaneous fungal infection. 
১৫০.
Which streptococcus is lancet shaped?
  1. ক
    ক) Pyogenes
  2. খ
    খ) Agalactiae
  3. গ
    গ) Viridians
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Pneumoniae
১৫১.
Wild rabies virus can grow in -
  1. ক
    Nerve cell
  2. খ
    Epithelial cell
  3. গ
    Fibroblast
  4. ঘ
    Stem cell
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Rabies virus can grow in nerve cell
And transmitted through nerve.
১৫২.
Disinfect surgical site prior to surgery
  1. ক
    ক) Chlorhexidine
  2. খ
    খ) Iodophor
  3. গ
    গ) 70% ethanol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Tincture of iodine
১৫৩.
Which of the following is DNA virus?
  1. ক
    ক) Hepatitis A
  2. খ
    খ) Hepatitis B
  3. গ
    গ) Hepatitis C
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Hepatitis E
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Others are RNA viruses.
১৫৪.
Which is the infective form of E. histolytica?
  1. ক
    ক) Trophozoites
  2. খ
    খ) Mature Quadrinucleate cyst
  3. গ
    গ) Cyst
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Merozoites
ব্যাখ্যা
Mature Quadrinucleate cyst is infective form of E. histolytica
১৫৫.
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in:
  1. ক
    ক) Infected sandfly
  2. খ
    খ) polymorphonuclear leucocytes
  3. গ
    গ) bone marrow aspirates
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sputum
ব্যাখ্যা
Amastigote form of leishmania donovani are detected in bone marrow aspirate
১৫৬.
Diseases caused by viridans streptococcus
  1. ক
    ক) Erysipelas
  2. খ
    খ) Endocarditis
  3. গ
    গ) Scalded skin syndrome
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Toxic shock syndrome
ব্যাখ্যা
Diseases caused by viridans streptococcus - Endocarditis
১৫৭.
Regarding giardiasis, which one is correct?
  1. ক
    ক) Fever
  2. খ
    খ) Invasive
  3. গ
    গ) Bloody diarrhoea
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Malabsorption
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: After incubation period, there is diarrhoea, abdominal pain, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. On examination, there may be abdominal distension and tenderness, Chronic diarrhea and malabsorption may occur, with bulky
১৫৮.
Liver Flukes includes following:
  1. ক
    ক) Schistosoma
  2. খ
    খ) Clonorchis sinensis
  3. গ
    গ) Giardia
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) D. Latum
ব্যাখ্যা
sinensis is liver fluke
১৫৯.
Ascariasis is caused by which of the following parasite?
  1. ক
    ক) Necator americanus
  2. খ
    খ) Ancylostoma duodenale
  3. গ
    গ) Ascaris lumbricoides
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Strongyloides stercoralis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Ascaris lumbricoides causes ascariasis.
১৬০.
Oral route is the main portal of entry for following virus -
  1. ক
    Japanes B encephalitis virus
  2. খ
    Rubella virus
  3. গ
    Hepatitis A virus
  4. ঘ
    Hepatitis C virus
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Transmission through Feco-oral route :
Hepatiris A & E
Polio
Rota
Coxsackie
Echo
Nowwalk virus
১৬১.
Regarding H.pylori, which one is correct?
  1. ক
    ক) Gram positive
  2. খ
    খ) Non motile
  3. গ
    গ) Comma shaped
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Multiple flagella
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: H. pylori is Gram-negative and spiral, and has multiple flagella at one end, which make it motile, allowing it to burrow and live beneath the mucus layer adherent to the epithelial surface.
১৬২.
The vector and definitive host for plasmodia is the
  1. ক
    ক) Human
  2. খ
    খ) Housefly
  3. গ
    গ) Sandfly
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Female Anopheles mosquito
ব্যাখ্যা
The vector and definitive host for plasmodia is the female Anopheles mosquito
১৬৩.
Shape of pneumococcus
  1. ক
    ক) Ring
  2. খ
    খ) Lancet
  3. গ
    গ) Bullet
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Wedge
ব্যাখ্যা
• The presence of numerous neutrophils containing the typical gram-positive, lancet-shaped diplococci supports the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia
১৬৪.
Antigen test usually used for diagnosis of
  1. ক
    ক) HAV
  2. খ
    খ) HBV
  3. গ
    গ) HCV
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) HDV
১৬৫.
What is the x-ray finding of Ancylostomiasis?
  1. ক
    ক) Collapse
  2. খ
    খ) Consolidation
  3. গ
    গ) Cavitation
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Hilar lymphadenopathy
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The passage of the larvae through the lungs in a heavy infection causes a paroxysmal cough with blood-stained sputum, associated with patchy pulmonary consolidation
১৬৬.
Leptospirainterrogans persist indefinitely in
  1. ক
    ক) Mucous membrane
  2. খ
    খ) Bowman’s capsule
  3. গ
    গ) Juxtaglomerular apparatus
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Convoluted tubules of the kidney
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Leptospirainterrogans persist indefinitely in the convoluted tubules of the kidney.
১৬৭.
Lactose fermentation does not occur in
  1. ক
    ক) Escherichia
  2. খ
    খ) Klebsiella
  3. গ
    গ) Enterobacter
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Proteus
১৬৮.
Parasites that are found in sputum are as follows:
  1. ক
    ক) Taenia solium
  2. খ
    খ) larva of ascariasis
  3. গ
    গ) Enterobius vermicularis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Balantidium coli
ব্যাখ্যা
Larva of Ascariasis can be found in sputum
১৬৯.
Disposable syringe is sterilized by -
  1. ক
    Ethylene oxide
  2. খ
    Formaldehyde
  3. গ
    Ultraviolet radiation
  4. ঘ
    Hexachloride
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Disposable syringe is sterilized by -
Ethylene oxide
Ionizing radiation. 
১৭০.
Which organism causes endocarditis following dental procedure?
  1. ক
    ক) S. aureus
  2. খ
    খ) S. epidermidis
  3. গ
    গ) Strep. Pyogenes
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Viridians streptococcus
১৭১.
Bilateral plantar extensor found in -
  1. ক
    Meningitis
  2. খ
    Peripheral neuropathy
  3. গ
    GBS
  4. ঘ
    Poliomyelitis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Bilateral planter extension found in- structural lesions such as hemorrhage, brain and spinal cord tumors, and multiple sclerosis, and in abnormal metabolic states such as hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anesthesia,infection - meningitis,encephalitis.
১৭২.
Temperature for autoclaving
  1. ক
    ক) 99
  2. খ
    খ) 101
  3. গ
    গ) 110
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) 121
১৭৩.
Most important mode of transmission in lepromatous leprosy
  1. ক
    ক) Skin contact
  2. খ
    খ) Nasal secretion
  3. গ
    গ) Fecal-oral
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Blood borne
১৭৪.
Cause of monoarthritis -
  1. ক
    Septic arthritis
  2. খ
    Reactive arthritis
  3. গ
    SLE
  4. ঘ
    Osteoarthritis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation -
Causes of acute monoarthritis :
Septic arthritis 
Gout
Pseudogout
Haemathroses
Trauma
Monoarticular presentation of polyarthritis
১৭৫.
Which of the following is the vector of Plasmodia?
  1. ক
    ক) Culex quinquefasciatus
  2. খ
    খ) Aedes aegypti
  3. গ
    গ) Anopheles
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sand fly
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The vector and definitive host for plasmodia is the female Anopheles mosquito
১৭৬.
Congenital infection is produced by following parasites:
  1. ক
    ক) E. Vermicularis
  2. খ
    খ) B. coli
  3. গ
    গ) Toxoplasma
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) D. latum
ব্যাখ্যা
Toxoplasma is a part of TORCH infection
১৭৭.
Which defective virus causes hepatitis?
  1. ক
    ক) Hepatitis A
  2. খ
    খ) Hepatitis B
  3. গ
    গ) Hepatitis C
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Hepatitis D
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Hepatitis D is a defective virus.
১৭৮.
Spores germinate in reheated rice
  1. ক
    ক) B. anthracis
  2. খ
    খ) B. cereus
  3. গ
    গ) C. botulinum
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) C. tetani
১৭৯.
Which of the following is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease?
  1. ক
    ক) NSAID’s
  2. খ
    খ) H.pylori infection
  3. গ
    গ) Smoking
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Alcohol
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Nearly all peptic ulcers are associated with H. pylori infection, NSAIDs or cigarette smoking. Among them H. pylori infection is most common
১৮০.
Fibre optic instrument is best sterilized by
  1. ক
    ক) 70% ethanol
  2. খ
    খ) γ glutaraldehyde
  3. গ
    গ) Lysol
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Phenol
ব্যাখ্যা
Fibre optic instrument is best sterilized by γ glutaraldehyde
১৮১.
Parasite that causes diarrhoea is:
  1. ক
    ক) N.fowleri
  2. খ
    খ) Acanthamoeba
  3. গ
    গ) Balantidium coli
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Loa loa
ব্যাখ্যা
coli causes diarrhoea
১৮২.
Toxin produced by S.aureus -
  1. ক
    Toxic shock syndrome toxin
  2. খ
    Erythrogenic toxin
  3. গ
    Dermoneurotoxin
  4. ঘ
    Endotoxin
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Toxin production by S.aureus -
Enterotoxin
Toxic shock syndrome toxin
Exfoliatin
Leukocidins
১৮৩.
IV solutions are sterilized by
  1. ক
    ক) Autoclaving
  2. খ
    খ) Chlorhexidine
  3. গ
    গ) Filtration
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Iodophor
১৮৪.
Spores germinate in reheated rice
  1. ক
    ক) B. anthracis
  2. খ
    খ) B. cereus
  3. গ
    গ) C. botulinum
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) C. tetani
১৮৫.
The principal sites of tissue reaction in Ascariasis
  1. ক
    ক) Intestine
  2. খ
    খ) Lung
  3. গ
    গ) Liver
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Brain
ব্যাখ্যা
The principal sites of tissue reaction is the lungs
১৮৬.
Cause of peripheral neuropathy -
  1. ক
    Leprosy
  2. খ
    Cephalosporin
  3. গ
    Osteoarthritis
  4. ঘ
    Stroke
১৮৭.
Bloody diarrhoea is not present in -
  1. ক
    Giardiasis
  2. খ
    Entamoeba histolytica
  3. গ
    Shigellosis
  4. ঘ
    Inflammatory bowel disease
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Causes of bloody diarrhoea -

Hemorrhoids
IBD
Anal fissure
Colorectal cancer
Diverticulitis
Colon polyps
Angiodysplasia
Colititis
Gastroenteritis
Infections ( Entamoeba histolytica, E.coli,Shigella, Camphylobacter) 
Dysentery
Medications
Unsafe water 
Esophageal problems
১৮৮.
Bacterial zoonotic diseases -
  1. ক
    ক) Shigellosis
  2. খ
    খ) Typhoid fever
  3. গ
    গ) Cholera
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Plague
ব্যাখ্যা
Bacterial zoonotic diseases Plague
১৮৯.
Hepatitis B related infection -
  1. ক
    ssRNA
  2. খ
    Flaviviridae
  3. গ
    Parenteral, sexual contact
  4. ঘ
    Frequency of chronic liver disease >80%
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Hepatitis B related infection :
Partially dsDNA
Hepadna virus
Route of transmission  : Parenteral, sexual contact,Perinatal
Frequency of chronic liver disease : 5-10%
১৯০.
Which of the following parasite man acts as both definitive and intermediate host?
  1. ক
    ক) Plasmodium.
  2. খ
    খ) Leishmania.
  3. গ
    গ) W. bancrofti
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) T. Solium
ব্যাখ্যা
Man acts as both definitive and intermediate host in T. solium
১৯১.
Most frequent presentation of extra-pulmonary TB
  1. ক
    ক) Paraneoplastic syndrome
  2. খ
    খ) Vasculitis
  3. গ
    গ) Lymphadenitis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Sacroilitis
ব্যাখ্যা
• Lymphadenitis is the most frequent presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, usually occurring in the cervical region (“scrofula”).
১৯২.
CBC finding of Kala-azar is
  1. ক
    ক) Neutrophiliia
  2. খ
    খ) Eosinophilia
  3. গ
    গ) monocytosis
  4. ঘ
    ঘ) Lymphocytosis
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Pancytopenia is the dominant feature, with granulocytopenia and monocytosis