বিষয়সমূহ

PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন

Voice

মোট প্রশ্ন৩৪৭এই পাতা১০০প্রতি পাতা১০০
ঘনত্ব
উত্তর
উত্তরিতবর্তমানপুনরায় দেখুনঅসম্পূর্ণ

Voice

PrepBank · পাতা / · ২০১৩০০ / ৩৪৭

২০১.
The cake was baked. (Active)
  1. Someone baked the cake.
  2. Someone has baked the cake.
  3. The cake baked.
  4. The cake is baked by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
• অনির্দিষ্ট যে কারো দ্বারা কাজটি সম্পাদিত হলে Subject someone/somebody
বসাতে হবে। 

• প্রথমে subject হিসেবে Someone বসাতে হবে।
- তারপর was বাদ দিতে হবে।
- মূল verb কে past tense এ বসাতে হবে।
- Subject টি Object হবে।

Passive: The cake was baked.
Active: Someone baked the cake.
২০২.
Identify the correct active form of the sentence: "He is believed to have cheated in the exam"
  1. People believed he cheated in the exam.
  2. People are believing he cheated in the exam.
  3. People had believed he cheated in the exam.
  4. People believe he has cheated in the exam.
ব্যাখ্যা

Passive: He is believed to have cheated in the exam.
Active: People believe he has cheated in the exam.

• আমজনতার সাথে Related কাজ হলে Subject হিসেবে People বসাতে হবে।
→ প্রথমে People বসাতে হবে।
→ মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb 'is' বাদ যাবে।
→ মূল Verb এর ঠিক আগের 'be' Verb এর গঠন অনুযায়ী মূল Verb বসবে।
→  Subject টি Object হবে।
→ বাকি অংশ বসবে।

More Example:
Passive Voice: He was called wise.
Active Voice: People called him wise.

২০৩.
Open the book of NTRCA job solution. (Make it passive)
  1. Let the book of NTRCA job solution be openned.
  2. Let the book of NTRCA job solution be opened.
  3. Let the book of NTRCA job solution being opened.
  4. Let the book of NTRCA job solution been opened.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Open the book of NTRCA job solution.
Passive Voice: Let the book of NTRCA job solution be opened.
→ প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত বাক্যটি Imperative Sentence- এ রয়েছে।

• Imperative Sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে, 
• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম: 
→ প্রথমে Let বসে + 
→ Object টি Subject রূপে বসে + 
→ be বসে + 
→ Verb এর past participle বসে। 

More Example:
Active Voice: Lock the door.
Passive Voice: Let the door be locked.
২০৪.
Choose the correct passive voice: They agreed to sign the contract.
  1. They agreed that the contract should be signed.
  2. They were agreed to sign the contract.
  3. The contract was agreed by them to sign.
  4. The contract is agreed to be signed by them.
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - ক) They agreed that the contract should be signed.

- Active: They agreed to sign the contract.
- Passive: They agreed that the contract should be signed.

• Agree/ be anxious/arrange/determine/ be determined/ decide/demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসে।
- that বসে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসে।
- should be বসে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

• More examples:
- Active: She decided to repair the car.
- Passive: She decided that the car should be repaired.

বাকি অপশনগুলোর ব্যাখ্যা:
খ) They were agreed to sign the contract.
- বাক্যটি ভুল, কারণ "agree" সাধারণত এমনভাবে passive হয় না। "They agreed" ঠিক আছে, কিন্তু "They were agreed" নয়।

গ) The contract was agreed by them to sign.
- ভুল গঠন।

ঘ) The contract is agreed to be signed by them.
- মূল বাক্যটি past tense-এ ছিল ("agreed"), এখানে present tense ("is agreed") ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে।

Source:
1. A Passage to the English Language by SM Zakir Hussain.
2. Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.
২০৫.
The door has been locked. [active]
  1. Someone locked the door.
  2. Someone has locked the door.
  3. Someone has been locked the door.
  4. The door has locked.
ব্যাখ্যা
• বাক্যে ক্রিয়ার কর্তা দেয়া না থাকলে passive থেকে active করার সময় একটি সুবিধাজনক কর্তা যেমন-
someone, somebody, people, the authority ইত্যাদি ধরে নিতে হবে।
- Steal এর past participle form - stolen.
- Somebody এর সাথে has ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Passive Voice: My wallet has been stolen.
Active Voice: Someone has stolen my wallet.

Passive: The door has been locked.
Active: Someone has locked the door.
২০৬.
I made him go there. (Make it passive)
  1. He was made to be gone there by me.
  2. He was made going there by me.
  3. He was made go there by me.
  4. He was made to go there by me.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: I made him go there.
Passive Voice: He was made to go there by me.


• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না।
- তারপর by + Object বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২০৭.
What did you cook for dinner today? [change the voice]
  1. What is cooked by you for dinner today?
  2. What was cooked by you for dinner today?
  3. What has been cooked by you for dinner today
  4. What had been cooked by you for dinner today?
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: What was cooked by you for dinner today?
- What যুক্ত Interrogative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ রূপান্তর করতে প্রথমে What বসাতে হয়।

• What যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- What প্রথমে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Subject টির objective form বসে এবং প্রশ্নবোধক (?) চিহ্ন বসে।

Other options:
ক) What is cooked by you for dinner today?
- What যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময় Tense অনুসারে auxiliary verb বসে। যেহেতু active Voice টি Past tense এ র‍য়েছে তাই passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময় auxiliary verb ও past tense এর হবে।

গ) What has been cooked by you for dinner today?
- যেহেতু active Voice টি Past tense এ র‍য়েছে তাই passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময় auxiliary verb ও past tense এর হবে। তাই এখানে auxiliary verb হিসেবে has been এর ব্যবহার সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) What had been cooked by you for dinner today?
- যেহেতু active Voice টি Past Indefinite tense এ র‍য়েছে তাই passive voice এ পরিণত করার সময় auxiliary verb ও past Indefinite tense এর হবে। তাই এখানে auxiliary verb হিসেবে had been এর ব্যবহার সঠিক নয়।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.

২০৮.
Where did you find him? (make it passive)
  1. Where was he found by you?
  2. Where is he found by you?
  3. Where was he being found by you?
  4. Where was he find by you?
ব্যাখ্যা
Where, When, How যুক্ত sentence কে Active voice থেকে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Passive voice এ Where, When, How দিয়ে sentence শুরু হবে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- Active voice এর subject, passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by + Active voice এর subject passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active voice:
Where did you find him?
Passive voice: Where was he found by you?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২০৯.
They searched his house and found a number of stolen articles. (make it passive)
  1. His house were searched and a number of stolen was found by them.
  2. They were searched his house and a number of stolen were found.
  3. His house was searched and a number of stolen articles were found by them.
  4. A number of stolen articles were found by them in his house.
  5. None of the above.
ব্যাখ্যা
ComplexCompound sentence এ উভয়ই Clause এর Voice change করার যোগ্য হলে উভয় Clause এর Voice change করতে হবে:
- Assertive sentence হলে Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এ Subject হিসেবে বসে। 
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসবে।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসবে।
- And এরপরের Clause টি Passive voice করা গেলে সেটিকেও Passive voice করতে হবে।
- Object টি Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে।
- by বসে।
- প্রথম Clause এর Subject টির Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: They searched his house and found a number of stolen articles.
Passive Voice: His house was searched and a number of stolen articles were found by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২১০.
Make it passive: The villagers believed that he was an honest leader. 
  1. He was believed to be an honest leader.
  2. He was believed to have been an honest leader.
  3. He has been believed to be an honest leader.
  4. He was believed he was an honest leader.
ব্যাখ্যা

[50th BCS Preli]

Active: The villagers believed that he was an honest leader.
Passive: He was believed to be an honest leader.

- এই ধরনের complex বাক্যে যেখানে that-clause আছে, সেখানে passive form তৈরির দুটি উপায় আছে। যথা-

- প্রথম উপায় (Personal passive):
- সাধারণত Acknowledge, assume, think, claim, believe, know, report, understand, ইত্যাদি verb যুক্ত Active voice এর Passive করার নিয়ম-
- Personal object টিকে subject ধরা হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb -এর past participle + to be + direct object + by + subject -এর objective form.
- যেমন:
- Active: People thought that the autocrat was corrupt.
- Passive: The autocrat was thought to be corrupt.

- দ্বিতীয় উপায় (Impersonal passive):
- দ্বিতীয় অংশকে 'It' ধরে। যেমন:
- Active: The villagers believed that he was an honest leader.
- Passive: It was believed that he was an honest leader.

- Subject হিসেবে People/villagers ইত্যাদি থাকলে Passive voice -এ সাধারণত তা লেখা হয় না।
- তবে, দ্বিতীয় অংশে transitive verb থাকলে দ্বিতীয় অংশেরও Passive করতে হয়।

২১১.
We elected him secretary. (Passive)
  1. He was elected by us as a secretary.
  2. He was elected secretary by us.
  3. Secretary was elected he by us.
  4. He was made the secretary by us.
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - খ) He was elected secretary by us.

• Active থেকে Passive করার ক্ষেত্রে,
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- active voice এর subject টি object হিসেবে বসে।

- Transitive verb-এর complement active ও passive উভয় voice-এ complement রূপে থেকে যায়; subject হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে না। যেমন:
- Active: We elected him secretary
- Passive : He was elected secretary by us.

Source: A Passage To The English Language. S. M. Zakir Hussain.
২১২.
She will open the door. (passive)
  1. The door is opened by her.
  2. The door will be opened by her.
  3. The door was opened by her.
  4. The door has been opened by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - খ) The door will be opened by her.

• Tense: Future Indefinite (will + base verb).
- Passive Voice Structure (Future Indefinite এর জন্য):
- Object + will be + past participle (V3) + by + subject.
- Active Sentence: She will open the door.
- Passive sentence: The door will be opened by her.

Other options:
ক) The door is opened by her. - Present Simple (Passive).
খ) The door was opened by her. - Past Simple (Passive).
ঘ) The door has been opened by her. -  Present Perfect (Passive).
- প্রশ্নে ভবিষ্যৎ কালের কথা উল্লেখ আছে, এখানে অন্যান্য অপশনে Present, Past form এ দেওয়া আছে।
- তাই বাকি অপশনগুলো সঠিক নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২১৩.
Will the teacher be guiding the students? (passive)
  1. Will the students be being guided by the teacher?
  2. Will the students guided by the teacher?
  3. Will the students being guided by the teacher?
  4. Will be being guided the students by the teacher?
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - ক) Will the students be being guided by the teacher? 

• Interrogative এর ক্ষেত্রে :
Active: Shall/will + S + be + V(ing) + O?
যেমন: Will the teacher be guiding the students?
Passive: Shall/will + S + be being + V (p.p.) + by + O?
যেমন: Will the students be being guided by the teacher? 

Example:
Active: Will Rubel be teaching his brother?
Passive: Will his brother be being taught by Rubel?

Other options:
খ) Will the students guided by the teacher?
- ভুল গঠন।

গ) Will the students being guided by the teacher?
- ভুল গঠন।

ঘ) Will be being guided the students by the teacher?
- বাক্যটি অপ্রাসঙ্গিক।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
২১৪.
Change the voice: Buy him a car.
  1. Let a car been bought for him.
  2. Let a car be bought by him.
  3. Let a car be bought for him.
  4. Let a car being bought to him.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Imperative Sentence- এ Active Voice কে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- passive voice- এ প্রথমে Let দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু হবে।
- active voice- এর object = a car, passive voice- এ Let- এর পর বসবে।
- অতিরিক্ত একটি be verb হিসেবে be বসবে।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle 'bought' বসবে।
- 'bought'- এর পর Preposition হিসেবে for বসবে।
- 'for' এর পর active voice- এর ব্যক্তিবাচক object = him, passive voice- এ অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় বসবে ।

Active Voice: Buy him a car.
Passive Voice: Let a car be bought for him.
২১৫.
My wallet has been stolen. (Make it active)
  1. Someone stolen my wallet.
  2. Someone has stolen my wallet.
  3. Someone have stolen my wallet.
  4. Someone has been stolen my wallet.
ব্যাখ্যা

• বাক্যে ক্রিয়ার কর্তা দেয়া না থাকলে passive থেকে active করার সময় একটি সুবিধাজনক কর্তা যেমন-
someone, somebody, people, the authority ইত্যাদি ধরে নিতে হবে।
- Steal এর past participle form - stolen.
- Somebody এর সাথে has ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Passive Voice: My wallet has been stolen.
Active Voice: Someone has stolen my wallet.

২১৬.
Let me open the window. (make it passive)
  1. Let the window be opened by me.
  2. Let the window being opened by me.
  3. The window is opened by me.
  4. Let the window been opened by me.
ব্যাখ্যা
Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে। 
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

- Active Voice: Let me open the window.
- Passive Voice: Let the window be opened by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২১৭.
Do not beat the dog (make it passive)
  1. Let the dog being beaten.
  2. Let not the dog beaten.
  3. Let be not the dog beaten.
  4. Let not the dog be beaten.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: Let not the dog be beaten.
- Verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময় প্রথমে Let not বসাতে হয়।

• Imperative sentence এর Voice change এর নিয়ম:
- Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে শুধু মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence এর Active voice থেকে passive এ রূপান্তরিত করতে
- প্রথমে Let not বসবে।
- Active voice এর object টির subject রূপে বসবে।
- তারপর be বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।
- Structure: Let not + object টির subject হয়+ be + মূল verb এর past participle.

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২১৮.
The given sentence is in active/passive voice. Change the voice of the sentence. Select the correct option from the sentence.
A letter was sent to the manager.
  1. Someone sent a letter to the manager.
  2. Someone was sent a letter to the manager.
  3. A manager was being sent to a letter by someone.
  4. The manager was being sent to a letter
  5. None of these
ব্যাখ্যা
• প্রশ্নে উল্লিখিত Voice টি Passive Voice এ আছে।

• বাক্যে ক্রিয়ার কর্তা উহ্য থাকলে Passive Voice থেকে Active Voice করার সময় একটি কর্তা যেমন:  Someone, Somebody, People, The authority ইত্যাদি ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- Send এর past এবং past participle form হলো - Sent.
- উল্লিখিত sentence টিতে was sent আছে, তাহলে আমাদের বুঝতে হবে sentence টিতে Passive voice টি Past Indefinite Tense এ রয়েছে।
- তাহলে Active Voice এ Someone/ Somebody এরপর সরাসরি verb এর Past form বসে। 

Active Voice: Someone sent a letter to the manager.
Passive Voice: A letter was sent to the manager.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২১৯.
The boys were playing football. (make it passive)
  1. Football were being played by the boys.
  2. Football were being played to the boys.
  3. Football was being played by the boys.
  4. Football was being played for the boys.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Past continuous tense এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Structure: Object এর subject + Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being + মূল verb এর past participle form + by + Subject এর object.

• Active voice: The boys were playing football.
• Passive voice: Football was being played by the boys.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২২০.
Passive form of the sentence- "His performance surprised me."
  1. I was surprised by his performance.
  2. I had been surprised with his performance.
  3. I was surprised for his performance.
  4. I was surprised at his performance.
ব্যাখ্যা

• প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি past indefinite tense এ আছে।
- Past indefinite যুক্ত বাক্যকে passive করার নিয়ম - 
- Active এর object প্রথমে
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb
- মূল verb এর past participle form
- by
- Active এর subject + extension.

• সাধারণত Passive voice এর verb এর past participle এর পর by বসলেও  active voice এ surprise verb হিসাবে থাকলে এবং verb টির পর বস্তু বুঝালে at বসে; ব্যক্তি বুঝালে with বসে।

Active:  His performance surprised me.
Passive: I was surprised at his performance.

২২১.
Change the voice: Do not hate the poor.
  1. Let the poor not hated.
  2. Let not hate the poor.
  3. Let not the poor be hated.
  4. Let not the poor hated.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে
- be বসে
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: Do not hate the poor.
Passive: Let not the poor be hated.

Source: Advanced Learners Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২২২.
Do not interrupt the speaker. [passive]
  1. Let not the speaker have been interrupted.
  2. Let not the speaker being interrupted.
  3. Let not the speaker to be interrupted.
  4. Let not the speaker be interrupted.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive Voice করতে হলে – 
i) বাক্যের শুরুতে Let বসে। 
ii) Active Voice এ Do not থাকলে Passive Voice এ শুধু not বসে।
iii) Active Voice এর Object – Subject এর স্থানে বসে।
iv) be বসে।
v) মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

• Active: Do not close the door.
• Passive: Let not the door be closed.

Active: Do not interrupt the speaker.
Passive: Let not the speaker be interrupted.

অন্য অপশনগুলো ভুল:

ক) Let not the speaker have been interrupted. → ভুল। এটা Perfect Passive (have been interrupted) ব্যবহার করেছে, যা এখানে প্রযোজ্য নয়।

খ) Let not the speaker being interrupted. → ভুল। “being interrupted” হলো Gerund/Continuous form, কিন্তু Let-এর পরে এটা বসে না।

গ) Let not the speaker to be interrupted. → ভুল। Let-এর পরে to বসে না (Let + object + bare infinitive).

২২৩.
Change The voice: Why did the teacher punish you?
  1. Why was the teacher punished by you?
  2. Why were you punished by the teacher?
  3. Why did you punish by the teacher?
  4. Why were the teacher punished by you?
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - খ) Why were you punished by the teacher?

• Interrogative Sentence Active Voice Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Interrogative বাক্য 'Wh word Interrogative দিয়ে শুরু হয়, তাহলে সহজেই সরাসরি Passive-এ পরির্বতন করা যায়।
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে+ (ii) Tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে + (iii) Object টি Subject হয় + (iv) অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/ being/been বসাতে হয় + ( v) মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে+ (vi) প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।

Active: Why did the teacher punish you? 
Passive: Why were you punished by the teacher?

Active: Who taught you English? 
Passive: By whom were you taught English?

Active: Whom did you call? 
Passive: Who was called by you?

Active: What do you want? 
Passive: What is wanted by you?

Active: Which book do you want? 
Passive: Which book is wanted by you?

Source: A Passage To The English Language. S. M. Zakir Hussain.
২২৪.
The teacher will be explaining the lesson. (passive)
  1. The lesson will be being explained by the teacher.
  2. The lesson will be explained by the teacher.
  3. The lesson will been explained by the teacher.
  4. The lesson would be explained by the teacher.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Future continuous Tense যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম -
- object টি subject রূপে বসে। 
- shall be being/ will be being বসে। 
- মুল verb এর past participle form বসে। 
- এরপর by বসে। 
- সবশেষে subject এর objective form বসে।

Active: The host will be welcoming the guests.
Passive: The guests will be being welcomed by the host.

Active: The teacher will be explaining the lesson.
Passive: The lesson will be being explained by the teacher.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২২৫.
The workers demanded to increase their salaries. (make it passive)
  1. The workers demand their salaries should be increased.
  2. The workers are demanded that their salaries should be increased.
  3. The workers demanded that their salaries are being increased.
  4. The workers demanded that their salaries should be increased.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত sentence কে Active Voice কে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত Active Voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Active Voice: The workers demanded to increase their salaries.
Passive Voice: The workers demanded that their salaries should be increased.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২২৬.
Choose the passive form of the sentence "I saw him playing football".
  1. Football was played and seen by him.
  2. He was seen playing football by me.
  3. Football was being played and seen by him
  4. Football was seen played by me and him.
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct passive voice is: He was seen playing football by me.

Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- 'Subject + verb (see/watch/find) + object + ving (Present Participle)'
- এ ধরনের বাক্যের Passive voice গঠনের নিয়ম হচ্ছে - subject, verb ও object এর স্বাভাবিক নিয়মে passive হবে।
- কিন্তু Present Participle - এর কোন change হবে না, অর্থাৎ, Present Participle থেকে বাকি অংশ অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে ।

- Active voice এর object টিকে  passive voice এর subject এ পরিণত করতে হবে।
- Subject এবং Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসাতে হবে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle form করতে হবে।
- preposition (by/with/at/to/in) বসাতে হবে।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।

Other Options:
ক) Football was played and seen by him.
- এখানে ব্যক্তিবাচক object এর পরিবর্তে ভুলভাবে বস্তুবাচক object কে Subject এ পরিণত করা হয়েছে।

গ) Football was being played and seen by him.
- এখানে ব্যক্তিবাচক object এর পরিবর্তে ভুলভাবে বস্তুবাচক object কে Subject এ পরিণত করা হয়েছে।

ঘ) Football was seen played by me and him.
- ব্যক্তিবাচক object এর পরিবর্তে ভুলভাবে বস্তুবাচক object কে Subject এ পরিণত করা হয়েছে।

Source: A Passage To The English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২২৭.
Who has organized the meeting? [passive]
  1. By whom is the meeting been organized?
  2. By whom has the meeting been organized?
  3. By whom has the meeting being organized?
  4. By whom has the meeting to be organized?
ব্যাখ্যা

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়।
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয়।
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,

Active Voice: Who has answered the question?
Passive Voice: By whom has the question been answered?

Active: Who has organized the meeting?
Passive: By whom has the meeting been organized?

২২৮.
She blamed herself. (Change the voice)
  1. She herself was blamed by her.
  2. She was blamed herself.
  3. She was blamed by herself.
  4. Herself was blamed by her.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Reflexive object যুক্ত  Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
• Reflexive object গুলো হচ্ছে - himself, myself, themself, ourself etc.

• Structure:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় Passive voice এর Subject হিসাবে প্রথমে বসে + tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে + মূল verb এর past participle form বসে + by বসে +  Reflexive object টি বসে।

• Active: He killed himself.
• Passive: He was killed by himself.

Active: She blamed herself.
Passive: She was blamed by herself.
২২৯.
My teacher embodies all the good qualities. (make it passive)
  1. All the good qualities are embodied by my teacher.
  2. All the good qualities are embodied with my teacher.
  3. All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.
  4. All the good qualities are embodied to my teacher.
ব্যাখ্যা

[27 BCS Preli]

• Present Indefinite Tense এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:

- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject এ হয়।
- am/ is/ are + মূল verb এর past participle ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- Passive voice এ contain, embody, include, subsume ইত্যাদি verb এর passive form এ in বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে। 

• Active Voice: My teacher embodies all the good qualities.
• Passive Voice: All the good qualities are embodied in my teacher.

২৩০.
Who has answered the question? (Passive)
  1. By whom has the question be answered?
  2. By whom has the question been answered?
  3. By whom has the question being answered?
  4. By whom has the question has been answered?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে।
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়। 
- Object টি Subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে  be/being/been বসাতে হয়। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে। 

• সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
Active Voice: Who has answered the question?
Passive Voice: By whom has the question been answered?

Example:
Active Voice: Who will clean the room?
Passive Voice: By whom will the room be cleaned?

Active Voice: Who teaches the children?
Passive Voice: By whom are the children taught?

Active Voice: Who is preparing the dinner?
Passive Voice: By whom is the dinner being prepared?
২৩১.
The decision was made without any discussion. (Make it active)
  1. Without any discussion the decision was made.
  2. The authority made the decision without any discussion.
  3. It was the decision that made without any discussion.
  4. The authority had made the decision without discussion.
ব্যাখ্যা
Passive: The decision was made without any discussion.
Active: The authority made the decision without any discussion.

• Passive voice কে Active voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম: 
- Passive voice এর object‌ টি  Active Voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর base form হয়,
- Passive voice এর subject টি Active voice এর object হয়,
- তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to, in) উঠে যায়।

• কিন্তু,  Sentence-এ ক্রিয়ার কর্তা দেয়া না থাকলে Passive থেকে Active করার সময় একটি সুবিধাজনক কর্তা ধরে নিতে হয়।
- যেমন: someone, somebody, people, We, Some people, the authority ইত্যাদি 

নিয়মানুযায়ী, 
Passive: The puzzle was solved after hours of concentration. 
Active:
- Some people climbed the mountain after days of preparation.
- Somebody climbed the mountain after days of preparation.
- We climbed the mountain after days of preparation.
২৩২.
The principal is going to conduct the meeting. (Make it passive)
  1. The meeting is going to be conducted by the principal.
  2. The meeting is going to conducted by the principal.
  3. The meeting was going to be conducted by the principal.
  4. The meeting is being going to be conducted by the principal.
ব্যাখ্যা

• be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: The principal is going to conduct the meeting.
• Passive Voice: The meeting is going to be conducted by the principal.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৩৩.
They are praising themselves. (make it passive)
  1. They are praised by themselves.
  2. They are being praised by themselves.
  3. They were being praised by themselves.
  4. They were praised by themselves.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active: They are praising themselves.
Passive: They are being praised by themselves.
- এটি একটি Reflexive object যুক্ত বাক্য। Reflexive object গুলো হচ্ছে - Myself, Yourself, Himself, Herself, Itself, Oneself, Ourselves, Yourselves, Themselves etc.

• Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় Passive voice এর Subject হিসাবে প্রথমে বসে,
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে,
- Present Continuous Tense-এর ক্ষেত্রে "am/is/are+ being+ V3" ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- by বসে+ Reflexive object টি বসে।

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

২৩৪.
One should take care of one's health. [passive]
  1. One's health should taken care of.
  2. Health should be being taken care of.
  3. Health should be taken care of.
  4. Health should taken care of.
ব্যাখ্যা
• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে,
- should be বসে,
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Active Voice: One should take care of one's health.
Passive Voice: Health should be taken care of.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৩৫.
Never forget your roots. (Change the voice)
  1. Never your roots be forgotten by you.
  2. Let never your roots be forgotten.
  3. Let never your roots forgotten.
  4. Never lets your roots be forgotten.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,

• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে -
- Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ করার নিয়ম:
- Let + never + object + be + past participle.

Active: Never break a promise.
Passive: Let never a promise be broken.

Active: Never forget your roots.
Passive: Let never your roots be forgotten.
২৩৬.
The passive form of He pleases us.-
  1. We were pleased with him. 
  2. We will be pleased by him.
  3. We are pleased with him.
  4. We are pleased at him.
ব্যাখ্যা

• 'He pleases us' বাক্যটির সঠিক passive form: We are pleased with him.

• Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:

- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয় + Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + মূল verb এর past participle + Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to,in) বসে।

• ব্যক্তির ক্ষেত্রে with বসে আর ব্যক্তির কাজ বা বস্তুর উপরে সন্তুষ্টি বোঝাতে at বসে।
- যেহেতু প্রশ্নে ব্যক্তির উপর সন্তুষ্টি বোঝানো হয়েছে তাই pleased with বসবে।

২৩৭.
His pen has been stolen. (Active)
  1. His pen was stolen by him.
  2. They stole his pen.
  3. A thief has been stolen his pen.
  4. Someone has stolen his pen.
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - ঘ) Someone has stolen his pen.

Passive থেকে Active voice-এ রূপান্তর:
- Passive-এর object (যদি থাকে) Active-এর subject হয়।
- Passive-এর subject Active-এর object হয়।
- Verb-এর tense ঠিক রেখে Active form ব্যবহার করতে হবে। 

কোনো Passive Voice এ যদি object উহ্য থাকে (যা Active Voice-এ subject হওয়া উচিত), তবে Passive Voice-এর অর্থ অনুযায়ী যথোপযুক্ত subject বসাতে হয়।

Examples:
1. Passive: His pen has been stolen.
Active: Someone has stolen his pen.

2. Passive: He was murdered at day light.
Active: Someone murdered him at day light.

3. Passive: English is spoken all over the world.
Active: People speak English all over the world.

4. Passive: I had been invited to the party.
Active: My friend invited me to the party.

Other options
ক) His pen was stolen by him.
- এটি passive voice, tense ভুল (past simple)। 
খ) They stole his pen.
- Tense ভুল (past simple)। 
গ) A thief has been stolen his pen.
Grammar ভুল, has been stolen + subject → ঠিক নয়।

Source: Advance Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৩৮.
He should follow the rules. (make it passive)
  1. The rules should be follow by him.
  2. The rules should been followed by him.
  3. The rules should being followed by him.
  4. The rules should be followed by him.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: He should follow the rules.
Passive voice: The rules should be followed by him.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৩৯.
Pluck me some roses. (make it passive)
  1. Let some roses be plucked by me.
  2. Let some roses be plucked for me.
  3. Let some roses be plucked to me.
  4. Let some roses be plucked at me.
ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
 - Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Pluck me some roses.
• Passive voice: Let some roses be plucked for me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪০.
Do you know them? (passive)
  1. They be known by you?
  2. Are they known to you?
  3. Are they known with you?
  4. Do you know to them?
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: Do you know them?
Passive form: Are they known to you?

• Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb,
- মূল verb এর past participle,
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to ,in) বসে।
- আর known এর পর preposition to ব্যবহৃত হয়।

২৪১.
By whom can our country be saved? (make it passive)
  1. Who will save our country?
  2. Who save our country?
  3. Who can save our country?
  4. Our country has been saved by who?
ব্যাখ্যা

→ (44th BCS Preli)

• Passive Voice এ By whom থাকলে Active Voice করতে হলে:
- Subject হিসেবে Who বসে।
- কোনো Modal Auxiliary থাকলে তা who এর পরে বসবে। (এখানে, can বসেছে)
- 'be' বাদ যাবে।
- বাদ যাওয়া 'be verb' যে form এ ছিল, মূল Verb- ঐ form এ বসবে।
- এখানে be verb – Base Form এ ছিল, তাই মূল verb ও base form এ বসবে। 
- Passive Voice এর Subject - Object হয়ে বসবে। 

• Active Voice: By whom can our country be saved?
• Passive Voice: Who can save our country?

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain.

২৪২.
Pluck me a orchid. (Make it passive)
  1. Let a orchid be plucked by me.
  2. Let a orchid be plucked for me.
  3. Let a orchid be plucked with me.
  4. Let a orchid be plucked to me.
ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
 - Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Pluck me a orchid.
• Passive voice: Let a orchid be plucked for me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৩.
Who has broken the glasses? (Passive)
  1. By whom have the glasses been broken?
  2. Whom have broken the glasses by?
  3. By whom has the glasses broken?
  4. Who have been broken the glasses?
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - ক) By whom have the glasses been broken? 

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence Active Voice Passive Voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে+ (ii) Tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary বসে + (iii) Object টি Subject হয় + (iv) অনেক সময় tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/ being/been বসাতে হয় + ( v) মূল verb এর Past Participle বসে+ (vi) প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
- Active: Who has broken the glasses?
- Passive: By whom have the glasses been broken?

• More example:
- Active: Who is calling me?
- Passive: By whom am I being called?

Other options:
খ) Whom have broken the glasses by? – ভুল ক্রম; passive sentence-এ “by whom” সর্বদা বাক্যের শুরুতে আসে।
গ) By whom has the glasses broken? – ভুল, কারণ subject-verb agreement ঠিক নয় (“glasses” plural → “have” ব্যবহার করতে হবে)।
ঘ) Who have been broken the glasses? – ভুল, কারণ “who” ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে এবং passive structure ঠিক নয়।

Source: Advance Learner’s English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৪.
What is the active voice of 'The cake was baked by my mother'?
  1. My mother baked the cake.
  2. My mother bakes the cake.
  3. My mother has baked the cake.
  4. My mother have baked the cake.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: My mother baked the cake.

• Passive Voice  থেকে Active Voice এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়মাবলি:
- Passive Voice এর Object-কে Subject এ রূপান্তর করতে হবে,
- Auxiliary verb ও 'by' বাদ দিতে হবে। Passive Voice এ ব্যবহৃত 'be' verb (is, am, are, was, were) এবং 'by' শব্দটি বাদ দিতে হবে।
- Verb-এর রূপ পরিবর্তন : Verb-এর Past Participle form-এর পরিবর্তে, Tense ও Subject অনুযায়ী মূল verb-এর সঠিক রূপ (Simple Present/Past/Future etc.) ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- Passive Voice এর Subject-কে object এ রূপান্তর করতে হবে।
- মূল বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense (সাধারণ অতীতকাল) এ আছে, কারণ এখানে was এবং baked (V3) ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে।
- তাই Passive Voice  থেকে Active Voice এ পরিবর্তনের "was baked" অংশটি পরিবর্তন হয়ে মূল Verb "bake"-এর Past form বা (V2) রূপ "baked হয়ে যাবে"।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৫.
Do not play football at noon. (Change into passive)
  1. Let not football played at noon.
  2. Let never football be played at noon.
  3. Let not football be played at noon.
  4. Let no football be played at noon.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: Do not play football at noon.
Passive voice: Let not football be played at noon.

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

Other options:
ক) Let not football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে "be+ মূল Verb"-এর "Past Participle" বসে।

খ) Let never football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে "Let not" বসে।

ঘ) Let no football be played at noon.
- ভুল,কারণ "Do not" দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার ক্ষেত্রে প্রথমে Let not বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৬.
'Open the door in the living room. Change the voice.
  1. Let be opened the door in the living room.
  2. Let the door in the living room should be opened.
  3. Let the door in the living room be opened.
  4. The door in the living room might be opened.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Imperative Sentence এর ক্ষেত্রে, 
শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম: 
i) প্রথমে Let বসে + 
ii) Object টি Subject রূপে বসে + 
iii) be বসে + 
iv) Verb এর past participle বসে। 

Active: Open the door in the living room.
Passive: Let the door in the living room be opened.

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition.
২৪৭.
The news shocked him. (make it passive)
  1. He was shocked by the news.
  2. He was shocked to the news.
  3. He is shocked to hear the news.
  4. He was shocked at the news.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Past indefinite tense এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Subject অনুযায়ী was/ were বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর subject কে object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: The news shocked him.
• Passive voice: He was shocked at the news.

Source: Live MCQ Lecture.

২৪৮.
One should take care of one's health. (make it passive)
  1. One's health have been taken care of by one.
  2. Health should be taken care of.
  3. Someone should be taken care of.
  4. You are requested to taken care of.
ব্যাখ্যা

• One + should যুক্ত sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- One's বাদ দিয়ে one's এর সাথের Object টি subject হিসেবে Passive voice- এ বসে।
- Should এর জন্য Should be বসে।
- verb এর past participle বসে।

• Active voice
: One should take care of one's health.
• Passive voice: Health should be taken care of.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৪৯.
One should follow the rules of the road. (make it passive)
  1. The rules of the road should have followed.
  2. The rules of the road should followed by one.
  3. The rules of the road should be followed.
  4. The rules of the road should be being followed.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: One should follow the rules of the road.
Passive Voice: The rules of the road should be followed.

• One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার নিয়ম:
1. প্রথমে object টি Subject রূপে বসে, অর্থাৎ, Active voice-এর object-কে passive voice-এর subject হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়।
2. Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়।
3. should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Other options:
ক) The rules of the road should have followed.
- ভুল কারণ, One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার ক্ষেত্রে should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

খ) The rules of the road should followed by one.
- ভুল কারণ, One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এর "One" উঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়। আর should এর পর be হবে।

ঘ) The rules of the road should be being followed.
- ভুল কারণ, One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে passive করার ক্ষেত্রে should be + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৫০.
It is impossible to do this. - Change the voice.
  1. This can't be done.
  2. This is must be done.
  3. This is impossible to be done.
  4. Doing this is impossible.
ব্যাখ্যা
• এই কাঠামো যুক্ত passive voice-এর ক্ষেত্রে সাধারণ নিয়ম ব্যবহার করা হয় না। 
- এগুলো একটু ব্যতিক্রম নিয়মে passive voice করতে হয়।

• এটা ভাবার্থের বিচারে Passive Voice করতে হবে। 
- This is impossible to be done. সঠিক মনে হলেও সঠিক নয়। 
- কারণ নিয়মানুযায়ী Adjective (Impossible) এর পর Passive Form এ কখনো infinitive to বসে না।
- তাই This is impossible to be done - উত্তর হবে না।

- তাই সঠিক উত্তর হবে - This can't be done.
২৫১.
Passive Voice of 'They held a meeting very early'.
  1. A meeting is held by them very early.
  2. A meeting will be held by them very early.
  3. A meeting was hold by them very early.
  4. A meeting was held by them very early.
ব্যাখ্যা
• They held a meeting very early. - এই বাক্যকে passive করতে হলে নিচের structure follow করতে হবে:

- subject কে object করতে হবে,
- was/were বসবে,
- verb এর past participle বসবে, 
- by বসবে,
- Object কে subject + extension.

সে অনুসারে এর সঠিক passive form হবে - A meeting was held by them very early.
২৫২.
The doctor suggested reducing sugar intake. (passive)
  1. The doctor suggested that sugar intaked should be reduced.
  2. The doctor suggested sugar intake should be reduced.
  3. The doctor suggested that sugar intake should reduced.
  4. The doctor suggested that sugar intake should be reduced.
ব্যাখ্যা
• advice/ insist/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসে, 
- gerund এর পরের object টি বসে, 
- should be বসে, 
- প্রদত্ত gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে তার past participle হয়।

Active: Roman suggested giving up smoking. 
Passive: Roman suggested that smoking should be given up.

Active: The doctor suggested reducing sugar intake.
Passive: The doctor suggested that sugar intake should be reduced.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৫৩.
Which is the correct active form of the sentence "His laptop has been stolen from the library"?
  1. Someone steals his laptop from the library.
  2. Someone stole his laptop from the library.
  3. Someone has stolen his laptop from the library.
  4. Someone had stolen his laptop from the library.
ব্যাখ্যা
• বাক্যে ক্রিয়ার কর্তা উহ্য থাকলে passive থেকে active করার সময় একটি কর্তা যেমন: Someone, Somebody, People, The authority ইত্যাদি ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
- Steal এর Past Participle Form- stolen.
- Someone/ Somebody এর সাথে has বসে।

Active Voice: His laptop has been stolen from the library.
Passive Voice: Someone has stolen his laptop from the library.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৫৪.
Identify the correct sentence:
  1. By whom was the vase on the shelf broken?
  2. By who was the vase on the shelf been broken?
  3. By whom the vase was on the shelf broken?
  4. By who the vase on the shelf been broken?
ব্যাখ্যা
• সঠিক উত্তর টি হবে - By whom was the vase on the shelf broken?
- বাক্যটি Passive voice এ আছে এবং By whom যোগে গঠিত হয়েছে।
 
• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom হবে।
- Tense অনুসারে Verb এর পরিবর্তন হবে।
- প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি past indefinite tense এ রয়েছে।
• Structure: By whom + tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb + obj + be + verb এর পর past particle + extension.
২৫৫.
They named their daughter Putul. (make it passive)
  1. Their daughter were named Putul by them.
  2. Their daughter was name Putul by them.
  3. Their daughter was named Putul by them.
  4. Their daughter were name Putul by them.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active: They named their daughter Putul.
Passive: Their daughter was named Putul by them.

• Factitive object, Select, elect, nominate, make, call, name ইত্যাদি transitive verb গুলোর object থাকা সত্ত্বেও সম্পূর্ণরূপে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। পরিপূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ করার জন্য অতিরিক্ত object আনতে হয়। এইরূপ অতিরিক্ত object কে Factitive object বলে।

• Factitive object/complementary object যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত Pronominal object-টি(me, us, you, them, him, her) / নামবাচক object টি Subject হয়,
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে,
- মূল verb এর past participle বসে,
- Factitive object টি বসে,
- by বসে,
- Subject টির objective form বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৫৬.
Do not disturb the teacher. [passive]
  1. Let not the teacher be disturbed.
  2. Let the teacher be disturbed.
  3. Let not the teacher to be disturbed.
  4. Let not the teacher being disturbed.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Do not দিয়ে শুরু যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive Voice করতে হলে – 
i) বাক্যের শুরুতে Let বসে। 
ii) Active Voice এ Do not থাকলে Passive Voice এ শুধু not বসে।
iii) Active Voice এর Object – Subject এর স্থানে বসে।
iv) be বসে।
v) মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Active: Do not disturb the teacher.
Passive: Let not the teacher be disturbed.

২৫৭.
Change the voice: Do not underestimate your abilities.
  1. Let your abilities not been underestimated.
  2. Let not your abilities being underestimated.
  3. Let not your abilities underestimated.
  4. Let not your abilities be underestimated.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Do not দিয়ে শুরু Imperative Sentence এর Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let not বসে,
- Object টি subject রূপে বসে,
- be বসে,
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle বসে।

সুতরাং, নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active Voice: Do not underestimate your abilities.
Passive Voice: Let not your abilities be underestimated.
২৫৮.
Who inspired you to pursue a photography career? (Make it passive)
  1. Whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  2. By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  3. By whom you inspired to pursue a photography career? 
  4. Who was inspired by you to pursue a photography career? 
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Who inspired you to pursue a photography career?
Passive Voice: By whom were you inspired to pursue a photography career? 

- Active Voice-টি Past Indefinite Tense- এ আছে। এবং এটি Interrogative Sentence.

Who-যুক্ত Sentence-কে Interrogative করার নিয়ম:
- Who-এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমে By whom বসে +
- Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে +
- Objectটি Subject হয় +
- অনেক সময় Tense অনুযায়ী, কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয় + 
- মূল Verb-এর Past Participle হয় +
- প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
২৫৯.
'Had you taken lunch?' - Which is the correct passive form of this sentence?
  1. Had lunch taken by you?
  2. Had lunch been taken by you?
  3. Had lunch taken you?
  4. Had lunch been taken to you?
ব্যাখ্যা

Auxiliary verb যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence কে Passive Voice করতে গেলে দুই ধাপে করতে হয়
- প্রথমে বাক্যেটিকে Assertive sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করতে হবে। 
- এরপর Passive voice এর Assertive Sentence টি কে Interrogative Sentence এ পরিণত করতে হয়।
- যেমন: Had you taken lunch?  এর Assertive হচ্ছে You had taken lunch.

Assertive Sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুসারে Auxiliary verb বসে।
- Verb এর Past Participle from বসবে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর subject কে object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। 
- Active voice এর Subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসবে। 
 
Active Voice: Had you taken lunch?
Passive Voice: Had lunch been taken by you?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬০.
Let her sing a song. (make it passive)
  1. Let a song be sing by her.
  2. Let a song been sung by her.
  3. Let a song be sung by her.
  4. Let a song being sung by her.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে। 
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: Let her sing a song.
• Passive Voice: Let a song be sung by her.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬১.
He had completed the work. (Passive)
  1. The work had completed by him.
  2. The work had been complete by him.
  3. The work had been completing by him.
  4. The work had been completed by him.
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - ঘ) The work had been completed by him.

Past Perfect Tense-এর Active থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম
Active Voice-এর Object কে Passive Voice-এ Subject হিসেবে বসে।
এর পরে had been বসবে।
তারপর মূল verb-এর Past Participle হবে।
এরপর by বসে।
সবশেষে Active Voice-এর Subject কে Objective form-এ বসাতে হবে।

Structure (Passive Voice):
Object (Subjective form) + had been + Past Participle of Main Verb + by + Subject (Objective form)

Examples:
Active: I had written the letter.
Passive: The letter had been written by me.

Active: We had dug the canal.
Passive: The canal had been dug by us.

Other options

ক) The work had completed by him.
এখানে had completed passive ভুল ফর্ম; “been” প্রয়োজন। 

খ) The work had been complete by him.
এখানে complete adjective আকারে আছে; past participle (completed) প্রয়োজন। 

গ) The work had been completing by him.
এখানে completing continuous form, যা passive এ ব্যবহার হয় না।

২৬২.
Do you know them? (passive)
  1. Would they be known by you?
  2. They know you?
  3. Are they known to you?
  4. Are they known with you?
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb,
- মূল verb এর past participle,
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to ,in) বসে।
- আর known এর পর preposition to ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Correct Passive form: Are they known to you?
২৬৩.
The students arranged to postpone the exam. (Make it passive)
  1. The students arrange that the exam should be postponed.
  2. The students were arranged that the exam should be postponed.
  3. The students arranged that the exam should be postponed.
  4. The students arranged that the exam is postponed.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ requested/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত sentence কে Active Voice কে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত Active Voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর Past Participle বসে।

• Active Voice: The students arranged to postpone the exam.
• Passive Voice: The students arranged that the exam should be postponed.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৪.
Choose the correct passive sentence of: Mr. Rimon teaches us English.
  1. We are taught English by Mr. Rimon.
  2. English was taught us by Mr. Rimon.
  3. Mr. Rimon is taught English by us.
  4. English taught us by Mr. Rimon.
ব্যাখ্যা
The correct answer is - ক) We are taught English by Mr. Rimon.

• Active থেকে passive voice এর ক্ষেত্রে,
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মূল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- active voice এর subject টি object হিসেবে বসে।
- কোনো sentence এ দুটি object-এর মধ্যে যে কোন object-কে subject করা যায়।
- কিন্তু indirect object বা person object- কে subject করাই অধিক যথাযথ।
- এক্ষেত্রে অন্য যে object-টি Object হিসাবে থেকে যায়, তাকে বলে Retained Object.

• Example:
- Active: Mr. Das teaches us English.
- Passive: We are taught English by Mr. Das.
- Passive: English is taught us by Mr. Das.

- Active: They handed him a leaflet.
- Passive: He was handed a leaflet by them.
- Passive: A leaflet was handed him by them.

Other options
খ) English was taught us by Mr. Rimon.
 প্রদত্ত sentence present tense, কিন্তু এখানে past tense “was taught” দেওয়া হয়েছে, তাই বাক্যটি ভুল।

গ) Mr. Rimon is taught English by us.
এখানে বাক্যটি এটা অর্থ পরিবর্তন করে ফেলেছে।
এখানে Mr. Rimon কে শেখানো হচ্ছে, যা ভুল। মূল বাক্যে তিনি শেখাচ্ছেন, না শেখানো হচ্ছে।

ঘ) English taught us by Mr. Rimon. 
এটি অসম্পূর্ণ এবং ভুল গঠন।
“English taught us” বাক্যে “is/was” এর মতো helping verb দরকার। 

Source: Applied English Grammar and Composition by P. C. DAS.
২৬৫.
Who wrote this book? (Make it passive)
  1. By whom had been the book written.
  2. By whom had the book written?
  3. By whom was the book written?
  4. Whom was the book written?
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: By whom was the book written?
- 'Who' যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Voice change এর ক্ষেত্রে 'Who' এর পরিবর্তে By Whom বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হয়।

Interrogative Sentence এর Voice Change এর নিয়ম:
- Who - এর পরিবর্তে প্রথমেই By whom বসবে।
- তারপর Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসবে।
- তারপর active voice- এর object টি passive voice এর subject হবে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।
- Sentence টি interrogative sentence- এ-ই থাকবে, তাই শেষে interrogative চিহ্ন '?' বসবে।

Other options:
ক) By whom had been the book written.
- Active voice টি simple past tense এ হওয়ায় passive করার সময় Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb "was" বসবে। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

খ) By whom had the book written?
- Active voice টি simple past tense এ হওয়ায় passive করার সময় Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb "was" বসবে। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) Whom was the book written?
- Who' যুক্ত interrogative sentence এর Voice change এর ক্ষেত্রে 'Who' এর পরিবর্তে By Whom বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হয়। 

Source: Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৬.
I saw him running in the park. (make it Passive)
  1. He could be seen running in the park by me.
  2. He is seen running in the park by me.
  3. He was seen running in the park by me.
  4. He had seen running in the park by me.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: He was seen running in the park by me.

• Subject +Verb+ Object + Present participle যুক্ত Active Voice-কে passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তনের নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত বাক্যটির Active থেকে Passive করার নিয়ম,
- Active voice Object টির Passive voice এর subject form হবে।
- তারপর Tense ও person অনুসারে auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- Present participle যুক্ত অংশটি বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এ subject এর Passive voice এর object form বসে।
- Structure: Objectটি Subject হয় + Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb বসে। + মূল verb-এর past participle বসে + present participle যুক্ত অংশটি বসে + by বসে + Subjectটির objective form বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৬৭.
Identify the passive form of the following sentence: Let him repair the computer.
  1. Let the computer to be repaired by him.
  2. Let the computer be repaired by him.
  3. Let the computer been repaired by him.
  4. Let the computer repaired by him.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Let him repair the computer.
Passive: Let the computer be repaired by him.

• Let যুক্ত Imperative sentence এর Active voice কে passive voice এ পরিণত করার নিয়ম:
- প্রথমে Let বসে।
- Object টির subject রূপে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টির Object রূপে বসে।

• Structure: Let + Object টির subject বসে + be বসে + মূল verb এর past participle form বসে + by + subject টির Object রূপে বসে।

অন্য অপশনগুলো ভুল:

ক) Let the computer to be repaired by him.
 → এখানে to be বসানো হয়েছে, যা ভুল। সঠিক গঠনে to বসবে না।

গ) Let the computer been repaired by him.
→ “been” ভুল ব্যবহার, এখানে “be” লাগবে।

ঘ) Let the computer repaired by him.
→ এখানে “be” নেই, তাই অসম্পূর্ণ।

Source: Advancer Learner's HSC Communicative English by Chowdhury & Hussain.

২৬৮.
He used to play football every day. (Make it passive)
  1. Football used to be played every day by him.
  2. Football was used to be played every day by him.
  3. Football is used to be played every day by him.
  4. Football was being used to be played every day by him.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must, ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: He used to play football every day.
Passive voice: Football used to be played every day by him.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৬৯.
They are going to build a new bridge. (Make it passive)
  1. A new bridge is going to been built by them.
  2. A new bridge is going to being built by them.
  3. A new bridge is going to be built by them.
  4. A new bridge has going to be built by them.
ব্যাখ্যা

be going to দিয়ে Active Voice থাকলে তা Passive Voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- going to এর কোন পরিবর্তন হয় না।
- going to এরপর be বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: They are going to build a new bridge.
• Passive Voice: A new bridge is going to be built by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭০.
Change the voice: Nobody trusts a traitor.
  1. A traitor is trusted.
  2. A traitor should not be trusted.
  3. Everybody hates a traitor.
  4. A traitor is not trusted by anybody.
ব্যাখ্যা
→ [43 BCS Preliminaly]

Active Voice: Nobody trusts a traitor.
Passive Voice: A traitor is not trusted by anybody.

• Active থেকে Passive করতে হলে,
- Active Voice এর Subject – Passive Voice- এ Object হয়।
- Active Voice এর Object – Passive Voice এ- Subject হয়।
- অতিরিক্ত be verb বসে এবং মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- Object এর আগে by বসে।

• এই হিসেবে "Nobody trusts a traitor." এর Passive Voice
- A traitor is not trusted by anybody.
-  Nobody = not anybody.
- আবার, No one/None = not anyone.

More Example:
Active Voice: No one believes a deceiver.
Passive Voice: A deceiver is not believed by anyone.
২৭১.
When I saw him, he told me the truth. (make it passive)
  1. When he was seen by me, I was told the truth by him. 
  2. When he saw me, the truth was told to him by me.
  3. When he was seeing me, the truth was telling by him.
  4. When I was seen by him, the truth was telling me by him.
  5. None of these
ব্যাখ্যা
Complex Compound sentence এ উভয়ই clause এর voice change করার যোগ্য হলে উভয় clause এর voice change করতে হবে:
-  Assertive sentence হলে Active Voice এর Object টি Passive Voice এ Subject হিসেবে বসে। 
- Auxiliary verb বসবে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।
- ২য় clause টি Passive করা গেলে সেটিকেও Passive Voice করতে হবে।
- object টি subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle বসবে।
- by বসে।
- Subject এর Object form বসে।

Active Voice: When I saw him, he told me the truth.
Passive Voice: When he was seen by me, I was told the truth by him. 

Source: Live MCQ English Wizard.
২৭২.
Why does he waste time? (Make it passive)
  1. Why is time wasted by he?
  2. Why is time wasted by him?
  3. Why has time been wasted by him?
  4. Why is time being wasted by him?
ব্যাখ্যা
Active Voice: Why does he waste time?
Passive Voice: Why is time wasted by him?

• কোনো বাক্য যখন WH word যেমন: Who, Which, Whom, Where, When, Why, Whose, Whom, and How দিয়ে শুরু হয় তখন passive voice  WH-word দিয়ে শুরু হয়ে থাকে।

• WH word যুক্ত sentence Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
→ Active voice এর Wh word টি প্রথমে বসে।
→ Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসাতে হয়। 
→ Object টি Subject হয়।
→ Tense অনুযায়ী কর্তার পরে be/being/been বসাতে হয়। 
→ মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
→ সবার শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন বসে।
২৭৩.
Passive form of the sentence- "His performance surprised me."
  1. I was surprised by his performance.
  2. I had been surprised with his performance.
  3. I was surprised for his performance.
  4. I was surprised at his performance.
ব্যাখ্যা

• প্রশ্ন প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি past indefinite tense এ আছে।
- Past indefinite যুক্ত বাক্যকে passive করার নিয়ম - 
- Active এর object প্রথমে
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb
- মূল verb এর past participle form
- by
- Active এর subject + extension.

• সাধারণত Passive voice এর verb এর past participle এর পর by বসলেও  active voice এ surprise verb হিসাবে থাকলে এবং verbটির পর বস্তু বুঝালে at বসে; ব্যক্তি বুঝালে with বসে।

Active:  His performance surprised me.
Passive: I was surprised at his performance.

২৭৪.
He decided to give up smoking. (Change the voice)
  1. He decided smoking should be given up.
  2. He decided that smoking would be given up.
  3. He decided that smoking should be given up.
  4. He decided that smoking would be given up by him.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: He decided to give up smoking.
Passive Voice: He decided that smoking should be given up.

• Decide/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decided/ demand ইত্যাদি + infinitive (to) + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম হচ্ছে - 
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসে,
- এরপর that বসে,
- infinitive (to) এর পরের object বসে,
- এরপর should be বসে,
- infinitive (to) এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

Other options:
ক) He decided smoking should be given up.
- ভুল কারণ, decided + infinitive (to) + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার ক্ষেত্রে প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসে এবং এরপর that বসে।

খ) He decided that smoking would be given up.
- ভুল কারণ, এখানে "should" এর পরিবর্তে "would" ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে।

ঘ) He decided that smoking would be given up by him.
- ভুল কারণ, এখানে "should" এর পরিবর্তে "would" ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে এবং নিয়মানুসারে এখানে "by him" অংশটি অপ্রয়োজনীয়।

Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭৫.
The manager determined to implement the new policy. (make it passive)
  1. The manager determined that the new policy should being implemented.
  2. The manager determined that the new policy should been implemented.
  3. The manager determined that the new policy is implemented.
  4. The manager determined that the new policy should be implemented.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত sentence কে Active Voice কে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত Active Voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর Past Participle বসে।

• Active Voice: The manager determined to implement the new policy.
• Passive Voice: The manager determined that the new policy should be implemented.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭৬.
Who has taken my pen? [Passive]
  1. By whom has my pen be taken?
  2. By whom has my pen been taken?
  3. By whom has my pen being taken?
  4. By whom has my pen to be taken?
ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Who has taken my pen?
Passive: By whom has my pen been taken?

• Who যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এর রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Who এর পরিবর্তে By whom দিয়ে বাক্য শুরু হবে।
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- অনেক সময় be/ being/ been বসাতে হয়।
- মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Question mark (?) হয়।

• Active voice: Who has broken the glasses?
• Passive voice: By whom have the glasses been broken?

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭৭.
Write the letter.(change the voice)
  1. Let the letter written.
  2. Let the letter be written.
  3. Let the letter be write.
  4. Let not the letter be written.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: Write the letter.
Passive voice: Let the letter be written.
- মূল Verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence-এর active voice-কে passive voice-এ পরিবর্তন করার ক্ষেত্রে "Passive voice-এর বাক্যটি "Let" দিয়ে শুরু হবে।

• মূল Verb দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া Imperative sentence-এর active voice-কে passive voice-এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়মাবলী হলো:
- Passive voice-এর বাক্যটি "Let" দিয়ে শুরু হবে।
- Active voice-এর object টি passive voice-এ subject হিসেবে বসবে।
- "be" বসবে।
- মূল verb-এর past participle form বসবে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে active voice-এর verb-এর পর passive voice-এ "by" ছাড়া অন্য preposition (যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি) বসতে পারে।
- Active voice-এর subject টি passive voice-এ object হিসেবে বসবে।
 
 Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭৮.
Change the voice: The doctor suggested giving up bad habits.
  1. The doctor suggested to give up bad habits.
  2. The doctor suggested that bad habits should be given up.
  3. The doctor suggested giving up bad habits.
  4. The doctor suggested bad habits should be given up.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: The doctor suggested that bad habits should be given up.

• Advice/ insist/ propose/ recommend/suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- তারপর that বসে,
- gerund এর পরের object টি বসে,
- "should be" বসে,
- প্রদত্ত gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে তার past participle হয়।

Other options:
ক) The doctor suggested to give up bad habits.
- ভুল, কারণ "suggest + gerund + object" যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার সময় active voice এর subject ও verb এর পর should be+ verb এর Past participle বসে।

গ) The doctor suggested giving up bad habits.
- প্রদত্ত বাক্যটি Active voice এ রয়েছে। তাই এটি সঠিক "Passive form" নয়।

ঘ) The doctor suggested bad habits should be given up.
- ভুল, কারণ "suggest + gerund + object" যুক্ত active voice কে passive করার সময় active voice এর subject ও verb এর পর that বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৭৯.
We were painting the house.(change the voice)
  1. The house was being paint by us.
  2. The house was been painted by us.
  3. The house was being painted by us.
  4. We were being painted the house.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: The house was being painted by us.
- Past continuous tense হওয়ায় was being+মূল verb এর past participle form বসিয়ে Voice change করতে হবে।

Past continuous tense এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।
- Structure: Object এর subject + Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being + মূল verb
 এর past participle form + by + Subject এর object.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮০.
Change the voice - Never forget your promises.
  1. Let never your promises be forgotten.
  2. Let not your promises be forgotten.
  3. Dont forget your promises.
  4. Let be never your promise forgotten.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Never যুক্ত Imperative Sentence কে Passive করার structure: 
- প্রথমে Let Never বসে
- Object টি Subject রূপে বসে
- be বসে 
- মূল verb এর  Past participle হয়।

তাই নিয়মানুযায়ী,
Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let never a lie be told. 

Active: Never forget your promises.
Passive: Let never your promises be forgotten.
২৮১.
His pen has been stolen. (active)
  1. His pen was stolen by him.
  2. Someone has stolen his pen.
  3. He has stolen his pen.
  4. They have stolen his pen by someone.
ব্যাখ্যা

The correct answer is - খ) Someone has stolen his pen.
​- এটি active voice.
- এখানে "someone" হলো কর্তা, "has stolen" হলো active form-এ ক্রিয়া, এবং "his pen" হলো ক্রিয়ার object।
- এটি মূল বাক্যের অর্থ অক্ষুণ্ণ রাখে।

Passive voice কে active voice এ রূপান্তর করার ক্ষেত্রে,
​কোন passive voice এ যদি object উহ্য থাকে (যে object এর subject হওয়া বাঞ্চনীয়) সে ক্ষেত্রে passive voice টির অর্থ অনুযায়ী যথোপযুক্ত subject বসাতে হয়। 

​Passive: His pen has been stolen. 
​Active: Someone has stolen his pen. 

​Passive: He was murdered at day light.
​Active: Someone murdered him at day light. 

​Passive: English is spoken all over the world. 
​Active: People speak English all over the world. 

​Passive: I had been invited to the party. 
​Active: My friend invited me to the party. 

​Passive: The ship was burnt. 
​Active: Fire burnt the ship.

Other options
ক) His pen was stolen by him
- এটি এখনো passive voice-এ আছে ("was stolen" হলো passive form)
- "by him" মূল বাক্যের অর্থের সাথে সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ নয়, কারণ এটি বোঝায় যে সে নিজেই তার কলম চুরি করেছে।

গ) He has stolen his pen
- এটি active voice-এ ঠিক আছে, কিন্তু অর্থগতভাবে ভুল, কারণ এটি বোঝায় যে সে নিজের কলম নিজে চুরি করেছে, যা মূল বাক্যের উদ্দেশ্য নয়।

ঘ) They have stolen his pen by someone
-  ব্যাকরণগতভাবে ভুল।
- "By someone" passive voice-এ ব্যবহৃত হয়, এবং "they" এবং "by someone" একসাথে ব্যবহার অর্থহীন।

​​Source: Advance learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury And Hossain.

২৮২.
Change the voice- 'The parcel contains important materials.'
  1. Important materials are contained by the parcel.
  2. Important materials is contained by the parcel.
  3. Important materials are contained in the parcel.
  4. None
ব্যাখ্যা

অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর subject- কে object করার সময় by ছাড়া (অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি) Passive voice এ রুপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, in, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি বসে। 
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Active voice: The parcel contains important materials.
Passive voice: Important materials are contained in the parcel..

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮৩.
When was Rihana born? [Active]
  1. By when was Rihana was born from her mother?
  2. By when was Rihana born?
  3. When did Rihana's mother bear her?
  4. When was Rihana being born?
ব্যাখ্যা

• Passive Voice এ যদি by + Object না থাকে এবং verb টি যদি পেশা বা নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর সাথে Related কাজ হয় তাহলে ঐ পেশাজীবী বা ঐ নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর নাম Subject হিসেবে বসাতে হবে।
যেমন:
Passive: He was born in 1960.
Active: His mother bore him in 1960.

Passive: Water was irrigated.
Active: Farmers irrigated water.

• তেমনি ভাবে, When was Rihana born? - এই বাক্যে - by + Object নেই, তাই নিয়মানুসারে একটি subject আনতে হবে।
- সঠিক উত্তর হবে - When did Rihana's mother bear her?

২৮৪.
You ought to follow the instructions. (make it passive)
  1. The instructions ought to be followed by you.
  2. The instructions ought be followed by you.
  3. The instructions are ought to be followed by you.
  4. The instructions have ought to be followed by you.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active Voice: You ought to follow the instructions.
• Passive voice: The instructions ought to be followed by you.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮৫.
One should follow the rules. (make it passive)
  1. The rules should followed by one.
  2. The rules should be followed.
  3. The rules should be following.
  4. The rules are be followed.
ব্যাখ্যা
One + should যুক্ত Sentence কে Passive করার নিয়ম-
- Active Voice এর Object টি Passive Voice এ Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- should be বসে।
- Verb এর Past Participle বসে।

Active Voice
: One should follow the rules.
Passive Voice: The rules should be followed.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৮৬.
They were building a house. (Change the voice)
  1. A house were being built by them.
  2. A house was being build by them.
  3. A house was built by them.
  4. A house was being built by them.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Past continuous tense এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

Structure: Object এর subject + Subject অনুযায়ী was being/ were being + মূল verb এর past participle form + by + Subject এর object.

• Active voice: They were building a house.
• Passive voice: A house was being built by them.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮৭.
He will submit the report. (make it passive)
  1. The report will be submitted by him.
  2. The report will be submited by him.
  3. The report will been submitted by him.
  4. The report will being submitted by him.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Active voice এ Modal Auxiliary Verb থাকলে তা Passive voice করার নিয়ম:

- Modal Auxiliary verb গুলো হলো: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Shall, Should, Ought to, Used to, Must, ইত্যাদি।
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Active voice এর Modal verb টি বসে।
- be বসে।
- প্রদত্ত মুল verb এর past participle বসে।
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ Object হিসেবে বসে।

Active Voice: He will submit the report.
Passive Voice: The report will be submitted by him.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৮৮.
Give me the book. (make it passive)
  1. Let the book be given by me.
  2. Let the book be given at me.
  3. Let the book be given to me.
  4. Let the book be given for me.
ব্যাখ্যা

• শুধুমাত্র মূল verb দিয়ে শুরু করা Imparetive sentence এর Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
 - Let দিয়ে Passive voice এর বাক্যটি শুরু হবে।
- Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এ subject হিসেবে বসে।
- be বসে।
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।
- অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর Verb এরপর Passive voice এ by ছাড়া অন্য preparation বসে। যেমন: to, at, on, with, for ইত্যাদি।
- given  এর সাথে passive voice এ by না হয়ে to বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে।

• Active voice: Give me the book.
• Passive voice: Let the book be given to me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৮৯.
Choose the passive form of Visitors found him playing football.
  1. Visitors were found playing football by him. 
  2.  He was found playing football by visitors. 
  3. Visitors found that football was played by him.
  4. He was playing football that was seen by visitors.
ব্যাখ্যা

সঠিক উত্তর: খ) He was found playing football by visitors.

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।

Active: Visitors found him playing football.
Passive: He was found playing football by visitors.

অন্য অপশনগুলোর সমস্যা:

ক) "Visitors were found playing football by him" - এখানে subject ও object ভুলভাবে পরিবর্তিত হয়েছে।

গ) "Visitors found that football was played by him" - ভুল, sentence-এর অর্থ ও structure পরিবর্তিত হয়েছে।

ঘ) "He was playing football that was seen by visitors" - ভুল, meaning পরিবর্তিত হয়েছে।

২৯০.
The committee agreed to implement the new policy. (Passive)
  1. The committee agreed that the new policy should be implemented.
  2. The committee agreed that the new policy has to be implemented.
  3. The committee agreed that the new policy to be implemented.
  4. The committee agreed that the new policy has been implemented.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive + object যুক্ত Active voice কে passive করার নিয়ম:

- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের Object (direct object) বসবে।
- should be বসবে।
- infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসবে।

Active: Proma decided to sell the house.
Passive: Proma decided that the house should be sold.

Active: They agreed to sign the contract.
Passive: They agreed that the contract should be signed.

Active: The committee agreed to implement the new policy.
Passive: The committee agreed that the new policy should be implemented.

Source: Advanced Learner's by Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৯১.
I watched him play football. (Make it passive)
  1. He was watched playing football by me.
  2. He was watched to playing football by me.
  3. He was watch play football by me.
  4. He was watched to play football by me.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice কে Passive Voice রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর Object টি Passive voice এর Subject হিসেবে বসে।
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary Verb বসে।
- মূল verb এর Past participle form বসে।
- Make, See, Feel, Let, Know, heed, Bid, Dare, Watch ইত্যাদি Verb থাকলে Active Voice এ to উহ্য থাকে।
- কিন্তু Passive করার সময় তাদের পর to বসে এবং ২য় verb টির Present form বসে।
- তবে, Let Verb টির পরে Active ও Passive Voice এ To বসে না। 
- by বসে।
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এ object হিসেবে বসে। 

• Active Voice: I watched him play football.
• Passive Voice: He was watched to play football by me.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৯২.
They demanded to cancel the match. (Make it passive)
  1. They demanded that the match should cancelled.
  2. They demanded that the match should be cancelled.
  3. They demanded that the match should been cancelled.
  4. They demanded that the match should being cancelled.
ব্যাখ্যা

• Agree/ be anxious/ arrange/ determine/ be determined/ decide/ demand + infinitive object যুক্ত sentence কে active voice কে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject ও verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

• Active voice: They demanded to cancel the match. 
• Passive voice: They demanded that the match should be cancelled.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৯৩.
You must do the job (make it passive).
  1. The job must be done by you.
  2. You must be done the job.
  3. The job must been done by you.
  4. The job may be done by you.
ব্যাখ্যা

Active Voice: You must do the job
Passive Voice: The job must be done by you.

• May, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice পরিবর্তন করার সময় এদের পরে be বসে এবং তার পরেই মূল Verb টির Past Participle বসে।
- Structure: Object টির Subject form + may/might-+ be + মূল verb এর Past Participle+ by + subject টির objective form.

Other options:
খ) You must be done the job.
 - Voice change এর ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর object টিকে passive voice এর Subject এ পরিণত করতে হয়। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

গ) The job must been done by you.
- must যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice পরিবর্তন করার সময় এদের পরে 'be' বসে এবং তার পরেই মূল Verb টির Past Participle বসে। এখানে 'been' যুক্ত করা হয়েছে যা সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) The job may be done by you. 
- must যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice পরিবর্তন করার সময় এদের পরে 'be' বসে এবং তার পরেই মূল Verb টির Past Participle বসে।এখানে must এর পরিবর্তে may ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে যা সঠিক নয়।


Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৯৪.
He arranged to see the football match. (make it passive)
  1. He arranged that the football match to be seen.
  2. He arranged that the football match should be seen.
  3. He arranged that the football match is being seen.
  4. He arranges that the football match has to be seen.
ব্যাখ্যা
• Agree / be anxious / arrange / determine / be determined / decide / demand + infinitive object যুক্ত Sentence কে Active voice কে Passive voice করার নিয়ম: 
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject ও Verb বসবে।
- that বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের Object বসবে।
- should be বসে।
- Infinitive এর পরের verb এর past participle বসে।

Active
: He arranged to see the football match.
Passive: He arranged that the football match should be seen.

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.
২৯৫.
Make it passive: Will they finish the project on time?
  1. Will the project been finished on time by them?
  2. Will the project to be finished on time by them?
  3. Will the project finished on time by them?
  4. Will the project be finished on time by them?
ব্যাখ্যা

Active: Will they finish the project on time?
Passive: Will the project be finished on time by them?

• Active voice থেকে passive voice করার নিয়ম:
- Active voice এর object টি passive voice এর subject হয়।
- Tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।
- তারপর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
- Active voice এর subject টি passive voice এর object হয়।
- তার পূর্বে preposition (by, with, at, to, in) বসে।

অন্য অপশনগুলো ভুল কারণ:

ক) Will the project been finished on time by them?
– “been” এর আগে “be” থাকা উচিত।

খ) Will the project to be finished on time by them?
 – “to” ব্যবহার করা ভুল।

গ) Will the project finished on time by them?
– “be” বাদ গেছে, তাই grammatically ভুল।

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৯৬.
They punished themselves(make it passive)
  1. They were punished by themselves.
  2. They were punished themselves.
  3. They themselves were punished by them.
  4. Themselves were punished by them.
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: They were punished by themselves.
- Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় Passive voice এর Subject হিসাবে প্রথমে বসে।

• Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার নিয়ম:
- Reflexive object গুলো হচ্ছে- himself, myself, themself, ourself etc.
- প্রদত্ত Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত অবস্থায় Passive voice এর Subject হিসাবে প্রথমে বসে
- tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে
- মূল verb এর past participle form বসে
- by বসে + Reflexive object টি বসে।

Other Options:
খ) They were punished themselves.
- Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় by বসে + Reflexive object টি বসে। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

গ) They themselves were punished by them.
-  Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় by এর পরে Reflexive object টি বসে। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

ঘ) Themselves were punished by them.
- Reflexive object যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রূপান্তর করার সময় Reflexive object টি সর্বশেষে বসে। তাই এটি সঠিক নয়।

Source: A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.

২৯৭.
Make it passive: Do you know them?
  1. Are they known with you?
  2. Are they known to you?
  3. They be known by you?
  4. Do you know to them?
ব্যাখ্যা

Active voice: Do you know them?
Passive form: Are they known to you?

• Active voice কে Passive voice- এ রূপান্তরের নিয়ম:
- Active Voice এর object‌ টি Passive voice এর subject হয়,
- Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb,
- মূল verb এর past participle,
- Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হয় এবং তার পূর্বে Preposition (By, with, at, to ,in) বসে।
- আর known এর পর preposition to ব্যবহৃত হয়।

২৯৮.
The chef cooked a delicious meal. (Change into passive voice)
  1. A delicious meal is cooked by the chef. 
  2. A delicious meal was cooked by the chef. 
  3. A delicious meal was being cooked by the chef.
  4. A delicious meal is being cooked by the chef. 
ব্যাখ্যা

Correct answer: A delicious meal was cooked by the chef.
- Active Voice টি Past Indefinite Tense হওয়ায় "was" + মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।   

• Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice এ রূপান্তর:
- Active Voice এর object, Passive Voice এর Verb এর Subject হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- Active Voice এর Subject, Passive Voice এর Verb এর Object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
- Tense এবং mood অনুযায়ী be verb বসে। 
- মূল Verb এর Past Participle বসে।
- Object এর পূর্বে by (to/ with/at/in) Preposition বসে।

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition By Chowdhury & Hossain.

২৯৯.
Please do not enter the room. (Make it passive)
  1. You are requested to enter the room.
  2. Entering the room is not allowed.
  3. You are requested not to enter the room.
  4. You are not allowed to enter the room.
ব্যাখ্যা

'Please' যুক্ত Imperative sentence কে Active Voice থেকে Passive Voice করার নিয়ম:
Please/ kindly এর পরিবর্তে Passive Voice- এ 'You are requested to' বসে।
- Negative sentence এ to এর পূর্বে not বসে।
- Principal verb থেকে বাকি অংশ বসে।
- Active voice টি Present Tense এ রয়েছে তাই Passive Voice এ 'Present Tense' হয়েছে।

• Active voice: Please do not enter the room.
• Passive voice: You are requested not to enter the room.

Source: Applied English Grammar and Composition by P. C. Das.

৩০০.
Identify the passive form of the following sentence:
He made her finish the project on time.
  1. He was made to finish the project on time by her.
  2. She had made to finish the project on time by him.
  3. She was made finish the project on time by him.
  4. She was made to finish the project on time by him.
ব্যাখ্যা
Active: He made her finish the project on time.
Passive: She was made to finish the project on time by him.

• Need, bid, dare, make, hear, feel, let, know, behold, watch ইত্যাদি verb গুলোর পর Active voice এর to উহ্য থাকে। 
- তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পর 'to' বসে। 

• নিয়মানুযায়ী,
- Object -কে Subject করতে হবে।
-  Tense ও subject অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb (was) বসে।
- তারপর মূল Verb -এর Past Participle বসবে।
- তারপর Active voice -এ  উহ্য থাকা to বসবে।
- তারপর বাকি অংশ বসবে।
- শেষে by + Active voice -এর Subject টি Object হবে।

Active: He made me do the work.
- এখানে Active voice এ 'made' থাকায় passive করার সময় 'to' বসবে। 
Passive: I was made to do the work by him. 
 
Source: Advanced Learner's English Grammar & Composition.