১০১.
Example of type III hypersensitivity-
PrepBank · বিষয়ভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন
স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য)
স্পেশাল বিসিএস (স্বাস্থ্য)
PrepBank · পাতা ২ / ৪৩ · ১০১–২০০ / ৪,২৮৫
১০২.
Post ganglionic neurotransmitter of sympathetic division
১০৩.
Spontaneous respiration is ceased by transection at
ব্যাখ্যা
Ganong 26 : 645-646
১০৪.
In type-2 DM
১০৫.
Which of the following is not causing Hypokalaemia with hypertension
১০৬.
Cytoskeleton filaments excludes:
১০৭.
Which is not a part of ABG
ব্যাখ্যা
An arterial blood gas (ABG) is a test that measures the oxygen tension (PaO2), carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), acidity (pH), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3) concentration in arterial blood. Some blood gas analyzers also measure the methemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and hemoglobin levels.
১০৮.
What is the most specific initial symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage?
ব্যাখ্যা
A sudden, severe “thunderclap” headache is the hallmark symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
১০৯.
Which is functions of microvilli-
ব্যাখ্যা
Microvilli is concerned with absorption.
১১০.
Which biomarker rises earliest after myocardial injury?
ব্যাখ্যা
Myoglobin rises within 1–3 hours but is less specific. Troponin is gold standard but peaks later
১১১.
Which is not a tributary of the azygos vein?
ব্যাখ্যা
Tributaries of azygos vein:
1. Right superior intercostal vein (formed by union of the 2nd, 3rd 4th posterior intercostal veins)
2. 5th-11th right posterior intercostal veins
3. Hemiazygos vein (at the level of lower border of T 8
4. Accessory hemiazygos vein (at the level of upper border of T 8
5. Right bronchial vein
6. Several oesophageal mediastinal, pericardial veins
7. Formative tributaries: Right subcostal & right ascending lumbar vein
1. Right superior intercostal vein (formed by union of the 2nd, 3rd 4th posterior intercostal veins)
2. 5th-11th right posterior intercostal veins
3. Hemiazygos vein (at the level of lower border of T 8
4. Accessory hemiazygos vein (at the level of upper border of T 8
5. Right bronchial vein
6. Several oesophageal mediastinal, pericardial veins
7. Formative tributaries: Right subcostal & right ascending lumbar vein
১১২.
Sjogren syndrome as chronic inflammatory condition is associated with following neoplasm -
১১৩.
Tinea capitis occurs in
১১৪.
In Ankle reflex lost Nerve root involve is
১১৫.
Which one is the most common cause of arrythmia?
ব্যাখ্যা
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia
১১৬.
Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolytic type of pancreatic secration?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd Fig. 21.9
১১৭.
Most common extra pulmonary site of TB
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-590
১১৮.
Gap junctions abundant in
ব্যাখ্যা
Gap junctions abundant in Muscular tissue
১১৯.
Which one of the following is the Initial test for hepatitis C virus infection?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd, Box-22.5
১২০.
In the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs during-
ব্যাখ্যা
১২১.
Dominant cellular player in chronic inflammation is
ব্যাখ্যা
Dominant cellular player in chronic inflammation is macrophage
১২২.
Drug causing Pseudoporphyria
ব্যাখ্যা
Drugs- NSAIDs, retinoids, tetracyclines, furosemide
১২৩.
The ureteric bud gives rise to all of the followings, except-
ব্যাখ্যা
*** Collecting part of the kidney (From collecting tubules up to urethra) develops from the ureteric bud (i.e. mesonephric duct)
*** Secretory part of kidney (Nephron) develops from metanephros.
Derivatives of mesonephric duct:
a. Ureteric bud: It gives rise to collecting part of the kidney-
• Collecting tubule & collecting duct
• Minor calyx
• Major calyx
• Renal pelvis
• Ureter
b. Trigone of urinary bladder
c. Male genital ducts:
• Prostate & part of prostatic urethra
• Seminal vesicle
• Epididymis
• Vas deferens
• Ejaculatory duct
*** Secretory part of kidney (Nephron) develops from metanephros.
Derivatives of mesonephric duct:
a. Ureteric bud: It gives rise to collecting part of the kidney-
• Collecting tubule & collecting duct
• Minor calyx
• Major calyx
• Renal pelvis
• Ureter
b. Trigone of urinary bladder
c. Male genital ducts:
• Prostate & part of prostatic urethra
• Seminal vesicle
• Epididymis
• Vas deferens
• Ejaculatory duct
১২৪.
The most dangerous of the malarias
১২৫.
Which nucleus of hypothalamus controls circadian rhythm?
১২৬.
What is the earliest change in ECG in AMI?
ব্যাখ্যা
The standard 12-lead ECG is central to confirming the diagnosis. The initial ECG may be normal or non-diagnostic in one-third of cases. Repeated ECGs are important, especially where the diagnosis is uncertain or the patient has recurrent or persistent symptoms. The earliest ECG change is usually ST-segment deviation.
১২৭.
Which of the following clinical findings is a guide to the cause of secondary hypertension specifically indicating coarctation of the aorta?
ব্যাখ্যা
Coarctation of aorta: radio-femoral delay
Abdominal bruits are associated with renal artery stenosis, enlarged kidneys with polycystic kidney disease, and characteristic facies & habitus with Cushing's syndrome.
১২৮.
Which is a branch of the basilar artery?
১২৯.
Which one is a prominent feature of nephrotic syndrome?
১৩০.
Metabolic syndrome excludes -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
WHO criteria for metabolic syndrome -
Diabetes malitus
Blood pressure >140 /90
Dyslipidemia
Central obesity
Microalbuminuria
WHO criteria for metabolic syndrome -
Diabetes malitus
Blood pressure >140 /90
Dyslipidemia
Central obesity
Microalbuminuria
১৩১.
The optimum BP for reduction of cardiovascular events has been found to be
১৩২.
Indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) (indirect Coombs test) is positive in
১৩৩.
When spermatogenesis begins?
১৩৪.
Lysosomes contain -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanations:
Hydrolytic enzymes are highly concentrated in lysosomes. Ordinarily, the membrane surrounding the Lysosome prevents the enclosed hydrolytic enzymes from coming into contact with other substances in the cell and therefore prevents their digestive actions.
Hydrolytic enzymes are highly concentrated in lysosomes. Ordinarily, the membrane surrounding the Lysosome prevents the enclosed hydrolytic enzymes from coming into contact with other substances in the cell and therefore prevents their digestive actions.
১৩৫.
Type of necrosis in abscess-
ব্যাখ্যা
[Robbins 9th 43]
১৩৬.
Initial symptom of High altitude pulmonary oedema is-
ব্যাখ্যা
Davidson Page 257
১৩৭.
False statement about osteoarthritis -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Osteoarthritis is an insidious disease
Patient age over 50 year
Characterizes by deep, achy pain that worsens with use, morning stiffness, crepitus and limitation of range of movement.
Osteoarthritis is an insidious disease
Patient age over 50 year
Characterizes by deep, achy pain that worsens with use, morning stiffness, crepitus and limitation of range of movement.
১৩৮.
Insulin secretion is increased in
১৩৯.
Which of the following bacteria is the most common cause of septic arthritis in young, sexually active adults?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the most common cause of septic arthritis in young adults, particularly women. Davidson explains that gonococcal arthritis typically presents with migratory polyarthritis and tenosynovitis. Harrison adds that early recognition and treatment with antibiotics are crucial to prevent joint destruction.
১৪০.
A 60-year-old man presents with neck pain, stiffness, and tingling in both hands. MRI reveals osteophytes compressing the spinal cord. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
ব্যাখ্যা
Cervical spondylosis (degenerative osteoarthritis) causes osteophytes and spinal cord compression (myelopathy). RA affects synovial joints (not osteophytes), and ankylosing spondylitis causes bamboo spine.
১৪১.
The cochlear duct in the inner ear has receptors for-
১৪২.
Gas exchange unit of lung
ব্যাখ্যা
Davidson 24th
১৪৩.
Which is the most dependent part of the abdominal cavity above the pelvic brim in supine position?
১৪৪.
ESR is increased disproportionately to CRP in -
ব্যাখ্যা
ESR is increased disproportionately to CRP in Bacterial endocarditis
১৪৫.
Which of the following This region is concerned with setting posture at the start of a planned movement
ব্যাখ্যা
PREMOTOR CORTEX
The premotor cortex is located anterior to the precentral gyrus, on the lateral and medial cortical surface; it contains a somatotopic map.
This region receives input from sensory regions of the parietal cortex and projects to M1, the spinal cord, and the brainstem reticular formation.
This region is concerned with setting posture at the start of a planned movement and with getting the individual prepared to move.
It is most involved in control of proximal limb muscles needed to orient the body for movement.
The premotor cortex is located anterior to the precentral gyrus, on the lateral and medial cortical surface; it contains a somatotopic map.
This region receives input from sensory regions of the parietal cortex and projects to M1, the spinal cord, and the brainstem reticular formation.
This region is concerned with setting posture at the start of a planned movement and with getting the individual prepared to move.
It is most involved in control of proximal limb muscles needed to orient the body for movement.
১৪৬.
Which neurotransmitter is most implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression?
ব্যাখ্যা
Serotonin (5-HT), along with norepinephrine and dopamine, is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Most antidepressants target these systems.
১৪৭.
Encephalitis is the inflammation of
ব্যাখ্যা
Encephalitis is the inflammation of brain parenchyma.
১৪৮.
Permanent blindness is a feature of poisoning with
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-147
১৪৯.
fuzzy appearing on LM is seen in
১৫০.
ACE inhibitor causes
১৫১.
Where duct is usually short or absent?
১৫২.
Buckling shoe is controlled by
১৫৩.
Which one is not a feature of of nephrotic syndrome-
ব্যাখ্যা
Haematuria occurs in nephritic syndrome
১৫৪.
False statement regurding joint pain -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Osteoarthritis is a most common chronic joint condition.
Osteoarthritis is a most common chronic joint condition.
১৫৫.
The superior oblique muscle of the eyeball is supplied by-
১৫৬.
Which one is immature bone?
১৫৭.
A patient having a tumor on the medial wall of the body of the lateral ventricle will involve which of the following structure?
ব্যাখ্যা
Medial wall of the body of the lateral ventricle is formed by-
-Septum pellucidum
-Body of fornix
১৫৮.
Which parasite causes carcinoma?
ব্যাখ্যা
S. hematobium causes bladder cancer
১৫৯.
Incubation period of rabise?
১৬০.
Uveal truct excludes
১৬১.
Calculate Renal fraction where CO 5000 ml/min, RBF 1200 ml /min ,RPF 650 ml/min
১৬২.
Old male with anaemia & HTN mostly suggests
১৬৩.
Anterior relation of right kidney-
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation-
Spleen, Pancreas, Stomach-related to left kidney
Spleen, Pancreas, Stomach-related to left kidney
১৬৪.
Coronary blood flow occurs mainly in
১৬৫.
What ensures that the lungs expand as the chest wall expands?
ব্যাখ্যা
Negative pressure (suction) causes the visceral pleura to remain in contact with the parietal pleura, so that when the chest wall & parietal pleura move, the parietal pleura takes the visceral pleura and lungs with it.
১৬৬.
Which description is true of continuous capillaries?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Junqueira’s Basic Histology; 14th Edition; Page-236
১৬৭.
Most important characteristic of synaptic transmission-
ব্যাখ্যা
Most important characteristic of synaptic transmission is one way conduction
১৬৮.
CBC finding of ascariasis is
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Ascariasis causes eosinophilia
১৬৯.
X-linked condition
১৭০.
Most common cause of osteomyelitis in children is-
১৭১.
Bony metastasis is not occurs in -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Bony metastasis occurs in -
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Breast
Bronchus of lungs
Kisney
Prostrate
Testes
Ovary
Bony metastasis occurs in -
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Breast
Bronchus of lungs
Kisney
Prostrate
Testes
Ovary
১৭২.
Agents not causing contraction of mesangial cells
১৭৩.
Cytokines -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Cytokines are the biologically active molecules, have low molecular weight
Protein or polypertides
Distinct from hormones
Usually not present in serum because they act locally near the producing cell.
Cytokines are the biologically active molecules, have low molecular weight
Protein or polypertides
Distinct from hormones
Usually not present in serum because they act locally near the producing cell.
১৭৪.
Which of the following is the tumor marker of for pancreatic cancer?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The most useful tumour marker for pancreatic cancer is CA 19-9, of which the sensitivity and specificity for pancreatic carcinoma are 80% and 90% respectively.
১৭৫.
Classical triad of pyelonephritis excludes
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-430
১৭৬.
Chromaffin cells are present in
ব্যাখ্যা
Adrenal Medullary parenchymal cells, known as chromaffin cells, arise from neural crest cells, as do the postganglionic neurons of sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia. Chromaffin cells can be considered modified sympathetic postganglionic neurons, lacking axons and dendrites and specialized as secretory cells.
১৭৭.
‘Night blindness’ is the consequence of which of the following vitamin deficiency?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Night blindness occurs due to Vitamin A deficiency
১৭৮.
Commonest cause of acute glomerulonephritis
ব্যাখ্যা
ABM 477
১৭৯.
Which of the following is the tumor marker of HCC?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is produced by 60% of HCCs. In HCC patients with elevated AFP levels, serial measurements can be a useful biomarker of disease progression or response to treatment
১৮০.
Curdy white discharge found in-
ব্যাখ্যা
Candidiasis infection is thick curdy.
১৮১.
The glomerular capillaries cannot filtrate...?
ব্যাখ্যা
The renal artery enters the kidney through the hilum and then branches progressively to form the interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries (also called radial arteries), and afferent arterioles, which lead to the glomerular capillaries, where large amounts of fluid and solutes (except the plasma proteins) are filtered to begin urine formation.
১৮২.
A 45-year-old male presents with a stab wound to the chest. Police suspect homicidal assault. The assailant claims the victim attacked him first. On exam, there are parallel incised wounds on both forearms and one deep stab in the anterior chest. What do these injuries most strongly indicate?
ব্যাখ্যা
Ans: Assault with defense wounds
Justification: Forearm cuts = defense wounds. A chest stab is likely a fatal wound. The injuries are not compatible with self-harm. (Reddy Ch. 19)
Justification: Forearm cuts = defense wounds. A chest stab is likely a fatal wound. The injuries are not compatible with self-harm. (Reddy Ch. 19)
১৮৩.
What is the specific indicator of acute pericarditis in ECG?
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd , Page : 542
Explanation : Specific indicator of acute pericarditis in ECG is PR interval depression .
Explanation : Specific indicator of acute pericarditis in ECG is PR interval depression .
১৮৪.
A patient requests termination of pregnancy at 24 weeks for social reasons. Under Bangladeshi law, what is the doctor’s best course?
ব্যাখ্যা
In Bangladesh, Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) beyond 20 weeks is generally illegal, except when it's necessary to save the mother's life. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act (MTP Act), 1971, which outlines these legal grounds, allows for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks on the opinion of one registered medical practitioner or up to 24 weeks on the opinion of two registered medical practitioners.
১৮৫.
In a patient taking OCP which one is not correct about Iron profile
১৮৬.
Normal Methomoglobin level in Hb is
১৮৭.
The right coronary artery arises from-
১৮৮.
Which is horse-shoe shape WBC:
১৮৯.
Taste buds are absent in-
১৯০.
Followings are the major symptoms of Crohn’s disease, excludes..
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: The major symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhoea and weight loss. Ddiarrhea, which is usually watery and does not contain blood or mucus.
১৯১.
The RCA branches into the following except
ব্যাখ্যা
The RCA branches into the following.
• Sinoatrial (SA) nodal artery
• Conus branch
• Right marginal artery
• AV nodal artery
• Posterior IV artery
• Septal branches
১৯২.
Membranous organelle
১৯৩.
An 35 year old lady came to OPD with fishy vaginal discharge with intense itching what will be the diagnosis?
ব্যাখ্যা
An increased discharge without any itch or irritation accompanied by an unpleasant or fishy odour, worse after sexual intercourse and during menstruation, indicates the possibility of BV
১৯৪.
which of the following is the largest intestinal nematode ?
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation: Ascaris lumbricoides is known as the “giant roundworm.” The adults are the largest intestinal nematodes, often growing to 25 cm or more.
১৯৫.
Drugs causing hypothyroidism
ব্যাখ্যা
Drugs causing hypothyroidism
Carbimazole, methimazole, popylthiouracil
Amiodarone
Lithium
Carbimazole, methimazole, popylthiouracil
Amiodarone
Lithium
১৯৬.
What is the pre renal cause of acute renal failure -
ব্যাখ্যা
Explanation :
Pre renal cause of acute renal failure :
Cardiac failure
Sepsis
Blood loss
Dehydration
Vascular occlusion
Pre renal cause of acute renal failure :
Cardiac failure
Sepsis
Blood loss
Dehydration
Vascular occlusion
১৯৭.
Dermatome of umbilicus
১৯৮.
Remittent fever occurs in
ব্যাখ্যা
If the fever fluctuates > 2ºC (3ºF) but does not touch the baseline, it is called remittent.
This is found in any pyogenic infection (pyogenic liver abscess, acute bronchopneumonia, acute tonsillitis, septicemia, acute pyelonephritis), lymphoma.
১৯৯.
All of the following are indicative of PID except
২০০.
Cardinal finding in portal hypertension
ব্যাখ্যা
Reference: Davidson 23rd; P-868